CN104018007A - Nickel matte bottom-blowing refining process and nickel matte bottom-blowing refining device - Google Patents
Nickel matte bottom-blowing refining process and nickel matte bottom-blowing refining device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104018007A CN104018007A CN201310064281.2A CN201310064281A CN104018007A CN 104018007 A CN104018007 A CN 104018007A CN 201310064281 A CN201310064281 A CN 201310064281A CN 104018007 A CN104018007 A CN 104018007A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nickel matte bottom-blowing refining process and a nickel matte bottom-blowing refining device. The nickel matte bottom-blowing refining process comprises the following steps of adding liquid-state low-nickel matte into the nickel matte bottom-blowing refining device; adding flux into the nickel matte bottom-blowing refining device; continuously blowing oxygen-containing gas into melt in the nickel matte bottom-blowing refining device from the bottom of the nickel matte bottom-blowing refining device by using a bottom-blowing blowgun; respectively discharging high-nickel matte and blowing refining slag from the nickel matte bottom-blowing refining device. According to the nickel matte bottom-blowing refining process and the nickel matte bottom-blowing refining device, disclosed by the invention, the continuous blowing refining of the nickel matte can be realized, generated flue gas is continuous, little and stable, the concentration of SO2 is stable, the environmental friendliness is good, the efficiency is high, and the production costs of high-nickel matte and flue-gas acid preparation are low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of non-ferrous metallurgy, especially relate to nickel matte bottom blowing blowing technology and nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device.
Background technology
The metallurgical method that extracts nickel from sulphide ores mainly adopts pyrometallurgy, its technical process is mainly that nickel sulfide concentrate carries out melting and obtains low nickel matte in electric furnace, Flash Smelting Furnace or other smelting furnaces, low nickel matte obtains high nickel matte through blowing in converting furnace, high nickel matte obtains the nickel products such as electric nickel, nickel powder, nickel rondelle through further processing again, and reclaims cobalt, copper, platinum metals and the rare precious metal of association.At present, the blowing of nickel matte mainly adopts PS converter, liquid low nickel matte is coated with and is periodically joined in PS converter by crane and melt, blast oxygen-containing gas from PS converter sidepiece air port to nickel matte molten bath, by the Iron sulfuret oxidation in nickel matte and with the quartzy flux slag making adding, obtain high nickel matte and blowing slag.After the nickel matte converting of a batch completes, discharge high nickel matte and blowing slag, then add the nickel matte of next batch to blow.PS bessemerizes operation and can only be interrupted and carry out, in operation process, body of heater needs multiple rotary blowing-out could realize the operations such as reinforced, deslagging, the high nickel matte of row, cleaning fire door, body of heater can not be completely airtight, therefore operating rate is low, efficiency is low, in body of heater, greatly, blowing flue gas inleakage is large and unstable in melt temperature fluctuation, and flue gas is containing SO
2concentration is low, and flue gas processing cost is high; The PS Converter life-span is short, and maintenance cost is high, and blowing cost is high; Melt have bad luck with nickel matte converting process in low concentration sulphur dioxide flue gas spill in workshop, low vacancy pollution is serious; Melt is had bad luck process and is also had major safety risks.
Summary of the invention
The present invention one of is intended to solve the problems of the technologies described above at least to a certain extent or at least provides a kind of useful business to select.
For this reason, one object of the present invention is to propose a kind of nickel matte bottom blowing blowing technology, utilizes this nickel matte bottom blowing blowing technology, can realize the continuous converting of nickel matte, and the exhaust gas volumn of generation is few, and flue gas is containing SO compared with PS converter
2concentration is higher and stable, good operational environment, and environmental protection is good, and efficiency is high, and high nickel matte and flue gas acid preparing production cost are low.
Another object of the present invention is to propose a kind of nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device that can realize above-mentioned technique.
To achieve these goals, propose a kind of nickel matte bottom blowing blowing technology according to the embodiment of first aspect present invention, described nickel matte bottom blowing blowing technology comprises the following steps: low liquid state nickel matte is joined in nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device; Flux is joined in nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device; In the melt that utilizes Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun to blow in device to described nickel matte bottom blowing from the bottom of described nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device, be blown into continuously oxygen-containing gas; With in described nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device, discharge respectively high nickel matte and blowing slag.
According to the nickel matte bottom blowing blowing technology of the embodiment of the present invention, by being blown into continuously oxygen-containing gas in the melt that utilizes Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun to blow in device to nickel matte bottom blowing from the bottom of described nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device, can realize continuous converting, raise the efficiency, reduce costs, and exhaust gas volumn is few, flue gas concentration is stable, flue gas is overflowed few, and good environmental protection, has reduced pollution.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described oxygen-containing gas is continuously blown in the nickel matte layer of described melt.
By be blown into continuously oxygen-containing gas in nickel matte melt, the balanced continous-stable of exhaust gas volumn that can make converting process produce, tolerance is few, stable components, and flue gas waste heat recovery, purification and acid making system operating mode are stable, significantly reduces construction cost and the running cost of smoke processing system.
In described nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device; nickel matte layer C1 is positioned at blowing slag blanket C2 below; by being blown into continuously oxygen-containing gas to nickel matte layer C1 bottom; can stir better melt, optimize the distribution of blowing gas in melt, the oxygen that prolongation is blown into residence time in nickel matte layer C1 is long, reaction is more abundant; when utilization is blown into gas effective cooling protection spray gun; the utilization ratio that has improved blowing oxygen, the consumption that this can reduce oxygen-containing gas, reduces costs.In addition can make reaction more abundant because bottom is blown into oxygen-containing gas continuously, thereby avoid oxygen-containing gas waste, the consumption that this can reduce oxygen-containing gas, further reduces costs.
And, by be blown into continuously oxygen-containing gas in nickel matte layer, can make the oxygen gesture of nickel matte layer bottom the highest, from bottom to top oxygen gesture progressively declines, this not only can remove impurity element (Zn, the Pb etc.) oxidation being mixed in nickel matte layer, and is conducive to suppress NiO and Fe in blowing slag blanket
3o
4growing amount, prevent Fe
3o
4the generation of precipitation and foamy slag.
By be blown into continuously oxygen-containing gas in described nickel matte layer, can make in molten bath that physical-chemical reaction is stable to carry out, it is stable that furnace temperature keeps, overcome the processing temperature that periodically the blows large shortcoming that fluctuates, be conducive to increase substantially the work-ing life of described nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device, reduce refractory consumption rate and maintenance load, thereby reduced nickel metallurgy cost.And described nickel matte bottom blowing blowing technology can make the SO in exhaust gas volumn and flue gas
2stable content equilibrium, body of heater does not need frequent rotation, thereby air leak rate of air curtain is declined to a great extent.
By be blown into continuously oxygen-containing gas in described nickel matte layer, can realize in keeping continuous converting and feeding in raw material, deslagging, arrange the operations such as high nickel matte, can avoid rotating furnace body to feed in raw material by smoke evacuation fire door, deslagging, arrange the periodic job system of high nickel matte, significantly improve converting process closure degree, significantly reduce the probability that blowing flue gas escapes, converting process environmental protection condition and level significantly improve, also overcome converter discontinuous running exhaust gas volumn and the smoke components large shortcoming that fluctuates simultaneously, be conducive to relieving haperacidity, reduce the investment of Liao Suan factory and running cost.
According to one embodiment of present invention, low liquid state nickel matte being joined in nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device is by the low nickel matte of liquid state of nickel smelting production being sent into described nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device with the direct-connected chute of nickel smelting.Nickel smelting is the device for producing low nickel matte, and its type and structure can be with reference to prior arts.
According to one embodiment of present invention, it is to utilize nickel matte bag that low liquid state nickel matte is joined in nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device that low liquid state nickel matte is joined in nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device, is specially one of following manner: the low nickel matte in described nickel matte bag is directly poured in described nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device by the charging opening of described nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device; Low nickel matte in nickel matte bag is joined to described nickel matte bottom blowing through chute to blow in device; Be incubated bag with the low nickel matte in nickel matte bag is poured into, then the low nickel matte in described insulation bag joined to described nickel matte bottom blowing through chute and blow in device.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun is located at below the horizontal center line of body of heater of described nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the angle α between described Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun and direction straight up at-120 degree to the scopes of+120 degree.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the angle α between described Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun and direction straight up at-60 degree to the scopes of+60 degree.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the angle α between described Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun and direction straight up at-30 degree to the scopes of+30 degree.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun and be orthogonal to angle β between the axial direction of described nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device at-30 degree to the scopes of+30 degree.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described angle β is 0 degree.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described nickel matte bottom blowing blowing technology also comprises in described nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device and adds the various nickeliferous intermediate material or the outsourcing nickel-containing material (being referred to as cold burden) that in smelting process, produce.By add cold burden in described nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device, both can make full use of the chemical reaction heat save energy producing in converting process, be convenient to again stable regulation and control blowing temperature, reduce thus energy consumption and blowing cost, further expanded the technique scope of application.
According to one embodiment of present invention, at least one in the mixture that described flux is quartzite, quartzite and lime and the mixture of quartzite and Wingdale.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described blowing slag is by the continuous blow-down of overflow mode.Can discharge easily thus blowing slag, reduce manual operation.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described high nickel matte is by siphon mode continuous blow-down.Like this can be in converting furnace nickel matte run up to and disposablely when a certain amount of emit more high nickel matte.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the blowing temperature in described nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device is 1150-1330 degree Celsius.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the blowing temperature in described nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device is 1200-1280 degree Celsius.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the stokehold pressure of described oxygen-containing gas is 0.2-0.8MPa.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the stokehold pressure of described oxygen-containing gas is 0.4-0.6MPa.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the oxygen concentration of described oxygen-containing gas is 20-99.6%.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the oxygen concentration of described oxygen-containing gas is 30-75%.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun also sprays into nitrogen in described nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device.By spraying into nitrogen, not only can carry out spray gun coolingly, and can stir the melt in nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device, further improve blowing effect, improve the quality of the high nickel matte of blowing product.
According to the embodiment of second aspect present invention, a kind of nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device is proposed, comprise: body of heater, in described body of heater, have furnace chamber, described body of heater has for adding the charging opening of the material that comprises low nickel matte in described furnace chamber, for discharging the slag-drip opening of blowing slag, for discharging the high nickel matte discharge outlet of high nickel matte, for discharging the smoke outlet of flue gas and being located at the spray gun jack of the bottom of described body of heater; Nickel matte bag, for joining low liquid state nickel matte in described furnace chamber; And Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun, described Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun is inserted in described spray gun jack, for being blown into continuously oxygen-containing gas in the melt in described furnace chamber.
Have the nickel matte of processing efficiency according to the nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device of the embodiment of the present invention high, the feature of environmental protection is good, and high nickel matte quality is high, the advantage that converter life is long.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described charging opening comprises for adding the first charging opening of low nickel matte and flux and for add the second charging opening of cold burden in described furnace chamber in described furnace chamber.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described charging opening and described smoke outlet share an opening.The open amount that can reduce thus described nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device, reduces difficulty of processing, improves sealing property, reduces the inleakage of body of heater, and environmental-protecting performance further improves.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun is blown into described oxygen-containing gas in the nickel matte layer of described melt continuously.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described nickel matte bag is for directly pouring low described liquid state nickel matte in described furnace chamber by the charging opening of described body of heater.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device also comprises chute, and described nickel matte bag is used for low described liquid state nickel matte in described chute joins described furnace chamber.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device also comprises insulation bag and chute, described insulation bag is incubated for the low nickel matte of liquid state that described nickel matte bag is poured into, and for by the low nickel matte of described insulation bag in described chute joins described furnace chamber.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described body of heater is rotating cylindrical horizontal container.By rotating, can be convenient for changing Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun is arranged in below the horizontal center line of described body of heater.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the angle α between described Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun and direction straight up at-120 degree to the scopes of+120 degree.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the angle α between described Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun and direction straight up at-60 degree to the scopes of+60 degree.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the angle α between described Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun and direction straight up at-30 degree to the scopes of+30 degree.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun and be orthogonal to angle β between the axial direction of described nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device at-30 degree to the scopes of+30 degree.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun and the angle β that is orthogonal between the axial direction of described nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device are 0 degree.
Additional aspect of the present invention and advantage in the following description part provide, and part will become obviously from the following description, or recognize by practice of the present invention.
Brief description of the drawings
Above-mentioned and/or additional aspect of the present invention and advantage accompanying drawing below combination is understood becoming the description of embodiment obviously and easily, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the blowing of nickel matte bottom blowing according to an embodiment of the invention device;
Fig. 2 is the transverse sectional view of the body of heater of the blowing of nickel matte bottom blowing according to an embodiment of the invention device;
Fig. 3 is the transverse sectional view of the body of heater of the blowing of nickel matte bottom blowing in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention device;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the projection on perpendicular of the blowing of nickel matte bottom blowing according to an embodiment of the invention device;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the blowing of nickel matte bottom blowing according to another embodiment of the present invention device;
Fig. 6 is the schema of nickel matte bottom blowing blowing technology according to an embodiment of the invention.
Nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device 1, body of heater 10, furnace chamber 101, charging opening 102, slag-drip opening 103, high nickel matte discharge outlet 104, smoke outlet 105, spray gun jack 106, Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20, bracket 30, backing ring 40, gear ring 50, drive unit 60, nickel matte bag 70, chute 80, insulation bag 90, nickel matte layer C1, blowing slag blanket C2, L1 nickel liquidus, L2 blowing slag liquidus.
Embodiment
Describe embodiments of the invention below in detail, the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, and wherein same or similar label represents same or similar element or has the element of identical or similar functions from start to finish.Be exemplary below by the embodiment being described with reference to the drawings, be intended to for explaining the present invention, and can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
In description of the invention, it will be appreciated that, term " " center ", " longitudinally ", " laterally ", " length ", " width ", " thickness ", " on ", D score, " front ", " afterwards ", " left side ", " right side ", " vertically ", " level ", " top ", " end " " interior ", " outward ", " clockwise ", orientation or the position relationship of instructions such as " counterclockwise " are based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, only the present invention for convenience of description and simplified characterization, instead of device or the element of instruction or hint indication must have specific orientation, with specific orientation structure and operation, therefore can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
In addition, term " first ", " second " be only for describing object, and can not be interpreted as instruction or hint relative importance or the implicit quantity that indicates indicated technical characterictic.Thus, one or more these features can be expressed or impliedly be comprised to the feature that is limited with " first ", " second ".In description of the invention, the implication of " multiple " is two or more, unless otherwise expressly limited specifically.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms such as term " installation ", " being connected ", " connection ", " fixing " should be interpreted broadly, and for example, can be to be fixedly connected with, and can be also to removably connect, or connect integratedly; Can be mechanical connection, can be also electrical connection; Can be to be directly connected, also can indirectly be connected by intermediary, can be the connection of two element internals.For the ordinary skill in the art, can understand as the case may be above-mentioned term concrete meaning in the present invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, First Characteristic Second Characteristic it " on " or D score can comprise that the first and second features directly contact, also can comprise that the first and second features are not directly contacts but by the other feature contact between them.And, First Characteristic Second Characteristic " on ", " top " and " above " comprise First Characteristic directly over Second Characteristic and oblique upper, or only represent that First Characteristic level height is higher than Second Characteristic.First Characteristic Second Characteristic " under ", " below " and " below " comprise First Characteristic under Second Characteristic and tiltedly, or only represent that First Characteristic level height is less than Second Characteristic.
It should be noted that: for ease of describing and understanding, the implication implication common with it of the nickel matte of mentioning in the present invention, high nickel matte, low nickel matte distinguished to some extent.In nickel matte bottom blowing blowing technology of the present invention, the melt in nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device is divided into two-layer up and down, and upper strata is blowing slag blanket, and lower floor is nickel matte layer.The nickel matte of mentioning in the present invention refers in particular to the nickel matte in nickel matte layer, is coordination but not comprise/involved relation with the high nickel matte of mentioning in the present invention, low nickel matte.The low nickel matte of mentioning in the present invention is a kind of material that enters nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device, and this material becomes the said nickel matte of the present invention after fusing in nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device, is no longer called low nickel matte; The high nickel matte of mentioning in the present invention is the product of discharging from nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device, is still called nickel matte when this product is not yet discharged, but not high nickel matte.
First with reference to figure 1-6, nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device and the nickel matte bottom blowing blowing technology according to the embodiment of the present invention described below.Can be for carrying out according to the nickel matte bottom blowing blowing technology of the embodiment of the present invention according to the nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device of the embodiment of the present invention, it will be appreciated that, be not limited to use the nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device according to the description of the embodiment of the present invention according to the nickel matte bottom-blown smelting technique of the embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, comprise body of heater 10, nickel matte bag 70 and Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20 according to the nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device 1 of the embodiment of the present invention.
In body of heater 10, have furnace chamber 101, body of heater 10 has for adding the charging opening 102 of the material that comprises low nickel matte in furnace chamber 101, for discharging the slag-drip opening 103 of blowing slag, for discharging the high nickel matte discharge outlet 104 of high nickel matte, for discharging the smoke outlet 105 of flue gas and being located at the spray gun jack 106 of body of heater 10 bottoms.Nickel matte bag 70 is for joining low liquid state nickel matte in body of heater 10.Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20 is inserted in spray gun jack 106, for being blown into continuously oxygen-containing gas in the melt in furnace chamber 101.
According to the nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device of the embodiment of the present invention, can blow to nickel matte by bottom blowing oxygen-containing gas, good environmental protection, pollute and reduce, the exhaust gas volumn of generation is few, concentration stabilize, high nickel matte quality is high, can process the low nickel matte of various smelting furnace outputs, can serialization blow, efficiency improves.
Can be low nickel matte and flux to the material adding in furnace chamber 101, preferably, can also add the various nickeliferous intermediate material or the outsourcing nickel-containing material (being referred to as cold burden) that in smelting process, produce by charging opening 102, both can make full use of the chemical reaction heat save energy producing in converting process, be convenient to again stable regulation and control blowing temperature, reduce energy consumption and blowing cost, further expanded the technique scope of application.
Alternatively, charging opening 102 can be divided into for adding the first charging opening of low nickel matte and flux and for add the second charging opening of cold burden in furnace chamber 101 in furnace chamber 101.More specifically, the first charging opening can be divided into low nickel matte charging opening and flux charging opening again.Preferably, charging opening 102 can be same opening with smoke outlet 105, reduces thus the open amount of body of heater 10, reduces manufacturing cost.Alternatively, smoke outlet 105 can with in the first and second charging openings any one share an opening, or smoke outlet 105 can with in low nickel matte charging opening, flux charging opening, cold burden charging opening any one or more share openings.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 5, nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device 1 can also comprise chute 90, and chute 90 is connected with nickel matte bag 70 with body of heater 10, and nickel matte bag 70 can be for joining low described liquid state nickel matte in body of heater 10 through described chute 90.Advantageously, nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device 1 can also comprise insulation bag 80 and chute 90, chute 90 is connected with body of heater 10, insulation bag 80 is connected with chute 90, nickel matte bag 70 is connected with insulation bag, insulation bag 80 can be incubated by low nickel matte for the liquid state that nickel matte bag 70 is poured into, and for by the low nickel matte of insulation bag 80 in chute 90 joins body of heater 10.In this example, charging opening 102 is located at the end of body of heater 10, certainly, be understandable that, the smoke outlet 105 that is located at body of heater 10 tops still can be used as charging opening, and for example, as the second charging opening of cold burden, and the charging opening 102 that is located at end can be used as the first charging opening.Here, be connected and should make broad understanding, for example chute 90 is connected with insulation bag 80 and refers to that being incubated the low nickel matte wrapping in 80 can pour in chute 90, and as shown in Figure 5, insulation bag 80 can be positioned at above chute 90.Equally, nickel matte bag 70 is connected with insulation bag 80 and refers to that low nickel matte in nickel matte bag 70 can pour insulation into and wrap in 80, as shown in Figure 5, nickel matte bag 70 can be transported to the insulation side of wrapping, certainly,, after the low nickel matte in nickel matte bag 70 is poured into insulation bag 80, nickel matte bag 70 can be removed.
Utilizing nickel matte bag 70 that low liquid state nickel matte is joined nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device 1 interior can be one of following manner:
Low nickel matte in nickel matte bag 70 is directly poured in nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device 1 by the charging opening 102 of nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device 1;
Low nickel matte in nickel matte bag 70 is joined to nickel matte bottom blowing through chute 90 to blow in device 1; With
Pour the low nickel matte in nickel matte bag 70 into insulation bag 80, then the low nickel matte in insulation bag 80 is joined to nickel matte bottom blowing through chute 90 and blow in device 1.
As shown in Figure 1, in some embodiments of the invention, spray gun jack 106 can be that multiple and multiple spray gun jacks 106 can be formed on body of heater 10 bottoms at interval, it will be appreciated that, broad understanding should be made in the term " bottom " here, comprises any suitable position below the horizontal center line X of body of heater 10, preferably, spray gun, near under body of heater 10, will be described in more detail below.Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20 can be that multiple and multiple Bottom Blowing Ejection Guns 20 can be inserted into respectively in multiple spray gun jacks 106 accordingly, that is, a Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20 can be inserted in a spray gun jack 106.Oxygen-containing gas can be blown in nickel matte layer C1 more equably thus, thereby further optimize the working of a furnace of converting process.Here, oxygen-containing gas should be interpreted broadly, for example, comprise pure oxygen, oxygen rich gas and containing oxygen air etc.Preferably, oxygen-containing gas is oxygen-rich air, for example the oxygen-rich air of oxygen concentration more than 70%.Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20 can be located at below the horizontal center line X of body of heater 10 of nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device 1.
Particularly, the stokehold pressure of described oxygen-containing gas can be 0.2MPa-0.8MPa.Further, the stokehold pressure of described oxygen-containing gas can be 0.4MPa-0.6MPa.
The oxygen concentration of described oxygen-containing gas can be 20%-99.6%.Further, the oxygen concentration of described oxygen-containing gas can be 30%-75%.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, body of heater 10 can be rotating cylindrical horizontal container.By rotating furnace 10, can change easily and keep in repair Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20, and maintenance fire door or furnace lining etc.
As shown in Figure 1, nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device 1 further comprises bracket 30, backing ring 40, gear ring 50 and drive unit 60.Backing ring 40 is set on body of heater 10 and is rotatably supported on bracket 30.Gear ring 50 is set on the outside surface of body of heater 10.Drive unit 60 is connected with gear ring 50, to drive body of heater 10 to rotate by driving gear ring 50 to rotate.Drive unit 60 for example can comprise motor, and the speed reduction unit being connected with motor can be installed gear on the output shaft of speed reduction unit, and gear engages to drive gear ring 50 to rotate with gear ring 50.Body of heater 10, under the drive of gear ring 50, rotates on bracket 30, because body of heater 10 can rotate, is convenient to change Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20 and other operations.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the angle α between Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20 and direction straight up can be at-120 degree to the scope of+120 degree ,-120 degree≤α≤+ 120 degree.In other words, the angle between the emission direction of Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20 and direction is straight up spent to the scopes of+120 degree-120.As shown in Figures 2 and 3, from the blowing direction of Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20 in the counterclockwise direction to the angle α of direction straight up for just, from the blowing direction of Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20 along clockwise direction to the angle α of direction straight up for negative.
More specifically, the angle α between Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20 and direction straight up can be at-60 degree to the scope of+60 degree ,-60 degree≤α≤+ 60 degree.Advantageously, the angle between Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20 and direction is straight up at-30 degree to the scope of+30 degree, and-30 degree≤α≤+ 30 are spent.Can improve thus blowing effect.
In optional embodiment of the present invention, Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20 and be orthogonal to angle β between the axial direction (being the vertical direction in Fig. 4) of body of heater 10 at-30 degree to the scopes of+30 degree.More preferably, angle β is 0 degree, and Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20 is vertically directed.
According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20 is blown into oxygen-containing gas in the nickel matte layer C1 of melt continuously, can describe useful technique effect below in detail.
According to the nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device of the embodiment of the present invention, the low nickel matte that can obtain for the treatment of various smelting furnace meltings.
Describe according to the nickel matte bottom blowing blowing technology of the embodiment of the present invention in conjunction with Fig. 1-5 below with reference to Fig. 6.As shown in Figure 6, comprise the following steps according to the nickel matte bottom blowing blowing technology of the embodiment of the present invention:
Utilize nickel matte bag 70 that low liquid state nickel matte is joined in nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device 1; Flux is joined in furnace chamber 101; Utilize in the melt of Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20 in from the bottom of body of heater 10 to furnace chamber 101 and be blown into continuously oxygen-containing gas; With from furnace chamber 101 interior discharge respectively high nickel matte and blowing slag.
According to the nickel matte bottom blowing blowing technology of the embodiment of the present invention, by being blown into continuously oxygen-containing gas in the melt that utilizes Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun to blow in device to nickel matte bottom blowing from the bottom of described nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device, can realize continuous converting, raise the efficiency, reduce costs, and exhaust gas volumn is few, flue gas concentration is stable, and flue gas is overflowed few, good environmental protection, reduced pollution, the quality of the high nickel matte of blowing product is high.
It will be appreciated that, refer to the interior oxygen-containing gas that is blown into continuously of furnace chamber 101: while normally production, uninterruptedly blow continuously oxygen-containing gas, can avoid damaging Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20, certainly,, in the time that nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device breaks down or normally keeps in repair, Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20 also needs to stop blowing.
Periodically blow side compared with oxygen-containing gas with traditional PS converter, unit time air output reduces, and unit time exhaust gas volumn is little, Heat stability is good, and converting process and blowing flue gas treating processes cost and energy consumption are low, and efficiency is high.
Advantageously, Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20 is blown into oxygen-containing gas in the nickel matte layer C1 in furnace chamber 101 continuously from the bottom of body of heater 10.
As shown in Figure 1, in furnace chamber 101, melt can be divided into two portions (two-phase): nickel matte layer C1 and blowing slag blanket C2, and L1, L2 is respectively nickel matte metal line and blowing slag metal line.
Be to the beneficial effect that blows continuously oxygen-containing gas in nickel matte layer: in described nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device; nickel matte layer C1 is positioned at blowing slag blanket C2 below; by being blown into continuously oxygen-containing gas to nickel matte layer C1 bottom; can stir better melt; optimize the distribution of blowing gas in melt; extend the oxygen residence time in nickel matte layer C1 being blown into; react more abundant; when utilization is blown into gas effective cooling protection spray gun; improve the utilization ratio of blowing oxygen; the consumption that this can reduce oxygen-containing gas, reduces costs.In addition can make reaction more abundant because bottom is blown into oxygen-containing gas continuously, thereby avoid oxygen-containing gas waste, the consumption that this can reduce oxygen-containing gas, further reduces costs.
And, by be blown into continuously oxygen-containing gas in nickel matte layer, can make the oxygen gesture of nickel matte layer bottom the highest, from bottom to top oxygen gesture progressively declines, this had both been conducive to impurity element (Zn, the Pb etc.) oxidation being mixed in nickel matte layer to be removed, and was conducive to again suppress oxidation and the Fe of nickel
3o
4growing amount, prevent Fe
3o
4the generation of precipitation and foamy slag.By be blown into continuously oxygen-containing gas in described nickel matte layer, can make furnace temperature stable, overcome the excessive shortcoming of converter discontinuous running temperature fluctuation, be conducive to increase substantially the work-ing life of described nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device, reduce refractory consumption rate and maintenance load, thereby reduced nickel metallurgy cost.And described nickel matte bottom blowing blowing technology can make the SO in exhaust gas volumn and flue gas
2stable content equilibrium, body of heater does not need frequent rotation, thereby air leak rate of air curtain is declined to a great extent, and has overcome converter discontinuous running exhaust gas volumn and the smoke components large shortcoming that fluctuates, and is conducive to relieving haperacidity, reduces the investment of Liao Suan factory and running cost.
Advantageously, join at low nickel matte that furnace chamber 101 is interior to blow out after high nickel matte, first high part nickel matte is discharged.Then improve and add low nickel matte in furnace chamber 101 and the ratio that is blown into the oxygen that blows in nickel matte layer C1, deslagging after Armco magnetic iron content in the oxide compound partial reduction of the valuable metals such as the nickel in blowing slag, cobalt, copper, slag can being reduced, thereby reduce the viscosity of blowing slag, reduce the valuable metal content such as nickel in blowing slag, reduce deslagging operation intensity, improve the security of deslagging operation.
As mentioned above, the angle α between the injection direction of Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20 and direction straight up can be at-120 degree to the scope of+120 degree.Preferably, the angle α between the injection direction of Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20 and direction straight up can be at-60 degree to the scope of+60 degree.Advantageously, the angle α between the injection direction of Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20 and direction straight up spends to the scopes of+30 degree-30.Be understandable that, in the time that the volume of nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device 1 is large, the melt of processing is many, and angle α can be larger, otherwise angle α can be smaller, wears in order to avoid blow, and causes oxygen-containing gas waste, impact blowing effect.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20 and be orthogonal to angle β between the axial direction of described nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device at-30 degree to the scopes of+30 degree.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described angle β is 0 degree.
Can also comprise in furnace chamber 101 and add the various nickeliferous intermediate material or the outsourcing nickel-containing material (being referred to as cold burden) that in smelting process, produce according to the nickel matte bottom blowing blowing technology of the embodiment of the present invention, both can make full use of the chemical reaction heat save energy producing in converting process, be convenient to again stable regulation and control blowing temperature, reduce energy consumption and blowing cost, further expanded the technique scope of application.
According to embodiments of the invention, described flux can be at least one in the mixture of quartzite, quartzite and lime and the mixture of quartzite and Wingdale.Adopt the acid slag produced as flux of quartzite less to the erosion of furnace lining, but acid slag stickiness is large, mobility is poor, the metallic sulfides such as the nickel being mingled with in the slag that causes blowing are higher, and easily produce foamy slag, affect production safety.For solving the problem of acid slag, the present invention proposes again to adopt the mixture of quartzite and lime or the mixture of quartzite and Wingdale as flux slag making, and this blowing slag is called slightly acidic slag by the present invention.Adopting slightly acidic slag can keep less to the aggressiveness of furnace lining, can improve to a certain extent again the mobility of slag, reduce nickel matte being mingled with in slag, and can reduce the risk of foamy slag, is preferred technical scheme.
Preferably, described blowing slag can be by the continuous blow-down of overflow mode.Certainly, also can be by overflow mode intermittent discharge, or by the mode intermittent discharge of perforating on body of heater 10.
Preferably, described high nickel matte can pass through siphon mode continuous blow-down.Certainly, also can pass through siphon mode intermittent discharge, or by the mode intermittent discharge of perforating on body of heater 10.
In examples more of the present invention, the blowing temperature in nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device 1 can be 1150 degrees Celsius-1330 degrees Celsius, maintains the carrying out of converting process.Advantageously, the blowing temperature in nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device 1 can be 1200 degrees Celsius-1280 degrees Celsius, more safely maintains the carrying out of converting process.In addition, according to the blowing technology of the embodiment of the present invention, in the nickel matte layer that can blow in device 1 to nickel matte bottom blowing, spray into nitrogen, to stir melt, improve blowing effect and high nickel matte quality.
According to nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device and the nickel matte bottom blowing blowing technology of the embodiment of the present invention, can realize the continuous converting of nickel matte, the exhaust gas volumn of generation is few, concentration stabilize, environmental protection, high nickel matte stay in grade, blowing efficiency is high, and cost is low, and use range is wide.
In the description of this specification sheets, the description of reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiment ", " example ", " concrete example " or " some examples " etc. means to be contained at least one embodiment of the present invention or example in conjunction with specific features, structure, material or the feature of this embodiment or example description.In this manual, the schematic statement of above-mentioned term is not necessarily referred to identical embodiment or example.And specific features, structure, material or the feature of description can be with suitable mode combination in any one or more embodiment or example.
Although illustrated and described embodiments of the invention above, be understandable that, above-described embodiment is exemplary, can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can change above-described embodiment within the scope of the invention in the situation that not departing from principle of the present invention and aim, amendment, replacement and modification.
Claims (35)
1. a nickel matte bottom blowing blowing technology, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Low liquid state nickel matte is joined in nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device;
Flux is joined in nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device;
In the melt that utilizes Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun to blow in device to described nickel matte bottom blowing from the bottom of described nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device, be blown into continuously oxygen-containing gas; With
In described nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device, discharge respectively high nickel matte and blowing slag.
2. nickel matte bottom blowing blowing technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described oxygen-containing gas is continuously blown in the nickel matte layer of described melt.
3. nickel matte bottom blowing blowing technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described low liquid state nickel matte is joined in nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device is by the low nickel matte of liquid state of nickel smelting production being sent into described nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device with the direct-connected chute of nickel smelting.
4. nickel matte bottom blowing blowing technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described low liquid state nickel matte is joined in nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device is to utilize nickel matte bag that low liquid state nickel matte is joined in nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device, is specially one of following manner:
Low nickel matte in described nickel matte bag is directly poured in described nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device by the charging opening of described nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device;
Low nickel matte in nickel matte bag is joined to described nickel matte bottom blowing through chute to blow in device;
Pour the low nickel matte in nickel matte bag into insulation bag, then the low nickel matte in described insulation bag is joined to described nickel matte bottom blowing through chute and blow in device.
5. nickel matte bottom blowing blowing technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun is located at below the horizontal center line of body of heater of described nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device.
6. nickel matte bottom blowing blowing technology according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the angle α between described Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun and direction straight up spends to the scopes of+120 degree-120.
7. nickel matte bottom blowing blowing technology according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the angle α between described Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun and direction straight up spends to the scopes of+60 degree-60.
8. nickel matte bottom blowing blowing technology according to claim 7, is characterized in that, the angle α between described Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun and direction straight up spends to the scopes of+30 degree-30.
9. nickel matte bottom blowing blowing technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun and be orthogonal to angle β between the axial direction of described nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device at-30 degree to the scopes of+30 degree.
10. nickel matte bottom blowing blowing technology according to claim 9, is characterized in that, described angle β is 0 degree.
11. nickel matte bottom blowing blowing technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprise in described nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device and add cold burden.
12. nickel matte bottom blowing blowing technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described flux is at least one in the mixture of quartzite, quartzite and lime and the mixture of quartzite and Wingdale.
13. nickel matte bottom blowing blowing technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described blowing slag is by the continuous blow-down of overflow mode.
14. nickel matte bottom blowing blowing technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described high nickel matte is by siphon mode continuous blow-down.
15. nickel matte bottom blowing blowing technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the blowing temperature in described nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device is 1150-1330 degree Celsius.
16. nickel matte bottom blowing blowing technology according to claim 15, is characterized in that, described blowing temperature is 1200-1280 degree Celsius.
17. nickel matte bottom blowing blowing technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the stokehold pressure of described oxygen-containing gas is 0.2-0.8MPa.
18. nickel matte bottom blowing blowing technology according to claim 17, is characterized in that, the stokehold pressure of described oxygen-containing gas is 0.4-0.6MPa.
19. nickel matte bottom blowing blowing technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the oxygen concentration of described oxygen-containing gas is 20-99.6%.
20. nickel matte bottom blowing blowing technology according to claim 19, is characterized in that, the oxygen concentration of described oxygen-containing gas is 30-75%.
21. nickel matte bottom blowing blowing technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in the melt that described Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun also blows in device to described nickel matte bottom blowing, spray into nitrogen.
22. 1 kinds of nickel matte bottom blowing blowing devices, is characterized in that, comprising:
Body of heater, in described body of heater, have furnace chamber, described body of heater has for adding the charging opening of the material that comprises low nickel matte in described furnace chamber, for discharging the slag-drip opening of blowing slag, for discharging the high nickel matte discharge outlet of high nickel matte, for discharging the smoke outlet of flue gas and being located at the spray gun jack of the bottom of described body of heater;
Nickel matte bag, for joining low liquid state nickel matte in described furnace chamber; With
Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun, described Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun is inserted in described spray gun jack, for being blown into continuously oxygen-containing gas in the melt in described furnace chamber.
23. nickel matte bottom blowings according to claim 22 blowing devices, is characterized in that, described charging opening comprises for adding the first charging opening of low nickel matte and flux and for add the second charging opening of cold burden in described furnace chamber in described furnace chamber.
24. nickel matte bottom blowing blowing devices according to claim 22, is characterized in that, described charging opening and described smoke outlet share an opening.
25. nickel matte bottom blowing blowing devices according to claim 22, is characterized in that, described Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun is blown into described oxygen-containing gas in the nickel matte layer of described melt continuously.
26. nickel matte bottom blowing blowing devices according to claim 22, is characterized in that, described nickel matte bag is for directly pouring low described liquid state nickel matte in described furnace chamber by the charging opening of described body of heater.
27. nickel matte bottom blowing blowing devices according to claim 22, is characterized in that, described nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device also comprises chute, and described nickel matte bag is used for low described liquid state nickel matte in described chute joins described furnace chamber.
28. nickel matte bottom blowing blowing devices according to claim 22, it is characterized in that, described nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device also comprises insulation bag and chute, described insulation bag is incubated for the low nickel matte of liquid state that described nickel matte bag is poured into, and for by the low nickel matte of described insulation bag in described chute joins described furnace chamber.
29. nickel matte bottom blowing blowing devices according to claim 22, is characterized in that, described body of heater is rotating cylindrical horizontal container.
30. nickel matte bottom blowing blowing devices according to claim 22, is characterized in that, described Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun is located at below the horizontal center line of described body of heater.
31. nickel matte bottom blowing blowing devices according to claim 30, is characterized in that, the angle α between described Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun and direction straight up spends to the scopes of+120 degree-120.
32. nickel matte bottom blowing blowing devices according to claim 31, is characterized in that, the angle α between described Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun and direction straight up spends to the scopes of+60 degree-60.
33. nickel matte bottom blowing blowing devices according to claim 32, is characterized in that, the angle α between described Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun and direction straight up spends to the scopes of+30 degree-30.
34. nickel matte bottom blowings according to claim 22 blowing devices, is characterized in that, described Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun be orthogonal to angle β between the axial direction of described nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device at-30 degree to+30 scopes of spending.
35. nickel matte bottom blowings according to claim 34 blowing devices, is characterized in that, described Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun is 0 degree with being orthogonal to the angle β that described nickel matte bottom blowing blows between the axial direction of device.
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| CN201310064281.2A CN104018007B (en) | 2013-02-28 | 2013-02-28 | Nickel matte bottom blowing converting process and nickel matte bottom blowing blowing device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111961880A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-11-20 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Method for producing metallized nickel anode plate by using bottom blowing furnace |
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