CN102690958A - Nickel-cobalt smelting furnace and nickel-cobalt smelting process - Google Patents
Nickel-cobalt smelting furnace and nickel-cobalt smelting process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102690958A CN102690958A CN2012101950553A CN201210195055A CN102690958A CN 102690958 A CN102690958 A CN 102690958A CN 2012101950553 A CN2012101950553 A CN 2012101950553A CN 201210195055 A CN201210195055 A CN 201210195055A CN 102690958 A CN102690958 A CN 102690958A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- heater
- oxygen
- nickel
- sulfonium
- slag
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a nickel-cobalt smelting furnace and a nickel-cobalt smelting process. The nickel-cobalt smelting furnace comprises a furnace body and an oxygen lance, wherein a furnace chamber is limited in the furnace body; the furnace body is provided with a feeding opening, a smoke outlet, a sulfonium outlet, a slag hole and an oxygen lance inserting hole formed at the bottom of the furnace body; and the oxygen lance is inserted in the oxygen lance inserting hole and used for blowing the oxygen-rich gas into a sulfonium layer in the furnace chamber. According to the nickel-cobalt smelting furnace and the nickel-cobalt smelting process provided by the embodiment of the invention, materials have no need for pelleting, therefore, the smelting operation is simplified and the cost is reduced; most of oxygen is reacted with sulfide in the sulfonium layer and oxygen entering the slag layer from the sulfonium layer along with the gas after reaction is little to ensure that the content of magnetic iron generated in the slag is low, the stickiness of the slag is reduced, an isolation layer is not easy to form and the sulfonium in the slag is easy to settle, therefore, a high iron slag type can be adopted, the flux rate and the slag rate are reduced and the metal loss in the slag is reduced; and in the meantime, foaming slag is not easy to produce to ensure that the safety is good and a mushroomed head is easy to form at the upper end of the oxygen lance to ensure that the oxygen lance is protected and therefore long in service life.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing matte smelting stove and oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing matte smelting technology, especially relate to a kind of oxygen bottom blowing matte smelting stove and oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing matte smelting technology that is suitable for melting copper, nickel (cobalt).
Background technology
Flash smelting and bath smelting are the pyrometallurgical smelting methods of two big types of widespread uses, for example are used for copper smelting, nickel (cobalt) etc.Bath smelting is because raw material need not depth drying; Obtained using widely; For example, the Noranda process that exists at present, Wa Niukefufa (the vertical copper water jacket type of furnace), top-submerged lance method (fixed cylinder shaft furnace type) etc., these fused bath smelting methods have relative merits separately.
For example, Noranda process is the reactor drum that adopts a similar pierce smith converter, is provided with an air draft eye at a side of reactor drum, and air or oxygen-rich air blast in the reaction vessel from the eye of wind.But; The problem that Noranda process exists is owing to adopt the single face side-blown; Gas-liquid mixed is inhomogeneous, exists the side-blown of melting dead angle and single face to be prone to again refractory materials in the reaction vessel is particularly produced serious washing away near the part of the eye of wind, has reduced the life-span; Oxygen-rich concentration is difficult to improve, and the utilization ratio of oxygen is low.
Chinese patent CN1072962A (ZL9210699) proposes a kind of bottom blowing copper metallurgy technology and reaction vessel, and wherein said reaction vessel has bellend, and siphon port, slag notch and fume emission mouth all are located at the bellend away from oxygen rifle district.The reason that this reaction vessel is provided with bellend is to reduce the melt degree of depth in oxygen blast district, can reduce the WP of oxygen rifle thus, and improves the melt situation in the reaction vessel, and the promotion copper matte regulus separates with slag, reduces the slag cupric.
Summary of the invention
One object of the present invention is to propose a kind of fusion process and operates, makes oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing matte smelting stove simple, that the melting effect improves easily.
Another object of the present invention is to propose a kind of easy to control, oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing matte smelting technology that the melting effect improves.
To achieve these goals; According to first aspect present invention embodiment a kind of oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing matte smelting stove is proposed; Comprise: body of heater be limited with furnace chamber in the said body of heater, and said body of heater has charging opening, exhanst gas outlet, goes out sulfonium mouth, slag notch and is formed on the oxygen rifle jack of bottom of furnace body; With the oxygen rifle, said oxygen rifle is inserted in the said oxygen rifle jack oxygen rich gas is blown in the sulfonium layer in the said furnace chamber.
According to the oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing matte smelting stove of the embodiment of the invention, material need not to granulate, and has therefore simplified smelting operation, has reduced cost.The oxygen major part is reacted with sulfide in the sulfonium layer; Few from the oxygen that the sulfonium layer gets in the slag blanket with reacted gas, the Armco magnetic iron content that generates in the slag is few, and the viscosity of slag reduces; Be not easy to form sealing coat; Sulfonium in the slag settles down easily, thereby can adopt high iron slag type, reduction stone rate and slag rate, reduces the loss of metal in the dreg.Simultaneously, be not easy to produce foamy slag, security is good, and the easy mushroom head that forms in oxygen rifle upper end, protection oxygen rifle, and the life-span is long.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the upper end of said oxygen rifle is concordant with the interior diapire of said furnace chamber.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the bottom surface of said furnace chamber is concordant.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, said body of heater is radial dimension unanimity on the axial direction due of said body of heater that round shape and said furnace chamber have circular cross section and said furnace chamber.
Oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing matte smelting stove according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention further comprises: bracket; Backing ring, said backing ring are set on the said body of heater and rotatably are supported on the said bracket; Gear ring, said gear ring are set on the said body of heater; And drive unit, institute's drive unit links to each other with said gear ring and is used for driving said body of heater rotation through driving said gear ring rotation.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, said charging opening and said exhanst gas outlet are located at the top of said body of heater and spaced apart along the axial direction due of said body of heater, and said slag notch is formed on the end face of said body of heater.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, saidly go out on the end face that the sulfonium mouth is located at the body of heater relative with slag notch or the bottom, side of body of heater.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, further be provided with the burner mouth on the said body of heater and visit the material mouth, wherein in said burner mouth, be provided with burner.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the opening direction of said oxygen rifle jack and the angle between the direction straight down are 0 °≤α≤+ 60 °.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the opening direction of said oxygen rifle jack and the angle between the direction straight down are-60 °≤α≤0 °.
According to second aspect present invention embodiment a kind of oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing matte smelting technology of utilizing oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing matte smelting stove to carry out is proposed; Wherein said oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing matte smelting stove comprises body of heater and oxygen rifle; Being limited with furnace chamber and said body of heater in the said body of heater has charging opening, exhanst gas outlet, goes out sulfonium mouth, slag notch and is formed on the oxygen rifle jack of bottom of furnace body; Said oxygen rifle is inserted in the said oxygen rifle jack; It is characterized in that said oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing matte smelting technology may further comprise the steps: furnace charge is joined in the said furnace chamber from said charging opening; Utilize said oxygen rifle in furnace chamber, to be blown into oxygen rich gas to carry out melting, wherein said oxygen rich gas is blown in the sulfonium layer of said furnace chamber bottom; With go out sulfonium mouth, said slag notch and said exhanst gas outlet and discharge said sulfonium, slag and flue gas respectively from said.
According to the oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing matte smelting technology of the embodiment of the invention, smelting operation is simple, and efficient is high, and life-span of oxygen lance is long.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the oxygen concentration of said oxygen rich gas is 22%-99%.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the oxygen concentration of said oxygen rich gas is 70%-80%.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the stokehold pressure of said oxygen rich gas is 0.25-1.2MPa.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the stokehold pressure of said oxygen rich gas is 0.4-0.6MPa.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, said slag discontinuous discharging.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the degree of depth of the melt in the said furnace chamber is identical.
According to another aspect of the invention, the invention allows for a kind of nickel cobalt smelting furnace.According to embodiments of the invention; This nickel cobalt smelting furnace is made up of body of heater, oxygen rifle, bracket, backing ring, gear ring, drive unit; Be limited with furnace chamber in the said body of heater; Concordant and the said body of heater in the bottom surface of said furnace chamber has charging opening, exhanst gas outlet, go out sulfonium mouth, slag notch and be formed on the oxygen rifle jack of bottom of furnace body, and it is consistent on the axial direction due of said body of heater that said body of heater is that round shape and said furnace chamber have a radial dimension of circular cross section and said furnace chamber; Said oxygen rifle is inserted in the said oxygen rifle jack oxygen rich gas is blown in the nickel matte layer or cobalt sulfonium layer in the said furnace chamber; Said backing ring is set on the said body of heater and rotatably is supported on the said bracket; Said gear ring is set on the said body of heater; Link to each other with said gear ring with said drive unit and to be used for rotating and driving said body of heater and rotate through driving said gear ring.According to the nickel cobalt smelting furnace of the embodiment of the invention, material need not to granulate, and has therefore simplified smelting operation, has reduced cost.The oxygen major part is reacted with sulfide in the sulfonium layer; Few from the oxygen that the sulfonium layer gets in the slag blanket with reacted gas, the Armco magnetic iron content that generates in the slag is few, and the viscosity of slag reduces; Be not easy to form sealing coat; Sulfonium in the slag settles down easily, thereby can adopt high iron slag type, reduction stone rate and slag rate, reduces the loss of metal in the dreg.Simultaneously, be not easy to produce foamy slag, security is good, and the easy mushroom head that forms in oxygen rifle upper end, protection oxygen rifle, and the life-span is long.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the upper end of said oxygen rifle is concordant with the interior diapire of said furnace chamber.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, said charging opening and said exhanst gas outlet are located at the top of said body of heater and spaced apart along the axial direction due of said body of heater, and said slag notch is formed on the end face of said body of heater.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, saidly go out on the end face that the sulfonium mouth is located at the body of heater relative with slag notch or the bottom, side of body of heater.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, further be provided with the burner mouth on the said body of heater and visit the material mouth, wherein in said burner mouth, be provided with burner.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the opening direction of said oxygen rifle jack and the angle between the direction straight down are 0 °≤α≤+ 60 °.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the opening direction of said oxygen rifle jack and the angle between the direction straight down are-60 °≤α≤0 °.
According to another aspect of the invention; The invention allows for a kind of nickel cobalt melting technology of utilizing nickel cobalt smelting furnace to carry out; Wherein, said nickel cobalt smelting furnace is made up of body of heater, oxygen rifle, bracket, backing ring, gear ring, drive unit, is limited with furnace chamber in the said body of heater; Concordant and the said body of heater in the bottom surface of said furnace chamber has charging opening, exhanst gas outlet, go out sulfonium mouth, slag notch and be formed on the oxygen rifle jack of bottom of furnace body; Said oxygen rifle is inserted in the said oxygen rifle jack, and said nickel cobalt melting technology may further comprise the steps: with nickel-containing material or contain the cobalt material, and flux joins in the said furnace chamber from said charging opening; Utilize said oxygen rifle in furnace chamber, to be blown into oxygen rich gas to carry out melting, wherein said oxygen rich gas is blown in the nickel matte layer or cobalt sulfonium layer of said furnace chamber bottom; With go out sulfonium mouth, said slag notch and said exhanst gas outlet and discharge nickel matte or cobalt sulfonium, slag and flue gas respectively from said.According to the nickel cobalt melting technology of utilizing nickel cobalt smelting furnace to carry out of the embodiment of the invention, smelting operation is simple, and efficient is high, and life-span of oxygen lance is long.Those skilled in the art can be understood that this technology has possessed the advantage of aforementioned nickel cobalt smelting furnace equally, repeats no more.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the oxygen concentration of said oxygen rich gas is 22%-99%.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the oxygen concentration of said oxygen rich gas is 70%-80%.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the stokehold pressure of said oxygen rich gas is 0.25-1.2MPa.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the stokehold pressure of said oxygen rich gas is 0.4-0.6MPa.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, said slag discontinuous discharging.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the degree of depth of the melt in the said furnace chamber is identical.
According to another aspect of the invention, the invention allows for a kind of nickel cobalt smelting furnace that is used for nickel cobalt melting technology noted earlier.According to embodiments of the invention; Said nickel cobalt smelting furnace is made up of body of heater, oxygen rifle, bracket, backing ring, gear ring, drive unit; Wherein, be limited with furnace chamber in the said body of heater, the bottom surface of said furnace chamber is concordant; Said body of heater is that round shape and said furnace chamber have circular cross section, and the radial dimension of said furnace chamber is consistent on the axial direction due of said body of heater; Said body of heater has charging opening, exhanst gas outlet, go out sulfonium mouth, slag notch and be formed on the oxygen rifle jack of bottom of furnace body, and said oxygen rifle is inserted in the said oxygen rifle jack; Said oxygen rifle is used in furnace chamber, being blown into oxygen rich gas to carry out melting, generates nickel matte or cobalt sulfonium, slag and flue gas, and wherein said oxygen rich gas is blown in the nickel matte layer or cobalt sulfonium layer of said furnace chamber bottom; Nickel-containing material or contain the cobalt material, and flux joins in the said furnace chamber through said charging opening, said exhanst gas outlet is used to discharge said flue gas, saidly goes out the sulfonium mouth and is used to discharge said nickel matte or cobalt sulfonium, and said slag notch is used to discharge said slag; Said backing ring is set on the said body of heater; Said bracket is used for rotatably supporting said backing ring; Said gear ring is set on the said body of heater; Link to each other with said gear ring with said drive unit and to be used for rotating and driving said body of heater and rotate through driving said gear ring.This nickel cobalt smelting furnace can be used for nickel cobalt melting technology noted earlier effectively, and its feature and advantage repeat no more.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the upper end of said oxygen rifle is concordant with the interior diapire of said furnace chamber.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, said charging opening and said exhanst gas outlet are located at the top of said body of heater and spaced apart along the axial direction due of said body of heater, and said slag notch is formed on the end face of said body of heater.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, saidly go out on the end face that the sulfonium mouth is located at the body of heater relative with slag notch or the bottom, side of body of heater.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, further be provided with the burner mouth on the said body of heater and visit the material mouth, wherein be used to be provided with burner at said burner mouth.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the opening direction of said oxygen rifle jack and the angle between the direction straight down are 0 °≤α≤+ 60 °.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the opening direction of said oxygen rifle jack and the angle between the direction straight down are-60 °≤α≤0 °.
Description of drawings
Above-mentioned and/or additional aspect of the present invention and advantage obviously with are easily understood becoming the description of embodiment from combining figs, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram of oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing matte smelting stove according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the body of heater longitudinal sectional view of oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing matte smelting stove shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 3 is the transverse sectional view of the body of heater of oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing matte smelting stove shown in Figure 1; With
Fig. 4 is the schema of oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing matte smelting technology according to an embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Describe embodiments of the invention below in detail, the example of said embodiment is shown in the drawings, and wherein identical from start to finish or similar label is represented identical or similar elements or the element with identical or similar functions.Be exemplary through the embodiment that is described with reference to the drawings below, only be used to explain the present invention, and can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
In description of the invention; It will be appreciated that; The orientation of indications such as term " " center ", " vertically ", " laterally ", " on ", D score, " preceding ", " back ", " left side ", " right side ", " vertically ", " level ", " top ", " end " " interior ", " outward " or position relation are for based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relation; only be to describe with simplifying for the ease of describing the present invention; rather than the device or the element of indication or hint indication must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
In description of the invention, need to prove that only if clear and definite regulation and qualification are arranged in addition, term " installation ", " linking to each other ", " connection " should be done broad understanding, for example, can be to be fixedly connected, also can be to removably connect, or connect integratedly; Can be directly to link to each other, also can link to each other indirectly through intermediary, can be the connection of two element internals.For those of ordinary skill in the art, visual particular case is understood above-mentioned term concrete implication in the present invention.In addition, need to prove that in this article, term " metal sulfonium " and " sulfonium " can exchange use.
The present invention is based on the discovery below the present inventor: Chinese patent CN1072962A has proposed a kind of bottom blowing copper metallurgy reaction vessel, though bellend can be improved melt situation in the reaction vessel, reduces oxygen rifle pressure.Yet owing to be provided with bellend, the molten bath in the reaction vessel shoals, and fusion process is not easy control, and oxygen blows easily to be worn the copper matte regulus layer and get into the slag blanket above the copper matte regulus layer, and the utilization ratio of oxygen is low, and poor stability, the advantage of the bottom-blown smelting that weakened.
Particularly, for above-mentioned bottom blowing copper metallurgy reaction vessel, in fusion process, the oxygen that gets into slag blanket is many, and then FeO in the slag and oxygen reaction generate Fe
3O
4(Armco magnetic iron) because ferromagnetic viscosity is big, thereby forms sealing coat easily between slag and copper matte regulus layer, top copper matte regulus is not easy to descend, and has influenced the melting effect, and the copper content in the slag increases.And, being easy to generate foamy slag, security reduces.In addition, above-mentioned bottom-blown smelting need be granulated raw material, thus complicated operation, and the concentration of oxygen is restricted, otherwise can reduce life-span of oxygen lance.
Oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing matte smelting stove and oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing matte smelting technology according to the embodiment of the invention are described with reference to the drawings below.In the following description, for convenience, be that example is described with melting copper.It is understandable that the present invention is not limited to this, be applicable to that according to the oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing matte smelting stove of the embodiment of the invention and oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing matte smelting technology melting can make any suitable metal of sulfonium, for example nickel, cobalt etc.Thereby, below when describing smelting furnace, and no longer specifically mention the metal title that institute will use melting, only mention " oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing matte smelting stove ", for different metallic, can accomplish through adjusting raw material.
At first the oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing matte smelting stove according to the embodiment of the invention is described with reference to figure 1-3.Shown in Fig. 1-3, oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing matte smelting stove comprises body of heater 1 and oxygen rifle 2 according to an embodiment of the invention.
Particularly, be limited with furnace chamber Q in the body of heater 1, the molten bath is formed at the bottom of furnace chamber Q, and the molten bath is divided into and is positioned at top slag blanket ZC and is positioned at following sulfonium layer (copper matte regulus layer for example; The nickel matte layer, cobalt sulfonium layer) LC, the liquid level of slag blanket is Z; The liquid level of sulfonium layer (for example copper matte regulus layer, nickel matte layer, cobalt sulfonium layer) is L.Body of heater 1 has charging opening 11, exhanst gas outlet 12, goes out sulfonium mouth 13, slag notch 14 and be formed on the oxygen rifle jack 15 of the bottom of body of heater 1.
According to the oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing matte smelting stove of the embodiment of the invention, copper-contained material and flux, fine coal and return dirt and can directly join in the furnace chamber Q from charging opening 11 need not to granulate, and have therefore simplified smelting operation, have reduced cost.
According to the oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing matte smelting stove of the embodiment of the invention, oxygen rifle 2 is blown into oxygen rich gas in metal sulfonium in the furnace chamber Q (for example copper matte regulus layer (matte), nickel matte, cobalt sulfonium) the layer LC, in sulfonium layer (for example copper matte regulus layer, nickel matte layer, cobalt sulfonium layer) LC: O
2+ FeS+CuS → FeO+CuS+SO
2(this reaction is example with the copper matte regulus, all the other nickel mattes, the cobalt sulfonium is suitable equally) wherein moves up into slag blanket ZC on the FeO slagging, and most of oxygen becomes sulfurous gas and get into slag blanket ZC, thereby the oxygen that gets into slag blanket ZC is few, has improved the utilization ratio of oxygen.The Armco magnetic iron Fe that FeO among the slag blanket ZC and oxygen generate
3O
4Amount is few, is not easy at slag blanket ZC and sulfonium layer (copper matte regulus layer for example, nickel matte layer; Cobalt sulfonium layer) forms sealing coat between the LC, top sulfonium (copper matte regulus for example, nickel matte; The cobalt sulfonium) easily falls to getting in sulfonium layer (for example copper matte regulus layer, nickel matte layer, the cobalt sulfonium layer) LC; And be not easy to produce foamy slag, improved security.In addition, the oxygen-rich air outlet is prone to generate Fe in the upper end of oxygen rifle 2
3O
4And form cellular mushroom head, and protected oxygen rifle 2, prolonged the life-span of oxygen rifle 2.
In some embodiments of the invention; Preferably, the upper end of oxygen rifle 2 is concordant with the interior diapire of furnace chamber Q, can guarantee better that thus oxygen major part that oxygen rifle 2 is blown into copper matte regulus layer LC is at sulfonium layer (copper matte regulus layer for example; Nickel matte layer, cobalt sulfonium layer) sulfide of LC and iron reaction.Alternatively, the upper end of oxygen rifle 2 can extend in the furnace chamber Q a little, and for example the 10-20 millimeter exceeds not make too much oxygen get into slag blanket ZC.
As shown in Figure 2, the inner bottom surface of furnace chamber Q is concordant, in other words; Furnace chamber Q does not have the expansion section, and the degree of depth in the molten bath in oxygen blast district increases, and can guarantee better that oxygen rifle 2 is blown into sulfonium layer (copper matte regulus layer for example with oxygen; Nickel matte layer, cobalt sulfonium layer) in the LC, and too much oxygen is got in the slag blanket ZC.
Shown in Fig. 1-3, body of heater 1 is a round shape, and furnace chamber Q has circular cross section, and the radial dimension of furnace chamber Q is consistent on the axial direction due of body of heater 1.Because body of heater 1 is a round shape, therefore is convenient to body of heater 1 and rotates.For this reason, oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing matte smelting stove may further include bracket 5, backing ring 3, gear ring 4 and drive unit 6.
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, charging opening 11 and exhanst gas outlet 12 are located at the top of body of heater 1 and spaced apart along the axial direction due of body of heater 1, and slag notch 14 is formed on the end face of body of heater.
Preferably, go out on the end face that sulfonium mouth 13 is located at the body of heater 1 relative with slag notch 14, alternatively, go out the bottom, side that sulfonium mouth 13 can be located at body of heater 1.
Advantageously,, further be provided with burner mouth 16 on the body of heater 1 and visit material mouth 17 and thermometric pressure taps 18, in burner mouth 16, be provided with the burner (not shown) according to examples more of the present invention.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 3, the opening direction of oxygen rifle jack 15 and the angle between the direction straight down are 0 °≤α≤+ 60 °.Alternatively, the angle between the opening direction of oxygen rifle jack 15 and the direction straight down is-60 °≤α≤0 °.
In other words; According to the oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing matte smelting stove of the embodiment of the invention, " bottom blowing " should be done broad understanding, as long as oxygen rifle 2 is blown into oxygen rich gas in the furnace chamber Q from the bottom of body of heater 1 or the sidepiece of adjacent bottom; All be interpreted as bottom blowing; For example, preferably, the angle between oxygen rifle 2 (being the opening direction of oxygen rifle jack 15) and the direction straight down is understood that " bottom blowing " in-60 ° ~+60 scope.
According to the oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing matte smelting stove of the embodiment of the invention, raw material need not to granulate, and has therefore simplified smelting operation, has reduced cost.The oxygen that gets into slag blanket ZC is few, has improved the utilization ratio of oxygen.The Armco magnetic iron Fe that generates among the slag blanket ZC
3O
4Amount is few, is not easy at slag blanket ZC and sulfonium layer (copper matte regulus layer for example, nickel matte layer; Cobalt sulfonium layer) forms sealing coat between the LC, top sulfonium (copper matte regulus for example, nickel matte; The cobalt sulfonium) easily falls to getting in sulfonium layer (for example copper matte regulus layer, nickel matte layer, the cobalt sulfonium layer) LC; And be not easy to produce foamy slag, improved security.Because Fe in the 2 outlet generations of oxygen rifle
3O
4Form cellular mushroom head in the upper end of oxygen rifle 2, protected oxygen rifle 2, prolonged the life-span of oxygen rifle 2.
Below with reference to figure 4 and combine Fig. 1-3 to describe the oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing matte smelting technology of utilizing oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing matte smelting stove to carry out according to the embodiment of the invention.It will be appreciated that, be not limited to utilize above-described oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing matte smelting stove according to the oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing matte smelting technology of the embodiment of the invention.And, in the following description, still be that example is described, but the present invention is not limited to this with copper metallurgy.
Particularly; Be used to implement to comprise body of heater 1 and oxygen rifle 2 according to the oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing matte smelting stove of the oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing matte smelting technology of the embodiment of the invention; Be limited with in the body of heater 1 that furnace chamber Q and body of heater 1 have charging opening 11, exhanst gas outlet 12, go out sulfonium mouth 13, slag notch 14 and be formed on the oxygen rifle jack 15 of the bottom of body of heater 1, oxygen rifle 2 is inserted in the oxygen rifle jack 15.
As shown in Figure 4, according to the oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing matte smelting technology of the embodiment of the invention, at first furnace charge (for example copper-contained material, flux, fine coal and return dirt) is joined in the furnace chamber Q from charging opening 11.Next, utilize oxygen rifle 2 in furnace chamber Q, to be blown into oxygen rich gas carrying out melting, wherein said oxygen rich gas is blown in the sulfonium layer in molten bath of furnace chamber Q bottom.At last, discharge sulfonium, slag and flue gas respectively from going out sulfonium mouth 13, slag notch 14 and exhanst gas outlet 12.
According to the oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing matte smelting technology of the embodiment of the invention, raw material need not to granulate, and has therefore simplified smelting operation, has reduced cost.Because said oxygen rich gas is blown in the sulfonium layer in molten bath of furnace chamber Q bottom, the oxygen that gets into slag blanket ZC is few, has improved the utilization ratio of oxygen.The Armco magnetic iron Fe that generates among the slag blanket ZC
3O
4Amount is few, thereby can adopt high iron slag type, reduces stone rate and slag rate, reduces the loss of metal in the dreg, has improved smelting efficiency and metal recovery rate, is not easy to produce foamy slag simultaneously, has improved security.
In specific embodiments more of the present invention, the oxygen concentration of said oxygen rich gas can be 22%-99%, more preferably is 70%-80%.The stokehold pressure of said oxygen rich gas can be 0.25-1.2MPa, more preferably is 0.4-0.6MPa.
Advantageously, according to embodiments of the invention, said slag discontinuous discharging.In addition, preferably, the degree of depth of the melt in the furnace chamber Q is consistent, and promptly on the entire cross section of furnace chamber Q, the degree of depth of melt is identical, can avoid the sulfonium layer LC the molten bath in to shoal thus, prevents that oxygen from blowing to wear sulfonium layer LC entering slag blanket ZC, has improved the melting effect.
In the description of this specification sheets, the description of reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiment ", " example ", " concrete example " or " some examples " etc. means the concrete characteristic, structure, material or the characteristics that combine this embodiment or example to describe and is contained at least one embodiment of the present invention or the example.In this manual, the schematic statement to above-mentioned term not necessarily refers to identical embodiment or example.And concrete characteristic, structure, material or the characteristics of description can combine with suitable manner in any one or more embodiment or example.
Although illustrated and described embodiments of the invention; Those having ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: under the situation that does not break away from principle of the present invention and aim, can carry out multiple variation, modification, replacement and modification to these embodiment, scope of the present invention is limited claim and equivalent thereof.
Claims (21)
1. a nickel cobalt smelting furnace is characterized in that, said nickel cobalt smelting furnace is made up of body of heater, oxygen rifle, bracket, backing ring, gear ring, drive unit,
Be limited with furnace chamber in the said body of heater; Concordant and the said body of heater in the bottom surface of said furnace chamber has charging opening, exhanst gas outlet, go out sulfonium mouth, slag notch and be formed on the oxygen rifle jack of bottom of furnace body, and it is consistent on the axial direction due of said body of heater that said body of heater is that round shape and said furnace chamber have a radial dimension of circular cross section and said furnace chamber;
Said oxygen rifle is inserted in the said oxygen rifle jack oxygen rich gas is blown in the nickel matte layer or cobalt sulfonium layer in the said furnace chamber;
Said backing ring is set on the said body of heater and rotatably is supported on the said bracket;
Said gear ring is set on the said body of heater; With
Said drive unit links to each other with said gear ring and is used for driving said body of heater rotation through driving said gear ring rotation.
2. nickel cobalt smelting furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that the upper end of said oxygen rifle is concordant with the interior diapire of said furnace chamber.
3. nickel cobalt smelting furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said charging opening and said exhanst gas outlet are located at the top of said body of heater and spaced apart along the axial direction due of said body of heater, and said slag notch is formed on the end face of said body of heater.
4. nickel cobalt smelting furnace according to claim 3 is characterized in that, saidly goes out on the end face that the sulfonium mouth is located at the body of heater relative with slag notch or the bottom, side of body of heater.
5. nickel cobalt smelting furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that, further is provided with the burner mouth on the said body of heater and visits the material mouth, wherein in said burner mouth, is provided with burner.
6. according to each described nickel cobalt smelting furnace among the claim 1-5, it is characterized in that the opening direction of said oxygen rifle jack and the angle between the direction straight down are 0 °≤α≤+ 60 °.
7. according to each described nickel cobalt smelting furnace among the claim 1-5, it is characterized in that the opening direction of said oxygen rifle jack and the angle between the direction straight down are-60 °≤α≤0 °.
8. nickel cobalt melting technology of utilizing nickel cobalt smelting furnace to carry out; It is characterized in that; Said nickel cobalt smelting furnace is made up of body of heater, oxygen rifle, bracket, backing ring, gear ring, drive unit, is limited with furnace chamber in the said body of heater, and the concordant and said body of heater in the bottom surface of said furnace chamber has charging opening, exhanst gas outlet, go out sulfonium mouth, slag notch and be formed on the oxygen rifle jack of bottom of furnace body; Said oxygen rifle is inserted in the said oxygen rifle jack, and said nickel cobalt melting technology may further comprise the steps:
With nickel-containing material or contain the cobalt material, and flux joins in the said furnace chamber from said charging opening;
Utilize said oxygen rifle in furnace chamber, to be blown into oxygen rich gas to carry out melting, wherein said oxygen rich gas is blown in the nickel matte layer or cobalt sulfonium layer of said furnace chamber bottom; With
Go out sulfonium mouth, said slag notch and said exhanst gas outlet and discharge nickel matte or cobalt sulfonium, slag and flue gas respectively from said.
9. nickel cobalt melting technology according to claim 8 is characterized in that the oxygen concentration of said oxygen rich gas is 22%-99%.
10. nickel cobalt melting technology according to claim 9 is characterized in that the oxygen concentration of said oxygen rich gas is 70%-80%.
11. nickel cobalt melting technology according to claim 8 is characterized in that the stokehold pressure of said oxygen rich gas is 0.25-1.2MPa.
12. nickel cobalt melting technology according to claim 11 is characterized in that the stokehold pressure of said oxygen rich gas is 0.4-0.6MPa.
13. nickel cobalt melting technology according to claim 8 is characterized in that, said slag discontinuous discharging.
14. nickel cobalt melting technology according to claim 8 is characterized in that, the degree of depth of the melt in the said furnace chamber is identical.
15. a nickel cobalt smelting furnace that is used for the said nickel cobalt of claim 8 melting technology is characterized in that said nickel cobalt smelting furnace is made up of body of heater, oxygen rifle, bracket, backing ring, gear ring, drive unit, wherein,
Be limited with furnace chamber in the said body of heater, the bottom surface of said furnace chamber is concordant, and said body of heater is that round shape and said furnace chamber have circular cross section, and the radial dimension of said furnace chamber is consistent on the axial direction due of said body of heater;
Said body of heater has charging opening, exhanst gas outlet, go out sulfonium mouth, slag notch and be formed on the oxygen rifle jack of bottom of furnace body, and said oxygen rifle is inserted in the said oxygen rifle jack;
Said oxygen rifle is used in furnace chamber, being blown into oxygen rich gas to carry out melting, generates nickel matte or cobalt sulfonium, slag and flue gas, and wherein said oxygen rich gas is blown in the nickel matte layer or cobalt sulfonium layer of said furnace chamber bottom;
Nickel-containing material or contain the cobalt material, and flux joins in the said furnace chamber through said charging opening, said exhanst gas outlet is used to discharge said flue gas, saidly goes out the sulfonium mouth and is used to discharge said nickel matte or cobalt sulfonium, and said slag notch is used to discharge said slag;
Said backing ring is set on the said body of heater;
Said bracket is used for rotatably supporting said backing ring;
Said gear ring is set on the said body of heater; With
Said drive unit links to each other with said gear ring and is used for driving said body of heater rotation through driving said gear ring rotation.
16. nickel cobalt smelting furnace according to claim 15 is characterized in that the upper end of said oxygen rifle is concordant with the interior diapire of said furnace chamber.
17. nickel cobalt smelting furnace according to claim 15 is characterized in that, said charging opening and said exhanst gas outlet are located at the top of said body of heater and spaced apart along the axial direction due of said body of heater, and said slag notch is formed on the end face of said body of heater.
18. nickel cobalt smelting furnace according to claim 17 is characterized in that, saidly goes out on the end face that the sulfonium mouth is located at the body of heater relative with slag notch or the bottom, side of body of heater.
19. nickel cobalt smelting furnace according to claim 15 is characterized in that, further is provided with the burner mouth on the said body of heater and visits the material mouth, wherein is used to be provided with burner at said burner mouth.
20., it is characterized in that the opening direction of said oxygen rifle jack and the angle between the direction straight down are 0 °≤α≤+ 60 ° according to each described nickel cobalt smelting furnace among the claim 15-19.
21., it is characterized in that the opening direction of said oxygen rifle jack and the angle between the direction straight down are-60 °≤α≤0 ° according to each described nickel cobalt smelting furnace among the claim 15-19.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012101950553A CN102690958B (en) | 2011-06-13 | 2012-06-13 | Nickel-cobalt smelting furnace and nickel-cobalt smelting process |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101580119A CN102230091A (en) | 2011-06-13 | 2011-06-13 | Oxygen-enriched bottom-blown matte smelting furnace and oxygen-enriched bottom-blown matte smelting technology |
| CN201110158011.9 | 2011-06-13 | ||
| CN2012101950553A CN102690958B (en) | 2011-06-13 | 2012-06-13 | Nickel-cobalt smelting furnace and nickel-cobalt smelting process |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102690958A true CN102690958A (en) | 2012-09-26 |
| CN102690958B CN102690958B (en) | 2013-10-16 |
Family
ID=44842694
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101580119A Pending CN102230091A (en) | 2011-06-13 | 2011-06-13 | Oxygen-enriched bottom-blown matte smelting furnace and oxygen-enriched bottom-blown matte smelting technology |
| CN2012101950553A Active CN102690958B (en) | 2011-06-13 | 2012-06-13 | Nickel-cobalt smelting furnace and nickel-cobalt smelting process |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101580119A Pending CN102230091A (en) | 2011-06-13 | 2011-06-13 | Oxygen-enriched bottom-blown matte smelting furnace and oxygen-enriched bottom-blown matte smelting technology |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (2) | CN102230091A (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102901344A (en) * | 2012-10-18 | 2013-01-30 | 铜陵有色金属集团股份有限公司金冠铜业分公司 | Horizontal type immersion top blowing furnace used for smelting low-grade scrap copper |
| CN104018006A (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2014-09-03 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Nickel matte bottom-blowing refining process and nickel matte bottom-blowing refining furnace |
| CN104018005A (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2014-09-03 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Nickel matte bottom-blowing refining process and nickel matte bottom-blowing refining furnace |
| CN104018007A (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2014-09-03 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Nickel matte bottom-blowing refining process and nickel matte bottom-blowing refining device |
| CN104313347A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2015-01-28 | 陈宗毓 | Nickel ore smelting furnace and smelting process |
| CN111910029A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-11-10 | 钢研晟华科技股份有限公司 | Device and method for cooperative quenching and tempering of steel slag and laterite-nickel ore |
| CN112197581A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2021-01-08 | 刘会正 | Production integrated equipment for oxygen bottom-blowing smelting furnace |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102735047A (en) * | 2012-07-19 | 2012-10-17 | 昆明理工大学 | Method and equipment for depleting furnace slag of electric melting furnace of side-blowing melting pool |
| CN103014370B (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2014-02-19 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Copper matte bottom blowing converting process and copper matte bottom blowing converting furnace |
| CN103014371B (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2014-02-19 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Copper matte bottom blowing converting process and copper matte bottom blowing converting furnace |
| CN107687024A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2018-02-13 | 武陟吉铨特种金属材料有限公司 | A kind of single crystal Cu reduction furnace |
| CN109097595A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2018-12-28 | 白银有色集团股份有限公司 | A kind of method that silver copper oxygen enriched molten bath smelting furnace produces high scum |
| CN110453088A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-11-15 | 楚雄滇中有色金属有限责任公司 | A kind of method that Armco magnetic iron quickly restores during oxygen-enriched top blowing bath smelting |
| CN111811262B (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2021-01-05 | 湖北大江环保科技股份有限公司 | Side-blowing type oxygen-enriched immersion smelting system |
| CN115449589B (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2024-05-24 | 河南豫光金铅股份有限公司 | Composite furnace combining oxygen-enriched bottom blowing and side blowing |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1025963C (en) * | 1992-07-04 | 1994-09-21 | 水口山矿务局 | Extraction method for copper with bottom-blown molten pool and its installation |
| CN1376804A (en) * | 2001-12-29 | 2002-10-30 | 南昌有色冶金设计研究院 | Flash smelting technology for copper or nickel sulfide ore concentrate |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN200988859Y (en) * | 2006-11-16 | 2007-12-12 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Oxygen bottom blowing melting furnace |
| CN101839633A (en) * | 2009-07-21 | 2010-09-22 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Electrothermal copper-smelting slag depleted furnace body |
| CN101906543A (en) * | 2010-08-23 | 2010-12-08 | 东营方圆有色金属有限公司 | High oxygen-enriched bottom blowing low power consumption molten pool melting technology |
| CN101921919B (en) * | 2010-09-09 | 2011-12-21 | 山东天力干燥股份有限公司 | Comprehensive utilization process of molten copper slag and system thereof |
-
2011
- 2011-06-13 CN CN2011101580119A patent/CN102230091A/en active Pending
-
2012
- 2012-06-13 CN CN2012101950553A patent/CN102690958B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1025963C (en) * | 1992-07-04 | 1994-09-21 | 水口山矿务局 | Extraction method for copper with bottom-blown molten pool and its installation |
| CN1376804A (en) * | 2001-12-29 | 2002-10-30 | 南昌有色冶金设计研究院 | Flash smelting technology for copper or nickel sulfide ore concentrate |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 《中国有色金属学会第五届学术年会论文集》 20030831 王忠实 《氧气底吹熔炼-鼓风炉还原炼铅工艺的开发和应用》 149，150，177 1-7 , * |
| 《铜冶金》 20041231 彭容秋 《诺兰达反应炉的炉体结构》 77 1-7 , * |
| 彭容秋: "《铜冶金》", 31 December 2004, article "《诺兰达反应炉的炉体结构》", pages: 77 * |
| 王忠实: "《氧气底吹熔炼-鼓风炉还原炼铅工艺的开发和应用》", 《中国有色金属学会第五届学术年会论文集》, 31 August 2003 (2003-08-31) * |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102901344A (en) * | 2012-10-18 | 2013-01-30 | 铜陵有色金属集团股份有限公司金冠铜业分公司 | Horizontal type immersion top blowing furnace used for smelting low-grade scrap copper |
| CN102901344B (en) * | 2012-10-18 | 2015-12-09 | 铜陵有色金属集团股份有限公司金冠铜业分公司 | For smelting the horizontal submergence top blast stove of low-grade copper scap |
| CN104018006A (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2014-09-03 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Nickel matte bottom-blowing refining process and nickel matte bottom-blowing refining furnace |
| CN104018005A (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2014-09-03 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Nickel matte bottom-blowing refining process and nickel matte bottom-blowing refining furnace |
| CN104018007A (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2014-09-03 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Nickel matte bottom-blowing refining process and nickel matte bottom-blowing refining device |
| CN104018007B (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2018-01-16 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Nickel matte bottom blowing converting process and nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device |
| CN104018006B (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2018-03-20 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | A kind of nickel matte bottom blowing converting process and nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace |
| CN104018005B (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2018-03-20 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Nickel matte bottom blowing converting process and nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace |
| CN104313347A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2015-01-28 | 陈宗毓 | Nickel ore smelting furnace and smelting process |
| CN104313347B (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2015-10-28 | 陈宗毓 | A kind of nickel minerals smelting furnace and melting technology |
| CN111910029A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-11-10 | 钢研晟华科技股份有限公司 | Device and method for cooperative quenching and tempering of steel slag and laterite-nickel ore |
| CN112197581A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2021-01-08 | 刘会正 | Production integrated equipment for oxygen bottom-blowing smelting furnace |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102690958B (en) | 2013-10-16 |
| CN102230091A (en) | 2011-11-02 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102690958B (en) | Nickel-cobalt smelting furnace and nickel-cobalt smelting process | |
| CN102242277B (en) | Oxygen-rich bottom blown copper smelter and oxygen-rich bottom blown technology for extraction of copper | |
| CN101649366B (en) | Method and device for making iron by smelting reduction | |
| CN202164337U (en) | Oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing melting furnace for producing sulphonium | |
| CN102374781A (en) | Direct lead-smelting comprehensive metallurgical device and smelting process | |
| CN201321482Y (en) | Oxygen side-blowing copper smelting furnace | |
| KR20010040181A (en) | Vessel for direct smelting process and direct smelting process thereby | |
| CN205741172U (en) | A kind of fire essence stove copper smelting device | |
| CN200988859Y (en) | Oxygen bottom blowing melting furnace | |
| CN104073655A (en) | Tin smelting technique by continuous side blowing | |
| CN203112905U (en) | Copper matte bottom blowing device | |
| CN1166198A (en) | Metal fusion furnace and metal fusing method | |
| CN203960303U (en) | Bottom blowing tin metallurgy device | |
| CN201785464U (en) | Integrated metallurgical device for direct lead smelting | |
| CN104018006A (en) | Nickel matte bottom-blowing refining process and nickel matte bottom-blowing refining furnace | |
| CN104073653A (en) | Continuous lateral blowing tin smelting device | |
| CN104060104B (en) | Bottom blowing tin-making process | |
| KR20130137631A (en) | Direct smelting process | |
| CN202164341U (en) | Oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing copper smelting furnace | |
| CN104018005A (en) | Nickel matte bottom-blowing refining process and nickel matte bottom-blowing refining furnace | |
| CN201581119U (en) | Lead slag reducing furnace | |
| CN203960305U (en) | Tin metallurgy device continuously blows side | |
| CN202836150U (en) | Deep cupola well rock wool cupola furnace | |
| CN204898032U (en) | Novel cadmia side -blown converter | |
| CN103146936B (en) | Oxygen-rich redox furnace |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C53 | Correction of patent of invention or patent application | ||
| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information |
Inventor after: Wei Kejian Inventor after: Zhang Haixin Inventor after: Cao Kefei Inventor after: Hao Xiaohong Inventor after: Li Haichun Inventor after: Jiang Jimu Inventor after: Zhang Zhenmin Inventor after: Lin Xiaofang Inventor after: Yan Jie Inventor after: Li Feng Inventor after: Hu Liqiong Inventor after: Lu Jinzhong Inventor after: Li Bing Inventor before: Jiang Jimu Inventor before: Zhang Zhenmin |
|
| COR | Change of bibliographic data |
Free format text: CORRECT: INVENTOR; FROM: JIANG JIMU ZHANG ZHENMIN TO: WEI KEJIAN JIANG JIMU ZHANG ZHENMIN LIN XIAOFANG YAN JIE LI FENG HU LIQIONG LU JINZHONG LI BING ZHANG HAIXIN CAO KEFEI HAO XIAOHONG LI HAICHUN |
|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |