CN102706962A - Ultrasonic flaw detection device and flaw detection method for thick-wall headers and pipelines - Google Patents
Ultrasonic flaw detection device and flaw detection method for thick-wall headers and pipelines Download PDFInfo
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- CN102706962A CN102706962A CN2012102313529A CN201210231352A CN102706962A CN 102706962 A CN102706962 A CN 102706962A CN 2012102313529 A CN2012102313529 A CN 2012102313529A CN 201210231352 A CN201210231352 A CN 201210231352A CN 102706962 A CN102706962 A CN 102706962A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ultrasonic flaw detection device and flaw detection method for thick-wall headers and pipelines. The device comprises a pulse ultrasonic flaw detection instrument, an ultrasonic probe and test blocks, wherein the ultrasonic probe is a longitudinal-wave oblique-incidence ultrasonic probe; an included angle between a piezoelectric crystal plate inside a shell and the bottom surface of the shell is 9-11 degrees; each test block comprises a rectangular test block main body; four horizontal through holes of which the diameter is 3mm are vertically formed close to the left side of the test block main body; a test block through hole is formed close to the lower part on the right side of the test block main body; an organic glass cylinder of which the diameter is 50mm is inlaid in the test block through hole; and a small sector test block of which a central angle is 90 degrees and a big sector test block of which a central angle is 90 degrees protrude from the upper part of the right side surface of the test block main body. The ultrasonic flaw detection device and the flaw detection method can be use for detecting the weld defects of the thick-wall headers and pipelines in large-scale thermal generator sets or in other industries by 100 percent, ensures the 100 percent of overall inspection on butt welds, and overcomes the defect of miss detection of the conventional transverse wave detection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Non-Destructive Testing UT (Ultrasonic Testing) field, the device and method that particularly a kind of heavy wall header and weld defect on the pipeline that detects in large-scale thermal power machine group or other industry used.
Background technology
Along with the develop rapidly of science and technology, the capacity of the thermal power generation unit in the Thermal Power Station is increasing, and existing at present 600MW～1000MW unit is putting into operation.Be accompanied by the increase of unit, the wall thickness of the heavy wall header of large-scale unit and pipeline (steam-water separator, main steam header and pipeline) also strengthens relatively, and what have increases to 110mm.These heavy wall headers and pipeline are because size and design feature can not normally detect by the requirement of existing ultrasound examination rules.Need detect a flaw by two-sided bilateral greater than the butt-weld of 46mm such as required thickness in the existing ultrasound examination rules; Like this could complete detection weld seam; Yet because the diameter of the heavy wall header of large-scale unit and pipeline is less relatively; Do not have bigger manhole door again,, can only carry out the single face two-sided test in the outside so can't detect a flaw in the inboard.
When test in the outside, generally with the less probe of K value, detect such as the K1 probe for thicker workpiece.Facts have proved that adopt the K1 probe can only detect the weld seam bottom, if adopt the secondaries check, then the K1 probe can only be transferred in the test block about 120mm, does not reach more than the 200mm at all, the area on weld seam top about 40% belongs to omission (referring to Fig. 4).If adopt two probes, promptly add the K2 probe in addition and carry out the secondary flaw detection, weld seam still has 20%～30% area to can not get detecting (referring to Fig. 5).
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of heavy wall header and pipe ultrasonic wave inspection device and method of detection, the thickness of heavy wall header and pipeline that solve large-scale unit is during greater than 46mm, the technical matters that the weld seam on heavy wall header and the pipeline can't complete detection.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose; The present invention adopts following technical scheme: a kind of heavy wall header and pipe ultrasonic wave inspection device; Comprise soniscope, ultrasonic probe and test block; Wherein ultrasonic probe includes housing, entrant sound voussoir, socket, piezoelectric chip and acoustic absorbant; It is characterized in that: said ultrasonic probe is a compressional wave oblique incidence ultrasonic probe, and the angle of the piezoelectric chip of its enclosure interior and housing bottom surface is 9 °～11 ° (make voussoir to organic glass, can obtain 20 °～25 ° refraction angles in steel).
Said test block comprises the test block main body of a rectangular shape; The width of this test block main body is 200mm; Highly be 120mm, thickness is 40mm, and this test block main body side position that keeps left vertically is arranged at intervals with the horizontal through hole that four diameters are 3mm; Distance between the center of circle of adjacent two horizontal through holes is 30mm; This test block main body on the right side on the lower side the position be provided with a test block through hole, it is the big fan-shaped test block that 90 ° little fan-shaped test block and central angle is 90 ° that the organic glass right cylinder that to be inlaid with a diameter in the test block through hole be 50mm, the right flank upper position of this test block main body are extruded with a central angle; The radius of said little fan-shaped test block is 50mm, and the radius of said big fan-shaped test block is 100mm.
The center of circle of said longitudinal hole is 40mm to the distance of the left surface of test block main body, and the center of circle that is positioned at the longitudinal hole of highest point is 10mm to the distance of the end face of test block main body.
The cylindrical center of circle of said organic glass is 35mm to the distance of the right flank of test block main body, and the cylindrical center of circle of organic glass is 30mm to the distance of the bottom surface of test block main body.
Said piezoelectric chip is of a size of and is not less than 13mm * 13mm.
The frequency of said ultrasonic probe is between 1.8MHz～2.5MHz.
Said soniscope is analog pulse ultra-sonic defect detector or digit pulse ultra-sonic defect detector.
A kind of method of detection of using above-mentioned heavy wall header and pipe ultrasonic wave inspection device is characterized in that step is following: step 1, debug with test block and ultrasonic probe paired pulses ultra-sonic defect detector; Step 2, make apart from amplitude curve with ultrasonic probe and ultra-sonic defect detector and test block; Step 3, the weld seam on heavy wall header and the pipeline is carried out the scanning of defective, quantitatively and the location with ultrasonic probe and ultra-sonic defect detector.
In the said step 1; Earlier ultrasonic probe is placed on the circle centre position of little fan-shaped test block and big fan-shaped test block; The incidence point of test ultrasonic probe; Promptly draw the distance L 0 of the incidence point of probe main beam to the probe forward position, the then sweep velocity through the debugging of the automatic sweep apparatus on soniscope soniscope is moved ultrasonic probe after then; When the Main beam that sends when ultrasonic probe is got to the organic glass right cylinder; The horizontal range L3 of the cylindrical circle centre position of the incidence point of measuring sonde main beam to organic glass, thus utilize tg β=L3 ÷ L4 to draw the compressional wave refraction angle β of probe main beam in steel, and said L4 is the distance of test block upper surface to the cylindrical circle centre position of organic glass.
Compared with prior art the present invention has following characteristics and beneficial effect: the present invention has designed large-angle inclined incident ultrasonic probe of a kind of compressional wave and ultrasonic test block a kind of and that this probe adapts; And a kind of defect detection on ultrasonic basis that adapts with it, heavy wall header and weld defect pipeline on of the present invention in can 100% detection large-scale thermal power machine group.
The angle of piezoelectric chip in the ultrasonic probe among the present invention and housing bottom surface is 9 °～11 °; This angle is to be directed against organic glass as voussoir, and by formula sin α/sin β=L1/L2 calculates, in this formula; α is the incident angle of probe main beam in organic glass; Be piezoelectric chip and the angle (9 °～11 °) of housing bottom surface in the ultrasonic probe, said β is the compressional wave refraction angle of probe main beam in steel, the main beam angle of promptly popping one's head in (20 °～25 °); Said L1 is probe main beam longitudinal wave velocity in organic glass, and said L2 is the longitudinal wave velocity of probe main beam in steel.Adopted after this angle, when detecting weld seam, just can guarantee to pop one's head in the main beam angle between 20 °～25 °.The design considerations of the ultrasonic probe among the present invention is: because of the root of weld is prone to the harmfulness defective, for root of weld defective, the testing staff is the position of generally paying attention to; Thereby design concept is to make every effort to a wave energy to detect the root of weld, adopts secondaries check weld seam middle part and top defective, in view of the above; Selected 20 °～25 ° longitudinal wave probe through mapping or computing method; Referring to Fig. 6, probe can detect A-D place root defect when the X position, when probe moves on to the Y position; It is the top defective that the Main beam secondaries begins to check the D-B place; When probe moved on to the Z position, it was that the whole welding line check finishes that Main beam is checked the B-C place, has so just guaranteed 100% complete examination of butt-weld.
Owing to adopted the ultrasonic probe among the present invention; Existing test block can not meet the demands when carrying out work such as test probe performance, instrument testing; So the present invention has also designed a kind of new test block, the needs of test probe performance have been solved with the adjustment instrument.Test block among the present invention has two benefits: 1, after having adopted the ultrasonic probe among the present invention; Existing test block can not meet the demands; Such as the radius in the test block of former CSK-I type is that the angle that the little fan-shaped test block of 50mm and big fan-shaped test block that radius is 100mm are all adopted is 65 °; Ultrasonic probe among the present invention just can not be used with it; And the test block among the present invention is provided with little fan-shaped test block and the radius that radius is 50mm is the big fan-shaped test block of 100mm; And the angle of little fan-shaped test block and big fan-shaped test block is 90 °, and 90 ° fan-shaped test block can adapt with 20 °～25 ° probe main beam angle, so can satisfy the requirement of the ultrasonic probe among the present invention fully; Simultaneously; Consider that detected object is the heavy wall header, if adopt the short hole of Φ 1 Χ 6 in the CSK-III to seem that sensitivity is too high, this can cause that wound is declared in the too much influence of clutter on the video screen; So with reference to the DL/T820-2002 standard; And the RB test block in the reference standard, the horizontal through hole of employing Φ 3 Χ 40mm just can satisfy the requirement of flaw detection.2, convenient debugging; Test block among the present invention combines the function (with 3 Χ of the Φ in test block of CSK-I and the RB test block, 40 throughhole portions comprehensively together) of test block of CSK-I and RB test block; That is to say; Adopted a test block among the present invention, just can accomplish needs two work that test block could be accomplished originally.
The present invention has also comprised the method for coming the flaw detection of the weld seam on 100% inspection heavy wall header and the pipeline with ultrasonic probe among the present invention and test block, has overcome the disadvantage of shear wave detection omission.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is done further detailed explanation.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the ultrasonic probe among the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that the master of the test block among the present invention looks synoptic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the schematic top plan view of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 adopts the K1 probe to detect the synoptic diagram of weld seam.
Fig. 5 adopts the K2 probe to detect the synoptic diagram of weld seam.
Fig. 6 is the synoptic diagram that adopts the ultrasonic probe detection weld seam among the present invention.
Reference numeral: 1-housing, 1.1-housing bottom surface, 2-entrant sound voussoir, 3-socket, 4-piezoelectric chip, 5-acoustic absorbant, the horizontal through hole of 6-, 7-organic glass right cylinder, the big fan-shaped test block of 8-, the little fan-shaped test block of 9-, 10-test block main body.
Embodiment
Embodiment is referring to shown in Figure 1, and this heavy wall header and pipe ultrasonic wave inspection device comprise soniscope, ultrasonic probe and test block; Wherein ultrasonic probe includes housing 1, entrant sound voussoir 2, socket 3, piezoelectric chip 4 and acoustic absorbant 5; Said ultrasonic probe is a compressional wave oblique incidence ultrasonic probe, and the piezoelectric chip 4 of its enclosure interior is 9 °～11 ° with the angle a of housing bottom surface 1.1, that is to say; Said ultrasonic probe is a kind of wide-angle ultrasonic longitudinal wave probe; In the present embodiment, piezoelectric chip 4 is of a size of and is not less than 13mm * 13mm, and the frequency of ultrasonic probe is between 1.8MHz～2.5MHz.
Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 3; Said test block comprises the test block main body 10 of a rectangular shape, and the width of this test block main body 10 is 200mm, highly is 120mm; Thickness is 40mm; This test block main body 10 side position that keeps left vertically is arranged at intervals with the horizontal through hole 6 that four diameters are 3mm, and the distance between the center of circle of adjacent two horizontal through holes 6 is 30mm, this test block main body 10 on the right side on the lower side the position be provided with a test block through hole; The organic glass right cylinder 7 that to be inlaid with a diameter in the test block through hole be 50mm (organic glass right cylinder 7 is the wringing fit structure with the test block through hole); It is the big fan-shaped test block 8 that 90 ° little fan-shaped test block 9 and central angle is 90 ° that the right flank upper position of this test block main body 10 is extruded with a central angle, and the radius of said little fan-shaped test block 9 is 50mm, and the radius of said big fan-shaped test block 8 is 100mm.The material of said test block is generally steel by selecting with or the close material of the velocity of sound identical by the spy workpiece, and the profile of test block and size are pressed Fig. 2, Fig. 3 processing, and described four horizontal through holes are reflection hole.
In the present embodiment, the center of circle of horizontal through hole 6 is 40mm to the distance of the left surface of test block main body 10, and the center of circle that is positioned at the horizontal through hole of highest point is 10mm to the distance of the end face of test block main body 10.The center of circle of organic glass right cylinder 7 is 35mm to the distance of the right flank of test block main body 10, and the center of circle of organic glass right cylinder 7 is 30mm to the distance of the bottom surface of test block main body 10.
Said soniscope is analog pulse ultra-sonic defect detector or digit pulse ultra-sonic defect detector.
The method of detection of above-mentioned heavy wall header of this application and pipe ultrasonic wave inspection device, its step is following: step 1, debug with test block and ultrasonic probe paired pulses ultra-sonic defect detector; Step 2, make apart from amplitude curve with ultrasonic probe and ultra-sonic defect detector; Step 3, with ultrasonic probe and ultra-sonic defect detector to the weld seam on heavy wall header and the pipeline carry out defective quantitatively and the location.
In the said step 1; Earlier ultrasonic probe is placed on the circle centre position (when promptly the R50-R100mm reflection wave is the strongest on video screen) of little fan-shaped test block 9 and big fan-shaped test block 8; The incidence point of test ultrasonic probe; Promptly draw the distance L 0 of the incidence point of probe main beam to the probe forward position, the then sweep velocity through the debugging of the automatic sweep apparatus on soniscope soniscope is moved ultrasonic probe after then; When the Main beam that sends when ultrasonic probe is got to organic glass right cylinder 7; The horizontal range L3 of the cylindrical circle centre position of the incidence point of measuring sonde main beam to organic glass, thus utilize tg β=L3 ÷ L4 to draw the compressional wave refraction angle β of probe main beam in steel, and said L4 is the distance of test block upper surface to the cylindrical circle centre position of organic glass.In addition, also can draw the compressional wave refraction angle of probe main beam in steel with reference to the way of a shear wave probing K value.
In the said step 2; If heuristic piece by upside with probe; It is that the horizontal through hole (being the longitudinal hole of lower side among Fig. 2) at 100mm place is made as first point that the probe primary reflection is aimed at the degree of depth, after move probe use respectively secondaries make respectively the degree of depth as the horizontal through hole at 140mm, 170mm, 200mm, 230mm place second, third, the 4th, the 5th apart from amplitude curve.Require to draw evaluation line, quantitative line, declare scrap wire (because sweep velocity is pressed the compressional wave adjustment, thereby displayed value is not a depth value on video screen) with reference to rules.If heuristic piece by downside with probe; It is that the horizontal through hole (being the horizontal through hole of top side among Fig. 2) at 110mm place is made as first point that the probe primary reflection is aimed at the degree of depth, after move probe use respectively secondaries make respectively the degree of depth as the horizontal through hole at 130mm, 160mm, 190mm, 220mm place second, third, the 4th, the 5th apart from amplitude curve.Require to draw evaluation line, quantitative line, declare scrap wire (because sweep velocity is pressed the compressional wave adjustment, thereby displayed value is not a depth value on video screen) with reference to rules.
In the said step 3; When finding defective in the detection; Quantitatively can carrying out with reference to the conventional shear wave method of inspection of defective declared and hinders according to carrying out by the DL/T820-2002 standard, and the K value can be converted to the actual measurement head angle earlier in the location of defective; Position by the shear wave detection method again, also can position with reference to the method for shear wave check.
Claims (8)
1. heavy wall header and pipe ultrasonic wave inspection device; Comprise soniscope, ultrasonic probe and test block; Wherein ultrasonic probe includes housing (1), entrant sound voussoir (2), socket (3), piezoelectric chip (4) and acoustic absorbant (5); It is characterized in that: said ultrasonic probe is a compressional wave oblique incidence ultrasonic probe, and the piezoelectric chip of its enclosure interior (4) is 9 °～11 ° with the angle (a) of housing bottom surface (1.1);
Said test block comprises the test block main body (10) of a rectangular shape; The width of this test block main body (10) is 200mm; Highly be 120mm, thickness is 40mm, and this test block main body (10) side position that keeps left vertically is arranged at intervals with the horizontal through hole (6) that four diameters are 3mm; Distance between the center of circle of adjacent two horizontal through holes (6) is 30mm; This test block main body (10) on the right side on the lower side the position be provided with a test block through hole, it is the big fan-shaped test block (8) that 90 ° little fan-shaped test block (9) and central angle is 90 ° that the organic glass right cylinder (7) that to be inlaid with a diameter in the test block through hole be 50mm, the right flank upper position of this test block main body (10) are extruded with a central angle; The radius of said little fan-shaped test block (9) is 50mm, and the radius of said big fan-shaped test block (8) is 100mm.
2. heavy wall header according to claim 1 and pipe ultrasonic wave inspection device; It is characterized in that: the center of circle of said horizontal through hole (6) is 40mm to the distance of the left surface of test block main body (10), and the center of circle that is positioned at the horizontal through hole of highest point is 10mm to the distance of the end face of test block main body (10).
3. heavy wall header according to claim 1 and pipe ultrasonic wave inspection device; It is characterized in that: the center of circle of said organic glass right cylinder (7) is 35mm to the distance of the right flank of test block main body (10), and the center of circle of organic glass right cylinder (7) is 30mm to the distance of the bottom surface of test block main body (10).
4. heavy wall header according to claim 1 and pipe ultrasonic wave inspection device is characterized in that: said piezoelectric chip (4) is of a size of and is not less than 13mm * 13mm.
5. heavy wall header according to claim 1 and pipe ultrasonic wave inspection device, it is characterized in that: the frequency of said ultrasonic probe is between 1.8MHz～2.5MHz.
6. heavy wall header according to claim 1 and pipe ultrasonic wave inspection device is characterized in that: said soniscope is analog pulse ultra-sonic defect detector or digit pulse ultra-sonic defect detector.
7. method of detection of using heavy wall header described in the aforesaid right requirement 1 and pipe ultrasonic wave inspection device is characterized in that step is following:
Step 1, debug with test block and ultrasonic probe paired pulses ultra-sonic defect detector;
Step 2, make apart from amplitude curve with ultrasonic probe and ultra-sonic defect detector;
Step 3, with ultrasonic probe and ultra-sonic defect detector to the weld seam on heavy wall header and the pipeline carry out defective quantitatively and the location.
8. the method for detection of application heavy wall header according to claim 7 and pipe ultrasonic wave inspection device; It is characterized in that: in the said step 1; Earlier ultrasonic probe is placed on the circle centre position of little fan-shaped test block (9) and big fan-shaped test block (8); The incidence point of test ultrasonic probe; Promptly draw the distance L 0 of the incidence point of probe main beam to the probe forward position, the then sweep velocity through the debugging of the automatic sweep apparatus on soniscope soniscope is moved ultrasonic probe after then; When the Main beam that sends when ultrasonic probe is got to organic glass right cylinder (7); The horizontal range L3 of the cylindrical circle centre position of the incidence point of measuring sonde main beam to organic glass, thus utilize tg β=L3 ÷ L4 to draw the compressional wave refraction angle β of probe main beam in steel, and said L4 is the distance of test block upper surface to the cylindrical circle centre position of organic glass.
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| CN103336054A (en) * | 2013-06-03 | 2013-10-02 | 北京工业大学 | Ultrasonic Lamb wave-based butt weld nondestructive testing method |
| CN104567759A (en) * | 2013-10-11 | 2015-04-29 | 中国有色（沈阳）冶金机械有限公司 | Ultrasonic detection method for zero clearance degree |
| CN109282768A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2019-01-29 | 大连理工大学 | Gas hydrates pipeline blockage cross section profile detection method and the device for implementing this method |
| CN110702790A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-01-17 | 成都主导科技有限责任公司 | Ultrasonic probe for remote acoustic distance detection |
| CN111239251A (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2020-06-05 | 国网吉林省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Ultrasonic detection method for defects at welding position of through-wall pipe of peak shaving unit |
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| CN104567759A (en) * | 2013-10-11 | 2015-04-29 | 中国有色（沈阳）冶金机械有限公司 | Ultrasonic detection method for zero clearance degree |
| CN104567759B (en) * | 2013-10-11 | 2017-05-17 | 中国有色（沈阳）冶金机械有限公司 | Ultrasonic detection method for zero clearance degree |
| CN109282768A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2019-01-29 | 大连理工大学 | Gas hydrates pipeline blockage cross section profile detection method and the device for implementing this method |
| CN109282768B (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2019-11-08 | 大连理工大学 | Gas hydrates pipeline blockage cross section profile detection method and the device for implementing this method |
| CN110702790A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-01-17 | 成都主导科技有限责任公司 | Ultrasonic probe for remote acoustic distance detection |
| CN111239251A (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2020-06-05 | 国网吉林省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Ultrasonic detection method for defects at welding position of through-wall pipe of peak shaving unit |
| CN111239251B (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2023-04-28 | 国网吉林省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Ultrasonic detection method for defects of welding positions of wall penetrating pipes of peak shaving unit |
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Application publication date: 20121003 |