CN102665751B - 抗雄激素剂、皮脂分泌抑制剂、育发剂以及饮食品 - Google Patents

抗雄激素剂、皮脂分泌抑制剂、育发剂以及饮食品 Download PDF

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CN102665751B
CN102665751B CN201080058700.6A CN201080058700A CN102665751B CN 102665751 B CN102665751 B CN 102665751B CN 201080058700 A CN201080058700 A CN 201080058700A CN 102665751 B CN102665751 B CN 102665751B
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lactoferrin
androgenic agent
sebum secretion
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儿玉悠史
樋口裕明
成濑敦
樱井孝治
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Lotte Co Ltd
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Abstract

提供具有高抗雄激素作用、无副作用且安全性也优异的抗雄激素剂，以及以该抗雄激素剂为有效成分的皮脂分泌抑制剂、育发剂。抗雄激素剂的特征是含有乳铁蛋白，皮脂分泌抑制剂的特征是混合该抗雄激素剂作为有效成分，育发剂的特征是混合该抗雄激素剂作为有效成分，以及提供含有以乳铁蛋白为有效成分的抗雄激素剂的饮食品。

Description

抗雄激素剂、皮脂分泌抑制剂、育发剂以及饮食品
技术领域
本发明涉及抗雄激素剂、以及含有该抗雄激素剂作为有效成分的皮脂分泌抑制剂、育发剂。
背景技术
多数类固醇激素是由产生脏器分泌的分子型，与受体结合发挥其作用，统称为雄激素的男性激素的情况下，例如睾酮由脑下垂体、肾上腺、睾丸等生成，进入目标脏器的细胞内被睾酮5α-还原酶还原为5α-氢睾酮（DHT）后，与受体结合，发挥作为雄激素的作用。
雄激素是重要的激素，如果它过度发挥作用则会诱发男性型秃头、多毛症、皮脂溢、痤疮、***肥大症、***肿瘤、男童性早熟等各种不良症状。因此，考虑通过抑制过剩的雄激素的作用来改善这些不良症状，作为其方法，有通过阻碍将睾酮还原为活性型DHT的睾酮5α-还原酶的作用来抑制生成活性DHT的方法，通过阻碍由睾酮产生的DHT与受体结合从而使其不能发挥作用的方法。
因此，这一次，通过睾酮5α-还原酶阻碍试验、雄激素受体结合阻碍试验以及使用了培养的仓鼠皮脂腺细胞的皮脂腺功能抑制评价法对几种天然原材料进行筛选，结果发现，哺乳动物的乳汁、泪液、唾液、胆汁等分泌物中存在的乳铁蛋白具有高抗雄激素作用，具有抑制皮脂分泌的可能性。
一直以来，人们进行了各种有关乳铁蛋白的研究。从这些结果可知，乳铁蛋白具有以下作用：通过螯合作用从葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌中争夺铁成分从而抑制菌和病毒的繁殖；增加乳酸菌、双叉乳酸杆菌等益生菌；提高铁成分的吸收、预防贫血；使自然杀伤细胞等免疫细胞活性化、提高免疫力；减轻生理痛、预防骨质疏松、平定情绪；激动T细胞、降低IgE抗体、减少由肥大细胞产生的组胺、缓解花粉过敏症等的过敏症状；改善口腔炎、口臭和脚癣等；使针对C型肝炎的血清“白介素-18”上升；保护粘膜、缓解干眼和干唇等症状；抑制致癌性物质的生成、预防肝癌和大肠癌等癌症；抑制弓浆虫等原虫的繁殖；减低内脏脂肪等。
关于所述乳铁蛋白的安全性，目前尚无充分的数据，虽然也有一些关于孕妇和产妇应避免过量摄取乳铁蛋白的意见，但是乳铁蛋白是大量存在于母乳和牛乳中的成分，一般认为对人体带来不良影响的可能性较小。
进而，关于所述乳铁蛋白的种类，牛乳中含有的是牛乳铁蛋白，人体中含有的是人乳铁蛋白，虽然两者是不同的种类，但是如果人摄取了牛乳铁蛋白那么在此人的血液中的人乳铁蛋白会增加。这个机理尚不明了。虽然乳铁蛋白对于消化酶较有耐受性、不易被分解，但是从被消化酶分解为较大块状的乳铁蛋白生成抗菌作用较强的乳铁蛋白肽，因此，通常认为这与该机理有关。
在这些乳铁蛋白的研究中，具体可以例举以下文献。
专利文献1是涉及痤疮治疗的文献，权利要求中记载了“用于配制针对治疗痤疮的口服组合物的、由含有乳铁蛋白构成的乳浆蛋白质部分的使用”。但是没有关于其作用机制的详细记载。
专利文献2、3、4、5是涉及抗炎症、皮脂调节、抗菌活性和由β防卫素（抗菌肽）产生促进而引起的痤疮的治疗的文献。专利文献3记载了“目前已知水解乳蛋白在改善毛发和皮肤的状态时使用。该物质改善干燥肌肤上的皮脂溢出，用作为降低油性肌肤皮脂过剩产生的皮脂调节剂”。但是没有关于乳铁蛋白的记载。专利文献6是涉及由乳铁蛋白的抗氧化活性引起的抗脱发效果的文献，是关于减轻在头皮表面生成的氧化应激对毛囊的不良影响的内容，没有关于乳铁蛋白的抗雄激素作用的记载。专利文献7是涉及改善源于乳铁蛋白的抗炎活性的尿频和***肥大的文献，是关于将压迫尿路的炎症平息化，使排尿容易化的内容，没有关于抗雄激素作用的记载。非专利文献1提到了乳铁蛋白对皮脂的效果，但是没有具体公开详细内容。
如上，现有技术虽然公开了乳铁蛋白的痤疮治疗效果（口服）、皮脂溢症（外敷）、抗脱发（外敷）、尿频改善效果（口服）或基于水解乳蛋白质的皮脂调节的痤疮治疗的内容，但是从乳铁蛋白的作用机理的观点，还不存在提及乳铁蛋白的抗雄激素作用的文献。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本专利特表2008-533134号公报
专利文献2:日本专利特表2008-501772号公报
专利文献3:日本专利特表2007-523137号公报
专利文献4:日本专利特表2003-89629号公报
专利文献5:国际公开第2005-077349号公报
专利文献6:日本专利特开2007-22923号公报
专利文献7:日本专利特开2006-206547号公报
非专利文献
【非专利文献1】“Supporting healthy complexion from the inside withPraventin”DMV international
发明内容
发明所要解决的技术问题
本发明的目的是提供具有高抗雄激素作用、无副作用且安全性也优异的抗雄激素剂，以及以该抗雄激素剂为有效成分的皮脂分泌抑制剂、育发剂。
解决技术问题所采用的技术方案
为了解决上述技术问题，针对几种天然原材料进行了筛选，结果发现，哺乳动物的乳汁、泪液、唾液、胆汁等分泌物中存在的乳铁蛋白具有高抗雄激素作用，从而完成了本发明。
本发明涉及抗雄激素剂，其特征是，含有乳铁蛋白。
本发明涉及皮脂分泌抑制剂，其特征是，混合上述抗雄激素剂作为有效成分。
本发明涉及育发剂，其特征是，混合上述抗雄激素剂作为有效成分。
本发明涉及饮食品，其含有以乳铁蛋白为有效成分的抗雄激素剂。
发明的效果
本发明能制成漱口剂、吸入剂、含片剂等制剂以及制成口香糖、糖果、压片糖、软糖、饼干、巧克力等点心、雪糕、饮料等形式食品日常使用摄取，对于男性型脱发症和粗毛等毛发病症、***肥大和***肿瘤等疾病、皮脂分泌过剩引起的寻常性痤疮和脂溢等皮肤疾病的预防和治疗是有效的。进而，本发明的抗雄激素剂效力非常高，且无副作用，安全性也非常优异。
附图说明
【图1】表示睾酮5α－还原酶阻碍活性的图。
【图2】表示雄激素受体结合阻碍率的图。
【图3】表示皮脂腺细胞的皮脂合成量的图。
【图4】表示皮脂腺细胞的油红0染色（脂腺细胞培养试验结果）的显微镜照片的图。
具体实施方式
[实施例1]
睾酮5α-还原酶阻碍试验
<试验方法>
1.3.0mM睾酮溶液(用丙二醇溶解)0.1ml中加入5mM Tris-HCl缓冲液(pH7.2)0.5ml。
2.加入6.7mM NADPH溶液(溶解在5mM Tris-HCl缓冲液(pH7.2)中)0.1ml和样品溶液(溶解在50％乙醇中)0.05ml，在37℃下预热后，加入酶液（S-9，东方酵母（オリエンタル酵母））0.1ml，恒温1小时。
本试验中，配制来自牛的乳铁蛋白作为乳铁蛋白使用，使用前列通（ノコギリヤシ）作为对照。
3.然后，加入3ml二氯甲烷使反应停止，加入0.5ml的内标溶液(0.1mg/ml的对羟基苯甲酸正己酯)，振荡10分钟，以3000rmp的速度离心分离10分钟。
4.分离取出二氯甲烷层，进行减压干燥。在干燥物中加入5ml甲醇使其溶解，制成试样溶液。通过高效液相色谱法（HPLC）测定获得的试样溶液中残存的睾酮的含量。
测定条件：使用YMC A-302(内径4.6×150mm)柱，柱温40℃，流速1ml/分钟，在这样的条件下用甲醇/水（65/35）洗脱，在254nm处检测。此外，测定使用内标物法进行，阻碍率（%）由下式求出。
阻碍率（%）=(A-B)/(C-B)×100
A：加入试验液时的睾酮量
B：对照物30分钟的睾酮量（使用50%乙醇溶液代替试验液进行反应时的睾酮量）
C：对照物0分钟的睾酮量（在混合Tris-HCL缓冲液、睾酮、试验液和酶液后，加入NADPH前，加入二氯甲烷使反应不进行时的睾酮量）
<试验结果>
所得的结果示于图1。由图1可以清楚地看出，阳性对照的前列通在1000ppm的浓度显示出约35%的阻碍活性，乳铁蛋白没有看到睾酮5α-还原酶阻碍活性。
[实施例2]
雄激素受体结合阻碍试验
<试验方法>
1.使用含有2％DCC处理的FCS的MEM培养基，以1.0×104细胞/孔/100μl的细胞密度将雄激素依赖性小鼠乳癌细胞SC-3细胞接种在96孔微板中，在37℃、5％CO2-95％空气下培养。
2.24小时后，交换培养基，交换成添加了试验试样和10-8M的DHT的HMB培养基(含有0.1％BSA的Ham F12+MEM培养基)，培养48小时。
本试验中，配制来自牛的乳铁蛋白作为乳铁蛋白使用，使用螺甾内酯（スピロノラクトン）作为阳性对照。
3.然后，通过MTT还原法，测定甲臜蓝（ブル一ホルマザン）最大吸收点即570nm处的吸光度，评价细胞增殖。
为了校正附着细胞的影响，同时也测定650nm处的吸光度，以两个吸光度之差作为甲臜蓝的生成量。为了考察试样单独对SC-3细胞的影响，与上述平行地，在HMB培养基中不添加DHT而只添加试样，同样地培养，并进行测定。进而，作为对照，在不添加试样和DHT的HMB培养基中培养时，以及在不添加试样只添加DHT的HMB培养基中培养时也进行同样的测定。由测定结果，通过下式算出显示抗雄激素作用的结合阻碍率。
结合阻碍率（%）=〔{(A-B)-(C-D)}/(A-B)〕×100
A：添加DHT、未添加试样时的吸光度
B：未添加DHT、未添加试样时的吸光度
C：添加DHT、添加试样时的吸光度
D：未添加DHT、添加试样时的吸光度
<试验结果>
所得的结果示于图2。由图2可以清楚地看出，阳性对照螺甾内酯在10-5M的浓度下显示约70%的结合阻碍活性。关于乳铁蛋白，可以看到依赖浓度的结合阻碍活性，在60ppm的浓度下显示约85%的阻碍活性。
[实施例3]
皮脂腺细胞培养试验
<试验方法>
1.本试验中使用仓鼠皮脂腺细胞培养试剂盒KB-1000(仓敷纺织株式会社（クラボウ社）制)进行试验。
以5.0×104细胞/孔的密度将来自正常金黄仓鼠耳廓的皮脂腺细胞接种在24孔板。试验期间，在以1×10-6M的浓度含有睾酮的培养基中培养。
2.培养几天直至融合，然后，交换成含有试验试样的培养基。每隔一天用试样培养基进行培养基交换，持续培养约2周。
本试验中，配制来自牛的乳铁蛋白作为乳铁蛋白使用，使用螺甾内酯作为对照。
3.然后，使用皮脂合成测定试剂盒SE-3001(仓敷纺织株式会社（クラボウ社）制），将WST-8溶液添加到各孔中，在37℃下恒温培养30分钟。在波长450nm处测定上清液，计算测定活细胞数。
4.进而，油红0染色，显微镜观察，同时，用100%的异丙醇萃取，在波长520nm处测定，计算测量脂质合成量。
通过利用下式进行校正，比较每个细胞的脂质合成量。
每个细胞的脂质合成量的比较=吸光度B/吸光度A
吸光度A：细胞数测定值（450nm）
吸光度B：脂质合成量测定值（520nm）
<试验结果>
所得的结果示于图3和图4。由图3和图4可以清楚地看出，阳性对照螺甾内酯在1×10-5M的浓度下，在显微镜观察和吸光度测定中，较之于对照，皮脂的合成量减少。另一方面，在显微镜观察和吸光度测定中，乳铁蛋白浓度依赖性地抑制皮脂合成量，在10ppm、20ppm的浓度下将皮脂合成量抑制到60%。
接着，使用乳铁蛋白依常法配制成药丸、口香糖、糖果、巧克力、饼干、软糖、压片糖、片剂、冰淇淋、雪糕、饮料。以下显示为它们的配方。本发明的范围不受到这些限制。
[实施例4]
按照以下配方配制药丸。
Figure BDA00001796689300071
[实施例5]
按照以下配方配制口香糖。
Figure BDA00001796689300072
Figure BDA00001796689300081
[实施例6]
按照以下配方配制糖果。
Figure BDA00001796689300082
[实施例7]
按照以下配方配制巧克力。
[实施例8]
按照以下配方配制饼干。
Figure BDA00001796689300084
Figure BDA00001796689300091
[实施例9]
按照以下配方配制软糖。
Figure BDA00001796689300092
[实施例10]
按照以下配方配制压片糖。
Figure BDA00001796689300093
[实施例11]
按照以下配方配制片剂。
Figure BDA00001796689300094
Figure BDA00001796689300101
[实施例12]
按照以下配方配制冰淇淋。
Figure BDA00001796689300102
[实施例13]
按照以下配方配制雪糕。
Figure BDA00001796689300103
[实施例14]
按照以下配方配制饮料。
Figure BDA00001796689300104
Figure BDA00001796689300111
产业上利用的可能性
本发明作为向以具有抗雄激素作用的乳铁蛋白作为有效成分的商品类中的添加材料是有用的。此外，能够适用于糖果和口香糖等产品以及新的健康功能产品。
本申请主张基于2009年12月24日提出申请的日本专利申请号2009-292651号的优先权，引用其内容作为本申请的一部分。

Claims (3)

1.乳铁蛋白用于制备抗雄激素剂的用途。
2.如权利要求1所述的乳铁蛋白的用途，其特征在于，混合所述抗雄激素剂作为有效成分制备皮脂分泌抑制剂。
3.如权利要求1所述的乳铁蛋白的用途，其特征在于，混合所述抗雄激素剂作为有效成分制备饮食品。
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