CN102688059A - X 射线设备 - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
- H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
- H05G1/02—Constructional details
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/02—Arrangements for diagnosis sequentially in different planes; Stereoscopic radiation diagnosis
- A61B6/03—Computed tomography [CT]
- A61B6/032—Transmission computed tomography [CT]
- A61B6/035—Mechanical aspects of CT
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/44—Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis
- A61B6/4429—Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis related to the mounting of source units and detector units
- A61B6/4435—Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis related to the mounting of source units and detector units the source unit and the detector unit being coupled by a rigid structure
- A61B6/4441—Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis related to the mounting of source units and detector units the source unit and the detector unit being coupled by a rigid structure the rigid structure being a C-arm or U-arm
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- A61B6/4429—Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis related to the mounting of source units and detector units
- A61B6/4452—Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis related to the mounting of source units and detector units the source unit and the detector unit being able to move relative to each other
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- A61B6/50—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment specially adapted for specific body parts; specially adapted for specific clinical applications
- A61B6/504—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment specially adapted for specific body parts; specially adapted for specific clinical applications for diagnosis of blood vessels, e.g. by angiography
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/44—Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis
- A61B6/4429—Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis related to the mounting of source units and detector units
- A61B6/4458—Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis related to the mounting of source units and detector units the source unit or the detector unit being attached to robotic arms
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种X射线设备,所述X射线设备带有至少一个X射线辐射器(4)和一个为检测X射线辐射而设置的拍摄***(5)作为所述X射线设备的可单独调节的X射线部件。两个分别至少间接地支承X射线部件的臂(3)这样地定位在借助于支承着臂(3)的合适的肩关节构造(1)而形成的环形结构(2)中,使得所述臂(3)可以尽可能相互正交支承地围绕共同的旋转轴线(11)旋转。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及X射线设备,所述X射线设备包括至少一个X射线辐射器和至少一个为检测X射线辐射而设置的拍摄***作为所述X射线设备的可单独调节的X射线部件。
背景技术
血管造影应用在体内操作的成像中具有重要地位。除了血管造影模态的经典任务,例如在可静态但灵活地定位的图像拍摄***中的血管显示之外,现代的3D图像重建方法具有重要意义。为生成要求的数据,图像序列必须在图像拍摄***的精确限定的轨道上被拍摄。此技术目前已在具有现有模态的领域中可购得(动态CT,螺旋CT)。
在血管造影中所使用的X射线设备的扩展的结构类型是C型弓臂X射线设备。支承X射线源及其所属检测器的C型弓臂能够以可运动的方式铰接在可行驶的单元上。X射线设备的C型弓臂的引导可在折叠臂机械人上进行。机械人臂实现了X射线源和X射线检测器在围绕患者的限定的轨道上的运动。
虽然C型弓臂X射线设备主要设计用于灵活但静态地获取投影拍摄,但利用沿围绕旋转轴线的环周环绕的X射线辐射源工作的计算机断层成像设备用于生成截面图像拍摄。在部分区域内,计算机断层成像设备可通过也可生成截面图像的具有扩展功能范围的C型弓臂X射线设备替代。截面图像在此从图像序列中生成,所述图像序列使用可沿一条轨迹移动的拍摄***获得。但重建质量达不到使用计算机断层成像设备可实现的重建质量。此外,不能实现图像拍摄***的完全旋转。
其原因一方面在于,在CT设备中图像拍摄***实现了很高的旋转速度。在拍摄期间由于患者或器官(例如心脏)的运动导致的重建伪影因此被降低到最小程度;其原因另一方面是,由于***能够很刚性地构建,因而在很高的程度上实现了旋转的可复现性。这导致最初被测量的辐射焦点和检测器的圆形轨道能够以很高的质量被重复,且因此实现了通过所存储的投影矩阵的高精度重建。
动态CT和类似的可以C型弓臂执行的3D重建目前仅能以有限的质量实现。为实现更高的质量,需要:
1)提高旋转速度,和
2)改进***的可复现性。
但在目前可能的结构形式的C型弓臂***中,此企图仍无法实现。
对于1):即便一些血管造影***已可使C型弓臂以更高的速度旋转,则当C型弓臂的旋转快于90°/s时(相比之下,CT的旋转快于1000°/s),由于开放性的结构形式出现了对于患者和操作人员的明显的安全性风险。
对于2):C型弓臂结构本质上很容易发生振动。此外,此不希望的振动不可完全地复现。因为在该结构内不存在主动补偿可能的振动的促动器,所以很难或不能实现高精度的可复现性。此外,使C型弓臂运动的***对于每个轴仅具有有限的重复精度。在串联运动机构中,可复现性的误差在最坏的情况下叠加。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是克服前述缺点。
本发明的一个方面基于从DE102008032294A1和相应的US2010/0008474A1中已知的附件的扩展。
根据本发明的X射线设备具有X射线辐射器及其所属的拍摄***,特别是平面检测器。合称为X射线部件的X射线辐射器和拍摄***分别直接或间接地由至少一个臂支承。
本发明建议,使用合适的肩关节构造将运动机构的臂设置为环形结构,且在此以限定的形状配合进行锚固。如果环本身根据与DE102008032294A1中相同的设置由滑环支承且被旋转驱动,则可在很高的***刚性下实现高的旋转速度。这不存在安全性风险,因为***在患者和操作人员的方向上通过环封闭。如果例如在介入成像的情况中需要自由地接近患者,则臂运动出环形结构,且形成在DE 10 2008 032 294 A1中所建议的具有全部运动自由度的***的通常的图像。所建议的结构的很有利的副作用是***在“驶入”位置时的很小的位置需求。
重要的优点在于,在一个***的圆周运动的预计很好的可复现性下可实现很高的旋转速度(类似于CT),该***由于其开放式结构也适合于介入成像。3D成像的质量与开放式C型弓臂的优点得以结合。
如下给出一个或多个实施例的描述。
附图说明
本发明的另外的优点、细节和扩展从如下的实施例描述中结合附图可见。各图为:
图1从前视图中示意性地示出了本发明,
图2在侧视图中示意性地示出了本发明,且
图3示意性地示出了前述现有技术。
具体实施方式
对于在DE102008032294A1中所建议的带有相同的关节构造(RRSRRR)的***(见图3),扩大鼓1的半径(图1)以形成环形结构2,在所述环形结构2中具有支承臂3、辐射器4和优选地为平面检测器的检测器5的位置。在此,臂可优选地形成为长度可调节,以可将辐射器和检测器最优地定位在环形结构内。关节6实现了“驶入运动”。在已驶入的构造中,通过锁定设备7实现了辐射器和检测器的所限定的位置的固定。***通过基座8和旋转自由度9与天花板连接,且可因此通过笛卡尔天花板悬挂装置在台上方或旁侧任意运行(见例如图2中的附图标记10)。从DE102008032 294A1中已知的***的第一旋转轴线11可在已驶入的构造中用于提高的旋转速度。在可旋转性不受限制的情况下,借助于滑环提供通向X射线部件的能量和/或信号传输。以上所述的臂、辐射器和检测器在环形结构内的定位在此可通过未示出的控制装置来控制。
Claims (5)
1.一种X射线设备,该X射线设备带有作为第一X射线部件的、能够通过至少一个臂(3)调节的X射线辐射器(4)和作为另一个X射线部件的、能够独立于所述X射线辐射器(4)地通过至少一个另外的臂(3)调节的拍摄***(5),其特征在于,两个分别至少间接地支承了一个X射线部件的臂(3)能够定位在借助于支承臂(3)的、合适的肩关节构造(1)而形成的环形结构(2)中,使得所述臂(3)能够尽可能相互正交支承地围绕共同的旋转轴线(11)旋转。
2.根据前述权利要求所述的X射线设备,其特征在于,X射线部件能够借助于此支承臂(3)定位在环形结构(2)之内或之外。
3.根据前述权利要求中一项所述的X射线设备,其特征在于,X射线部件能够通过锁定设备(7)锚固在结构(2)中。
4.根据前述权利要求中一项所述的X射线设备,其特征在于,臂(3)设计为长度可调节的。
5.根据前述权利要求中一项所述的X射线设备,其特征在于,通过控制装置能够控制臂(3)和X射线部件的定位。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102011005847.8 | 2011-03-21 | ||
DE102011005847.8A DE102011005847B4 (de) | 2011-03-21 | 2011-03-21 | Röntgeneinrichtung |
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CN102688059A true CN102688059A (zh) | 2012-09-26 |
CN102688059B CN102688059B (zh) | 2017-03-01 |
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CN201210075928.7A Active CN102688059B (zh) | 2011-03-21 | 2012-03-21 | X射线设备 |
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US (1) | US20130070907A1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN102688059B (zh) |
DE (1) | DE102011005847B4 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE102012217606A1 (de) * | 2012-09-27 | 2014-03-27 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | rrichtung und Verfahren für eine Röntgeneinheit |
CN108475443B (zh) * | 2015-12-30 | 2023-07-28 | 皇家飞利浦有限公司 | 血管结构的合成表示 |
CN108496205B (zh) * | 2015-12-30 | 2023-08-15 | 皇家飞利浦有限公司 | 身体部分的三维模型 |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4541108A (en) * | 1984-01-30 | 1985-09-10 | John K. Grady | X-Ray apparatus with tilting table |
JP2003038473A (ja) * | 2001-07-31 | 2003-02-12 | Shimadzu Corp | X線撮影装置 |
CN1643371A (zh) * | 2002-03-19 | 2005-07-20 | 分离成像有限责任公司 | 成像大视野物体的***和方法 |
CN1671324A (zh) * | 2002-03-13 | 2005-09-21 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | 设有位置可调的检测器的x射线设备 |
US20070140436A1 (en) * | 2005-12-15 | 2007-06-21 | Eastman Kodak Company | Dual telescoping support member digital radiography imaging system |
CN101102813A (zh) * | 2004-12-10 | 2008-01-09 | 离子束应用股份有限公司 | 病人定位成像装置和方法 |
CN101252883A (zh) * | 2005-08-31 | 2008-08-27 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | 钳口大小可变的x射线机架 |
CN101828926A (zh) * | 2009-03-10 | 2010-09-15 | 麦迪国际株式会社 | 轨道***和使用该轨道***的x射线成像装置 |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE102008032294A1 (de) | 2008-07-09 | 2010-01-14 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Röntgeneinrichtung |
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- 2011-03-21 DE DE102011005847.8A patent/DE102011005847B4/de active Active
-
2012
- 2012-03-20 US US13/425,344 patent/US20130070907A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-03-21 CN CN201210075928.7A patent/CN102688059B/zh active Active
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4541108A (en) * | 1984-01-30 | 1985-09-10 | John K. Grady | X-Ray apparatus with tilting table |
JP2003038473A (ja) * | 2001-07-31 | 2003-02-12 | Shimadzu Corp | X線撮影装置 |
CN1671324A (zh) * | 2002-03-13 | 2005-09-21 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | 设有位置可调的检测器的x射线设备 |
CN1643371A (zh) * | 2002-03-19 | 2005-07-20 | 分离成像有限责任公司 | 成像大视野物体的***和方法 |
CN101102813A (zh) * | 2004-12-10 | 2008-01-09 | 离子束应用股份有限公司 | 病人定位成像装置和方法 |
CN101252883A (zh) * | 2005-08-31 | 2008-08-27 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | 钳口大小可变的x射线机架 |
US20070140436A1 (en) * | 2005-12-15 | 2007-06-21 | Eastman Kodak Company | Dual telescoping support member digital radiography imaging system |
CN101828926A (zh) * | 2009-03-10 | 2010-09-15 | 麦迪国际株式会社 | 轨道***和使用该轨道***的x射线成像装置 |
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US20130070907A1 (en) | 2013-03-21 |
DE102011005847A1 (de) | 2012-09-27 |
DE102011005847B4 (de) | 2017-04-27 |
CN102688059B (zh) | 2017-03-01 |
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