CN111239251B - Ultrasonic detection method for defects of welding positions of wall penetrating pipes of peak shaving unit - Google Patents

Ultrasonic detection method for defects of welding positions of wall penetrating pipes of peak shaving unit Download PDF

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CN111239251B
CN111239251B CN202010205195.9A CN202010205195A CN111239251B CN 111239251 B CN111239251 B CN 111239251B CN 202010205195 A CN202010205195 A CN 202010205195A CN 111239251 B CN111239251 B CN 111239251B
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wall
ultrasonic
pipe
detection probe
wall penetrating
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CN111239251A (en
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杜好阳
孙勇
崔伦
李宝聚
胡博
张双楠
唐永贺
李一木
王磊
高悦敏
王泽�
武志威
赵子谦
陈晓明
罗桓桓
李凤强
窦文雷
李德鑫
王佳蕊
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
State Grid Liaoning Electric Power Co Ltd
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Jilin Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Jilin Electric Power Corp
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
State Grid Liaoning Electric Power Co Ltd
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Jilin Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Jilin Electric Power Corp
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04Analysing solids
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/22Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
    • G01N29/28Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details providing acoustic coupling, e.g. water
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/26Scanned objects
    • G01N2291/267Welds
    • G01N2291/2675Seam, butt welding
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30Nuclear fission reactors

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an ultrasonic detection method for defects of welding positions of wall penetrating pipes of a peak shaver set, and belongs to the field of nondestructive detection. The same batch of original tube manufacturing test blocks of the wall penetrating tube to be detected are utilized; designing a detection probe with radian, performing sensitivity adjustment by using a test block, and measuring an AVG curve and a DAC curve; selecting a K1 probe to detect by using secondary waves; selecting a K2 probe to detect by using primary waves; selecting a creeping wave probe to detect butt welding seams of the wall penetrating pipes, detecting welding seams at the joint of the wall penetrating pipes with defects and the sleeve, and judging whether the defects are expanded to the wall penetrating pipes or not; and analyzing to obtain a detection result. The method has the advantages that defects at welding positions of the wall penetrating pipes such as the heating surface pipe of the peak shaver set can be effectively detected, the detection result is accurate, the detection is not easy to leak, the problem of defect detection at the welding positions of the wall penetrating pipes of the reheater of the peak shaver set is solved, and the method has a guarantee effect on safe operation of the power generation boiler of the thermal power plant.

Description

Ultrasonic detection method for defects of welding positions of wall penetrating pipes of peak shaving unit
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of nondestructive detection, and particularly relates to an ultrasonic detection method for mounting and operating defects of a sealing weld joint of a wall penetrating pipe of a reheater of a peak shaver set, which is used for detecting defects of welding positions of wall penetrating pipes such as a heating surface pipe of the peak shaver set.
Background
The power generation boiler of the thermal power plant is designed with wall penetrating pipes, the normal working temperature of the wall penetrating pipes is above 550 ℃, and in order to avoid damage to pipelines caused by vibration generated in the running process of the pipes, the wall penetrating pipes are welded and fixed by using sleeves. Because the welding position is limited, original defects such as unfused, incomplete penetration, cracks and the like can be generated during welding; for a unit with defects, the load fluctuation of the unit is large and the start-stop times are large during peak shaving, and the defects are easily generated at the positions of the welding seams of the sleeve and extend downwards along the welding junctions. If the defects cannot be found in time and processed, leakage occurs, and the unit cannot work normally. At present, besides the control in the welding process, the detection of weld defects of the wall-through pipe usually only focuses on the measurement of the running pipe wall, and the sleeve connected with the running pipe through welding is omitted. In the field, the welded part of the sleeve connected with the running pipeline is easy to generate defects, and can extend downwards along with the welded part, so that leakage and pipe explosion accidents are finally caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an ultrasonic detection method for defects at welding positions of wall pipes of a peak shaver set, which aims to solve the problem of defect detection at welding positions of the wall pipes of reheaters of the peak shaver set.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the method comprises the following steps:
(1) The same batch of original tube manufacturing test blocks of the wall penetrating tube to be detected are utilized;
(2) Designing a detection probe with radian, and improving the fitting degree of the probe and the pipeline;
(3) Selecting a proper coupling agent to ensure that ultrasonic energy is transmitted into a sample to be detected;
(4) Performing sensitivity adjustment by using a test block, and measuring an AVG curve and a DAC curve;
(5) Selecting a K1 probe to detect a welding seam at the joint of the wall pipe and the sleeve by using secondary waves and a butt welding seam;
(6) Selecting a K2 probe to detect a welding seam at the joint of the wall pipe and the sleeve by using primary waves;
(7) Selecting a creeping wave probe to detect butt welding seams of the wall penetrating pipes, detecting welding seams at the joint of the wall penetrating pipes with defects and the sleeve, and judging whether the defects are expanded to the wall penetrating pipes or not;
(8) The detection result is obtained by analyzing all detection signals.
The ultrasonic detection probe consists of a sound absorption material, an inclined wedge, a damping block, a shell, a cable and a piezoelectric wafer, wherein the outer curvature of the inclined wedge is designed to have the radius of 10mm, 15mm, 20mm, 30mm, 40mm, 60mm and 80mm according to the size of a wall penetrating pipe of a thermal power plant, and the radian size is fixed according to the width of the probe, so that the chord length is fixed;
the detection method of the K1 ultrasonic detection probe comprises the following steps: the ultrasonic wave beam is generated by the piezoelectric wafer, is injected into the wall penetrating pipe wall at an angle of 45 degrees through the wedge, and reaches the fillet weld or butt weld of the wall penetrating pipe and the sleeve after two reflections. When a defect exists at the weld joint, the ultrasonic beam is reflected at the defect to form an echo along the original path, and the ultrasonic detection probe receives signals and transmits the signals to the oscilloscope through the cable; when there is no defect, the ultrasonic beam will propagate along the casing wall through the weld.
The detection method of the K2 ultrasonic detection probe comprises the following steps: the ultrasonic wave beam is generated by the piezoelectric wafer, is injected into the wall of the through-wall pipe at an angle of 71.6 degrees through the wedge, and reaches the fillet weld or butt weld of the through-wall pipe and the sleeve after primary reflection. When the weld joint has a defect, the ultrasonic beam can reflect at the defect to form an echo along the original path, and the ultrasonic detection probe receives signals and transmits the signals to the oscilloscope through the cable; when there is no defect, the ultrasonic beam will propagate along the casing wall through the weld.
The detection method of the creeping wave ultrasonic detection probe is that; the ultrasonic wave beam is generated by the piezoelectric wafer, is injected into the wall pipe at a certain angle through the wedge, and propagates along the wall of the wall pipe. When a defect exists at a fillet weld joint between the wall penetrating pipe and the sleeve pipe and the fillet weld joint is expanded to the wall of the wall penetrating pipe or when a defect exists at a butt weld joint of the wall penetrating pipe, an ultrasonic beam can reflect at the defect to form an echo along an original path, and an ultrasonic detection probe receives a signal and transmits the signal to an oscilloscope through a cable; when there is no defect, the ultrasonic beam will propagate along the casing wall through the weld.
The ultrasonic detection method for the welding line installation and operation defects of the wall penetrating pipe of the peak shaver set reheater has the advantages that the ultrasonic detection method can effectively detect the welding line defects of the wall penetrating pipe such as the heating surface pipe of the peak shaver set, the detection result is accurate, the detection is not easy to miss, the problem of defect detection of the welding line of the wall penetrating pipe of the peak shaver set reheater is solved, and the safety operation of a power generation boiler of a thermal power plant is guaranteed.
Drawings
FIG. 1a is a view of an ultrasonic probe configuration of the present invention and a probe of one gauge curvature, with a radius of 10mm;
FIG. 1b is a view of an ultrasonic probe configuration of the present invention and another gauge of a probe of 40mm radius;
FIG. 1c is a view of an ultrasonic probe configuration of the present invention and another gauge of a probe of radius 80mm;
FIG. 2a is a schematic illustration of the detection of a fillet weld by the K1 ultrasonic probe of the present invention;
FIG. 2b is a schematic illustration of the detection of a butt weld by the K1 ultrasonic inspection probe of the present invention;
FIG. 3a is a schematic illustration of the detection of a fillet weld by the K2 ultrasonic probe of the present invention;
FIG. 3b is a schematic illustration of the detection of a butt weld by the K2 ultrasonic detection probe of the present invention;
FIG. 4a is a schematic view of a creeping wave ultrasonic inspection probe of the present invention inspecting a fillet weld;
fig. 4b is a schematic view of a creeping wave ultrasonic inspection probe of the present invention inspecting a butt weld.
Detailed Description
Comprises the following steps:
(1) The same batch of original tube manufacturing test blocks of the wall penetrating tube to be detected are utilized;
(2) Designing a detection probe with radian, and improving the fitting degree of the probe and the pipeline;
(3) Selecting a proper coupling agent to ensure that ultrasonic energy is transmitted into a sample to be detected;
(4) Performing sensitivity adjustment by using a test block, and measuring an AVG curve and a DAC curve;
(5) Selecting a K1 probe to detect a welding seam at the joint of the wall pipe and the sleeve by using secondary waves and a butt welding seam;
(6) Selecting a K2 probe to detect a welding seam at the joint of the wall pipe and the sleeve by using primary waves;
(7) Selecting a creeping wave probe to detect butt welding seams of the wall penetrating pipes, detecting welding seams at the joint of the wall penetrating pipes with defects and the sleeve, and judging whether the defects are expanded to the wall penetrating pipes or not;
(8) The detection result is obtained by analyzing all detection signals.
The ultrasonic detection probe consists of a sound absorption material, an inclined wedge, a damping block, a shell, a cable and a piezoelectric wafer, wherein the outer curvature of the inclined wedge is designed into 7 specifications with the radius of 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 60 and 80 (mm) according to the size of a wall penetrating pipe of a thermal power plant, and the radian size is designed according to the fact that the width of the probe is fixed so that the chord length is fixed;
the detection method of the K1 ultrasonic detection probe comprises the following steps: the ultrasonic wave beam is generated by the piezoelectric wafer, is injected into the wall penetrating pipe wall at an angle of 45 degrees through the wedge, and reaches the fillet weld or butt weld of the wall penetrating pipe and the sleeve after two reflections. When a defect exists at the weld joint, the ultrasonic beam is reflected at the defect to form an echo along the original path, and the ultrasonic detection probe receives signals and transmits the signals to the oscilloscope through the cable; when there is no defect, the ultrasonic beam will propagate along the casing wall through the weld.
The detection method of the K2 ultrasonic detection probe comprises the following steps: the ultrasonic wave beam is generated by the piezoelectric wafer, is injected into the wall of the through-wall pipe at an angle of 71.6 degrees through the wedge, and reaches the fillet weld or butt weld of the through-wall pipe and the sleeve after primary reflection. When the weld joint has a defect, the ultrasonic beam can reflect at the defect to form an echo along the original path, and the ultrasonic detection probe receives signals and transmits the signals to the oscilloscope through the cable; when there is no defect, the ultrasonic beam will propagate along the casing wall through the weld.
The detection method of the creeping wave ultrasonic detection probe is that; the ultrasonic wave beam is generated by the piezoelectric wafer, is injected into the wall pipe at a certain angle through the wedge, and propagates along the wall of the wall pipe. When a defect exists at a fillet weld joint between the wall penetrating pipe and the sleeve pipe and the fillet weld joint is expanded to the wall of the wall penetrating pipe or when a defect exists at a butt weld joint of the wall penetrating pipe, an ultrasonic beam can reflect at the defect to form an echo along an original path, and an ultrasonic detection probe receives a signal and transmits the signal to an oscilloscope through a cable; when there is no defect, the ultrasonic beam will propagate along the casing wall through the weld.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
When in field ultrasonic detection on the wall penetrating pipe, firstly, a standard test block is manufactured by using the same batch of original pipe of the wall penetrating pipe to be detected, and K1 and K2 angles of an ultrasonic detection probe under the material are obtained through analysis and calculation through the propagation rule of ultrasonic waves in the standard test block, echo signal amplitude values and the like, and a corresponding creeping wave probe is selected. And carrying out ultrasonic detection by using test blocks with defects in different positions and different sizes, drawing an AVG curve and a DAC curve, and taking the AVG curve and the DAC curve as reference standards for actual detection signal analysis. See fig. 1 a-1 c;
the ultrasonic detection probe consists of a sound absorption material, an inclined wedge, a damping block, a shell, a cable and a piezoelectric wafer, wherein the outer curvature of the inclined wedge is designed into 7 specifications with the radius of 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 60 and 80 (mm) according to the size of a wall penetrating pipe of a thermal power plant, and the radian size is designed according to the fact that the chord length is fixed due to the fact that the width of the probe is fixed;
according to the size of the on-site to-be-detected through-wall pipe, ultrasonic detection probes with different bending degrees are selected, corrosion, dirt and the like within 30mm of the detection position of the through-wall pipe are required to be removed before measurement, so that the detected position is as smooth as possible, and the minimum requirement of ultrasonic detection on surface roughness is met. After the water-soluble molecular material couplant is smeared on the detection part, the ultrasonic detection probe is placed on the couplant, so that the ultrasonic detection probe is tightly attached to the pipe wall to be detected.
Firstly, selecting a K1 ultrasonic detection probe with radian, detecting a welding line at the joint of the wall pipe and the sleeve by using a secondary wave signal, if the butt welding line exists in the wall pipe section, detecting the butt welding line again, and recording the amplitude change of the measurement signal. K1 ultrasonic detection probe detection is shown in figures 2 a-2 b;
the ultrasonic wave beam is generated by the piezoelectric wafer, is injected into the wall penetrating pipe wall at an angle of 45 degrees through the wedge, and reaches the fillet weld or butt weld of the wall penetrating pipe and the sleeve after two reflections. When a defect exists at the weld joint, the ultrasonic beam is reflected at the defect to form an echo along the original path, and the ultrasonic detection probe receives signals and transmits the signals to the oscilloscope through the cable; when there is no defect, the ultrasonic beam will propagate along the casing wall through the weld.
And selecting a K2 ultrasonic detection probe with radian, detecting a welding line at the joint of the wall pipe and the sleeve by using a primary wave signal, if the butt welding line exists in the wall pipe section, detecting the butt welding line again, and recording the amplitude change of the measurement signal. K2 ultrasonic detection probe detection is shown in figures 3 a-3 b;
the ultrasonic wave beam is generated by the piezoelectric wafer, is injected into the wall of the through-wall pipe at an angle of 71.6 degrees through the wedge, and reaches the fillet weld or butt weld of the through-wall pipe and the sleeve after primary reflection. When the weld joint has a defect, the ultrasonic beam can reflect at the defect to form an echo along the original path, and the ultrasonic detection probe receives signals and transmits the signals to the oscilloscope through the cable; when there is no defect, the ultrasonic beam will propagate along the casing wall through the weld.
And if the welding line at the joint of the wall pipe and the sleeve is defective, selecting a creeping wave detection probe to detect again, and recording the amplitude change of the measurement signal. The creeping wave ultrasonic detecting probe is shown in figures 4 a-4 b;
the ultrasonic wave beam is generated by the piezoelectric wafer, is injected into the wall pipe at a certain angle through the wedge, and propagates along the wall of the wall pipe. When a defect exists at a fillet weld joint between the wall penetrating pipe and the sleeve pipe and the fillet weld joint is expanded to the wall of the wall penetrating pipe or when a defect exists at a butt weld joint of the wall penetrating pipe, an ultrasonic beam can reflect at the defect to form an echo along an original path, and an ultrasonic detection probe receives a signal and transmits the signal to an oscilloscope through a cable; when there is no defect, the ultrasonic beam will propagate along the casing wall through the weld.
And finally, calculating and comparing the recorded detection signals with the AVG curve and the DAC curve to obtain a detection result.

Claims (2)

1. An ultrasonic detection method for defects at welding positions of wall penetrating pipes of a peak shaver set is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) The same batch of original tube manufacturing test blocks of the wall penetrating tube to be detected are utilized;
(2) Designing an ultrasonic detection probe with radian, wherein the ultrasonic detection probe comprises a K1 ultrasonic detection probe, a K2 ultrasonic detection probe and a creeping wave ultrasonic detection probe, and the bonding degree of the ultrasonic detection probe and a pipeline is improved;
(3) Selecting a proper coupling agent to ensure that ultrasonic energy is transmitted into a sample to be detected;
(4) Performing sensitivity adjustment by using a test block, and measuring an AVG curve and a DAC curve;
(5) Selecting a K1 ultrasonic detection probe to detect a welding seam and a butt welding seam at the joint of the wall pipe and the sleeve by using secondary waves;
the detection method of the K1 ultrasonic detection probe comprises the following steps: the ultrasonic wave beam is generated by the piezoelectric wafer, is injected into the wall of the through-wall pipe through the inclined wedge at an angle of 45 degrees, and reaches the fillet weld or butt weld of the through-wall pipe and the sleeve after two reflections; when a defect exists at the weld joint, the ultrasonic beam is reflected at the defect to form an echo along the original path, and the K1 ultrasonic detection probe receives signals and transmits the signals to the oscilloscope through the cable; when there is no defect, the ultrasonic beam will propagate along the casing wall through the weld;
(6) Selecting a K2 ultrasonic detection probe to detect a welding seam at the joint of the wall pipe and the sleeve by using primary waves;
the detection method of the K2 ultrasonic detection probe comprises the following steps: the ultrasonic wave beam is generated by the piezoelectric wafer, is injected into the wall of the through-wall pipe through the inclined wedge at an angle of 71.6 degrees, and reaches the fillet weld or butt weld of the through-wall pipe and the sleeve after primary reflection; when the weld joint has a defect, the ultrasonic beam is reflected at the defect to form an echo along the original path, and the K2 ultrasonic detection probe receives signals and transmits the signals to the oscilloscope through the cable; when there is no defect, the ultrasonic beam will propagate along the casing wall through the weld;
(7) Selecting a creeping wave ultrasonic detection probe to detect butt welding seams of the wall penetrating pipes, detecting welding seams at the joint of the wall penetrating pipes with defects and the sleeve, and judging whether the defects extend to the wall penetrating pipes or not;
the detection method of the creeping wave ultrasonic detection probe is as follows; ultrasonic wave beams are generated by the piezoelectric wafer, are emitted into the wall penetrating pipe through the wedge at a certain angle and spread along the pipe wall of the wall penetrating pipe; when a defect exists at a fillet weld joint between the wall penetrating pipe and the sleeve pipe and the fillet weld joint is expanded to the wall of the wall penetrating pipe or when a defect exists at a butt weld joint of the wall penetrating pipe, an ultrasonic beam can be reflected at the defect to form an echo along an original path, and a creeping wave ultrasonic detection probe receives a signal and transmits the signal to an oscilloscope through a cable; when there is no defect, the ultrasonic beam will propagate along the casing wall through the weld;
(8) The detection result is obtained by analyzing all detection signals.
2. The ultrasonic detection method for defects at welding positions of wall pipes of peak shaver sets according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the ultrasonic detection probe in the step (2) consists of a sound absorption material, an inclined wedge, a damping block, a shell, a cable and a piezoelectric wafer, wherein the outer curvature of the inclined wedge is designed to have the radius of 10mm, 15mm, 20mm, 30mm, 40mm, 60mm and 80mm according to the size of a wall penetrating pipe of a thermal power plant, and the radian size is designed according to the fact that the width of the ultrasonic detection probe is fixed, so that the chord length is fixed.
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CN111458406B (en) * 2019-12-31 2021-06-29 南京晨光集团有限责任公司 Ultrasonic detection method for austenitic stainless steel fillet weld
CN112305073B (en) * 2020-10-26 2024-01-19 西安热工研究院有限公司 Ultrasonic detection method for weld toe cracks of sliding pair of boiler heating surface pipe

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