CN102776313A - Method for smelting high-phosphorus steel by low-temperature low-silicon molten iron in converter - Google Patents
Method for smelting high-phosphorus steel by low-temperature low-silicon molten iron in converter Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for smelting high-phosphorus steel by low-temperature low-silicon molten iron in a converter. The method comprises the following steps that: scrap steel is added into the converter; active lime is added in the converter for the first time, and an oxygen lance, the position of which is lower than the normal position for 10-20 centimeters, blows oxygen; after the oxygen blowing is performed for 50-60 seconds, dolomite is added into the converter at one time; when the oxygen blowing is performed for 90-110 seconds, the oxygen lance is lifted to the normal oxygen blowing position, and active lime is added into the converter again; and tapping is carried out. The method fully utilizes the conditions of the low-temperature low-silicon molten iron in reducing a phosphorus removal rate to smelt the high-phosphorus steel, the phosphorus removal rate can be reduced to 40%-50% from the above 85% of the current conventional smelting, and thus the phosphorus content of the smelting at the end point is effectively improved; the lime addition amount is reduced to be not over 25kg/ton of steel from 40kg-60kg/ton of steel, and the usage amount of phosphorus alloy can also be reduced; the waste residue discharge can be reduced; and moreover, a fluorite slagging agent is not used, and thus the environmental burden can be relieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Metal smelting, specifically belong to the method for utilizing the low temperature hot metal containing low silicon in converter, to smelt high phosphoretic steel, it is applicable to converter smelting more than 50 tons.
Background technology
For being the ferrous metallurgy flow process of core process with blast furnace-converter-external refining, suitable blast-melted temperature and composition are the bases that guarantees this flow process direct motion.Yet; Along with present steel enterprise raw material sources are day by day diversified, cost control pressure is increasing; Molten iron temperature that blast-furnace smelting is produced and composition fluctuation range obviously strengthen, the frequency also increases gradually, and particularly the molten iron condition of the low silicon of low temperature is had higher requirement to converter smelting.At present the low temperature hot metal containing low silicon be converter smelting one of the most outstanding difficult problem that will face.
Molten iron is the core source of heat in the converter steelmaking process, and the oxidizing reaction of the silicon in the molten iron in converter steelmaking process then is the main chemical reactions heat source of heat in the converter steelmaking process.The low temperature hot metal containing low silicon (is meant that molten iron is blended into temperature before the converter≤1220 ℃; Silicone content≤0.25% simultaneously) directly caused converter smelting initial temperature and process origin of heat than about-face; Be one of non-normal condition of converter smelting, converter steelmaking process control, terminal temperature and composition are hit all has direct influence.At first, because charging temperature is on the low side serious, the early stageization slag possibly encounter difficulties; Secondly, because the molten iron silicon content minimizing, in order to make the suitable slag of basicity; Slag charge add-ons such as corresponding lime reduce, and slag steel ratio reduces, and, terminal temperature stable in the maintenance of finishing slag basicity reaches under the situation of smelting requirements; The slag steel partition ratio of phosphorus changes little, and then dephosphorization rate directly descends thereupon, therefore; With the low temperature hot metal containing low silicon be raw material when smelting conventional steel grade, the control of dephosphorization effect is one of maximum difficult point.
At present; With the low temperature hot metal containing low silicon is that raw material is when smelting common steel grade; Multiple coping style is arranged, and controlling direction basically is through adjustment rifle position, oxygen supply intensity and slag charge structure and adding mode etc., makes the smelting endpoint composition suitable when particularly phosphorus content, terminal temperature etc. are with conventional smelting condition; And keep dephosphorization rate in higher level, guarantee that low-phosphorous tapping (phosphorus in the general requirement molten steel≤0.02%) is the core controlled target; But because the extreme characteristics of the low silicon material condition of low temperature are brought more difficulty to converter steelmaking process and terminal point control, overall terminal temperature, composition hit rate level are lower than the situation of conventional smelting condition.
Development along with Iron And Steel Industry; The user requires to become increasingly conspicuous to the personalization of steel performance, and phosphorus is broken as the notion of steel grade harmful element, in recent years; High phosphorus content steel grade such as weather resisting steel, freight container are increasing with the kind of steel and phosphor intensified steel etc., and demand is obviously amplified.And the low temperature hot metal containing low silicon obviously reduces owing to corresponding slag add-on in smelting process, is the favourable condition that reduces the phosphorus decreasing ratio, in smelting high phosphorus steel grade process; Can be through further optimizing slag charge structure and process control; Reduce the basicity of slag, reduce the slag steel partition ratio of phosphorus, reach the purpose of high phosphorus tapping; That brings when avoiding on the one hand the low temperature hot metal containing low silicon to smelt conventional steel grade controls risk; Simultaneously this non-normal condition is become the favourable condition of high phosphorus tapping, improve the molten steel yield on the whole, reduce slag charge consumption, deoxygenated alloy consumption and high phosphorus steel grade ferrorphosphorus consumption, practice thrift cost, reduce consumption, reduce waste discharge.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to utilize the low temperature hot metal containing low silicon to smelt the high phosphorus molten steel, the yield of phosphorus brings up to 50 ~ 60% in the molten steel, and the consumption of phosphorus alloy reduces waste discharge when reducing slag charge consumption, minimizing manufacturing high phosphorus steel grade.
Realize the measure of above-mentioned purpose:
The low temperature hot metal containing low silicon is with the method for the high phosphoretic steel of converter smelting, its step:
1) in converter, adds steel scrap; Its add-on is carried out according to following principle: be blended into molten iron that silicon weight percent content 0.3% is the calculating benchmark that adds scrap ratio in 1250 ℃ of temperature before the converter, the molten iron; When 1 ℃ of the every reduction of molten iron temperature, the corresponding reduction by 0.055 ~ 0.06% of scrap ratio; When the every reduction by 0.01% of molten iron silicon content, scrap ratio is corresponding to reduce by 0.018% ~ 0.022% again;
2) add quickened lime for the first time according to 10 ~ 15Kg/ ton steel; Carry out conventional oxygen blast after quickened lime add to finish, and make oxygen lance position be lower than the normal position to carry out oxygen blast for 10～20 centimetres;
3) when oxygen blast proceeds to 50～60 seconds, according to the disposable adding rhombspar of 5 ~ 8Kg/ ton steel;
4) when oxygen blast proceeds to 90～110 seconds, oxygen lance position is risen to normal oxygen blast position finish until oxygen blast, adding quickened lime once more according to 5 ~ 10Kg/ ton steel;
5) tapping, the control Molten Steel End Point is at 1670～1690 ℃, and the finishing slag basicity of slag is 2.5～3, and total quantity of slag of smelting endpoint is at 40 ~ 50Kg/ ton steel.
It is characterized in that: when adding for the first time behind the quickened lime oxygen blast, the adjusting range that oxygen lance position is lower than 10～20 centimetres of normal positions becomes positive correlation with heat size.
The present invention has compared with prior art made full use of the low temperature hot metal containing low silicon in the favourable condition that reduces aspect the phosphorus decreasing ratio, adds the technological measure of coupling and smelts high phosphoretic steel; The present invention also can evade a process and the terminal point control difficult problem for guaranteeing that high dephosphorization rate produces; With dephosphorization rate by present conventional 40～50% the level of being reduced to more than 85% of smelting; Effectively improve the smelting endpoint phosphorus content; The add-on of lime is reduced to by 40～60Kg/ ton steel and is no more than 25Kg/ ton steel, and iron scale, phosphorus alloy usage quantity also can be reduced; And can reduce the waste sludge discharge amount, and owing to do not use environmentally hazardous dissolving agent such as fluorite, thereby environmental pressure can be reduced.
Embodiment
Describe in detail in the face of the present invention down:
Embodiment 1
90 tons of converters are smelted; It is 1220 ℃ that molten iron is gone into the preceding temperature of converter, and silicone content is 0.246%, and phosphorus content is 0.105%; It is 0.06 ~ 0.08% that the steel grade finished product phosphorus content of smelting requires;
To go into that temperature is 1220 ℃ before the converter, silicone content is 0.246%, and phosphorus content is that 0.105% molten iron reaches 0.0578%, its step with converter smelting endpoint molten steel phosphorus weight percentage:
1) in converter, adds steel scrap:, reduced by 30 ℃ than 1250 ℃ of reference condition temperature because the molten iron temperature of going into before the converter is 1220 ℃; The silicon weight percent content is owing to be 0.246% in the molten iron, is lower than 0.3% reference condition 0.054% according to 1 ℃ of the every reduction of molten iron temperature, the corresponding reduction by 0.055 ~ 0.06% of scrap ratio; The every reduction by 0.01% of molten iron silicon content, scrap ratio is corresponding to be reduced by 0.018% ~ 0.022% again and calculates, and the scrap ratio that present embodiment reduces is: 0.055%/℃ Х, 30 ℃+0.020% Х, 0.054 ≈ 1.651%; Go into according to molten iron that temperature is 1250 ℃ before the converter, silicone content is 0.3% calculating, and the scrap ratio of adding should be 15%, and the scrap ratio of this actual adding is about 13.4%;
2) add quickened lime for the first time according to 15Kg/ ton steel; Carry out conventional oxygen blast after quickened lime add to finish, and oxygen lance position is lower than normally open and blows 13 centimetres of positions (normally open blow the rifle position be 1.65 meters) and carry out oxygen blast;
3) when oxygen blast proceeds to 50 seconds, according to the disposable adding rhombspar of 8Kg/ ton steel;
4) when oxygen blast proceeds to 105 seconds, the adjustment of oxygen lance position is transformed into normal mode finishes until oxygen blast, add quickened lime once more according to 5Kg/ ton steel;
5) tapping, the control Molten Steel End Point is at 1670～1673 ℃, and finishing slag basicity is 2.6, and the finishing slag amount is a 50Kg/ ton steel, and in the smelting endpoint composition, phosphorus content is 0.0578% in the molten steel, dephosphorization rate is 45%.
This quickened lime add-on added 20Kg/ ton steel at least than lacking originally; Dephosphorization rate has descended at least 40%; For reaching this steel grade finished product phosphorus content minimum requirements; Need in the operation after smelting, add ferrorphosphorus, be example with the ferrorphosphorus that adds 25% quality percentage composition, and the yield of alloy by 90% calculates; This alloy amount that only needs to add is a 0.01kg/ ton steel, reduces 0.18Kg/ ton steel at least than original ferrorphosphorus add-on; Slag mobile fine do not occur in the smelting process returning and does the splash phenomenon.
Embodiment 2
250 tons of converters are smelted; It is 1205 ℃ that molten iron is gone into the preceding temperature of converter, and silicone content is 0.24%, and phosphorus content is 0.095%; It is 0.07 ~ 0.09% that the steel grade finished product phosphorus content of smelting requires;
To go into that temperature is 1205 ℃ before the converter, silicone content is 0.24%, and phosphorus content is that 0.095% molten iron reaches 0.057%, its step with converter smelting endpoint molten steel phosphorus weight percentage:
1) in converter, adds steel scrap:, reduced by 45 ℃ than 1250 ℃ of reference condition temperature because the molten iron temperature of going into before the converter is 1205 ℃; Silicon weight percent content in the molten iron is owing to be 0.24%; Be lower than 0.3% reference condition 0.06%; According to 1 ℃ of the every reduction of molten iron temperature, the corresponding reduction by 0.055 ~ 0.06% of scrap ratio, the every reduction by 0.01% of molten iron silicon content; Scrap ratio is corresponding to be reduced by 0.018% ~ 0.022% again and calculates, and the scrap ratio that present embodiment reduces is: 0.06%/℃ Х, 45 ℃+0.018% Х, 0.06 ≈ 2.701%; Go into according to molten iron that temperature is 1250 ℃ before the converter, silicone content is 0.3% calculating, and the scrap ratio of adding should be 16%, and the scrap ratio of this actual adding is about 12.3%;
2) add quickened lime for the first time according to 10Kg/ ton steel; Carry out conventional oxygen blast after quickened lime add to finish, and oxygen lance position is lower than normally open and blows 20 centimetres of positions (normally open blow the rifle position be 1.95 meters) and carry out oxygen blast;
3) when oxygen blast proceeds to 58 seconds, according to the disposable adding rhombspar of 5Kg/ ton steel;
4) when oxygen blast proceeds to 90 seconds, the adjustment of oxygen lance position is transformed into normal mode finishes until oxygen blast, add quickened lime once more according to 6Kg/ ton steel;
5) tapping, the control Molten Steel End Point is at 1687～1690 ℃, and finishing slag basicity is 2.5, and the finishing slag amount is a 40Kg/ ton steel, and in the smelting endpoint composition, phosphorus content is 0.057% in the molten steel, dephosphorization rate is 40%.
This quickened lime add-on added 24Kg/ ton steel at least than lacking originally; Dephosphorization rate has descended at least 45%; For reaching this steel grade finished product phosphorus content minimum requirements; Need in the operation after smelting, add ferrorphosphorus, be example with the ferrorphosphorus that adds 25% quality percentage composition, and the yield of alloy by 90% calculates; This alloy amount that only needs to add is a 0.06kg/ ton steel, reduces 0.18Kg/ ton steel at least than original ferrorphosphorus add-on; Slag mobile fine do not occur in the smelting process returning and does the splash phenomenon.
Embodiment 3
50 tons of converters are smelted; It is 1210 ℃ that molten iron is gone into the preceding temperature of converter, and silicone content is 0.20%, and phosphorus content is 0.102%; It is 0.05 ~ 0.07% that the steel grade finished product phosphorus content of smelting requires;
To go into that temperature is 1210 ℃ before the converter, silicone content is 0.20%, and phosphorus content is that 0.095% molten iron reaches 0.051%, its step with converter smelting endpoint molten steel phosphorus weight percentage:
1) in converter, adds steel scrap:, reduced by 40 ℃ than 1250 ℃ of reference condition temperature because the molten iron temperature of going into before the converter is 1210 ℃; Silicon weight percent content in the molten iron is lower than 0.3% reference condition 0.10% owing to be 0.20%; According to 1 ℃ of the every reduction of molten iron temperature, the corresponding reduction by 0.055 ~ 0.06% of scrap ratio; The every reduction by 0.01% of molten iron silicon content, scrap ratio is corresponding to be reduced by 0.018% ~ 0.022% again and calculates, and the scrap ratio that present embodiment reduces is: 0.058%/℃ Х, 40 ℃+0.022% Х 0.10=2.54%; Go into according to molten iron that temperature is 1250 ℃ before the converter, silicone content is 0.3% calculating, and the scrap ratio of adding should be 12%, and the scrap ratio of this actual adding is about 9.5%;
2) add quickened lime for the first time according to 15Kg/ ton steel; Carry out conventional oxygen blast after quickened lime add to finish, and make oxygen lance position be lower than 10 centimetres of normal positions (normally open blow the rifle position be 1.35 meters) to carry out oxygen blast;
2) when oxygen blast proceeds to 53 seconds, according to the disposable adding rhombspar of 8Kg/ ton steel;
3) when oxygen blast proceeds to 96 seconds, the adjustment of oxygen lance position is transformed into normal mode finishes until oxygen blast, add quickened lime once more according to 10Kg/ ton steel;
4) tapping, the control Molten Steel End Point is at 1678～1680 ℃, and the finishing slag basicity of slag is 3.0, and the finishing slag amount is a 50Kg/ ton steel.In the smelting endpoint composition, phosphorus content is 0.051% in the molten steel, and dephosphorization rate is 50%.
This quickened lime add-on added 15Kg/ ton steel at least than lacking originally; Dephosphorization rate has descended at least 35%, and phosphorus content has satisfied this steel grade finished product phosphorus content requirement in the molten steel, need in the operation after smelting, not add ferrorphosphorus again, reduces 0.15Kg/ ton steel at least than original ferrorphosphorus add-on; Slag mobile fine do not occur in the smelting process returning and does the splash phenomenon.
Claims (2)
1. the low temperature hot metal containing low silicon is with the method for the high phosphoretic steel of converter smelting, its step:
1) in converter, adds steel scrap; Its add-on is carried out according to following principle: be blended into molten iron that silicon weight percent content 0.3% is the calculating benchmark that adds scrap ratio in 1250 ℃ of temperature before the converter, the molten iron; When 1 ℃ of the every reduction of molten iron temperature, the corresponding reduction by 0.055 ~ 0.06% of scrap ratio; When the every reduction by 0.01% of molten iron silicon content, scrap ratio is corresponding to reduce by 0.018% ~ 0.022% again;
2) add quickened lime for the first time according to 10 ~ 15Kg/ ton steel; Carry out conventional oxygen blast after quickened lime add to finish, and make oxygen lance position be lower than the normal position to carry out oxygen blast for 10～20 centimetres;
3) when oxygen blast proceeds to 50～60 seconds, according to the disposable adding rhombspar of 5 ~ 8Kg/ ton steel;
4) when oxygen blast proceeds to 90～110 seconds, oxygen lance position is risen to normal oxygen blast position finish until oxygen blast, adding quickened lime once more according to 5 ~ 10Kg/ ton steel;
5) tapping, the control Molten Steel End Point is at 1670～1690 ℃, and the finishing slag basicity of slag is 2.5～3, and total quantity of slag of smelting endpoint is at 40 ~ 50Kg/ ton steel.
2. low temperature hot metal containing low silicon as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that with the method for the high phosphoretic steel of converter smelting: when adding for the first time behind the quickened lime oxygen blast, the adjusting range that oxygen lance position is lower than 10～20 centimetres of normal positions becomes positive correlation with heat size.
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103266195A (en) * | 2013-05-15 | 2013-08-28 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Method for improving smelting dephosphorization of converter |
| CN103266196A (en) * | 2013-05-15 | 2013-08-28 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Method for producing carbon steel by using low-temperature low-silicon molten iron in 90-ton converter |
| CN103361462A (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2013-10-23 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Control method for low-carbon high-phosphorus steel tapping in converter |
| CN103388043A (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2013-11-13 | 山东莱钢永锋钢铁有限公司 | A converter low-silicon smelting method |
| CN103555878A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-02-05 | 武钢集团昆明钢铁股份有限公司 | Safe and high-efficient low-silicon molten-ion blowing process |
| CN104294000A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2015-01-21 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Method for producing high phosphorus steel in 180-tonnage ore furnace |
| CN106381358A (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2017-02-08 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Method for smelting high-phosphorus steel from semisteel |
| CN108396093A (en) * | 2017-02-05 | 2018-08-14 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | A method of improving the residual manganese content of converter terminal molten steel |
| CN108396096A (en) * | 2017-02-08 | 2018-08-14 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | A kind of extremely low temperature, the method for ultra-high-sulfur(UHS) molten iron converter desulfuration in furnace |
| CN110643778A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2020-01-03 | 广东韶钢松山股份有限公司 | Method for smelting high-phosphorus steel by converter |
| CN110724784A (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2020-01-24 | 盐城市联鑫钢铁有限公司 | Low-silicon high-phosphorus molten iron converter smelting method |
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Cited By (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103266196A (en) * | 2013-05-15 | 2013-08-28 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Method for producing carbon steel by using low-temperature low-silicon molten iron in 90-ton converter |
| CN103266195A (en) * | 2013-05-15 | 2013-08-28 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Method for improving smelting dephosphorization of converter |
| CN103266196B (en) * | 2013-05-15 | 2014-10-08 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Method for producing carbon steel by using low-temperature low-silicon molten iron in 90-ton converter |
| CN103266195B (en) * | 2013-05-15 | 2015-12-23 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | A kind of method improving converter smelting dephosphorization |
| CN103388043A (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2013-11-13 | 山东莱钢永锋钢铁有限公司 | A converter low-silicon smelting method |
| CN103388043B (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2016-09-07 | 山东莱钢永锋钢铁有限公司 | Converter low silicon smelting method |
| CN103361462B (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2015-11-25 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | The control method of converter low-carbon (LC) high phosphorus tapping |
| CN103361462A (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2013-10-23 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Control method for low-carbon high-phosphorus steel tapping in converter |
| CN103555878A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-02-05 | 武钢集团昆明钢铁股份有限公司 | Safe and high-efficient low-silicon molten-ion blowing process |
| CN103555878B (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2015-02-04 | 武钢集团昆明钢铁股份有限公司 | Safe and high-efficient low-silicon molten-ion blowing process |
| CN104294000A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2015-01-21 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Method for producing high phosphorus steel in 180-tonnage ore furnace |
| CN106381358A (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2017-02-08 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Method for smelting high-phosphorus steel from semisteel |
| CN106381358B (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2018-05-01 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | The method of semisteel smelting high-phosphorus iron ore |
| CN108396093A (en) * | 2017-02-05 | 2018-08-14 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | A method of improving the residual manganese content of converter terminal molten steel |
| CN108396096A (en) * | 2017-02-08 | 2018-08-14 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | A kind of extremely low temperature, the method for ultra-high-sulfur(UHS) molten iron converter desulfuration in furnace |
| CN108396096B (en) * | 2017-02-08 | 2019-09-20 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | A kind of extremely low temperature, the method for ultra-high-sulfur(UHS) molten iron converter desulfuration in furnace |
| CN110643778A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2020-01-03 | 广东韶钢松山股份有限公司 | Method for smelting high-phosphorus steel by converter |
| CN110724784A (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2020-01-24 | 盐城市联鑫钢铁有限公司 | Low-silicon high-phosphorus molten iron converter smelting method |
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