CN102600950B - Traditional Chinese medicinal material grinding process - Google Patents
Traditional Chinese medicinal material grinding process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-frequency vibration airflow grinding process suitable for medicinal materials and equipment used for the process. The process comprises the specific steps of carrying out mechanical coarse grinding, high-frequency vibration grinding and airflow grinding, and grading. The equipment mainly comprises a main shaft, a grading shaft, a feed hopper, a grinder host machine, an air inlet, a separator and an airflow grinding device, wherein the main shaft is connected with a main shaft transmission mechanism; the grading shaft is connected with a grading shaft transmission mechanism; cooling spacer sleeves are arranged at the outer wall of a bearing seat, a cutter disc, a gear ring and a grading wheel, respectively; and an air outlet cooling spacer sleeve with is arranged at the inner side of a right end cover. The high-frequency vibration airflow grinding process solves the problems of material metamorphism in high temperature oxidization, effective components loss and eliguation, and low grading efficiency and precision in the existing Chinese medicinal fine powder preparation process, the graded grinding for various Chinese medicinal materials is realized, the particle size of Chinese medicinal fine powder reaches 1-125 mum, the plant type Chinese medicinal cell-wall breaking ratio reaches greater than or equal to 98%, the Chinese medicinal active substances are high in retention degree, and the medicinal resources consumption is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Chinese medicine and pulverize technique, and for the equipment of this technique, belong to Chinese medicine manufacture field.
Background technology
The composition of Chinese medicine is mainly animal (containing human organ), plant, mineral, its active ingredient is very complicated, the essential condition of Chinese medicine processing is: one, keep pharmacodynamic substances basis, guarantee that its active ingredient is not destroyed as far as possible, two, improve bioavilability, guarantee that its active ingredient discharges as far as possible, thereby improve herbal medicine efficacy, saving Chinese medicine.
Plant medicine material contains carbohydrate, oils, and the complicated ingredients such as armaticity, volatile ingredient, if the cell membrane of plant medicine material can be pulverized, can improve its bioavilability greatly.
The traditional handicraft that Chinese medicine materials is pulverized is impact shearing method, by material drop into take hit at a high speed and shear action in master's pulverizer by crushing material.The defect of these class methods is that product is too thick on the one hand, and certain plants fibre length is longer on the other hand, and its product is floccule, is unfavorable for further disperseing and mixing; In addition, in conventional method, also have that high-temperature oxydation in production technology easily occurs that material is rotten, loss of effective components and segregation and classification efficiency and the low problem of precision.In order further to improve the bioavilability of the important material of Chinese medicine, should adopt new technique, compare with traditional treatment method some active ingredient is retained greatly, the preparation degree of Chinese medicine is improved.
At present, the employing dither comminuting method being processed with of Chinese medicine fine powder or micro mist, some employing comminutions by gas stream, have its weak point:
It is fast that dither comminuting method is pulverized speed to fibrous, high tenacity Chinese medicine, and still, single-machine capacity is little, and unit interval crushing quantity is little; When smashing fineness acquires a certain degree, part Chinese medicine microparticle can produce agglomeration again, enters contrary shredding stage, is difficult to continue to be crushed to thinner; Viscosity Chinese medicine, urging property Chinese medicine is pulverized weak effect; In pulverizing, can not carry out fine powder classification adjusting, product grading distributes large, and final products need further screening; If pulverize the meticulous large molecule that will destroy part Chinese medicine, can lose volatilization wet goods chemical composition, thereby, be difficult to retain active Chinese drug component material; Plant medicine breaking-wall cell rate≤95%.
Air-flow crushing is to mineral Chinese medicine, viscosity Chinese medicine, urging property Chinese medicine good crushing effect, in pulverizing, can carry out fine powder classification adjusting, very little-the grade of product grading distribution is accurate, there is no oarse-grained appearance, because compressed air can make system temperature reduce in nozzle place adiabatic expansion, so whole comminuting space is low temperature environment, moment completes at low temperatures in the pulverizing of powder, thereby the phenomenon of having avoided certain material to produce heat in crushing process and having destroyed its chemical analysis occurs, and active Chinese drug component material reserving degree is high.But air-flow crushing is retrofit operation, a lot of Chinese medicine must reach after certain fineness Chinese medicine first through pulverizing before air-flow crushing processing, just can carry out further fine powder broken, particularly pulverizes the Chinese medicine that quality is very little, and crushing effect is poorer; For toughness and elasticity Chinese medicine, can in pulverizing, produce deformability, cause invalid pulverizing, plant medicine breaking-wall cell rate≤95%.
Therefore, realize the medicinal material of pulverizing various differing textures with same equipment, same disintegrating process, and the Chinese medicine fine powder or the micro mist that farthest retain active Chinese drug component material also acquire a certain degree of difficulty, at present, the domestic report that there is no.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned weak point of prior art, the invention provides a kind of Chinese medicine and pulverize technique, the invention solves that high-temperature oxydation in existing Chinese medicine fine powder production technique easily occurs that material is rotten, loss of effective components and segregation and classification efficiency and the low problem of precision, realized the classification grinding to several kinds of Chinese medicinal materials, the particle diameter of Chinese medicine fine powder reaches 1 μ m～125 μ m, plant medicine breaking-wall cell rate is up to >=98%, and active Chinese drug component material reserving degree is high, reduces medicine resource consumption.Meanwhile, the present invention also provides a kind of equipment that is applicable to this technique.
The present invention realizes by implementing following technical proposals:
Chinese medicine is pulverized a technique, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) mechanical type coarse crushing, smashing fineness reaches 40-80 order;
(2) dither is pulverized: the Chinese medicine by vibration at high speed after to coarse crushing forms compression and pulverizes, smashing fineness 80～300 orders;
(3) air-flow crushing: with the high velocity air that possesses 2～3 times of supersonic speed kinetic energy, the Chinese medicine after dither is pulverized is further pulverized, smashing fineness reaches 1 μ m～125 μ m;
(4) classification: the Chinese medicine segmentation after pulverizing is carried out to classification, collect fine powder finished product.
Further, in step (1), take and clash into coarse crushing as main, by the impeller of Motor Drive High Rotation Speed with can be movable bulky Chinese medicine is pulverized.
Further, in step (2), the material that utilizes vibration to make to throw in wherein produces high-speed motion oscillations shock and material revolution, when making Chinese medicine obtain forward compression impact power, be subject to again the shearing force of side direction, the effects such as Chinese herbal medicine work high speed, high energy impact events, friction, shearing are carried out to compression pulverizing.
Further, in step (3), adopt the air-flow with 0.8～1.0MPa static energy to pass through nozzle, in pulverizing chamber, by each nozzle air current, accelerated, change the high-velocity fluid of 2～3 times of supersonic speed kinetic energy into, with the kinetic energy of high velocity air, pulverizing Chinese medicine is clashed into, pulverizing speed reaches 300～500 meter per seconds, generation>=80kgcm
2impulsive force, cause by pulverizing Chinese medicine and mutually collide and pulverize.
Further, in step (4), through eddy current high speed sorting, under the effect of centrifugal force, carry out fine powder classification adjusting, after reaching requirement fine powder, enter gas/solid separation equipment, collect Chinese medicine fine powder finished product, and clean Bas Discharged atmosphere, realize 100% pulverizing, without residue.
In mechanical type coarse crushing, the adjusting of smashing fineness is controlled by the screen cloth of equipment inner chamber.
In dither is pulverized, by the various Chinese medicines that regulate the difference of its normal pressure and shearing force and time to adapt to different powder fineness, process, described normal pressure and shearing force are by acceleration of motion r ω
2, time of vibration or mill is situated between and material recently regulate control; When pulverizing, pass into cooling material, control Chinese medicine processing temperature.
A kind of disintegrating apparatus of pulverizing technique for Chinese medicine, it is characterized in that this equipment mainly comprises the main shaft and the grading shaft being connected with grading shaft transmission mechanism, feed hopper, pulverizer main frame, air inlet, separator and air flow crushing device being connected with spindle drive, bearing block outer wall, outer simple outer wall are provided with cooling spacer, and in right end cap inner side, adopt the cooling spacer of air outlet, main shaft is connected with the shaft coupling of disintegrating apparatus respectively with grading shaft.
Described separator import adopts helical structure.
Described air flow crushing device mainly consists of vent valve, flow design valve, flowmeter, air distribution plate, U-pipe differential manometer, gallery ports, blower fan and collector.
Described collector bottom is provided with particle outlet pipe, offers bulky grain inlet tube on sidewall; In cylindrical shell, be back taper and be provided with gas distribution grid, its top is by fluid lower end closed, bottom connects particle outlet pipe, make gas distribution grid, particle outlet pipe and part cylindrical shell and low head surround a closed space to particle, and barrel wall corresponding to this closed space is provided with for introducing the tracheae that enters of fluidizing gas.
Described air distribution plate adopts 3-dimensional metal net structure.
The present invention establishes joint valve, vent valve by adjust flux, and flowmeter numerical value is set, and forms the warm and humid controllable system of air-flow crushing, has realized the temperature required control of plurality of Chinese section product.
The present invention is according to gravitational field classification principle, the Chinese medicine fine powder production new technology that adopts dither to be combined with air-flow crushing, solved that high-temperature oxydation in existing Chinese medicine fine powder production technique easily occurs that material is rotten, loss of effective components and segregation and classification efficiency and the low problem of precision, realized the classification grinding to several kinds of Chinese medicinal materials, the fineness of Chinese medicine fine powder (or particle diameter, reach 1 μ m～125 μ m down together), plant medicine breaking-wall cell rate is up to >=98%, active Chinese drug component material reserving degree is high, reduces medicine resource consumption.
The present invention can be widely used in all kinds of prepared slices of Chinese crude drugs fine powder production such as mineral, viscosity, fragility, fibrous, high tenacity, its product Chinese medicine fine powder except tcm clinical practice is directly used in oral, can be used for Chinese medicine preparation, external preparation, the exploitation of the formulations such as Chinese medicine buccal tablet, instant of lingual surface, Foradil Aerolizer formoterol fumarate, spray, capsule, micro-capsule, also can be used for being developed to various health-care tonic product, food additives.
The present invention compared with the prior art, reduces medicine resource consumption, has improved Chinese medicine precision.Particularly:
1) use Chinese medicine kind extensive
Disintegrating process of the present invention is pulverized dither with air-flow crushing and is organically combined, maximize favourable factors and minimize unfavourable ones, taked corresponding series of process method and pulverized parameter to regulate production Chinese medicine fine powder, reached and be applicable to various differing textures, different animal, plant, the processing of mineral Chinese medicine material of breediness, comprise and contain carbohydrate, containing oils, containing processing and the production of armaticity, volatile ingredient Chinese medicine; The animal shell of quality densification, bone class medicinal material and mineral substance medicine are had more to superiority; The Chinese medicine very little to fibrous, high tenacity, high rigidity, high viscosity, high resiliency, urging property and quality all adapts to; Also can carry out the low temperature pulverizing of guaranteeing the quality, the fresh and alive tissue of fresh Chinese herbal medicine and animal is pulverized; Breaking-wall cell rate is up to more than 98%.
2) capable of regulating is pulverized temperature, is conducive to retains biological activity composition.
10～40 ℃ of middle temperature, pulverize at temperature, mechanical type coarse crushing and dither are pulverized can be by regulating temperature and the flow of cooling water control, and while needing ℃ pulverizing of low temperature-8～8 ℃, ultralow temperature-45, the refrigeration system of configuration can be controlled.Also can need to heat according to operation.Air-flow crushing and classification, because whole comminuting space is low temperature environment, the pulverizing of powder at low temperatures moment complete, do not need to be equipped with in addition refrigeration system and prevent that temperature from raising.Because temperature capable of regulating is controlled, thereby, according to the needs of different medicinal materials, at different temperature, carry out, loss and the segregation of material high-temperature oxydation, rotten and active ingredient have been avoided occurring, and can realize to greatest extent the target that retains active Chinese drug component material and nutritional labeling, thereby improve drug effect.
3) 100% pulverize, without residue.
This technique is for various differing textures, different animal, plant, the mineral Chinese medicine material of breediness, by the reasonable adjusting to the pulverizing normal pressure of mechanical type coarse crushing, dither pulverizing, air-flow crushing and three links of classification and shearing force, charging rate, grinding time, smashing fineness and classification, pulverizing temperature, realized by 100% of pulverizing Chinese medicine material and having pulverized, whole process is without residue.
4) adjustable its normal pressure and shearing force.
Different Chinese medicines is processed into the needed normal pressure of equal fineness and shearing force is different, the fineness that different Chinese medicines should be processed in mechanical type coarse crushing, dither pulverizing, air-flow crushing is also different, can be as required by regulating the difference of its normal pressure and shearing force adapt to various Chinese medicines processing needs and regulate smashing fineness in this technique pin production process.
5) fineness grade of adjustable Chinese medicine fine powder.
In pulverizing by dither, regulate its normal pressure and shearing force, in air-flow crushing, eddy current high speed sorting carries out fine powder classification and regulates the fineness can realize Chinese medicine fine powder to reach 1 μ m～125 μ m, and carry out classification and regulate fineness grade, this technique can be divided into level Four: generally can produce≤125 μ m levels, ≤ 75 μ m levels, ≤ 48 μ m levels ,≤25 μ m levels.
6) production automation degree is high, energy consumption is low, safe and reliable.
The present invention is applicable to dry type and case of wet attrition, can add water, alcohol or other solvent during case of wet attrition; Employing meets the stainless steel that national drug, food standard require to be made, with material contact site be polishing stainless steel, inner corner arc is excessive.
7) totally-enclosed is pulverized, and without dust, overflows, and effectively prevents dust pollution.
The present invention carries out cleaner production, in Chinese medicine fine powder process, between mechanical type coarse crushing, dither pulverizing, air-flow crushing and classification process and operation, by airtight pipeline, connect, whole technique is carried out under totally-enclosed state, thereby, realize process and overflowed without dust, effectively prevented dust pollution.
Technique of the present invention has realized different Chinese medicine classification fine powders broken: generally can produce≤125 μ m levels≤75 μ m levels ,≤48 μ m levels ,≤25 μ m levels.
Plant medicine breaking-wall cell rate is up to >=98%, and active Chinese drug component material reserving degree is high.
The experimental study of dither gas flow crushing process:
First, by test, select the Chinese medicines such as the different animal of differing texture, content, breediness, plant, mineral, determine the moving Chinese medicine fine powder kind that can apply production;
Secondly, by test, determine the various technological parameters of Chinese medicine fine powder processing, the design parameter that comprises pulverizing normal pressure and shearing force, smashing fineness, pulverizing temperature, the active ingredient of the Chinese medicine fine powder product after assurance processing is not destroyed as far as possible and the sporoderm-broken rate of Chinese medicine fine powder product plant medicine material cell membrane reaches >=and 98%.
By different Chinese medicines being formulated to different pulverizing normal pressures and shearing force parameter, different pulverizing temperature parameters, different smashing fineness parameter and classification, the Chinese medicine fine powder of producing is according to the difference of its active ingredient character, take respectively laser diffraction analysis method to measure granularity, size distribution and specific area, microscope observing cell sporoderm-broken rate, under ESEM, observe microscopic morphology, adopt thin-layered chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography test, In Vitro Dissolution test, acid-base titration, ultraviolet spectrophotometry, infrared absorption spectroscopy (IR), ultra-violet absorption spectrum, high resolution mass spec (MS), its product structure of confirmation such as differential thermal analysis (DTA) and optimum content.Thereby, final selected best pulverizing normal pressure and shearing force parameter, pulverizing temperature parameter, smashing fineness parameter and classification.
In dither gas flow crushing process flow process, first Chinese medicine being carried out clashing into is main mechanical type coarse crushing, by the impeller of Motor Drive High Rotation Speed with can be movable bulky Chinese medicine is pulverized.The fat of animal class or jelly Chinese medicine are taked crushing chamber to carry out cooling reduction pulverizing temperature, solve the sticky wall, the obstruction that in producing, are prone to and pulverize the problem that passes in and out road and cannot pulverize; Smashing fineness reaches 40-80 order, and the adjusting of smashing fineness is controlled by the screen cloth of equipment inner chamber.
Secondly, employing dither is pulverized, utilize vibration to make material produce high-speed motion oscillations shock and material revolution, when making Chinese medicine obtain forward compression impact power, be subject to again the shearing force of side direction, the effects such as Chinese herbal medicine work high speed, high energy impact events, friction, shearing are carried out to compression pulverizing.By regulate its normal pressure and shearing force (by acceleration of motion r ω 2, time of vibration or mill be situated between and material recently regulates control) and the difference of the time various Chinese medicines that adapt to different powder fineness process; When pulverizing, pass into cooling material, control Chinese medicine processing temperature, at high temperature, low temperature or ultralow temperature, carry out, also can need to heat according to operation.
The 3rd, adopt air-flow crushing and classification, air-flow crushing is to adopt the air-flow with 0.8-1.0MPa static energy by a special nozzle, in pulverizing chamber, by each nozzle air current, accelerated, change the high-velocity fluid of 2～3 times of supersonic speed kinetic energy into, with the kinetic energy of high velocity air, pulverizing Chinese medicine is clashed into, pulverizing speed can reach 300～500 meter per seconds, generation>=80kgcm
2impulsive force, be mechanical disintegration tens to hundreds of times, and cause by pulverizing Chinese medicine and mutually collide and pulverize.Then pass through eddy current high speed sorting, carry out fine powder classification adjusting under the effect of centrifugal force, this technique can be divided into level Four.After reaching requirement fine powder, enter gas/solid separation equipment, collect Chinese medicine fine powder finished product, and clean Bas Discharged atmosphere is realized 100% pulverizing, without residue.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of disintegrating apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of air flow crushing device in Fig. 1.
The specific embodiment
embodiment 1
Chinese medicine is pulverized a technique, specifically comprises the steps:
(1) mechanical type coarse crushing: take and clash into coarse crushing as main, by the impeller of Motor Drive High Rotation Speed with can be movable bulky Chinese medicine is pulverized, smashing fineness reaches 40 orders;
(2) dither is pulverized: utilize vibration to make material produce high-speed motion oscillations shock and material revolution, when making Chinese medicine obtain forward compression impact power, be subject to again the shearing force of side direction, Chinese herbal medicine is done to the effects such as high speed, high energy impact events, friction, shearing and carried out compression pulverizing, smashing fineness 80 orders;
(3) air-flow crushing: adopt the air-flow with 0.8MPa static energy to pass through nozzle, in pulverizing chamber, by each nozzle air current, accelerated, change the high-velocity fluid of 2～3 times of supersonic speed kinetic energy into, with the kinetic energy of high velocity air, pulverizing Chinese medicine is clashed into, pulverizing speed reaches 300 meter per seconds, the impulsive force of generation >=80kgcm2, causes by pulverizing Chinese medicine and mutually collides and pulverize, smashing fineness reaches 125 μ m.
(4) classification: through eddy current high speed sorting, carry out fine powder classification adjusting under the effect of centrifugal force, can be divided into level Four, after reaching requirement fine powder, enter gas/solid separation equipment, collect Chinese medicine fine powder finished product, and clean Bas Discharged atmosphere, realize 100% pulverizing, without residue.
Embodiment 2
Chinese medicine is pulverized a technique, specifically comprises the steps:
(1) mechanical type coarse crushing: take and clash into coarse crushing as main, by the impeller of Motor Drive High Rotation Speed with can be movable bulky Chinese medicine is pulverized, smashing fineness reaches 80 orders or 180 μ m;
(2) dither is pulverized: utilize vibration to make material produce high-speed motion oscillations shock and material revolution, when making Chinese medicine obtain forward compression impact power, be subject to again the shearing force of side direction, Chinese herbal medicine is done to the effects such as high speed, high energy impact events, friction, shearing and carried out compression pulverizing, smashing fineness 300 order 48 μ m;
(3) air-flow crushing: adopt the air-flow with 1.0MPa static energy to pass through nozzle, in pulverizing chamber, by each nozzle air current, accelerated, change the high-velocity fluid of 2～3 times of supersonic speed kinetic energy into, with the kinetic energy of high velocity air, pulverizing Chinese medicine is clashed into, pulverizing speed reaches 500 meter per seconds, the impulsive force of generation >=80kgcm2, causes by pulverizing Chinese medicine and mutually collides and pulverize, smashing fineness reaches 1 μ m;
(4) classification: through eddy current high speed sorting, carry out fine powder classification adjusting under the effect of centrifugal force, can be divided into level Four, after reaching requirement fine powder, enter gas/solid separation equipment, collect Chinese medicine fine powder finished product, and clean Bas Discharged atmosphere, realize 100% pulverizing, without residue.
Embodiment 3
Chinese medicine is pulverized a technique, specifically comprises the steps:
(1) mechanical type coarse crushing: take and clash into coarse crushing as main, by the impeller of Motor Drive High Rotation Speed with can be movable bulky Chinese medicine is pulverized, smashing fineness reaches 60 orders, or 270 μ m;
(2) dither is pulverized: utilize vibration to make material produce high-speed motion oscillations shock and material revolution, when making Chinese medicine obtain forward compression impact power, be subject to again the shearing force of side direction, Chinese herbal medicine is done to the effects such as high speed, high energy impact events, friction, shearing and carried out compression pulverizing, smashing fineness 180 orders, or 100 μ m;
(3) air-flow crushing: adopt the air-flow with 0.9MPa static energy to pass through nozzle, in pulverizing chamber, by each nozzle air current, accelerated, change the high-velocity fluid of 2～3 times of supersonic speed kinetic energy into, with the kinetic energy of high velocity air, pulverizing Chinese medicine is clashed into, pulverizing speed reaches 400 meter per seconds, the impulsive force of generation >=80kgcm2, causes by pulverizing Chinese medicine and mutually collides and pulverize, smashing fineness reaches 80 μ m;
(4) classification: through eddy current high speed sorting, carry out fine powder classification adjusting under the effect of centrifugal force, can be divided into level Four, after reaching requirement fine powder, enter gas/solid separation equipment, collect Chinese medicine fine powder finished product, and clean Bas Discharged atmosphere, realize 100% pulverizing, without residue.
Embodiment 4
A kind of Chinese medicine is pulverized the disintegrating apparatus in technique, it is characterized in that this equipment mainly comprises the main shaft and the grading shaft being connected with grading shaft transmission mechanism, feed hopper 7, pulverizer main frame 16, air inlet 15, separator 17 and air flow crushing device 18 being connected with spindle drive, bearing block outer wall, cutterhead, gear ring, grading wheel, be provided with cooling spacer, and in right end cap inner side, adopt the cooling spacer of air outlet, main shaft is connected with the shaft coupling of disintegrating apparatus respectively with grading shaft.The import of described separator 17 adopts helical structure.Described air flow crushing device mainly consists of vent valve 1, flow design valve 2, flowmeter 3, air distribution plate 4, U-pipe differential manometer 5, gallery ports 6, blower fan 8 and collector 9.Described collector bottom is provided with particle outlet pipe, offers bulky grain inlet tube on sidewall; In cylindrical shell, be back taper and be provided with gas distribution grid, its top is by fluid lower end closed, bottom connects particle outlet pipe, make gas distribution grid, particle outlet pipe and part cylindrical shell and low head surround a closed space to particle, and barrel wall corresponding to this closed space is provided with for introducing the tracheae that enters of fluidizing gas.Described air distribution plate 4 adopts 3-dimensional metal net structure.By adjust flux, establish joint valve 2, vent valve 1, flowmeter numerical value is set, form the warm and humid controllable system of air-flow crushing, realize the temperature required control of plurality of Chinese section product.
In mechanical type coarse crushing, the adjusting of smashing fineness is controlled by the screen cloth of equipment inner chamber.In dither is pulverized, by the various Chinese medicines that regulate the difference of its normal pressure and shearing force and time to adapt to different powder fineness, process, described normal pressure and shearing force are by acceleration of motion r ω
2, time of vibration or mill is situated between and material recently regulate control; When pulverizing, pass into cooling material, control Chinese medicine processing temperature, at high temperature, low temperature or ultralow temperature, carry out, also can need to heat according to operation.
Described collector bottom is provided with particle outlet pipe, offers bulky grain inlet tube on sidewall; In cylindrical shell, be back taper and be provided with gas distribution grid, its top is by fluid lower end closed, bottom connects particle outlet pipe, make gas distribution grid, particle outlet pipe and part cylindrical shell and low head surround a closed space to particle, and barrel wall corresponding to this closed space is provided with for introducing the tracheae that enters of fluidizing gas.
The present embodiment is established joint valve 2, vent valve 1 by adjust flux, and flowmeter numerical value is set, and forms the warm and humid controllable system of air-flow crushing, has realized the temperature required control of plurality of Chinese section product.
Minute different piece is specifically set forth the present embodiment corresponding device below:
1) dither pulverizer transmission mechanism
The main shaft outer end of disintegrating apparatus is connected with spindle drive, makes spindle drive drive the cutter head assembly on main shaft and main shaft to rotate; Grading shaft outer end is connected with grading shaft transmission mechanism, make grading shaft transmission mechanism drive the grading wheel rotation on grading shaft and grading shaft to reach grading, reach by regulating rotating speed and the negative-pressure air-flow suction air volume size of grading wheel, can realize and not shut down adjusting powder granularity; And rotating speed height can free adjustment, improve the fineness of crushing material.
2) dither pulverizer cooling structure
At bearing block outer wall, outer simple outer wall, be provided with cooling spacer, and adopt the cooling spacer of air outlet in right end cap inner side, reach accelerating heat radiation in crushing process, reducing temperature, the phenomenon of avoiding in crushing process material to produce heat and destroying its chemical analysis occurs, and can farthest retain active Chinese drug component material.
3) dither pulverizer separator import helical structure
In separator import, adopt helical structure, compare with the parallel design of existing pulverizer separator import, there is the pressure loss little, the advantage that energy consumption is low.
By said structure, design, compare with traditional dither disintegrating apparatus, this equipment is set up air flow crushing device 18 and supporting warm and humid controllable system, dither is combined with air-flow crushing, make full use of air-flow crushing advantage, solved that high-temperature oxydation in existing Chinese medicine fine powder production technique easily occurs that material is rotten, loss of effective components and segregation and classification efficiency and the low problem of precision, realized the classification fine powder of several kinds of Chinese medicinal materials broken.
About air flow crushing device:
1) enclosed construction design
Air flow crushing device collector bottom is provided with particle outlet pipe, offers bulky grain inlet tube on sidewall; In cylindrical shell, be back taper and be provided with gas distribution grid, its top is by fluid lower end closed, bottom connects particle outlet pipe, make gas distribution grid, particle outlet pipe and part cylindrical shell and low head surround a closed space to particle, and the barrel wall that this closed space is corresponding is provided with for introducing the tracheae that enters of fluidizing gas, realize the object of the mixing of difference particle multistage, heat exchange, reaction, classification, improve Chinese medicine classification rate and precision.
2) air distribution plate metal otter board design
According to air-flow grain size grading device classification appraisal standards, adopt 3-dimensional metal net type air distributor structure, its lowest energy consumption is only 1/77th of existing wind-cowl cloth web plate, can effectively reduce energy consumption and production cost.
3) warm and humid controllable system
By adjust flux, establish joint valve, vent valve, flowmeter numerical value is set, form the warm and humid controllable system of air-flow crushing, realized the temperature required control of plurality of Chinese section product, in pulverizing, temperature can be controlled in 10～40 ℃, low temperature-8～8 ℃, between ultralow temperature-45 ℃, reach the granularity of different Chinese medicines and the effective grading control of size distribution, avoid in crushing process fine grain reunion and fine grained to coarse grained buffering, can isolate in real time the fine grained that reaches particle diameter in comminuting matter, in order to avoid caused pulverizing, guarantee granularity and the size distribution of product, improved crush efficiency.
Technical target of the product:
The particle diameter of Chinese medicine fine powder reaches 1 μ m～125 μ m, can, all by No. 6 sieves, reach 125 μ m.
It should be noted that, the invention is not restricted to above-mentioned embodiment, all any modifications of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. Chinese medicine is pulverized a technique, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) mechanical type coarse crushing, smashing fineness reaches 40-80 order;
(2) dither is pulverized: the Chinese medicine by vibration at high speed after to coarse crushing forms compression and pulverizes, smashing fineness 80～300 orders;
(3) air-flow crushing: with the high velocity air that possesses 2～3 times of supersonic speed kinetic energy, the Chinese medicine after dither is pulverized is further pulverized, smashing fineness reaches 1 μ m～125 μ m;
(4) classification: the Chinese medicine segmentation after pulverizing is carried out to classification, collect fine powder finished product.
2. disintegrating process according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (1), take and clashing into coarse crushing as main, by the impeller of electric motor driven High Rotation Speed with can be movable bulky Chinese medicine is pulverized.
3. disintegrating process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in step (2), the material that utilizes vibration to make to throw in wherein produces high-speed motion oscillations shock and material revolution, when making Chinese medicine obtain forward compression impact power, be subject to again the shearing force of side direction, Chinese herbal medicine is made high speed, high energy impact events, friction and shear action and carried out compression pulverizing.
4. disintegrating process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that adopting the air-flow with 0.8～1.0MPa static energy to pass through nozzle in step (3), in pulverizing chamber, by each nozzle air current, accelerated, change the high-velocity fluid of 2～3 times of supersonic speed kinetic energy into, with the kinetic energy of high velocity air, pulverizing Chinese medicine is clashed into, pulverizing speed reaches 300～500 meter per seconds, generation>=80kgcm
2impulsive force, cause by pulverizing Chinese medicine and mutually collide and pulverize.
5. disintegrating process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in step (4) through eddy current high speed sorting, under the effect of centrifugal force, carry out fine powder classification adjusting, after reaching requirement, fine powder enters gas/solid separation equipment, collect Chinese medicine fine powder finished product, and clean Bas Discharged atmosphere is realized 100% pulverizing, without residue.
6. technique according to claim 2, is characterized in that the adjusting of smashing fineness in mechanical type coarse crushing is controlled by the screen cloth of equipment inner chamber.
7. technique according to claim 3, is characterized in that by the various Chinese medicines that regulate the difference of its normal pressure and shearing force and time to adapt to different powder fineness, processing in dither is pulverized, and described normal pressure and shearing force are by acceleration of motion r ω
2, time of vibration or mill is situated between and material recently regulate control; When pulverizing, pass into cooling material, control Chinese medicine processing temperature.
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| CN103385408B (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2015-03-11 | 江南大学 | Mechanical separation enriching method for wheat-bran aleuronic cells |
| CN104801410A (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2015-07-29 | 湖北博大高科生物技术有限公司 | Process for machining plant type traditional Chinese medicine ultra-micro powder |
| CN107876191A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-04-06 | 江苏振亚生物科技有限公司 | Low-temperature airflow broken wall micron ultra shifter |
| CN109225546B (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2021-05-25 | 峨眉山天然有机茶业有限公司 | Airflow ultramicro wall-breaking smashing method for tea |
| CN109201175B (en) * | 2018-09-16 | 2020-11-24 | 义乌市添诚科技有限公司 | Coal pulverizer |
| CN109201174B (en) * | 2018-09-16 | 2020-11-20 | 义乌市添诚科技有限公司 | Coal crushing detection method, coal crushing adjustment method and coal crusher |
| CN110026282A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-07-19 | 重庆文理学院 | Chinese medicine breaking method |
| CN112871386B (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2022-09-30 | 安徽华润金蟾药业有限公司 | Superfine grinding device for traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces and application thereof |
| CN113081946B (en) * | 2021-03-02 | 2023-05-09 | 山西省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Radix astragali and sweetgum fruit tea and preparation method thereof |
| CN114308326A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-04-12 | 苏州红冠庄国药股份有限公司 | Antler powder production process, antler powder and gas crushing equipment |
| CN116727079B (en) * | 2023-08-14 | 2023-12-05 | 烟台巨先药业有限公司 | Hard capsule processing raw material deep crushing equipment |
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| CN2183214Y (en) * | 1993-11-02 | 1994-11-23 | 广西壮族自治区横县机械厂 | Hammer-piece type disintegrator |
| CN1081088C (en) * | 1999-07-23 | 2002-03-20 | 清华大学 | Fine disitegrating method for mixed plant material |
| CN2452615Y (en) * | 2000-11-13 | 2001-10-10 | 昆山市超微粉碎机厂 | Super fine powder making machine set for traditional Chinese herb medicines |
| CN1421275A (en) * | 2002-12-03 | 2003-06-04 | 李建立 | High speed airflow crushing process of preparing superfine Chinese medicine powder |
| CN2688387Y (en) * | 2004-04-27 | 2005-03-30 | 张守勤 | Impacting fine powder grinder |
| CN2905211Y (en) * | 2006-03-17 | 2007-05-30 | 衣颖 | A novel superfine pulverizer |
| CN101433876B (en) * | 2008-12-02 | 2010-11-10 | 北京航空航天大学 | Integrated device for airflow pulverization and surface modification and technique thereof for preparing ultrafine grain |
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Application publication date: 20120725 Assignee: Sichuan Baicaotang Longren Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Assignor: Luzhou baicaotang Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.|Luzhou baicaotang Health Products Co. Ltd. Contract record no.: 2015510000023 Denomination of invention: Chinese medicinal material grinding process and equipment thereof Granted publication date: 20140507 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20150403 |
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Effective date of registration: 20180508 Address after: 646000 Luzhou light industrial park in Sichuan Province Patentee after: Luzhou 100 Thatched Cottage Decoction Co., Ltd. Address before: 646000 Luzhou light industrial park in Sichuan Province Co-patentee before: Luzhou Baicaotang Health Product Co., Ltd. Patentee before: Luzhou 100 Thatched Cottage Decoction Co., Ltd. |