CN102630604A - Method for herding sturgeons in lakes and reservoirs in saline-alkali waters on plateaus - Google Patents
Method for herding sturgeons in lakes and reservoirs in saline-alkali waters on plateaus Download PDFInfo
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- CN102630604A CN102630604A CN2011100373959A CN201110037395A CN102630604A CN 102630604 A CN102630604 A CN 102630604A CN 2011100373959 A CN2011100373959 A CN 2011100373959A CN 201110037395 A CN201110037395 A CN 201110037395A CN 102630604 A CN102630604 A CN 102630604A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for herding sturgeons in lakes and reservoirs in saline-alkali waters on the plateaus. The method comprises arrangement of lakes and reservoirs for herding type breeding of sturgeons, preparation of the sturgeons cultured by sturgeon fry culture and intensive breeding facilities, domesticating and feeding technology before sturgeon stocking and escape-proof net arrangement and catching methods. The method is characterized by selecting the lakes and reservoirs with flat bottoms, average depth of 3-4 meters, dead storage of more than 1/3 of waters area, waterweeds on more than 1/3 of area and benthos resources as the lakes and reservoirs for herding type breeding; throwing the sturgeons into the lakes and reservoirs when the water temperature is 10-12 DEG C in spring and autumn, ensuring the sturgeons to stop eating for one week before throwing the sturgeons into the lakes and reservoirs and carrying out feeding habit domestication with minced fish feeds prepared from silver carps and bighead carps or little fish for two weeks; and throwing compound feeds for the sturgeons into the deep water areas where the sturgeons haunt in June-August every year, centralizing the sturgeons in the lakes and reservoirs by zones with large purse nets when the sturgeons bred in the lakes and reservoirs are about 4-5kg respectively, catching the male sturgeons and continuously putting the female sturgeons back to the reservoirs to be bred until the gonads develop maturely.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method that plateau saline-alkali waters Hu Ku cultures sturgeon.
Background technology
High original numerous big or small lake of NORTHWEST CHINA and reservoir (claiming Hu Ku) with doffing, water quality pH is 8.35, salinity is 1706.61mg/L; Basicity is 507.55mg/L, and hardness is 465.13mg/L, and the water type is a magnesium sulfate III type; Most of lake Kucheng is idle water body, and the water body benefit is lower.The former Soviet Union adopted to river, lake, the reservoir formula of herding and cultures sturgeon at twentieth century beginning of the eighties, and the sturgeon product that obtains a year is earned foreign exchange 8,000,000,000 dollars for its country.There is similar ecological environmental condition in the lake that the northwest plateau Hu Ku and the former Soviet Union of China puts sturgeon in a suitable place to breed with reservoir; Natural environmental condition and food organisms resource all are superior to the Hu Ku of the former Soviet Union; Therefore, can carry out the sturgeon formula of herding at the northwest plateau saline-alkali water Hu Ku that only cultures as field irrigation and poor efficiency cultures.How to utilize these water bodys to carry out aquaculture, the breed variety that exploitation is fit to is one of key link that promotes western inland lake storehouse culture fishery.
Summary of the invention
The technical issues that need to address of the present invention provide a kind of adaptation in the technology that northwest plateau saline-alkali water Hu Ku cultures sturgeon, only make to obtain utilizing and exploitation as the plateau lake storehouse of irrigating and poor efficiency is cultured.
Technical scheme of the present invention comprises that being used for sturgeon herds the Hu Ku that formula is cultured; Be utilized in sturgeon seed rearing and intensive culture facility that western inland lake reservoir area is set up, carry out sturgeon from incubating oosperm, seed rearing and intensive culture; Domestication and feeding technology before sturgeon is put in a suitable place to breed; The anti-net of escaping is provided with and catching method, it is characterized in that selecting at the bottom of the Kuku, lake smooth, and mean depth of water 3～4m has the above minimum capacity of a reservoir of 1/3 water surface area, and the long 1/3 or more of storehouse, lake area has pasture and water and have that benthon is resourceful herds formula breed Hu Ku as sturgeon; The sturgeon that is employed in the sturgeon seed rearing set up western inland lake reservoir area and intensive culture is thrown in Hu Ku and carries out and herd the formula breed when 10～12 ℃ of spring and autumn water temperatures; Sturgeon to culturing the sturgeon about 400g/ tail specification, stopped eating for 1 week before throwing in the storehouse, lake; Change and throw the rotten feed of fish that silver carp flathead or small fish process and carry out domestication; 2 week of domestication time, select physically fitly then, accomplish the sturgeon that feeding habits transform and throw in Hu Ku; Throw in sturgeon manufactured feed in the profundal zone that sturgeon often haunts annual 6～August, throw something and feed once 21 of every nights, feeding volume be sturgeon in the storehouse, lake the estimation TBW 0.2～0.3%; Storehouse, lake water transport port and floodwater releasing port are blocked with mesh 5cm and are prevented escaping, and the block length of span raises to the higher plane of principle length than being 0.9 with block, and headline and infraclass length ratio are 0.9; The ratio 0.8 of the depth of water and net height, raising to the higher plane of principle fastens the spherical foam float of diameter 12cm, and the float spacing is 2m; Raising to the higher plane of principle is to connect 30kg/ anchor, and anchor is 20m at interval, and anchor line length is 5 with the ratio of the depth of water; Make the mesh bag of filling the stone scraper-trough conveyer along infraclass, mesh bag mouth diameter 15cm; The sturgeon of in the storehouse, lake, culturing reaches about 4～5kg/ tail; With seine net the sturgeon burst in the storehouse, lake is concentrated; Fish for out male sturgeon and be used for the deep processing of sturgeon, female sturgeon continues to put back to be cultured in the reservoir to gonadal maturation, to be used to develop sturgeon seed jam products.
The present invention compared with prior art; Its outstanding feature is to herd formula for the sturgeon that utilizes domestic western lake, reservoir to culture the supporting technology that provides; And at present domesticly only carried out the propagation of carrying out mandarin sturgeon, the acipenser schrencki work of releasing to rivers such as the Changjiang river, Heilungkiang, also there not be western at home lake, reservoir to carry out the precedent that sturgeon is herded the formula breed.In China, the east sturgeon relies on the sturgeon manufactured feed to throw something and feed with facility cultivation, pond culture and the cage culture of reservoir area, lake fully; And be that the sturgeon of culturing the drink of serving the meals below the 750g is main, and because sturgeon is an intensive culture, quantity is intensive, movable to be reduced; Therefore the sturgeon gonad maturity receives certain influence; Show as fat bag ovum, both influenced the fish brood amount of sturgeon, influenced the quality of sturgeon seed sauce again; Also receive " crossing the summer " simultaneously and culture the required waters restriction of big specification sturgeon.Culture the sturgeon method by the present invention's formula of herding and not only save a large amount of sturgeon manufactured feed costs; Can make full use of the abundant benthon resource (arthropods: insect larvae, shell-fish in western inland lake storehouse; Annelids: oligochaetes, Polychaeta; Mollusk: Bivalve, gastropod, small fishes), the sturgeon more low-carbon environment-friendly of growing; And the sturgeon of culturing for three whole year can reach about 4～5kg/ tail, for the deep processing and the exploitation sturgeon seed jam products of the sturgeon fish of supplying raw materials guarantees, for western inland lake storehouse sturgeon cultivation has been opened up bright prospects.
Embodiment
The present invention includes and be used to carry out the Hu Ku that sturgeon is herded the formula breed; Be utilized in sturgeon seed rearing and intensive culture facility that western inland lake reservoir area is set up, carry out sturgeon from incubating oosperm, seed rearing and intensive culture; Domestication and feeding technology before sturgeon is put in a suitable place to breed; The anti-net of escaping is provided with and catching method.The present invention selects at the bottom of the Kuku, lake smooth, and mean depth of water 3～4m has the above minimum capacity of a reservoir of enough 1/3 water surface areas, and the long 1/3 or more of storehouse, lake area has pasture and water and have that benthon is resourceful herds formula breed Hu Ku as sturgeon; Be employed in the sturgeon seed rearing and the sturgeon of intensive culture set up western inland lake reservoir area, when 10～12 ℃ of spring and autumn water temperatures, throw in reservoir and carry out the formula of herding and culture, before the sturgeon input storehouse, lake; To culturing the sturgeon about 400g/ tail specification; Stopped eating for 1 week, change and throw the rotten feed of fish that silver carp flathead or small fish process and carry out domestication, 2 week of domestication time; Select physically fitly then, accomplish the sturgeon that feeding habits transform and throw in Hu Ku; The present invention can produce potentiality and estimates bottom of the reservior, the lake animal fish that dwells through sampling, cultures the sturgeon supply volume scientific basis is provided for carrying out to herd at Hu Kuzhong; According to western inland lake storehouse annual 6～July be the characteristics in dry season; Throw in sturgeon manufactured feed in the profundal zone that sturgeon often haunts annual 6～August; Reduce because of water level dry season to remedy reservoir; The reservoir water surface area reduces and the sturgeon of the causing situation that the benthon food resource reduces of ingesting, and specific practice is that to throw in the length of side in the profundal zone that sturgeon often haunts be the square bait table of 2m, and it is that 40 mu of waters surface are thrown in 1 that bait table is thrown in density; Throw something and feed once 21 of every nights, feeding volume be sturgeon in the storehouse, lake the estimation TBW 0.2～0.3%; Storehouse, lake water transport port and floodwater releasing port are blocked with mesh 5cm and are prevented escaping, and the block length of span raises to the higher plane of principle length than being 0.9 with block, and headline and infraclass length ratio are 0.9; The ratio 0.8 of the depth of water and net height, raising to the higher plane of principle fastens the spherical foam float of diameter 12cm, and the float spacing is 2m; Raise to the higher plane of principle is to connect 30kg/ anchor; Anchor is 20m at interval, and anchor line length is 5 with the ratio of the depth of water, makes the mesh bag that (mesh bag mouth diameter 15cm) fills the stone scraper-trough conveyer along infraclass; The sturgeon of in the storehouse, lake, culturing reaches about 4～5kg/ tail; With seine net the sturgeon burst in the storehouse, lake is concentrated; Fish for out male sturgeon and be used for the deep processing of sturgeon, female sturgeon continues to put back to be cultured in the reservoir to gonadal maturation, realizes the maximization of sturgeon cultivation benefit.
Carrying out the herd formula of sturgeon in the storehouse, lake cultures; It is form, the depth of water, bottom environment condition according to Hu Ku that the benthic resource situation that sturgeon is ingested is carried out sampling analysis; 2 sampled points at a distance of 1000m are respectively established in trip in the upper, middle and lower, reservoir area; Go up, between the sampled point of middle reaches at a distance of 1500m, in, 1500m apart between the sampled downstream point.Spring (April 20), summer (July 20), autumn (September 20), winter (November 20), divide four seasons sampling.The sampling instrument uses area to be 1/16m
2Peter give birth to bottom sampler (Peter gives birth to bottom sampler when the being a kind of field investigation benthic equipment of collection commonly used mainly be made up of two jaw lobes, and two jaw lobes open for square, and the primary sample area is 1/16m
2), through 70 purpose bolting silk nets, washing and filtering goes out zoobenthos in water, detects whole samples, fixedly carries out weighing with the torsion Libra behind the 24h with 7% formalin; Carry out evaluation, the counting of kind then, it is (individual/m to be converted into density at last
2) and biomass (g/m
2).When estimation zoobenthos standing crop, try to achieve average biomass with arithmetic mean.Estimate when this storehouse fish produces potentiality, with reference to the method for Luo Junde (Primary Study of rich water reservoir zoobenthos is closed, fresh water fishery, 1988 (5): 24-28), mollusk is by standing crop, and feed coefficient is by 60; Oligochaetes, midge class the year minimum proliferative ability respectively by 2.2 times with 1.5 times, feed coefficient is by 6; Local shell-fish and amphipoda can be bred secondary in 1 year, and feed coefficient calculates by 5.Produce potentiality through the animal fish that dwelt in the bottom of the reservior, lake and estimate, scientific basis is provided for carrying out the formula of the herding breed sturgeon supply volume of sturgeon in the storehouse, lake.At random fish for sturgeon 10 tails with trap netting gear or silk screen every month, and the sturgeon growing state is detected, and measures the long and body weight of body of sturgeon, uses W=aL
bModel carries out match, coefficient of condition K=(W/L
3) * 100, above W is body weight (g), and L is body long (cm), and a is the condition factor, and b is a power exponent, utilizes variance analysis (One-Way ANOVA) to check the significance of difference month sturgeon growth differences.When the b index less than 3, when coefficient of condition K reduces with value for coefficient of variation significantly greater than other months, reflect that the sturgeon nutritional condition owes rich or living environment condition variation.For the sturgeon manufactured feed of in time in the storehouse, lake, throwing something and feeding provides foundation.
Claims (1)
1. plateau saline-alkali waters Hu Ku herds the method for sturgeon, comprises that being used for sturgeon herds the Hu Ku that formula is cultured; Be utilized in sturgeon seed rearing and intensive culture facility that western inland lake reservoir area is set up, carry out sturgeon from incubating oosperm, seed rearing and intensive culture; Domestication and feeding technology before sturgeon is put in a suitable place to breed; The anti-net of escaping is provided with and catching method, it is characterized in that selecting at the bottom of the Kuku, lake smooth, and mean depth of water 3～4m has the above minimum capacity of a reservoir of 1/3 water surface area, and the long 1/3 or more of storehouse, lake area has pasture and water and have that benthon is resourceful herds formula breed Hu Ku as sturgeon; The sturgeon that is employed in the sturgeon seed rearing set up western inland lake reservoir area and intensive culture is thrown in Hu Ku and carries out and herd the formula breed when 10～12 ℃ of spring and autumn water temperatures; Sturgeon to culturing the sturgeon about 400g/ tail specification, stopped eating for 1 week before throwing in the storehouse, lake; Change and throw the rotten feed of fish that silver carp flathead or small fish process and carry out domestication; 2 week of domestication time, select physically fitly, accomplish the sturgeon that feeding habits transform and throw in Hu Ku; Throw in sturgeon manufactured feed in the profundal zone that sturgeon often haunts annual 6～August, throw something and feed once 21 of every nights, feeding volume be sturgeon in the storehouse, lake the estimation TBW 0.2～0.3%; Storehouse, lake water transport port and floodwater releasing port are blocked with mesh 5cm and are prevented escaping, and the block length of span raises to the higher plane of principle length than being 0.9 with block, and headline and infraclass length ratio are 0.9; The ratio 0.8 of the depth of water and net height, raising to the higher plane of principle fastens the spherical foam float of diameter 12cm, and the float spacing is 2m; Raise to the higher plane of principle is to connect 30kg/ anchor; Anchor is 20m at interval, and anchor line length is 5 with the ratio of the depth of water, makes the mesh bag of filling the stone scraper-trough conveyer of mesh bag mouth diameter 15cm along infraclass; The sturgeon of in the storehouse, lake, culturing reaches about 4～5kg/ tail, with seine net the sturgeon burst in the storehouse, lake is concentrated, and fishes for out male sturgeon, and female sturgeon continues to put back in the reservoir to be cultured to gonadal maturation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110037395.9A CN102630604B (en) | 2011-02-14 | 2011-02-14 | Method for herding sturgeons in lakes and reservoirs in saline-alkali waters on plateaus |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110037395.9A CN102630604B (en) | 2011-02-14 | 2011-02-14 | Method for herding sturgeons in lakes and reservoirs in saline-alkali waters on plateaus |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN102630604A true CN102630604A (en) | 2012-08-15 |
| CN102630604B CN102630604B (en) | 2014-01-15 |
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| CN201110037395.9A Expired - Fee Related CN102630604B (en) | 2011-02-14 | 2011-02-14 | Method for herding sturgeons in lakes and reservoirs in saline-alkali waters on plateaus |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105191839A (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2015-12-30 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Concave bay mouth and fjord messenger cable-type barrier net facility and pasture-type ecological culture method |
Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1810099A (en) * | 2005-01-24 | 2006-08-02 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Siberia sturgeon cultivation in plateau saline-alkali water |
| RU2299561C1 (en) * | 2005-10-28 | 2007-05-27 | Татьяна Анатольевна Никитина | Method for growing of sturgeon fish in ponds |
| WO2009020293A1 (en) * | 2007-08-03 | 2009-02-12 | Jong Cheol Kim | Fish breeding method using osmotic pressure control ability |
| KR20090111066A (en) * | 2008-04-21 | 2009-10-26 | 김태호 | Method for distributing and sea water acclimation in sturgeon |
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2011
- 2011-02-14 CN CN201110037395.9A patent/CN102630604B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1810099A (en) * | 2005-01-24 | 2006-08-02 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Siberia sturgeon cultivation in plateau saline-alkali water |
| RU2299561C1 (en) * | 2005-10-28 | 2007-05-27 | Татьяна Анатольевна Никитина | Method for growing of sturgeon fish in ponds |
| WO2009020293A1 (en) * | 2007-08-03 | 2009-02-12 | Jong Cheol Kim | Fish breeding method using osmotic pressure control ability |
| KR20090111066A (en) * | 2008-04-21 | 2009-10-26 | 김태호 | Method for distributing and sea water acclimation in sturgeon |
Non-Patent Citations (6)
| Title |
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| 《伊犁教育学院学报》 20030930 彭健 "新疆鲟鱼资源及养殖开发" 116-119页 1 第16卷, 第3期 * |
| 《天津农业科学》 20100625 孙向东等 "白山湖网箱养殖西伯利亚鲟鱼技术" 147-149页 1 第16卷, 第3期 * |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105191839A (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2015-12-30 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Concave bay mouth and fjord messenger cable-type barrier net facility and pasture-type ecological culture method |
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| CN102630604B (en) | 2014-01-15 |
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