CN102780490A - DDS (direct digital synthesis) type ultra-wide band frequency-modulated signal generating circuit and method - Google Patents
DDS (direct digital synthesis) type ultra-wide band frequency-modulated signal generating circuit and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of radar wideband frequency synthesis and in particular relates to an ultra-wide band frequency-modulated signal generating method which is based on the combination of wideband DDS (direct digital synthesis) and an analog frequency synthesis technique. According to the invention, a wideband DDS chip is used for directly generating a wideband linear frequency-modulated, non-linear frequency-modulated or special phase-coded signal, and waveform signal parameters can be configured online by an upper computer. A radio frequency microwave band datum reference signal is generated by utilizing an analog phase-locked loop and a frequency synthesis technique, and the wideband linear frequency-modulated, non-linear frequency-modulated or special phase-coded signal and the radio frequency microwave band datum reference signal are combined by virtue of frequency spectrum shifting, thus an ultra-wide band frequency-modulated signal with low spur, low phase noise and high resolution is generated, a microwave direct frequency synthesizer with high resolution and low phase noise is realized and is simple in structure and easy to integrate.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to radar wideband frequency complex art field, be specifically related to a kind of ultra broadband FM signal production method that combines with the analog frequency synthetic technology based on broadband DDS.
Background technology
Along with the development of hyundai electronics countermeasure techniques, the target electromagnetic environment of our required reply is complicated day by day, and radar must further improve the ability of multiple target detection, anti-interference, high-resolution, many environment self-adaptions and target identification.One of key technology that improves these performances just is to use the long-pending pulsed frequencymodulated signal of wide bandwidth when big, and it is to realize multiobject high-resolution is measured, and accomplishes the essential condition of target classification identification.The generation of this ultra-broadband signal can adopt that direct frequency multiplication, up-conversion, DDS combine with frequency multiplication, DDS and technology such as PLL combines.But directly the spuious inhibition of frequency multiplication and up-conversion method is undesirable, and system is than complicacy and debug difficulties.General at present Direct Digital frequency synthesis (DDS) technology that adopts produces the arrowband linear FM signal; Carry out bandwidth extension realization ultra broadband FM signal through direct frequency doubling technology or phase locked track frequency doubling technology again; But there is bigger width of cloth distortion mutually in frequency multiplier with filter, has directly influenced the output quality of signals.There is long problem of frequency translation time in phase-locked loop circuit (PLL), can't produce the ultra broadband FM signal of high-resolution, high linearity.These problems are all measured ability with big limitations radar to multiobject high-resolution.
The Chinese invention patent frequency synthesizer system of spectral purity " improve Direct Digital Synthesizer " (application number: 200910264176.7) disclosedly be: a kind of frequency synthesizer system that improves the Direct Digital Synthesizer spectral purity.This patent is not enough to some extent on the frequency spectrum coverage, has the not high enough true point of output signal frequency.
Summary of the invention
To disadvantages of background technology, the invention provides ultra broadband FM signal generation circuit and method that a kind of DDS directly forms formula.This method directly produces wide-band linearity frequency modulation, nonlinear frequency modulation or special phase-coded signal through broadband DDS chip, and can be by host computer Configuration Online waveform signal parameter.Utilize analog phase-locked look and frequency synthesis technique to produce the accurate reference signal of frequency microwave segment base; Through frequency spectrum shift the two is combined again; Thereby produce lowly spuiously, low make an uproar mutually, high-resolution ultra broadband FM signal; Realized having high-resolution, low microwave direct synthesizer of making an uproar mutually, and simple in structure be easy to integrated.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: DDS directly forms the ultra broadband FM signal production method of formula, and its characteristic comprises the steps:
Step 1: external clock input;
Step 2: system clock produces;
Step 3: ultra-wideband waveform produces;
Step 4: waveform parameter control;
Step 5: mixing and filtering.
Its beneficial effect is: produce lowly spuiously, low make an uproar mutually, high-resolution ultra broadband FM signal, realized having high-resolution, low microwave direct synthesizer of making an uproar mutually.
Aforesaid ultra broadband FM signal production method is characterized in that the concrete grammar that system clock in the said step 2 produces is: be made up of phase locked source and Circuit Matching and power amplifier module and utilize outside input clock to generate broadband waveform generation part work system clock.
Aforesaid ultra broadband FM signal production method is characterized in that: the concrete grammar that ultra-wideband waveform produces in the said step 3 is: according to the control of parameter controlling section, utilize ultra broadband DDS chip to produce required waveform.Its beneficial effect is: through this step, can be implemented in system clock following time can produce the waveform signal that highest frequency is a system clock frequency 1/2nd.
Aforesaid ultra broadband FM signal production method; It is characterized in that: the concrete grammar of waveform parameter control is in the said step 4: through ARM controller and PERCOM peripheral communication; Utilize the order of the fpga chip parsing host computer of real-time regulated waveform parameter, call corresponding waveform library and give waveform generation module output waveform parameter control command.Its beneficial effect is: make it can produce the waveform that meets particular requirement.
Aforesaid ultra broadband FM signal production method is characterized in that: the concrete grammar of mixing and filtering is to utilize frequency mixer with above-mentioned ultra-wideband waveform that produces and carrier frequency mixing in the said step 5.Its beneficial effect is: this part is realized by frequency mixer; Its objective is through the mode of mixing the wide-band linearity FM signal is moved microwave frequency band; Because the output frequency of DDS is lower; For the wide-band linearity FM signal that makes final generation has higher microwave working frequency range; Need the wide-band linearity FM signal be moved microwave frequency band through the mode of mixing; Producing initial frequency is
, and chirp rate is K, and pulsewidth is τ, pulse repetition period to be the ultra-wideband pulse modulation linearity FM signal of T.
The ultra broadband FM signal that a kind of DDS directly forms formula produces circuit; Comprise clock input circuit, phase locked source circuit, ultra broadband DDS, waveform parameter control circuit, amplification filtering and mixing and filtering circuit; The input of clock input circuit links to each other with external clock; The output one tunnel of clock input circuit links to each other with the reference clock end of phase locked source, and another road is gone into end with the clock of waveform parameter control circuit and linked to each other; The system clock output of phase locked source links to each other with the system clock input of ultra broadband DDS; The control signal output ends of waveform parameter control circuit links to each other with the signal input end of ultra broadband DDS; The waveform output of ultra broadband DDS links to each other with the input of amplification filtering, and the output of amplification filtering links to each other with the waveform signal input of mixing.
Its beneficial effect is: produce lowly spuiously, low make an uproar mutually, high-resolution ultra broadband FM signal, realized having high-resolution, low microwave direct synthesizer of making an uproar mutually.
Aforesaid ultra broadband FM signal produces circuit, and it is characterized in that: described phase locked source is made up of 1/4 frequency divider, phase discriminator PE3336, loop filter, voltage controlled oscillator VCO and amplification merit portions; Wherein the input of 1/4 frequency divider links to each other with the external clock input circuit; The output of 1/4 frequency divider links to each other with the road reference signal input of phase discriminator PE3336; Another road reference signal input of phase discriminator PE3336 links to each other with the feedback signal output that amplifies the merit branch, and the output of phase discriminator PE3336 links to each other with the input port of loop filter; Loop filter adopts active proportional-integral filter, and output links to each other with the control voltage of voltage-controlled oscillator input; The signal output part of voltage controlled oscillator links to each other with the input that amplifies the merit portions; Wherein one tunnel output of amplifying the merit parallel circuit links to each other with the input end of clock of ultra broadband DDS.
Aforesaid ultra broadband FM signal produces circuit; It is characterized in that: ultra broadband DDS is changeed single-ended chip and is constituted by single-ended transfer difference chip, DDS chip DS855, difference; Wherein the input of single-ended transfer difference chip links to each other with the system clock output of phase-locked loop, and output links to each other with the system clock input of DDS chip DS855; The signal input end of DDS chip DS855 links to each other with the signal input end of waveform parameter control module, and the WBFM waveform output that DDS chip DS855 produces changes single-ended chip input with difference and links to each other; Difference is changeed single-ended chip output and is linked to each other with the input of amplification filtering.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: system works flow process figure
Fig. 2: system architecture diagram
Fig. 3: phase locked source composition frame chart.
Embodiment
The ultra broadband FM signal that a kind of DDS directly forms formula produces circuit and method; It is characterized in that: be depicted as the structure composition frame chart of native system like figure two, system mainly partly is made up of clock input, phase locked source, ultra broadband DDS, waveform parameter control, amplification filtering and mixing and filtering.The input of clock input links to each other with external clock, and output one tunnel links to each other with the reference clock end of phase locked source, and one the tunnel goes into end with the clock of waveform parameter control circuit links to each other.The system clock output of phase locked source links to each other with the system clock input of ultra broadband DDS.The control signal output ends of waveform parameter control circuit links to each other with the signal input end of ultra broadband DDS.The waveform output of ultra broadband DDS links to each other with the input of amplification filtering circuit, and the input of amplification filtering circuit links to each other with the waveform signal input of frequency mixing module, and the output of mixing and filtering links to each other with output interface.
Just can realize that through the above critical piece producing the repetition period according to the waveform sign indicating number is T; Carrier frequency is
; Pulse duration τ is respectively 100 μ s or 300 μ s or 600 μ s, and bandwidth B is respectively the purpose of the linear FM signal of 300MHz or 30MHz or 10MHz.And cross the CAN interface together, but the parameter value of repetition period T, pulse duration τ and bandwidth B in the host computer online in real time change waveform library.
The external clock of system is selected to confirm the external clock 200MHz in the present embodiment according to the characteristic of phase discriminator in the frequency of required output waveform signals and the phase locked source.External clock is divided into two-way after at first dividing through merit, and one the tunnel exports to phase locked source after impedance matching and power amplification, and the purpose of impedance matching and power amplification is that the clock signal that guarantees the input phase locked source has enough power.Another road through export to after clock processing be used for Waveform Control FPGA as its work clock, clock processing can convert external clock into level format that device can correct handling.
The structure of phase locked source is used to produce the work clock of the radio frequency system clock
of high stable as DDS waveform generation part shown in figure three.VCO wherein is voltage controlled oscillator.It is characterized by: structure is made up of 1/4 frequency divider, phase discriminator PE3336, loop filter, voltage controlled oscillator and amplification merit portions.Wherein the input of 1/4 frequency divider links to each other with one tunnel output of external clock input module as the reference signal input of phase-locked loop module, and output links to each other with one tunnel reference signal input of phase discriminator.Another road reference signal input of phase discriminator links to each other with the feedback signal output that amplifies power amplifier module, and output links to each other with the input port of loop filter.Loop filter adopts active proportional-integral filter, and output links to each other with the control voltage of voltage-controlled oscillator input.The signal output part of voltage controlled oscillator links to each other with the input that amplifies the merit portions.Amplify the merit portions and be divided into two-way after input signal is amplified, the one tunnel links to each other with phase discriminator as feedback signal, and one tunnel system clock as the output of phase-locked loop module links to each other with the input end of clock of ultra-wideband waveform generation DDS.The 200MHz clock is the 50MHz reference clock signal by 1/4 frequency divider frequency division at first; This reference clock
gets in the phase discriminator in the phase-locked loop chip and participates in phase demodulation, and another road phase discrimination signal of phase discriminator is the clock of the feedback signal
of voltage controlled oscillator VCO output at the inner frequency division specific factor of phase-locked loop chip gained.Error control voltage of phase discriminator output filters high-frequency signal through behind the loop filter, gets into the output frequency that VCO regulates VCO, in native system, uses active proportional-integral filter as loop filter.The output signal of VCO is amplified into power splitter through power amplifier, uses power amplifier can guarantee that promptly the signal that enters into power splitter has enough power here, the effect that level is isolated before and after can playing again.Amplification filtering is divided into two-way with signal; One tunnel system clock as DDS
, another road signal
feed back to the lock phase discriminator and constitute the inner feedback loop of phase locked source.
Ultra broadband DDS partly is used to produce the waveform signal that satisfies particular requirement; It is characterized by: structure comprises single-ended transfer difference circuit, Direct Digital frequency synthesis chip DS855, difference commentaries on classics single-end circuit; Input wherein links to each other with the system clock output of phase-locked loop module, and output links to each other with the system clock input of DS855.The signal input end of DS855 links to each other with the signal input end of waveform parameter control module, and the WBFM waveform output of generation links to each other with input.Output links to each other with the input of filter circuit.Its work clock is the 2.5GHz system clock
that above-mentioned phase locked source produces; Produce the DDS chip that corresponding Waveform Control word sends to the waveform generation part by Waveform Control FPGA according to the waveform library data of storing during work; Regulate the output signal parameter of DDS waveform generation part through the real-time control of Waveform Control part, thereby generate the ultra-wideband pulse modulation linearity FM signal that centre frequency
, chirp rate K, pulse duration τ meet the demands.DDS chip in that native system is selected for use is supported the system clock up to 3.2G; Can export 0--1.6GHz frequency agility sine wave signal, and have 32bit frequency control word FTW interface, it is fast to have frequency hopping speed; The advantage that frequency resolution is high can be good at meeting design requirement.
The waveform parameter control section is used for controlling in real time the parameter that DDS partly produces waveform; ARM by being used for upper machine communication constitutes with the FPGA that produces the Waveform Control word; The FPGA part is when work; At first receive the Waveform Control order that ARM partly sends; By the waveform library that command lookup is stored in advance, parse this pulsewidth of ordering required generation waveform, bandwidth, repetition period special parameter, according to initial frequency, step frequency, the cut-off frequency of these calculation of parameter sequential relationship data and FM signal; Produce the frequency control word and the timing control signal of specific time sequence relation at last; For example producing pulsewidth τ among the design is 100 μ s, repetition period 2ms, the FM signal of bandwidth 300 MHz; And known centre frequency
is fixed as 750MHz; Promptly producing with the system synchronization signal at last through waveform and the calculating of sequential control module is the control signal frequency control word that benchmark has specific time sequence, and corresponding initial frequency point is 600 MHz, and frequency step is 7.5kHz; Exporting 40000 Frequency points of this step change in the whole 100 μ s pulsewidths continuously, is the linear FM signal of 600 ~ 900MHz thereby produce 100 μ s pulse duration frequencies.And ARM partly accomplishes the communication function between waveform generation module and the host computer through the CAN interface, and the output signal of DDS is carried out On-line Control.CAN debugging software through host computer during work sends CAN orders to waveform and sequential control module; The pulse duration τ corresponding with this waveform sign indicating number is respectively 100 μ s or 300 μ s or 600 μ s in its generation waveform library of waveform sign indicating number order control, and bandwidth B is respectively the linear FM signal of 300MHz or 30MHz or 10MHz.But waveform library reorganization order online modification presets the parameter value of pulse duration in the waveform library, bandwidth, centre frequency, realizes the on-line reorganization of waveform library, to be adapted to multiple different environment for use.
Amplification filtering partly adopts the mode of high pass filter and low pass filter combination, is used for the spurious frequency of filtered signal and the harmonic frequency that phase locked source produces, and improves signal quality.
The mixing and filtering part; With the linear FM signal up-conversion to microwave frequency band; Be that centre frequency is moved to
by
; Suppress parasitic frequency through filter then, export the microwave section wide-band linearity FM signal of designing requirement at last with signal waveform form coupling.
The method that this technology adopts broadband DDS to combine with the analog frequency synthetic technology produces the ultra broadband FM signal.Utilize DDS real-time control technology in broadband to realize that the waveform generation mode has overcome long, index defective such as frequency resolution is low, phase resolution is low of the frequency hopping time that exists in the spread spectrum of traditional arrowband DDS+PLL or arrowband DDS+ frequency multiplication; Combine with the analog frequency synthetic technology simultaneously; Overcome the not high enough weakness of output signal frequency in the DDS technology again, made the FM signal of output can cover L, S, C, X and K wave band.Make have high-resolution, the microwave frequency band ultra broadband direct synthesizer of high phase noise index becomes possibility, and simple in structure be easy to integrated.Patent of the present invention is mainly used in the high-resolution digital array radar, is one of key technology of target identification, has very high engineering practical value.
When the external clock in the present embodiment is 200MHz, can the circuit of present embodiment be made certain improvements, realizes that external clock changes, so realize to the present invention the purpose that will reach.
Claims (8)
1.DDS directly form the ultra broadband FM signal production method of formula, its characteristic comprises the steps:
Step 1: external clock input;
Step 2: system clock produces;
Step 3: ultra-wideband waveform produces;
Step 4: waveform parameter control;
Step 5: mixing and filtering.
2. ultra broadband FM signal production method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the concrete grammar that system clock in the said step 2 produces is: be made up of phase locked source and Circuit Matching and power amplifier module and utilize outside input clock to generate broadband waveform generation part work system clock.
3. ultra broadband FM signal production method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the concrete grammar that ultra-wideband waveform produces in the said step 3 is: according to the control of parameter controlling section, utilize ultra broadband DDS chip to produce required waveform.
4. ultra broadband FM signal production method as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that: the concrete grammar of waveform parameter control is in the said step 4: through ARM controller and PERCOM peripheral communication; Utilize the order of the fpga chip parsing host computer of real-time regulated waveform parameter, call corresponding waveform library and give waveform generation module output waveform parameter control command.
5. like the described arbitrary ultra broadband FM signal production method of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that: the concrete grammar of mixing and filtering is to utilize frequency mixer with above-mentioned ultra-wideband waveform that produces and carrier frequency mixing in the said step 5.
6. the DDS ultra broadband FM signal that directly forms formula produces circuit; Comprise clock input circuit, phase locked source circuit, ultra broadband DDS, waveform parameter control circuit, amplification filtering and mixing and filtering circuit; The input of clock input circuit links to each other with external clock; The output one tunnel of clock input circuit links to each other with the reference clock end of phase locked source, and another road is gone into end with the clock of waveform parameter control circuit and linked to each other; The system clock output of phase locked source links to each other with the system clock input of ultra broadband DDS; The control signal output ends of waveform parameter control circuit links to each other with the signal input end of ultra broadband DDS; The waveform output of ultra broadband DDS links to each other with the input of amplification filtering, and the output of amplification filtering links to each other with the waveform signal input of mixing.
7. ultra broadband FM signal as claimed in claim 6 produces circuit, and it is characterized in that: described phase locked source is made up of 1/4 frequency divider, phase discriminator PE3336, loop filter, voltage controlled oscillator VCO and amplification merit portions; Wherein the input of 1/4 frequency divider links to each other with the external clock input circuit; The output of 1/4 frequency divider links to each other with the road reference signal input of phase discriminator PE3336; Another road reference signal input of phase discriminator PE3336 links to each other with the feedback signal output that amplifies the merit branch, and the output of phase discriminator PE3336 links to each other with the input port of loop filter; Loop filter adopts active proportional-integral filter, and output links to each other with the control voltage of voltage-controlled oscillator input; The signal output part of voltage controlled oscillator links to each other with the input that amplifies the merit portions; Wherein one tunnel output of amplifying the merit parallel circuit links to each other with the input end of clock of ultra broadband DDS.
8. produce circuit like claim 6 or 7 described ultra broadband FM signals; It is characterized in that: ultra broadband DDS is changeed single-ended chip and is constituted by single-ended transfer difference chip, DDS chip DS855, difference; Wherein the input of single-ended transfer difference chip links to each other with the system clock output of phase-locked loop, and output links to each other with the system clock input of DDS chip DS855; The signal input end of DDS chip DS855 links to each other with the signal input end of waveform parameter control module, and the WBFM waveform output that DDS chip DS855 produces changes single-ended chip input with difference and links to each other; Difference is changeed single-ended chip output and is linked to each other with the input of amplification filtering.
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