Summary of the invention
All long in order to solve the fermentation time that microbial organic fertilizer of the prior art needs in composting process, and in prior art, lack the problem that can effectively improve living microorganism content in fertilizer, the invention provides solid carbon high-activity microorganism fertilizer that a kind of fermentation time is short, production efficiency is high and the content of living microorganism is higher and preparation method thereof.
The technical scheme of solid carbon high-activity microorganism fertilizer of the present invention and preparation method thereof is:
One is carbon high-activity microorganism fertilizer admittedly, comprises the raw material of following weight part:
Organic waste residues, 50-60 part;
Biomass auxiliary material, 15-35 part;
Back-mixing material, 20-30 part;
Wood vinegar, 0.1-1.0 part;
Microbiobacterial agent, 0.1-1.0 part;
It is characterized in that, described microbiobacterial agent comprises bacillus thuringiensis and Nocardia bacteria, and the ratio of described bacillus thuringiensis and nocardial inoculum size is 3:1-8:1.
Described organic waste residues is one or more in fowl and animal excrement, food service industry waste residue, biological sludge, and the water ratio of described organic waste residues is lower than 80%.
Described wood vinegar is 0.1 ~ 0.2 weight part, and described microbiobacterial agent is 0.1-0.2 weight part.
Described biomass auxiliary material is straw powder and stalk carbon dust, and wherein said straw powder is 10-20 weight part, and described stalk carbon dust is 5-15 weight part.
The ratio of described bacillus thuringiensis and nocardial inoculum size is 6:1.
Described microbiobacterial agent also comprises subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, white-rot fungi and Phanerochaete chrysosporium;
In described microbiobacterial agent, bacillus thuringiensis and nocardial inoculum size account for 80% of total bacterial classification inoculum size.
The preparation method of described solid carbon high-activity microorganism fertilizer, comprising:
(1) organic waste residues is mixed with biomass auxiliary material, then add push after wood vinegar and microbiobacterial agent mixing;
(2) send pushing the mixing compound obtaining through step (1) into fermenter, in described fermenter, add back-mixing material, controlled fermentation temperature is carried out aerobic fermentation lower than 60 DEG C, until temperature completes fermentation while no longer increasing, completes the grog that fermentation obtains and is finished product.
In fermenter in described step (2), the piling height of compound and back-mixing material is no more than 2m.
Described step is put into compound after fermenter in (2), the back-mixing material that is 10-50cm at the surface coverage thickness of described compound.
In the aerobic fermentation process of described step (2), when the dark 1m of the mixing stockpile place oxygen content in fermenter is lower than 1% time, described compound is carried out to aeration, until oxygen concn is increased to 10%.
The advantage of solid carbon high-activity microorganism fertilizer of the present invention is:
(1) solid carbon high-activity microorganism fertilizer of the present invention, comprises that 50 ~ 60 weight part water ratio are lower than 80% organic waste residues; The straw powder of 15-35 weight part and/or stalk carbon dust; The wood vinegar of 0.1 ~ 0.2 weight part; The back-mixing material of 20 ~ 30 weight parts.The material of back-mixing described in the present invention completes the fertilizer finished product after fermentation, and a part for the grog cleaning out from fermenter can be used as back-mixing material and sends into next preparation section.When fertilizer in first preparation the present invention, do not add described back-mixing material, in the time of operation for the second time, add the fertilizer finished product preparing for the first time, after circulation several times at first, can obtain stable finished product.The present invention is by adding appropriate back-mixing material, and the suitable raw material of other ratio prepares fertilizer jointly, and advantage is: 1, above-mentioned raw materials has suitable water ratio and porosity, has ensured the conveying of oxygen in material, is conducive to the aerobic fermentation of microorganism; Although 2, in above-mentioned raw materials, the temperature-rise period of various raw materials is different, adjust the ratio of each raw material by adding back-mixing material simultaneously, ensure that the intensification route of aerobic composting process meets the thermodynamic (al) principle that heats up, be conducive to the fermentation of microorganism; 3, the present invention is by adding back-mixing material and adjusting the ratio of each raw material, make to pile in body is rapidly heated and can also maintain the long period in the pliotherm period in promotion, and hot stage can be killed parasite and pathogenic bacteria in compost, also be the period that soil ulmin forms simultaneously, therefore the raw material of the definite suitable proportion of this patent had both ensured compost quality, had improved again the total amount of compost finished product.4, in conventional composting process, nitrogen loss rate reaches 30% ~ 50% of total nitrogen, and the present invention is by limiting kind and the proportionlity thereof of raw material, can control preferably nitrogen in compost to accumulate with ammonium nitrogen form, and reduces nitrogen loss.
On the basis of above-mentioned raw materials, the present invention has also added bacillus thuringiensis and/or Nocardia bacteria in raw material, these two kinds of bacterial classifications have purification to aerobic fermentation microorganism, can accelerate aerobic fermentation microbial growth by adding described bacillus thuringiensis and/or Nocardia bacteria, thereby shorten fermentation time, improve fermentation efficiency, and promote the content of microorganism in fertilizer, microbial organic fertilizer fermentation in the present invention is fast, do not need to carry out Secondary Fermentation, do not need digest process of the prior art.Meanwhile, the interpolation of wood vinegar has also been played promoter action to microbial growth, and the living microorganism content of the microbial organic fertilizer in the present invention can reach 100,000,000 (10 × 10
7)/g, be the 3-5 of fertilizer in prior art doubly.Described in control of the present invention, the ratio of bacillus thuringiensis and nocardial inoculum size is 3:1-8:1, advantage is that this ratio can ensure to give full play to the advantage function of inoculation microbial inoculum, can reduce again the competition between the indigenous microorganism in inoculation microbial inoculum and composting process simultaneously, prevent that certain quasi-microorganism from utilizing emulative occupy-place and the ability of squeezing to stop and repel other microorganisms, be conducive to the biocenological diversity of compost, as preferably, the ratio that the present invention also limits described bacillus thuringiensis and nocardial inoculum size is 6:1.
(2) solid carbon high-activity microorganism fertilizer of the present invention, also comprise stalk carbon dust, described stalk carbon dust is being applied to after soil, and the simple substance carbon in described carbon dust can be substantially irreversibly fixed in soil, and the carbon that has increased soil converges, in addition, utilize the fluffy characteristic of stalk carbon dust, the porosity structure of the soil that can also increase sharply, improves the ventilation effect of soil, be conducive to crop root fixed nitrogen and breathing, rapid-action to the improvement of soil.Solid carbon high-activity microorganism fertilizer described in the present invention, in the situation that every mu using 3 tons, carbon remittance increasing amount is no less than 100kg/ ton, and the voidage increase of soil is no less than 30%.
(3) solid carbon high-activity microorganism fertilizer of the present invention, has also added the straw powder of some amount, and described straw powder can increase the content of the nutritions such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, can also effectively reduce the water ratio of compost simultaneously.
(4) solid carbon high-activity microorganism fertilizer of the present invention, also comprises subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, white-rot fungi and Phanerochaete chrysosporium; Described subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, white-rot fungi and Phanerochaete chrysosporium are added simultaneously and have combination advantage, can promote the breeding of bacterial classification, and the combination of above-mentioned bacterial classification can high-efficiency lignin degrading and many persistence and toxic organic pollutant.
In order to make technical solutions according to the invention more be convenient to understand, below in conjunction with embodiment, technical solutions according to the invention are described further.
Embodiment
In the following embodiments, 1 weight part is 100 grams;
embodiment 1
High-activity microorganism fertilizer described in the present embodiment, comprises the raw material of following weight part:
Water ratio is organic fermentation residue of 90%, 50 parts;
Sawdust, 15 parts;
Back-mixing material, 20 parts;
Wood vinegar, 0.1 part;
Bacillus thuringiensis and Nocardia bacteria, 0.1 part;
The ratio of described bacillus thuringiensis and nocardial inoculum size is 3:1;
Organic fermentation residue described in the present embodiment is from pharmaceutical industry.
The preparation method of the high-activity microorganism fertilizer described in the present embodiment, comprising:
1) organic waste residues is mixed with straw powder, then add push after wood vinegar and bacillus thuringiensis, Nocardia bacteria mixing;
2) sending into fermenter through the mixing compound obtaining of step 1) extruding, in described fermenter, add back-mixing material, described compound and back-mixing material are stirred, in fermenter, the piling height of compound and back-mixing material is 3m, controlled fermentation temperature is carried out aerobic fermentation lower than 60 DEG C, when leavening temperature is during higher than 60 DEG C, carry out turning operation once, until temperature completes fermentation while no longer increasing;
3) in fermenter, clear up grog, send into stockyard.
embodiment 2
High-activity microorganism fertilizer described in the present embodiment, comprises the raw material of following weight part:
Water ratio is 85% biological sludge, 60 parts;
Stalk carbon dust, 35 parts;
Back-mixing material, 30 parts;
Wood vinegar, 1 part;
Bacillus thuringiensis and Nocardia bacteria, 1 part;
The ratio of described bacillus thuringiensis and nocardial inoculum size is 8:1;
The preparation method of the high-activity microorganism fertilizer described in the present embodiment, comprising:
1) organic waste residues is mixed with straw powder, then add push after wood vinegar and bacillus thuringiensis, Nocardia bacteria mixing;
2) sending into fermenter through the mixing compound obtaining of step 1) extruding, in described fermenter, add back-mixing material, described compound and back-mixing material are stirred, in fermenter, the piling height of compound and back-mixing material is 2.5m, controlled fermentation temperature is carried out aerobic fermentation lower than 60 DEG C, when leavening temperature is during higher than 60 DEG C, carry out turning operation once, until completing fermentation while no longer increasing, temperature obtains finished product;
3) in fermenter, clear up grog, send into stockyard.
embodiment 3
High-activity microorganism fertilizer described in the present embodiment, comprises the raw material of following weight part:
Water content is 78% fowl and animal excrement, 55 parts;
Straw powder, 10 parts;
Stalk carbon dust, 5 parts;
Back-mixing material, 20 parts;
Wood vinegar, 0.1 part;
Bacillus thuringiensis and Nocardia bacteria, 0.1 part;
The ratio of described bacillus thuringiensis and nocardial inoculum size is 8:1;
The preparation method of the high-activity microorganism fertilizer described in the present embodiment, comprising:
1) organic waste residues is mixed with straw powder, then add push after wood vinegar and bacillus thuringiensis, Nocardia bacteria mixing;
2) sending into fermenter through the mixing compound obtaining of step 1) extruding, in described fermenter, add back-mixing material, described compound and back-mixing material are stirred, in fermenter, the piling height of compound and back-mixing material is 2.5m, controlled fermentation temperature is carried out aerobic fermentation lower than 60 DEG C, when leavening temperature is during higher than 60 DEG C, carry out turning operation once, until completing fermentation while no longer increasing, temperature obtains finished product;
3) in fermenter, clear up grog, send into stockyard.
embodiment 4
A kind of high-activity microorganism fertilizer, comprises the raw material of following weight part:
Water ratio is 80% food service industry organic waste residues, 55 parts;
Straw powder, 20 parts;
Stalk carbon dust, 15 parts;
Back-mixing material, 20 parts;
Wood vinegar, 0.15 part;
Bacillus thuringiensis and Nocardia bacteria, 0.2 part;
The ratio of described bacillus thuringiensis and nocardial inoculum size is 8:1;
The preparation method of the high-activity microorganism fertilizer described in the present embodiment, comprising:
1) organic waste residues is mixed with straw powder and stalk carbon dust, then add push after wood vinegar and bacillus thuringiensis, Nocardia bacteria mixing;
2) sending into fermenter through the mixing compound obtaining of step 1) extruding, the back-mixing material that is 10cm at the surface coverage thickness of described compound, in fermenter, the piling height of compound and back-mixing material is 2m, controlled fermentation temperature is carried out aerobic fermentation lower than 60 DEG C, when leavening temperature is during higher than 60 DEG C, carry out turning operation once, until temperature completes fermentation while no longer increasing;
3) in fermenter, clear up grog, send into stockyard.
embodiment 5
High-activity microorganism fertilizer described in the present embodiment, comprises the raw material of following weight part:
Water ratio is 80% fowl and animal excrement, 60 parts;
Straw powder, 20 parts;
Stalk carbon dust, 15 parts;
Wood vinegar, 0.15 part;
Back-mixing material, 20 parts;
Bacillus thuringiensis, Nocardia bacteria, subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, white-rot fungi and Phanerochaete chrysosporium, 0.2 part;
The ratio of described bacillus thuringiensis and nocardial inoculum size is 6:1, and described bacillus thuringiensis and nocardial inoculum size account for 80% of total bacterial classification inoculum size;
The preparation method of the high-activity microorganism fertilizer described in the present embodiment, comprising:
1) organic waste residues is mixed with straw powder and stalk carbon dust, then add push after wood vinegar and described microbiobacterial agent mixing;
2) sending into fermenter through the mixing compound obtaining of step 1) extruding, the back-mixing material that is 10cm at the surface coverage thickness of described compound, in fermenter, the piling height of compound and back-mixing material is 1.8m, controlled fermentation temperature is carried out aerobic fermentation lower than 60 DEG C, when leavening temperature is during higher than 60 DEG C, carry out turning operation once, until temperature completes fermentation while no longer increasing; The present embodiment also detects the dark 1m of the mixing stockpile place oxygen content in fermenter, when oxygen content is lower than 1% time, described compound is carried out to aeration, until oxygen concn is increased to 10%;
3) in fermenter, clear up grog, send into stockyard.
embodiment 6
High-activity microorganism fertilizer described in the present embodiment, comprises the raw material of following weight part:
Water ratio is 70% fowl and animal excrement, 60 parts;
Straw powder, 20 parts;
Stalk carbon dust, 15 parts;
Wood vinegar, 0.15 part;
Back-mixing material, 30 parts;
Bacillus thuringiensis, Nocardia bacteria, subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, white-rot fungi and Phanerochaete chrysosporium, 0.1 part;
The ratio of described bacillus thuringiensis and nocardial inoculum size is 6:1, and described bacillus thuringiensis and nocardial inoculum size account for 80% of total bacterial classification inoculum size;
The preparation method of the high-activity microorganism fertilizer described in the present embodiment, comprising:
1) organic waste residues is mixed with straw powder and stalk carbon dust, then add push after wood vinegar and microbiobacterial agent mixing;
2) sending into fermenter through the mixing compound obtaining of step 1) extruding, the back-mixing material that is 50cm at the surface coverage thickness of described compound, in fermenter, the piling height of compound and back-mixing material is 1.8m, controlled fermentation temperature is carried out aerobic fermentation lower than 60 DEG C, when leavening temperature is during higher than 60 DEG C, carry out turning operation once, until temperature completes fermentation while no longer increasing; The present embodiment also detects the dark 1m of the mixing stockpile place oxygen content in fermenter, when oxygen content is lower than 1% time, described compound is carried out to aeration, until oxygen concn is increased to 10%;
3) in fermenter, clear up grog, send into stockyard.
Microbiobacterial agent bacillus thuringiensis, Nocardia bacteria, subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, white-rot fungi and Phanerochaete chrysosporium in the present invention are the microbial inoculum from row filter, domestication, cultivation, and in nutrient solution, the colony number of microorganism is 10
6-10
7cfumL
-1, above-mentioned bacterial classification is known bacterial classification, and its training method is known technology.As selectable embodiment, microbiobacterial agent described in the present invention can be also arbitrarily commercially available liquid or the microbial inoculum of powdery, it is 0.1-1.0 weight part that the present invention limits microbiobacterial agent, and object is to regulate the raw material of described microbial organic fertilizer in suitable ratio.
experimental example
In order to confirm technique effect of the present invention, the present invention is provided with experimental example, and in the indices to the high-activity microorganism fertilizer described in the present invention and preparation process, required fermentation time is measured, and result is as follows:
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only for example is clearly described, and the not restriction to embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here exhaustive without also giving all embodiments, and the apparent variation of being extended out thus or variation are still among the protection domain in the invention.