CN1027703C - 钢铁常温快速发黑剂 - Google Patents
钢铁常温快速发黑剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1027703C CN1027703C CN 93119784 CN93119784A CN1027703C CN 1027703 C CN1027703 C CN 1027703C CN 93119784 CN93119784 CN 93119784 CN 93119784 A CN93119784 A CN 93119784A CN 1027703 C CN1027703 C CN 1027703C
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/07—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing phosphates
- C23C22/08—Orthophosphates
- C23C22/12—Orthophosphates containing zinc cations
- C23C22/13—Orthophosphates containing zinc cations containing also nitrate or nitrite anions
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
本发明的钢铁表面常温快速发黑剂,其由铜盐、硒盐、磷酸盐、硝酸盐、柠檬酸盐、碳酰胺和六次甲基四胺的混合液组成。本发明的发黑剂具有溶液稳定、发黑时间短、成膜性能好;本发明的发黑处理工艺具有操作简单、无有害气体产生、常温节能的优点。
Description
本发明涉及金属表面化学处理技术领域,具体地说是涉及钢铁表面进行化学氧化发黑的工艺技术。
在钢铁表面通过发黑剂在表面上形成氧化膜的技术广泛地应用在五金、机械、船舶、仪器仪表、航空和航天工业中,传统的钢铁件表面发黑的工艺处理所用的表面前处理和发黑工艺步骤都是在高温下进行,尤其是发黑工艺采用亚硝酸盐加热体系,在135-142℃浓碱液中煮沸30-60分钟完成发黑过程,因而能耗高、生产周期长,由于高温下浓碱的挥发致使碱雾弥漫,严重污染工作环境,对操作者的身体极为不利。且亚硝酸的毒性会造成环境污染,应尽量避免采用。近年来,国内开始进行常温发黑工艺的开发,以期解决上述问题,但所研制的发黑剂和发黑工艺在使用后制得的表面膜层附着力差,耐蚀性低,发黑剂溶液不稳定,因而它们不能有实用的工业应用价值。
本发明人针对上述存在的问题进行研究,制得一种钢铁表面的发黑剂,这种发黑剂可在常温下使用、成膜时间仅需3-10分钟,且发黑剂溶液稳定,沉淀少。采用本发明的发黑剂的发黑工艺具有在常温下进行,操作简单,而且由此工艺制得的膜层性能好,具有良好的耐蚀性。
因而,本发明的目的就是提供一种常温下使用的钢铁表面发黑剂;另一方面,本发明还提供了一种采用本发明的发黑剂的钢铁表面发黑的工艺方法。
本发明的发黑剂是由(A)4~8g/l的铜(H)盐;(B)4~8g/l的硒盐;(C)7~15g/l的磷酸盐;(D)2~4g/l的硝酸锌或硝酸钾;(E)2~4g/l的柠檬酸盐和(F)5~15ml/l碳酸胺和六次甲基四胺的混合液组成。其中所述的(A)铜(H)盐为铜的硫酸盐,硝酸盐等可溶性盐,如硫酸铜;所述的(B)硒酸盐可选自***盐和二氧化硒;所述的(C)磷酸盐可以是正磷酸盐和磷酸二氢盐;所述的(C)碳酰胺和六次甲基四胺混合液中的碳酰胺和六次甲基四胺的摩尔比例是1∶1~10。
对上述发黑剂的制备方法是按上述比例称量各组份试剂,经分别溶解、混合和搅拌均匀后就可制得本发明的发黑剂。
本发明的发黑工艺是这样的,将经过预处理后清洁表面的钢铁件浸入上述本发明的发黑剂溶液中3~10分钟,即可完成发黑工艺。发黑工艺操作条件是溶液的pH为2.0~3.0,总酸度12~16点、游离酸度4~6点。
下面以实施例说明本发明的发黑剂及本发明的发黑工艺。
实施例:
(1)按下述比例配制本发明的发黑剂:
硫酸铜 7g/l
***钠 8g/l
磷酸二氢锌 12g/l
硝酸钾 3g/l
柠檬酸钠 4g/l
(碳酰胺与六次甲基四胺混合液) 10ml/l
分子比为1∶1
(2)进行钢铁件表面发黑处理过程;
将经过除油、酸洗和漂洗前处理的钢铁件在常温(25℃)下浸入上述配方制得的发黑剂中,于pH=2.0~2.5,总酸度12~16点,游离酸度4~6
点条件下浸泡3~5分钟即可。经观察,溶液稳定,沉淀少。
(3)对膜层的性能测试
1.用3%硫酸铜点滴试验。在15~20℃条件下对上述的发黑钢铁件表面进行硫酸铜点滴实验,在1分钟内未出现变色、铜斑、锈点。由此可见其结果超过了机电部标准WJ533~82规定的32秒钟。
2.3%氯化钠溶液试验,在15~20℃条件下,将上述发黑零件浸泡3小时,无接触铜斑点和锈点。
由以上说明可见,本发明的钢铁常温快速发黑剂,具有发黑时间短、成膜性能好、溶液稳定、沉淀少;本发明的发黑工艺具有无有害气体产生,常温操作,快速简单,该工艺可以完全取代传统的高温碱性发黑工艺。
Claims (6)
1、一种钢铁表面发黑处理剂,它由(A)4~8g/l的铜(H)盐;(B)4~8g/l的硒盐;(C)7~15g/l的磷酸盐;(D)2~4g/l的硝酸锌或硝酸钾;(E)2~4g/l的柠檬酸盐;(F)5~15ml/l的碳酰胺和六次甲基四胺的混合液组成。
2、根据权利要求1所述的处理剂,其中所述的(A)铜盐是铜的硫酸盐、硝酸盐;
3、根据权利要求1所述的处理剂,其中所述的(B)硒盐是***盐或二氧化硒;
4、根据权利要求1所述的处理剂,其中所述的(C)磷酸盐是正磷酸盐和磷酸二氢盐;
5、根据权利要求1所述的处理剂,其中所述的(F)混合液是按碳酰胺和六次甲基四胺的分子比为1∶1~10的比例进行混合。
6、一种钢铁表面的发黑工艺的方法,其特征在于将经表面预处理过的钢铁件在常温下浸入权利要求(1)所述的发黑剂溶液中3~10分钟,调节溶液中的pH=2.0~2.5,总酸度12~16点,游离酸度4~6点。
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CN 93119784 CN1027703C (zh) | 1993-11-10 | 1993-11-10 | 钢铁常温快速发黑剂 |
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CN 93119784 CN1027703C (zh) | 1993-11-10 | 1993-11-10 | 钢铁常温快速发黑剂 |
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CN1085606A CN1085606A (zh) | 1994-04-20 |
CN1027703C true CN1027703C (zh) | 1995-02-22 |
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Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1049253C (zh) * | 1995-07-04 | 2000-02-09 | 吕进东 | 钢铁常温无毒发黑液 |
CN102021548A (zh) * | 2010-12-18 | 2011-04-20 | 江苏德美科技有限公司 | 用于钢铁表面的常温发黑液及配制方法 |
CN103194742B (zh) * | 2013-04-28 | 2014-04-09 | 马鞍山金泉工业介质科技有限公司 | 一种用于金属表面处理的无机-树脂发黑镀膜剂及其制造方法和应用 |
CN104328427A (zh) * | 2014-11-05 | 2015-02-04 | 衡阳市金化科技有限公司 | 一种钢铁发黑剂 |
CN106811742A (zh) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-06-09 | 江苏理工学院 | 一种用于钢铁的常温发黑液及其应用 |
CN108707890A (zh) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-10-26 | 阜南县奋进机械制造有限公司 | 一种钻井机钢铁配件表面发黑处理方法 |
CN109606001A (zh) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-04-12 | 云南乌铜走银文化产业有限公司 | 用于乌铜走银制作过程的做旧剂及其使用方法 |
CN110042378A (zh) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-07-23 | 祝亚琴 | 不锈钢发黑剂 |
CN112363359A (zh) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-02-12 | 昆山丘钛微电子科技有限公司 | 遮光片及其消光处理方法 |
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