Background technology
Along with the mankind's development, the progress of science and technology, the deterioration of environment increases the weight of, and the mankind more and more pay attention to protecting environment, more and more crave for to be full of green life in the living environment, and the city building stand in great numbers, and green landscape also develops to solid space.The soil that urbanization process breaks away from much human, so many people pursue the rural area, serious day by day food problem also forces people to seek the self-centered mode that plants vegetables of family.At present mostly be to deal with these problems with soilless culture.
Mostly the vertical planting mode that applies to gardens at present is to adopt certain three-dimensional member to build skeleton; Fill matrix such as the earth or the peat composed of rotten mosses, rock wool, chad; Earth quality for vertical cultivation is too heavy; Heavy burden requirement to skeleton is very high, can increase input later maintenance inconvenience on the other hand on the one hand.Also there is same problem in some matrix of using at present, and moisture is rising especially easily and loss, has strengthened the input of water resource and has increased the maintenance management cost simultaneously.Except the gardens vertical planting, aspect solid planted vegetables, some matrix of using now must combine some vessel or high investment type equipment, and such as some sophisticated equipments that kitchen garden uses, purchase cost is high, because its limited later stage output in cultivation space is also limited.
The agricultural class uses water-absorbing resin to solve the problem of water conservation aspect, and water-absorbing resin is processed to bulk or graininess more, is used for botanical seedling culturing, drought resisting etc.Aspect vertical planting, do not use water-absorbing resin as yet; And the cultivation field of solid type does not have a kind ofly to have fixedly the cultivation matrix of body can reach plant directly to grow in the above yet, and the materials such as vessel of the member of other auxiliary material of less use such as fix matrix, splendid attire matrix.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to design a kind of novel urea aldehyde-acrylic acid composite cultivation substrate, address the above problem.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme of the present invention's employing is following:
A kind of urea aldehyde-acrylic acid composite cultivation substrate; Comprise resin silk, water-absorption particle and solid matrix; It is inner that said resin silk is entrained in said solid matrix; And said solid matrix is inner all to be dispersed with a large amount of gas micropores with the surface, and said water-absorption particle is fixed on the hole wall of said gas micropore or is scattered in the space of gas micropore.
Said water-absorption particle is the high hydroscopic resin particle, and said resin silk is the acrylic resin silk, and said solid matrix is a UF foamed plastics.
Said UF foamed plastics is to be obtained urea-formaldehyde resin solution and mix stirring foaming and curing with expanding foam solution forming by urea and formaldehyde condensation polymer reaction, and the density of said UF foamed plastics is 0.010-0.020g/cm
3
Said acrylic resin silk is synthetic by acrylic acid ester and methacrylate monomer copolymerization, and the consumption of said acrylic resin silk is every cubic metre of 3kg-5kg.
Said high hydroscopic resin particle is a starch grafted acrylate crosslinking copolymerization composition granule, perhaps acrylamide and acrylic acid salt crosslinking copolymerization composition granule, the perhaps mixture of the two.
The consumption of said high hydroscopic resin particle can be every cubic metre of 2-3kg, and said high hydroscopic resin particle grain size is the 200-800 order.
Said gas micropore is pore structure, and said high hydroscopic resin granulopexy is on the pore wall of said gas micropore.
The preparation method of a kind of urea aldehyde-acrylic acid composite cultivation substrate, the bag step is following:
Step 1 is drawn wire the after-blow of acrylic resin hot melt, and is wound in the flocculent structure in space;
Step 2 obtains urea-formaldehyde resin solution by urea and formaldehyde condensation polymer reaction;
Step 3, the preparation expanding foam solution;
Step 4 stirs said expanding foam solution and produces and add said urea-formaldehyde resin solution after the significant foam and continue to stir, and in the volume of material expansion process, sprays into the high hydroscopic resin particle, and lasting stirring is foamed into the foam thing;
Step 5; Put in type acrylic resin silk in the mold in advance; Then said foam thing is clamp-oned mold and obtain mixture; Mixture solidifies in said mold, simultaneously with the high hydroscopic resin granulopexy on the foam pore wall or be scattered in the space of gas micropore, form urea aldehyde-acrylic acid composite cultivation substrate raw material.
Also comprise step 6, said urea aldehyde-acrylic acid composite cultivation substrate raw material size and shape as required cut moulding.
The present invention provides a kind of urea aldehyde-acrylic acid composite cultivation substrate and preparation method thereof; This matrix can be used for vertical planting and vegetable soilless culture; Thereby solve in the existing soiless and three-dimensional culture because cultivation matrix relies on problems such as vessel or fixed component; Solve that existing matrix vertical cultivation plant is fixed, water conservation, nutrition and problem such as aerobic, solve space constraints, solve the technical problem that water-absorbing resin is used for the plant solid growth.And solving the water resource waste problem of using earth or other matrix to cause, the usefulness problem is hanged down in problem of environmental pollution and high investment.
Beneficial effect of the present invention can be summed up as follows:
The UF foamed plastics that the present invention adopts is to be obtained polymer and add expanding foam solution stirring foaming forming by urea and formolite reaction, and the acrylic resin silk of employing is synthetic by acrylic acid ester and methacrylate monomer copolymerization, and this material surface hardness is moderate; Certain mechanical strength is arranged, add the acrylic resin silk, increased intensity; Not yielding, this material non-toxic, tasteless, good heat resistance have acidproof, alkaline-resisting, corrosion-resistant; Green, environmental protection, characteristics such as pollution-free are arranged, and this material is convenient to processing, production cost is low; Easy to use, also be easy to transportation.The present invention is foamed into UF foamed plastics with urea and formolite reaction adding expanding foam solution; Add the acrylic resin silk; And bubbling air is more conducive to form hole, and the solid structure of this foamed plastics can be as the carrier of fixing plants, and it is that plant root growth provides the growing space that its pore structure stores nutrition, moisture and oxygen; For root system of plant provides oxygen, also certain space is provided for the suction of water-absorbing resin and water storage.The material of this urea and formolite reaction self physicochemical property is suitable for the most plants growth, and compound nutritional can be provided.The high hydroscopic resin particle that the present invention adopts is a kind of functional high molecule material that has a large amount of hydrophilic radicals, and pressurization also was difficult to come out separated form water after imbibition became hydrogel.Its water retention can reduce irrigation water to be used.
Urea aldehyde of the present invention-acrylic acid composite cultivation substrate have production process simple, easy to use, be easy to advantages such as transportation and have advantages such as nontoxic, pollution-free, environmental protection.The structure of the interior distribution acrylic resin silk of UF foamed plastics has higher intensity and is beneficial to the fixing of root system of plant with fixing body; The high hydroscopic resin particle that distributes on hole that foaming forms and the pore wall makes this matrix have effects such as ventilation, water holding, storage nutrition.
It is thus clear that urea aldehyde of the present invention-acrylic acid composite cultivation substrate has the following advantages:
1, is convenient to production and processing and use, is easy to transportation.
2, has the intensity of carrying out the vertical cultivation moulding.
3, the component physicochemical property meets most of plant growing requirement in the matrix.
4, have powerful water conservation, fertile, the oxygen storage capacity of guarantor.
5, have cleaning, environmental protection, free of contamination effect.
6, reduce the use of other matrix, practice thrift earth resource, reduce the use of non-renewable resources.
Embodiment
Clearer for technical problem, technical scheme and beneficial effect that the present invention is solved, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explanation the present invention, and be not used in qualification the present invention.
A kind of urea aldehyde-acrylic acid composite cultivation substrate as shown in Figure 1; Comprise UF foamed plastics (1), acrylic resin silk (2) and high hydroscopic resin particle (3); It is characterized in that: said UF foamed plastics (1) is that urea-formaldehyde resin solution is added expanding foam solution and is blown into air and foams; In the acrylic resin silk (2) of injection moulding, make it the stable foamed plastics solid that acrylic resin silk (2) is rich in inside that becomes through physics or chemical change again.Said acrylic resin silk (2) is by the silk flocculent structure that is wound in after the wire drawing of acrylic resin hot melt.UF foamed plastics (1) inside exists a large amount of gas micropores to be pore structure and is distributed with high hydroscopic resin particle (3), and high hydroscopic resin particle (3) is fixed on UF foamed plastics (1) pore wall.
Said UF foamed plastics is to be obtained urea-formaldehyde resin solution and mix stirring foaming and curing with expanding foam solution forming by urea and formaldehyde condensation polymer reaction, and the density of said UF foamed plastics is 0.010-0.020g/cm
3
Said acrylic resin silk is synthetic by acrylic acid ester and methacrylate monomer copolymerization, and the consumption of said acrylic resin silk is every cubic metre of 3kg-5kg.
Said high hydroscopic resin particle (3) is starch grafted acrylate crosslinking copolymerization composition granule, acrylamide and acrylic acid salt crosslinking copolymerization composition granule or the mixture of the two.The consumption of high hydroscopic resin particle (3) can be every cubic metre of 2~3kg.The particle diameter of high hydroscopic resin particle (3) can be 200~800 orders.
The preparation method of this urea aldehyde-acrylic acid composite cultivation substrate, step is following:
Step 1 is drawn wire the after-blow of acrylic resin hot melt, and is wound in the flocculent structure in space;
Step 2 obtains urea-formaldehyde resin solution by urea and formaldehyde condensation polymer reaction;
Step 3, the preparation expanding foam solution;
Step 4 stirs said expanding foam solution and produces and add said urea-formaldehyde resin solution after the significant foam and continue to stir, and in the volume of material expansion process, sprays into the high hydroscopic resin particle, and lasting stirring is foamed into the foam thing;
Step 5; Put in type acrylic resin silk in the mold in advance; Then said foam thing is clamp-oned mold and obtain mixture; Mixture solidifies in said mold, simultaneously with the high hydroscopic resin granulopexy on the foam pore wall or be scattered in the space of gas micropore, form urea aldehyde-acrylic acid composite cultivation substrate raw material.
Before using this urea aldehyde-acrylic acid cultivation matrix size and shape as required cut moulding and reserved the seed hole, it is fertile to absorb water then, and plant seed or brood body are embedded in this foam solid.
More than through the detailed description of concrete and preferred embodiment the present invention; But those skilled in the art should be understood that; The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment; All within spirit of the present invention and principle, any modification of being done, be equal to replacement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.