CN102696300B - Method for water seepage, salt discharge and afforestation of low-humidity saline and alkaline beach and application of method - Google Patents
Method for water seepage, salt discharge and afforestation of low-humidity saline and alkaline beach and application of method Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for water seepage, salt discharge and afforestation of a low-humidity saline and alkaline beach. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) performing landscape micro-terrain modeling finishing on a saline and alkaline land parcel to be governed to form orographic uplift afforestation areas and low-lying water catchment and salt discharge areas, and excavating drainage ditches in a direction from high to low; (2) turning over the earth surface; (3) excavating flexible water seepage and salt discharge tape burying ditches; (4) arranging flexible water seepage and salt discharge tapes at the bottoms of the ditches; (5) forming intersected water barrier ridges; (6) adding an organic fertilizer, and plowing and harrowing a surface layer; (7) arranging integrated flexible salt discharge and air permeation shafts; and (8) cultivating and sowing saline-alkali-resistant arbor-shrub-grass plants on saline and alkaline land which is comprehensively governed and improved. A set of feasible comprehensive technical method is provided for the comprehensive governance and afforestation of saline and alkaline land in large areas; and the method is favorable for improving the afforestation effect and level of saline and alkaline areas.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to desertification control and ecotope reparation field, particularly a kind of saline and alkali land improvement method and application thereof.
Background technology
Low humidity saline land, particularly beach saline land subterranean water level and salt content high, because top layer have accumulated a large amount of salinity, soil physical property worsens, structure viscous, the consolidation that hardens, air capacity of soils is poor, osmotic coefficient is low, capillarity is strong, aerobic microbial activity is poor in soil, more causes the saliferous aggravation of topsoil, and being unfavorable for even should growth and development of plants, for artificial constructed vegetation, ubiquity physiological drought, death of burning.For many years to improvement and the improvement in saline land, mostly follow the natural law of " salt comes with water, salt goes with water ", carry out necessary Drainage of salt measure, in conjunction with the method such as biological modification, chemical modifying, have received good effect, but due to China's scarcity of fresh water resources, large-area washing salinity by irrigation is unrealistic, and easily repeatedly.In addition, the saline alkali land drainage measure cost of constructing system is higher, and take gutter drainage that saline land block comminute is broken, and open drain is too much, stifled phenomenon of collapsing is difficult to avoid.Light and shade is in conjunction with in drainage pattern, and hidden pipe is conventional without sand cement pipe, plain concrete pipe, pvc pipe, soft bourdon tube etc., and wherein applying maximum is without sand cement pipe, and its salt discharge row alkali effect is better, but easy fragmentation, cost are higher.Other tubing need the operation such as sand-gravel cushion and filtrate parcel mostly, and operation is more, drops into larger.The many difficult problems existed in administering for above salt-alkali shoaly land, propose a kind of method using salt-alkali shoaly land infiltration salt discharge and afforestation.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problem, the object of the present invention is to provide the infiltration salt discharge of a kind of low humidity salt-alkali shoaly land and afforestation method.
In order to realize the object of the invention, a kind of low humidity salt-alkali shoaly land infiltration salt discharge of the present invention and afforestation method, it specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) on saline and alkaline plot to be administered according to landscape planning and later-stage utilization direction, take lowly to dig the mode that height fills out and carry out the moulding of view mima type microrelief, form orographic uplift green belt and low-lying charge for remittance salt discharge district, and according to excavation drain ditch, direction from high to low;
Described spacing of drainage ditches is preferably 20-40m, and the degree of depth is from earth's surface 1-1.5m.
(2) turn over after fertilizer is added on the top layer, plot behind excavation drain ditch;
Described fertilizer is preferably acid fertilizer; Ploughing depth is preferably 20-40cm, turns over and organic manure can be translated into bottom.
(3) in the plot after turning over, evenly excavate flexible infiltration salt discharge band perpendicular to drain ditch and bury ditch underground;
Ditch buried underground by described infiltration salt discharge band, and preferably, furrow width 40-50cm, ditch depth 40-60cm, ditch spacing 4-10m, bottom of trench longitudinal gradient compares 0.8-1%.
(4) the salt discharge band that flexibility seeped water is placed in bottom of trench, communicates, backfilled by earth excavation with drain ditch is vertical; Floor map laid by described flexibility infiltration salt discharge band, as shown in Figure 1.
Spacing of drainage ditches is greater than to the plot of 20m, infiltration salt discharge band can take " people " font paving mode, and permeate draining by centre to both sides, at the bottom of hillside ditch, longitudinal gradient is than 0.8-1%, as shown in Figure 6.
Described flexibility infiltration salt discharge band, as shown in Figure 2, it is " bamboo raft " type bag be formed by connecting by the lattice room of more than 1, and described lattice room is the netted bag be made up of non-degradable fabric.
Preferably, described lattice room is 1-4 group, and each lattice room width is 7.85-15.7cm.More preferably, lattice room is 3 groups, and each lattice room width is 15.7cm.
Preferably, described " bamboo raft " type bag adopts whole block material to make, and bag is long is 3-5m.Described non-degradable fabric is PP type fibrous material, as one or more in PP type fiber, Fypro or nylon fibre.The mesh size of bag ensures that filler can not spill.
The volcanic rock of the mixing particle diameter of particle diameter 1-5cm, rubble or one or more fillers in the building waste of the mixing particle diameter of cracking and sorting are filled with in described " bamboo raft " type bag bag; Be preferably the volcanic rock of the mixing particle diameter of 1-5cm; Filler accounts for the 85-95% of bag volume, is more preferably 90%; After filling, width is 5-40cm, and thickness is 5-10cm.
(5) on the plot of reincarnate, arrange in length and breadth block the water furrow ridge;
The described water furrow ridge of blocking can retain natural rainfall, after 3-5 heavy rain, the salinity in thin solum is got rid of through the permeable band of salt discharge, drain ditch with rain.As sky drought without rain and the duration limited, under water source of fresh water easily condition, the mode of manually watering can be adopted to carry out the pouring desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, water permeable 2-3 time.1-5 should carry out before expectation, makes full use of natural rainfall and carries out the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, save limited freshwater resources.
(6) after step (5), again add organic manure, and carry out the cultivated rake in top layer, make topsoil and fertilizer Homogeneous phase mixing;
(7), after step (6), plot is laid the flexible salt discharge of integral type and to breathe freely vertical shaft, strengthen the permeable effect of salt discharge of plot entirety;
As shown in Figure 3, the flexible salt discharge of described integral type vertical shaft of breathing freely makes cylindrical mesh bag with non-degradable fabric, and the diameter of described bag is preferably 2-10cm, and length is preferably 0.5-1m; One or more fillers in the mixing particle diameter volcanic rock of particle diameter 1-5cm, rubble or building waste are filled with in bag; Described filler accounts for the 85-95% of bag volume.Lay requirement, waiting to administer every 0.5-2m in saline land
2beat the circular hole on vertical earth's surface, aperture and the degree of depth and the flexible salt discharge of integral type vertical shaft diameter of breathing freely is suitable with length, and vertical shaft of the salt discharge of integral type flexibility being breathed freely is implanted.Also can lay in conjunction with greening of planting, in planting hole periphery or region of planting, lay the flexible salt discharge of integral type to breathe freely vertical shaft, its diameter and length can be determined flexibly according to practical situations and cost.Described non-degradable fabric is the one in PP type fiber, Fypro or nylon fibre.
(8) according to afforestation requirement, plant in the saline land through the comprehensive regulation and improvement, sow the careless plant of Salt And Alkali Tolerance Qiao filling.
Described Salt And Alkali Tolerance Qiao fills with careless plant and is preferably: middle mountain China fir, swamp cypress, Luan Shu, Chinese wax, ligustrum lucidum ait, dry land willow, Chinese tamarisk, pagatpat, horsetail beefwood, shrubby flase indigo, the sea ice rose of Sharon, alkali are fluffy, one or more in alkali cogongrass or Chinese small iris.
After described step (6), before step (7), also comprise the Fine green manure crop of plantation one season Salt And Alkali Tolerance.
Present invention also offers said method and administer the application in low humidity salt-alkali shoaly land.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
Need not ditch and do tableland, mustn't planting soil be replaced, the normal development growth of greening seedling can be ensured, avoid because saline land displacement planting soil causes new destruction; The saline land infiltration salt discharge expense of new technology reduces nearly more than 30% than traditional measures expense; Save diafiltration material more than 60%, avoid rubble filtrate job site short distance a dead lift and backfill, efficiency of construction improves nearly 2 times; In method, packing material can substitute with the building waste through cracking and sorting, has newly warded off the utilization ways that building waste is new; Flexible infiltration salt discharge band has the advantage of entire body infiltration draining, greatly improves infiltration salt discharge efficiency; The flexible salt discharge of integral type is breathed freely vertical shaft, has the uneven modification performance of good reply, and infiltration, salt discharge, permeability are lastingly stable; For the comprehensive regulation of large area saline land and greening provide a set of feasible complex art method, be conducive to improving varieties in saline-alkali areas afforestation effect and level; Saline and alkaline soil after comprehensive reformation, the green plants kind of suitable growth is more, improves the present situation that saline-alkali soil forestation green plant species is on the low side; By reasonable arrangement working procedure, make full use of and carry out the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching rainy season, greatly save freshwater resources in short supply; Reasonable arrangement is planted the time, plant before planting one season saline land green manure crop, can effectively improve saline and alkaline soil fertility level and physicochemical property.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that floor map laid by flexible infiltration salt discharge band.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of flexible infiltration salt discharge band.
Fig. 3 A is that integral type infiltration salt discharge vertical shaft and well plane lay schematic diagram, and wherein, circular hole is sectional shaft face; Fig. 3 B is infiltration salt discharge vertical shaft.
Fig. 4 is that traditional Saline-alkali Field Control lays closed drainage schematic cross-sectional view, and wherein, middle circular diagram is closed drainage cross-sectional view.
Fig. 5 is that new departure lays flexible infiltration salt discharge band schematic cross-sectional view, and wherein, middle 3 circular diagrams are the present invention's flexibility infiltration salt discharge band cross-sectional view.
Fig. 6 is that side schematic view laid in flexible infiltration salt discharge band " people " font.
Fig. 7 is that schematic cross-sectional view laid by shallow-layer intensive infiltration salt discharge band, and wherein, label 9 is the present invention's flexibility infiltration salt discharge band cross-sectional view.
Fig. 8 is that greening seedling is planted schematic diagram.
Fig. 9 is that schematic diagram laid by the form a team miniature vertical shaft of district integral type infiltration salt discharge of planting of shrub.
Figure 10 is that schematic diagram laid by the plant miniature vertical shaft of salt discharge that to seep water with integral type of arbor.
Wherein, 1 is flexible infiltration salt discharge band; 2 is the miniature vertical shaft of integral type infiltration salt discharge; 3 is drain ditch; 4 bury ditch underground for hidden pipe; 5 is hidden pipe; 6 is that ditch buried underground by flexible infiltration salt discharge band; 7 is flexible infiltration salt discharge band; 8 is that " people " font lays flexible infiltration salt discharge band; 9 is single form flexibility infiltration salt discharge band; 10 is arbor planting hole; 11 to plant district for shrub; 12 shrubs for planting.
Embodiment
Following examples for illustration of the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.Without departing from the spirit and substance of the case in the present invention, the amendment do the inventive method, step or condition or replacement, all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
If do not specialize, the conventional means that technological means used in embodiment is well known to those skilled in the art.
The traditional saline-alkali soil treatment method of embodiment 1
See Fig. 1 and Fig. 4.
1, on saline and alkaline plot to be administered according to excavation drain ditch, direction 3 from high to low, drain ditch 3 according to landform lay, be convenient to draining.Drain ditch 3 spacing 20m, the degree of depth is from earth's surface 1m.
2, the plot Surface mulch farm animal excrement compost (10m behind excavation drain ditch 3
3/ mu), machinery is turned over, ploughing depth 30cm, organic manure is translated into bottom.
3, in the plot after turning over, evenly excavate hidden pipe perpendicular to drain ditch and bury ditch 4 underground, furrow width 40cm, ditch depth 40cm, ditch spacing 5m, bottom of trench longitudinal gradient is than 0.8%.
4, bottom of trench adopts 5cm blotter, and adopted by hidden pipe 5 boring pvc pipe to be laid on bed course, filtrate wrapped row water pipe, backfill rubble buries drainpipe, backfill earth excavation.
Compared with traditional administering method, new method is buried bottom of trench underground at the hidden pipe of excavation and is laid flexible infiltration salt discharge band, backfill earth excavation.Flexible infiltration salt discharge band 1 is made up of 3 groups of lattice rooms, and the flat width in each lattice room is 7.85cm, long 5m, and fill the mixing Stone of particle diameter 2-3cm in bag, filler accounts for 85% of bag volume.
Compared with traditional administering method, new method decreases the rear operation such as blotter, filtrate parcel of trench digging, saves diafiltration material more than 60%, avoids rubble filtrate job site short distance a dead lift and backfill, efficiency of construction improves nearly 2 times, and comprehensive regulation expense reduces by more than 30%.Meanwhile, the flexibility infiltration salt discharge band that new method adopts has entire body infiltration draining advantage, greatly improves infiltration salt discharge efficiency.
Embodiment 2 the present invention program 1 (saline land, Hekou District, Shandong project)
1, close physical relief at saline land agllutination to be administered, according to landscape planning and greenbelt construction requirements, take the low view mima type microrelief sculpting method digging height and fill out, form the low-lying water catchment area of 3 draining salt discharges, gathering ground accounts for 12.7% of total improvement area.According to excavation drain ditch, direction from high to low, and lead to low-lying water catchment area, be convenient to draining.Drain ditch 3 spacing 40m, the degree of depth is from earth's surface 1.2m.
2, the plot Surface mulch farm animal excrement compost (10m behind excavation drain ditch
3/ mu) afterwards machinery turn over, ploughing depth 20cm, organic manure is translated into bottom.
3, in the plot after turning over, evenly excavate flexible infiltration salt discharge band perpendicular to drain ditch 3 and bury ditch underground, furrow width 40cm, ditch depth 40cm, ditch spacing 6m.
4, the salt discharge band that flexibility seeped water is placed in bottom of trench, and take " people " font paving mode, permeate draining by centre to both sides, at the bottom of hillside ditch, longitudinal gradient is than 1%.Take overlapping mode to be connected, lap of splice 10cm, earth excavation is backfilled.Flexible infiltration salt discharge band is made up of 3 groups of lattice rooms, and long 5m, the flat width in each lattice room is 7.85cm.Fill the mixing Stone of particle diameter 2-3cm in bag, filler accounts for 90% of bag volume.Flexible infiltration salt discharge band " people " font lays 8 side schematic views as shown in Figure 6.
5, on the plot of reincarnate, arrange in length and breadth block the water furrow ridge, retain natural rainfall, after 3-5 heavy rain, make the salinity in thin solum with rain through the permeable band of salt discharge, drain ditch eliminating.
6, at the plot Surface mulch straw compost (5m after the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching
3/ mu), carry out top layer and plough rake, make topsoil and fertilizer Homogeneous phase mixing.
7, according to afforestation requirement, afforestation on the saline land through the comprehensive regulation and improvement, plant in orographic uplift region dry land willow, Chinese wax and Fast growth poplar, seeding row spacing 3m*3m.Arrange the flexible salt discharge of integral type at arbor planting hole periphery to breathe freely vertical shaft, at 20cm place, planting hole both sides, symmetrically to punch, aperture 5.5cm, degree of depth 1m.Be 5cm by diameter, length is that the flexible salt discharge of integral type of 1m is breathed freely in vertical shaft implant holes, and this vertical shaft is the cylindrical pocket made by high-strength polyamide, and in bag, packing material is 2-3cm mixing Stone, as shown in Figure 10.Close to water catchment area low humidity ecological region planting reed.
After the comprehensive regulation, according to detection, administer soil, district salt content by 6.0 ‰ before administering with drop to 2.9 ‰, plant percent of planting reaches more than 90%, for this area's shelterbelt construction and saline-alkali soil forestation greening provide the technical system of a set of mature and feasible, effectively improve Regional Urban Greening level and ecotope.
Hekou District, embodiment 3 the present invention program 2 Shandong Province
This example is supplementing example 2, i.e. shallow-layer intensive infiltration salt discharge mode, improves the efficiency of entire system infiltration salt discharge.By the flexibility be made up of the 3 groups of lattice rooms infiltration salt discharge band in ground 4 step in example 2, change the monomer infiltration salt discharging pipe be made up of 1 lattice room into, lay spacing and be reduced into 2m by 6m, form shallow-layer intensive infiltration salt discharge mode.
Compared with example 2, on equal basis of dropping into, drainage belt Distance Shortened 3 times, infiltration salt discharge efficiency improves nearly more than 20% on the original basis.
Hekou District, embodiment 4 the present invention program 3 Shandong
This example is the improvement to example 2, both plants configuration method optimizing.After embodiment 2 the 6th step, plant one season Salt And Alkali Tolerance Fine green manure crop, after ploughing deeply slaking, carry out afforestation.Even for orographic uplift district seeding row spacing to be planted the plants configuration mode of arbor, change into and to plant Salt And Alkali Tolerance arbor along infiltration salt discharge band both sides isosceles triangle, irregular all kinds of Salt And Alkali Tolerance shrub of planting of forming a team between infiltration salt discharge band, enrich afforestation collocation form further, promote Afforestation Landscape effect, wherein transplanted seedling tree and the salt discharge of integral type flexibility breathe freely vertical shaft with the use of.
Arbor is planted: excavate planting hole and nursery stock of planting, planting hole spacing 3m along infiltration salt discharge band 1 both sides, distance infiltration drainage belt 1.5m.At 20cm place, planting hole both sides, symmetrical punching, aperture 5.5cm, degree of depth 1m; Be 5cm by diameter, length is that the flexible salt discharge of integral type of 1m is breathed freely in vertical shaft implant holes, and packing material is 2-3cm mixing Stone, as shown in Figure 8.
Shrub is planted: plant in district arbor, and irregular laying shrub is formed a team district 8 of planting, as shown in Figure 8.To plant shape according to design, make a call to the hole of the dark 60cm of a diameter 3.5cm at the every 1.5m of area inside of planting; Breathe freely in vertical shaft implant holes by flexible for the integral type of diameter 3cm length 60cm salt discharge, packing material is 1-2cm mixing Stone, and shrub is mainly planted and spends more Chinese tamarisk, as shown in Figure 9.
Compared with example 2, by saline alkali land drainage system is combined with plant setting collocation form, further increase the utilization ratio of saline land infiltration salt discharge facility, effectively can improve the long-term storage rate of plant and year increment.Meanwhile, by optimizing plants configuration mode, enhance green belt hierarchical structure, larger improves greening level and landscape effect.
Embodiment 5 the present invention program 4 (Hetao area, the Yellow River, the Inner Mongol)
1, on saline and alkaline plot to be administered, unified with nature landform, according to later-stage utilization direction, soil, takes the low view mima type microrelief sculpting method digging height and fill out, and forms the low-lying water catchment area of 5 draining salt discharges, and gathering ground accounts for 17.5% of total improvement area.By excavation drain ditch, direction from high to low, drain ditch communicates with low-lying water catchment area.Spacing of drainage ditches 20m, the degree of depth is from earth's surface 1m.
2, the plot Surface mulch farm animal excrement compost (10m behind excavation drain ditch
3/ mu) afterwards machinery turn over, ploughing depth 30cm, organic manure is translated into bottom.
3, in the plot after turning over, evenly excavate flexible infiltration salt discharge band perpendicular to drain ditch and bury ditch underground, furrow width 50cm, ditch depth 50cm, ditch spacing 8m.
4, the salt discharge band that flexibility seeped water is placed in bottom of trench, and take " people " font paving mode, permeate draining by centre to both sides, at the bottom of hillside ditch, longitudinal gradient is than 0.8%.Take overlapping mode to be connected, lap of splice 30cm, earth excavation is backfilled.Flexible infiltration salt discharge band is made up of 3 groups of lattice rooms, and long 4m, the flat width in each lattice room is 10cm.Fill the broken building waste of mixing particle diameter of particle diameter 3-5cm in bag, filler accounts for 80% of bag volume.Flexible infiltration salt discharge band " people " font lays 8 side schematic views as shown in Figure 6.
5, on the plot of reincarnate, arrange in length and breadth block the water furrow ridge, retain natural rainfall, make full use of the rainy season precipitation desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, make the salinity in thin solum with rain through the permeable band of salt discharge, drain ditch get rid of.
6, at the plot Surface mulch straw compost (8m after the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching
3/ mu), carry out top layer and plough rake, make topsoil and fertilizer Homogeneous phase mixing.
7, the plot beyond water catchment area low-lying after comprehensive improvement is laid salt discharge to breathe freely vertical shaft, strengthen the permeable effect of salt discharge of plot entirety.The flexible salt discharge of integral type vertical shaft diameter of breathing freely is 5cm, length 80cm, and fill 2-3cm mixing particle diameter volcanic rock in bag, filler accounts for 95% of bag volume.Every 1.5m
2beat the circular hole on vertical earth's surface, aperture 5.5cm, degree of depth 90cm, vertical shaft of flexible for integral type salt discharge being breathed freely vertically is implanted.
8, excavate planting hole and the large bar nursery stock of Populus popular of planting along infiltration salt discharge band both sides, form forest belt, planting hole spacing 2.5m, distance infiltration drainage belt 1.5m.At 20cm place, planting hole both sides, symmetrical punching, aperture 11cm, degree of depth 1m; Be 10cm by diameter, length is that the flexible salt discharge of integral type of 1m is breathed freely in miniature vertical shaft implant holes, and packing material is 3-5cm mixing particle diameter volcanic rock.After the comprehensive regulation and improvement, can plant in forest belt economic forest or drilling forage crop, as economic forest and forage crop such as sea-buckthorn, arrow-leaved oleaster, red building, Chinese sorghums.。
After the comprehensive regulation, administer district's plough horizon basicity decline 11.0-13.5%, total alkalinity decline 0.15-0.17cmol/kg, pH value decline 1.2-2.1, total salt decline 2.1-3.5 ‰, forest belt survival rate reaches more than 85%, and land area of one unit economic benefit on average improves 30-40%.
9, the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite not departing from the technology of the present invention principle; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. the infiltration salt discharge of low humidity salt-alkali shoaly land and an afforestation method, it specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) on saline and alkaline plot to be administered, carry out the moulding of view mima type microrelief arrange, form orographic uplift green belt and low-lying charge for remittance salt discharge district, according to excavation drain ditch, direction from high to low;
(2) turn over after fertilizer is added on the top layer, plot behind excavation drain ditch;
(3) in the plot after turning over, evenly excavate flexible infiltration salt discharge band perpendicular to drain ditch and bury ditch underground;
(4) the salt discharge band that flexibility seeped water is placed in bottom of trench, communicates, backfilled by earth excavation with drain ditch is vertical;
(5) on the plot of reincarnate, arrange in length and breadth block the water furrow ridge;
(6) after step (5), again add organic manure, and carry out the cultivated rake in top layer, make topsoil and fertilizer Homogeneous phase mixing;
(7), after step (6), plot is laid the flexible salt discharge of integral type and to breathe freely vertical shaft;
(8) according to afforestation requirement, plant in the saline land through the comprehensive regulation and improvement, sow the careless plant of Salt And Alkali Tolerance Qiao filling;
Wherein, step (4) described flexibility infiltration salt discharge band is the netted bag of " bamboo raft " type adopting high strength non-degradable fabric to make; Bag is long is 3-5m; It adopts, and whole block material is knitting to be formed, and is made up of 1-4 group lattice room, and the flat width in each lattice room is 7.85-15.7cm;
The volcanic rock of the mixing particle diameter of particle diameter 1-5cm, rubble or one or more fillers in the building waste of the mixing particle diameter of cracking and sorting are filled with in described " bamboo raft " type bag; Filler accounts for the 85-95% of bag volume; After filling, width is 5-40cm, and thickness is 5-10cm;
Step (1) described spacing of drainage ditches is 20-40m, and the degree of depth is from earth's surface 1-1.5m;
Step (2) described fertilizer is acid fertilizer; Ploughing depth is 20-40cm;
Step (3) described infiltration salt discharge band buries ditch underground, furrow width 40-50cm, ditch depth 40-60cm, ditch spacing 4-10m, and bottom of trench longitudinal gradient compares 0.8-1%;
Spacing of drainage ditches is greater than to the plot of 20m, " people " font paving mode taked by infiltration salt discharge band, permeates draining by centre to both sides;
In step (7), waiting to administer every 0.5-2m in saline land
2beat the circular hole on vertical earth's surface, aperture and the degree of depth and the salt discharge of integral type flexibility vertical shaft diameter of breathing freely is suitable with length;
The flexible salt discharge of the described integral type of step (7) vertical shaft of breathing freely adopts high strength non-degradable fabric to make cylindrical mesh bag, and diameter is 2-10cm, length 0.5-1m; One or more fillers in the mixing particle diameter volcanic rock of particle diameter 1-5cm, rubble or building waste are filled with in bag; Described filler accounts for the 85-95% of bag volume;
Step (8) described Salt And Alkali Tolerance Qiao fills with that careless plant is that middle mountain China fir, swamp cypress, Luan Shu, Chinese wax, ligustrum lucidum ait, dry land willow, Chinese tamarisk, pagatpat, horsetail beefwood, shrubby flase indigo, the sea ice rose of Sharon, alkali are fluffy, one or more in alkali cogongrass or Chinese small iris.
2. method described in claim 1 is administering the application in low humidity salt-alkali shoaly land.
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| CN103181258B (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2015-06-03 | 江苏大丰盐土大地农业科技有限公司 | Saline-alkali soil improvement method |
| CN103583106A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-02-19 | 上海创博生态工程有限公司 | Method for biologically improving saline-alkali soil |
| CN104718907A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2015-06-24 | 天津港海湾园林绿化有限公司 | Seeding planting technology for tamarix chinensis in dredger fill original soil area |
| CN103782761A (en) * | 2014-01-15 | 2014-05-14 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for building artificial pasture in low-humidity saline and alkaline land |
| CN104115650B (en) * | 2014-07-03 | 2016-08-03 | 北京林大林业科技股份有限公司 | A kind of saline land greening method |
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| CN105638199B (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2018-11-06 | 山东省林业科学研究院 | A method of the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching of catchmenting water conservation improves the beach saline land quick growing species of trees surrival rate of afforestation |
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| CN112385348B (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2022-05-13 | 山东农业大学 | Method for treating high-saline-alkali soil by using salt resistance and salt discharge of reed |
| CN113892316B (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2022-10-11 | 东营市农业科学研究院 | Saline-alkali soil improvement and treatment system and well forming and slotting method thereof |
| CN117730649B (en) * | 2023-12-29 | 2024-06-11 | 山东省水利科学研究院 | Saline-alkali soil improvement method based on local treatment |
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