CN102599030A - Degradable sludge-based mulching film and preparation method of degradable sludge-based mulching film - Google Patents
Degradable sludge-based mulching film and preparation method of degradable sludge-based mulching film Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a degradable sludge-based mulching film and a preparation method of the degradable sludge-based mulching film. The mulching film comprises the main ingredient of sludge aggregate. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: preprocessing the sludge aggregate, and mixing the processed sludge aggregate with materials, such as binding agent, plasticizer and the like to react so as to prepare the agricultural degradable biomass mulching film. The mulching film has low cost and combines with the function of soil moisture conservation, temperature preservation and slow release fertilization, the degradation period meets the covering requirements of the whole growth period of common crops, and the degradable sludge-based mulching film is an agricultural product with a larger market potential.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of biological material, relate to a kind of mud base degradable mulch film and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Mulch film is used for ground and covers, and to improve soil temperature, keeps soil moisture, keeps soil structure, prevents disease that pests crop and certain micro-organisms cause etc., has the function of promotion plant growing.In recent years, agricultural mulching has been widely used in the agricultural production cultivation, becomes the third-largest means of agricultural production behind chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals.At present, domestic plastic mulching area is more than 1,400 ten thousand hectares, and annual consumption is about 440,000 tons, and its area coverage and consumption be row the first in the world all.Scholarly forecast, national plastic mulching area will expand more than 2,000 ten thousand hectares in 2015.
Yet the residual film of the thing followed is more and more serious to " white pollution " problem that agroecological environment causes.The plastic sheeting for farm use that uses is at present made raw material with chemical fibre; Its main component is polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, can not degrade residual decades in the field, uses to cause broken film to accumulate on soil plough horizon year by year year after year; Cause soil compaction, permeability variation, root growth to be obstructed the succession crop underproduction.In addition, petroleum-based energy is in short supply causes and rises such as mulch film raw materials for production acrylic acid makes mulch film price and sustainable development become increasingly conspicuous.More than many reasons make the research and extension of biodegradable mulch film cause great concern at home and abroad.
It is that primary raw material prepares biodegradable mulch film that patent CN1445275 proposes with the polyvinyl alcohol, water-soluble at the scene after, be sprayed on the face of land; Form film; Be characterized in that this film is biodegradable, avoid white pollution, but because the polyvinyl alcohol price is comparatively expensive; This mulch film cost is higher, and agriculture applicability is not strong.
It is primary raw material that patent CN200810023959 proposes with starch, and with degradable polymer blend, blowing film forming, this mulch film is primary raw material with the foodstuff starch, and at global grain worsening shortages, under the environment that provision price rises steadily, this kind mulch film is difficult to promote.
It is that primary raw material prepares degradable mulch that patent CN1094960C proposes with natural organic matter soil; Become organic nutrient through 1.5～2 months these mulch film degradables or the entering soil of ploughing; But general proportion of crop planting harvest time it is 3～6 months; This mulch film degradation speed is too fast, can not satisfy the covering demand of common crop whole growth phase, is difficult to promote.
It is raw material with pitch, starch that patent CN1277228A provides a kind of; Add little fertilizer and weed killer herbicide simultaneously, the biodegradable black farm mulching made from the on-the-spot spray of sprayer, but that film began after 30 days is cracked; Will degrade fully at 60 days; Fail to reach the effect of insulation in the crops whole growth phase, soil moisture conservation, and raw materials used all be grain and petroleum base source, this will increase the cost of making film to a great extent.
Therefore, need at present a kind of cost of material of exploitation cheap, have 3～6 months stability, in the germinations of crops with can possess insulation, soil moisture conservation effect vegetative period, and have the non-grain matrix and the non-petroleum base mulch film of degradability preferably.
Summary of the invention
For addressing the above problem, the present invention relates to a kind of mud base degradable mulch film and preparation method thereof.The main component of this mulch film is that mud gathers materials, and is to carry out preliminary treatment through mud is gathered materials, and reacts with material mixing such as adhesive and plasticizer, prepares degradable biological matter agricultural mulching.This mulch film is with low cost, takes into account soil moisture conservation, insulation, and the function of slowly-releasing getting fat, and degradation cycle can satisfy the covering demand of common crop whole growth phase.
For this reason, the invention provides a kind of mud base degradable mulch film, wherein, said mulch film comprises that mud gathers materials, and the content that said mud gathers materials in mulch film is 10～80wt%.
According to the present invention, the content that preferred said mud gathers materials in mulch film is 10～60wt%.Said mud gathers materials and is mud, or at least a compound in mud and fermentation residue, agro-ecology discarded object and the humus.
In one embodiment of the invention, said mud comprises one or more in the first mud, residual active sludge, anaerobically digested sludge of mud, sewage treatment plant.Said fermentation residue is selected from least a in citric acid waste, vinasse, mould waste mycelia, dregs of beans slag, cephalo bacterium slag and the residue of soya.Said agro-ecology discarded object is selected from least a in skin of beancurd, bagasse, corncob powder, discarded starch, straw or the straw discarded object.
Above-mentioned term " plant " is not limited in the crops and the plant of artificial planting, also comprises the natural plants of unartificial plantation.
According to the present invention, also contain plasticizer in the said mulch film, its content in mulch film is 0～30wt%.Said plasticizer is selected from one or more in alcohols plasticizer, citric acid ester plasticizer, epoxy plasticiser, urea and succinic acid (2-ethyl) the own ester sodium sulfonate (AOT).
In one embodiment of the invention, said alcohols plasticizer is selected from least a in sorbierite, glycerine, ethylene glycol or the mannitol; Said citric acid ester plasticizer is selected from least a in ATBC (TBC), trioctyl lemon acid (TOC), tributyl 2-acetylcitrate (ATBC) or acetyl tributyl citrate three monooctyl esters (ATOC); Epoxy plasticiser is selected from epoxidized soybean oil, epoxy acetyl linolenic acid methyl esters, epoxy oil extracted from rice husks acid butyl ester, epoxy silkworm chrysalis oil acid butyl ester, ethyl hexyl ester of epoxidized soybean oil or 9, at least a in the 10-octyl epoxy stearate.
According to the present invention, also contain the film backing material in the said mulch film, comprise fibrous material and/or inorganic filler, its content in mulch film is 0～10wt%.
Wherein, said fibrous material comprises native fiber and/or chemical fibre.Said native fiber is selected from seed fiber like cotton, kapok, at least a in phloem fiber such as flax, ramie, jute, bamboo fibre and mineral fibre such as the asbestos; Said chemical fibre is selected from staple fibre such as viscose fiber, acetate fiber, CUP; Synthetic fibers such as polyester fiber (terylene), Fypro (polyamide fibre or nylon), vinal (polyvinyl), polyacrylonitrile fibre (acrylic fibers), polypropylene fibre (polypropylene fibre), polyvinyl chloride fibre (polyvinyl chloride fibre), inorfil such as glass fibre, carbon fiber.
Said inorganic filler is selected from one or more in powdered whiting, talcum powder, kaolin and the wollastonite in powder.
According to the present invention, waterproofing agent is also contained on the surface of said mulch film, and its content in mulch film is 0～10wt%.Said waterproofing agent is at least a in acrylic acid ester emulsion, Silicone acrylic emulsion, Ludox and the polyurethane.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method according to mulch film according to the invention, comprising:
Steps A is gathered materials to mud and to be carried out preliminary treatment, and regulates the pH value and make the neutral mud slurries that gather materials;
Step B carries out stirring reaction with gather materials slurries and adhesive of neutral mud, before and after its reaction, optionally adds plasticizer and/or the film backing material mixes, and makes the film forming mix slurry;
Step C processes mulch film with the film forming mix slurry;
Wherein, preliminary treatment described in the steps A is selected from least a in acid system preliminary treatment, alkaline process preliminary treatment, high-temperature cooking process preliminary treatment or the blasting procedure preliminary treatment.
According to the inventive method, the consumption of acid is 0～15wt% that mud gathers materials in the said acid system preliminary treatment.The pretreated reaction condition of said acid system is: 10～150 ℃ of temperature, time 10min～72h, speed of agitator 0～250rpm.
The consumption of alkali is 0～15wt% that mud gathers materials in the said alkaline process preliminary treatment.The pretreated reaction condition of said alkaline process is: 10～150 ℃ of temperature, time 10min～72h, speed of agitator 0～250rpm.
The pretreated reaction temperature of said high-temperature cooking process is 120～170 ℃.
Said blasting procedure preliminary treatment comprises steam explosion preliminary treatment and/or the preliminary treatment of ammonia blasting procedure.
Above-mentioned acid system preliminary treatment and alkaline process preliminary treatment, being included under certain speed of agitator condition gathers materials to mud carries out dynamic agitation and handles, and is under the condition of 0rpm mud to be gathered materials to carry out static immersing and handle at speed of agitator.
In one embodiment, for example, be under the condition of 0rpm at speed of agitator, can adopt acid system preliminary treatment or alkaline process preliminary treatment that mud is gathered materials and carry out static immersing processing 10min～72h.
In another embodiment, for example, under certain speed of agitator condition, can adopt acid system preliminary treatment or alkaline process preliminary treatment that mud is gathered materials and carry out dynamic agitation processing 10min～10h.
In an embodiment according to the inventive method, the pressure of steam blasting is 0.6～2.7MPa, and holding time is 60～360s.
In an embodiment according to the inventive method, the pressure of ammonia explosion is 0.5～1.5MPa, and holding time is 10～60min.
According to the inventive method, steps A adopts neutralizer to regulate the pH value, and said neutralizer is acid or alkali, and its consumption is 0～20wt% that mud gathers materials, and its reaction condition is identical with acid or the pretreated reaction condition of alkali.
Acid described in the steps A and/or alkali can directly add also can be mixed with the solution adding.
In one embodiment of the invention, alkali described in the steps A is selected from organic base, inorganic base or the alkaline, inorganic salts at least a, and said acid is selected from organic acid, inorganic acid or the acid mineral salt at least a; For example, said inorganic base is selected from sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, at least a in the inorganic bases such as ammoniacal liquor or slaked lime; Said organic base is selected from sodium methoxide, at least a in the organic bases such as potassium ethoxide or potassium tert-butoxide; Said alkaline, inorganic salts is selected from least a in the alkaline, inorganic salts such as sodium carbonate, sodium acetate or sodium phosphate; Again for example, said inorganic acid is selected from sulfuric acid, nitric acid, at least a in the inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid or phosphoric acid; Said organic acid is selected from carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid, and sulfinic acid, at least a in the organic acids such as humus or thionothiolic acid, said acid mineral salt are selected from least a in the acid mineral salt such as Fe, Cu, Al or ammonium class.
Preprocess method described in the above-mentioned steps A can be selected to use according to the composition that mud gathers materials, and these preprocess methods can use separately, also can make up use.For example, in one embodiment of the invention, can gather materials with acid system or alkaline process mud and carry out preliminary treatment; Also can gather materials to mud and carry out preliminary treatment with high-temperature cooking process.
In another embodiment of the present invention, with steam or ammonia blasting procedure straw is carried out preliminary treatment earlier, adopt acid system or alkaline process that mud is gathered materials again and carry out preliminary treatment.
According to the inventive method, mixing and reaction condition are among the step B: 30～220 ℃ of temperature, time 10min～10h, speed of agitator are 50～250rpm.
According to the inventive method, adhesive described in the step B comprises polymer adhesive or other adhesives, and its consumption is 5～50wt% that mud gathers materials.
Wherein, said polymer adhesive is selected from least a in polyvinyl acetate, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), PLA (PLA), poly-succinic fourth diester (PBS), poly-(PHB), polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) and the polyurethane; Said other adhesives are selected from least a in shitosan, starch, acrylic acid ester emulsion, gelatin, hydroxyethylcellulose or the sodium alginate.
Adhesive and mud gather materials after slurries, plasticizer or the reaction of film backing material, are present in the film mix slurry with the form of bonding, and a small amount of unreacted adhesive or the adhesive that the autohemagglutination effect takes place then are present in the film mix slurry with the form of adhesive.
In an embodiment according to the inventive method, step C adopts film-forming process that the film forming mix slurry is processed mulch film; Said film-forming process comprises blow molding, the moulding of manufacturing paper with pulp, flow casting molding, melt extrude or drawing and forming, spray-on process spray film forming or adopt the film backing material as the skeleton film forming; For example, can adopt fibrous material staggered with graticule as the skeleton film forming as the film backing material.
According to the inventive method, said preparation method adopts waterproofing agent that said mulch film is carried out water-proofing treatment after also being included in step C, and wherein said water-proofing treatment comprises infusion method or spraying process.
The mulch film that above-mentioned steps C makes can carry out dried before carrying out water-proofing treatment and using.
Mud base film according to the inventive method makes is different according to the mud addition, and color is yellow, brown, brown or black thin film, and its thickness for example, can be processed 0.1～0.4mm.
Adopt screw-thread micrometer to measure the ground film thickness.Prepared mulch film is carried out the film cover butter, and bury 1 of thermistor geothermometer underground, measure soil temperature, to estimate the heat-insulating property of mulch film at each 10cm soil layer place, sub-district; With soil drilling method sampling, and adopt oven dry loss of weight method to measure in the crop growth phase soil sample degree of depth to be respectively 0～10,15～25,35～45 and the average water water content of 55～65cm soil layer soil, to estimate the performance of keeping humidity of mulch film; Prepared mulch film is carried out soil burial test, and adopt the loss of weight method to measure membrane degradation front and back, ground weight, calculate its percent of loss, to estimate the degradability of mulch film.
Contain 28.7%～40.9% crude protein in the mud, 26.4%～46.0% ash content, 26.6%～44.0% cellulose and 0～3.7% fatty acid, the content of organic matter surpasses 55%.The compound that the present invention forms with mud or mud and other fermentation residues and/or discarded object is processed after crosslinked a kind of with low costly, takes into account soil moisture conservation; Insulation; The function of getting fat can satisfy the covering demand of common crop whole growth phase, the novel biodegradable mulch film that the peasant is easy to accept.
This mulch film has carried out mud and discarded object to utilize again, and is cheap, solved the problem of petroleum base mulch film white pollution, solved the environmental pollution that the activated sludge that is untreated causes and the problem of the wasting of resources simultaneously again.The organic matter that is rich in the mud slowly is discharged in the soil along with the ground membrane degradation can be used as organic manure, and crop growth is had very strong facilitation.Soil burial test shows, uses the soil of this mulch film can improve 1 ℃～8 ℃ of ground temperature than bare area, can improve soil moisture content 5%～60% than bare area, has the effect of insulation, soil moisture conservation.This invention ground membrane degradation situation is moderate, and soil buries will degrade after experiment will be degraded 70%, 8 month after 3～6 months fully.
Embodiment
To combine embodiment to specify the present invention below, these embodiment only play the illustrative effect, are not limited to range of application of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Get residual active sludge 31g (water content 80wt%) and citric acid waste 20g and mix the back and form mud and gather materials, take by weighing NaOH, be mixed with solution according to the gather materials amount of 4wt% of mud; Gather materials with mud and to put into conical flask after mixing, at 80 ℃, stir 10min under the 100rpm condition after; Add phosphoric acid and be adjusted to neutrality, in conical flask, add 15.5g shitosan and 10g starch then, replenish suitable quantity of water as adhesive; At 70 ℃, continue heated and stirred 2h under the 90rpm condition, the film forming mix slurry in the conical flask is poured on the glass plate; Adopt the The tape casting film forming, treat the film drying after, with solid content for 5 times of 6.1g Ludox dilutions after; Be sprayed on the film surface and carry out water-proofing treatment, promptly make the water proofing property degradable mulch.Adopt screw-thread micrometer to measure the ground film thickness, and prepared mulch film is carried out the film cover butter, with heat insulating ability and the moisture retention of estimating this product, the result sees table 1; Prepared mulch film is carried out soil burial test, and to estimate the degradability of this product, the result sees table 1.
Embodiment 2:
Get residual active sludge 120g (water content 80wt%) and bagasse 6.3g and mix the back and form mud and gather materials, take by weighing ammoniacal liquor, be mixed with solution according to the gather materials amount of 12wt% of mud; Gather materials with mud and to put into conical flask after mixing, after 10 ℃ of conditions are soaked 72h, add acetate and be adjusted to neutrality; In conical flask, add 8g ethylene glycol then as plasticizer, 20g sodium alginate and 24.2g gelatin are as adhesive, and polyester fiber that adding 10g shreds and 5g powdered whiting are as the film backing material; Replenish suitable quantity of water,, continue heated and stirred 10h under the 250rpm condition at 30 ℃; Add 100ml hot water dilution again, film forming is sprayed in the back that stirs, and treating it to do the back, evenly spray solid content on the surface be that the Silicone acrylic emulsion of 8 times of the dilutions of 11.3g carries out water-proofing treatment; And employing and embodiment 1 identical method estimates performance of products, and the result sees table 1.
Embodiment 3:
Get first mud 140g (water content 80wt%) and skin of beancurd 9g and mix the back and form mud and gather materials, take by weighing slaked lime, be mixed with solution according to the gather materials amount of 8wt% of mud; Gather materials with mud and to put into conical flask after mixing, at 40 ℃, stir 10h under the 40rpm condition after; Add humic acid and be adjusted to neutrality, in conical flask, add 1.0g mannitol and 1.0g ATBC then as plasticizer, 3.5g vinal and 3g talcum powder are as the film backing material; 12g polyurethane and 47.6g hydroxy ethyl fiber replenish suitable quantity of water as adhesive, are heated to 60 ℃; Under the 200rpm condition, continue to stir 6h, the film forming mix slurry in the conical flask is poured on the glass plate, adopt the The tape casting film forming; After treating the film drying; After solid content is respectively 5 times of 1g acrylic acid ester and 0.3g Silicone acrylic emulsion dilutions, is sprayed to the film surface and carries out water-proofing treatment, promptly make the water proofing property degradable mulch.Film thickness, and employing is estimated performance of products with embodiment 1 identical method with adopting the screw-thread micrometer measurement, and the result sees table 1.
Embodiment 4:
To pulverize back cornstalk 6g under 1.2MPa pressure, and behind the ammonia explosion treatment 40min, mix back formation mud with 500g residual active sludge (water content 80wt%) and gather materials; According to the gather materials amount weighing sodium carbonate of 2.0wt% of mud, gather materials with mud and to put into conical flask after mixing, at 60 ℃; After stirring 6h under the 80rpm condition, add ammonium chloride and be adjusted to neutrality, in conical flask, add the 35.42g sodium carboxymethylcellulose then as adhesive; Replenish suitable quantity of water, be heated to 90 ℃, under the 150rpm condition, continue to stir 4h; Add flax that 1.2g shreds again, the dilution of 200ml hot water, moulding is sprayed in the back that stirs; Treat after it is done solid content to be sprayed film forming above that for after 5 times of the 3.7g polyurethane dilutions, and the identical method evaluation performance of products of employing and embodiment 1, the result sees table 1.
Embodiment 5:
Get anaerobically digested sludge 105g (water content 80wt%) and vinasse 3g and mix the back and form mud and gather materials, take by weighing sodium acetate, be mixed with solution, gather materials with mud and put into conical flask after mixing according to the gather materials amount of 10wt% of mud; At 90 ℃, behind the stirring 60min, add sulfuric acid and be adjusted to neutrality under the 120rpm condition, in conical flask, add 32.7g tributyl 2-acetylcitrate (ATBC) then as plasticizer; 32.4g polyethylene glycol, adds the 1.1g asbestos as adhesive as backing material, replenishes suitable quantity of water; Be heated to 100 ℃, under the 100rpm condition, continue to stir 2h; Film forming mix slurry in the conical flask is poured on the glass plate, adopts the The tape casting film forming, treat the film drying after; With solid content for 5 times of 1.55g polyurethane dilutions after, film is soaked water-proofing treatment, promptly make the water proofing property degradable mulch.Adopt screw-thread micrometer to measure the ground film thickness, adopt with embodiment 1 identical method and estimate performance of products, the result sees table 1.
Embodiment 6:
Get mud 300g (water content 80wt%), add in the conical flask, behind boiling 40min under 120 ℃～170 ℃ conditions; Add 15g PLA as adhesive; Replenish suitable quantity of water, be heated to 180 ℃, under the 80rpm condition, continue to stir 60min; With the film forming mix slurry extrusion blow film forming in the conical flask, treat promptly to make degradable mulch after the film drying.Adopt screw-thread micrometer to measure the ground film thickness, adopt with embodiment 1 identical method and estimate performance of products, the result sees table 1.
Embodiment 7:
Get anaerobically digested sludge 100g and mud 40g (water content 80wt%) and mix the back with cephalo bacterium slag 5g and form mud and gather materials, take by weighing nitric acid, be mixed with solution according to the gather materials amount of 6.0wt% of mud; Gather materials with mud and to put into conical flask after mixing, 40 ℃ soak 10min down after, add potassium ethoxide and be adjusted to neutrality; In conical flask, add 9 of 4g then, 10-octyl epoxy stearate and 5.0g trioctyl lemon acid (TOC) are as plasticizer, and 21.75g PVA is as adhesive; 2g kaolin replenishes suitable quantity of water as the film backing material, is heated to 220 ℃; Under the 50rpm condition, continue to stir 10min, the film forming mix slurry that is obtained melt extruded film forming, treat the film drying after; With solid content for 7 times of 4.5g acrylic acid ester emulsion dilutions after, spray to the film surface and carry out water-proofing treatment, promptly make the water proofing property degradable mulch.Adopt screw-thread micrometer to measure the ground film thickness, adopt with embodiment 1 identical method and estimate performance of products, the result sees table 1.
Embodiment 8:
Get residual active sludge 150g and first mud 90g (water content 80wt%) and mould 25g and mix the back and form mud and gather materials, take by weighing fumaric acid, be mixed with solution according to the gather materials amount of 0.5wt% of mud; Gather materials with mud and to put into conical flask after mixing, at 150 ℃, stir 10min under the 250rpm condition after; Add sodium hydroxide and be adjusted to neutrality, in conical flask, add 2.0g epoxidized soybean oil and 3.0g glycerine then as plasticizer, 23.85g PBS is as adhesive; Replenish suitable quantity of water, be heated to 160 ℃, add the 3g glass fibre as the film backing material; Under the 60rpm condition, continue to stir 40min,, adopt screw-thread micrometer to measure the ground film thickness the film forming mix slurry stretching film forming that is obtained; Adopt with embodiment 1 identical method and estimate performance of products, the result sees table 1.
Embodiment 9:
Straw 13g under 2.7MPa pressure, after steam blasting is handled 1min, is mixed afterwards with 27g anaerobically digested sludge and 28g residual active sludge (water content 80wt%) that formation mud gathers materials, take by weighing potassium hydroxide according to the gather materials amount of 15wt% of mud; Be mixed with solution, gather materials with mud and put into conical flask after mixing, at 60 ℃; After stirring 40min under the 80rpm condition, add phosphoric acid and be adjusted to neutrality, in conical flask, add 20g succinic acid (2-ethyl) own ester sodium sulfonate (AOT) then as plasticizer; And the 17g shitosan is as adhesive, and the 1.2g wollastonite in powder replenishes suitable quantity of water as the film backing material; At 60 ℃, under the 120rmp condition, stir 90min; Film forming mix slurry in the conical flask is poured on the skeleton that is staggered into as film backing material longitude and latitude with 1g flax and 2g asbestos that places on the glass plate, adopts the The tape casting film forming, treat the film drying after; With solid content for 8 times of 3.4g Silicone acrylic emulsion dilutions after, film is soaked water-proofing treatment, promptly make the water proofing property degradable mulch.Adopt screw-thread micrometer to measure the ground film thickness, adopt with embodiment 1 identical method and estimate performance of products, the result sees table 1.
Comparative Examples 1:
After getting the 35g polyethylene and being heated to 180 ℃, the extrusion blow film forming adopts screw-thread micrometer to measure the thickness of this film, and the performance of identical this film of method evaluation of employing and embodiment 1, and the result sees table 1.
Table 1
Can find out that through the foregoing description and Comparative Examples the mulch film that makes according to the inventive method can meet or exceed polyethylene film to the insulation and the performance of keeping humidity of soil, this mulch film has degradability preferably, and possesses suitable stability in use.The mulch film that makes according to the inventive method has carried out mud and discarded object to utilize again, and is cheap, solved the problem of petroleum base mulch film white pollution, solved the environmental pollution that the activated sludge that is untreated causes and the problem of the wasting of resources simultaneously again.
The above is merely preferred implementation of the present invention; But protection domain of the present invention is not limited thereto; Any those skilled in the art can easily change or change in technical scope disclosed by the invention, and this change or variation all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claims.
Claims (10)
1. mud base degradable mulch film, wherein: said mulch film comprises that mud gathers materials, the content that said mud gathers materials in mulch film is 10～80wt%.
2. mulch film according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the content that said mud gathers materials in mulch film is 10～60wt%; Said mud gathers materials and is mud, or at least a compound in mud and fermentation residue, agro-ecology discarded object and the humus.
3. mulch film according to claim 2 is characterized in that:
Said mud comprises one or more in the first mud, residual active sludge, anaerobically digested sludge of mud, sewage treatment plant;
Said fermentation residue is selected from least a in citric acid waste, vinasse, mould waste mycelia, dregs of beans slag, cephalo bacterium slag and the residue of soya;
Said agro-ecology discarded object is selected from least a in skin of beancurd, bagasse, corncob powder, discarded starch, straw or the straw discarded object.
4. according to each described mulch film in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: also contain plasticizer in the said mulch film, its content in mulch film is 0～30wt%; Said plasticizer is selected from one or more in the own ester sodium sulfonate of alcohols plasticizer, citric acid ester plasticizer, epoxy plasticiser, urea and succinic acid (2-ethyl).
5. according to each described mulch film in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: also contain the film backing material in the said mulch film, comprise fibrous material and/or inorganic filler, its content in mulch film is 0～10wt%;
Wherein, said fibrous material comprises native fiber and/or chemical fibre;
Said inorganic filler is selected from one or more in powdered whiting, talcum powder, kaolin and the wollastonite in powder.
6. according to each described mulch film in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: waterproofing agent is also contained on the surface of said mulch film, and its content in mulch film is 0～10wt%; Said waterproofing agent is at least a in acrylic acid ester emulsion, Silicone acrylic emulsion, Ludox and the polyurethane.
7. preparation method according to any said mulch film in the claim 1～6 comprises:
Steps A is gathered materials to mud and to be carried out preliminary treatment, and regulates the pH value and make the neutral mud slurries that gather materials;
Step B carries out stirring reaction with gather materials slurries and adhesive of neutral mud, before and after its reaction, optionally adds plasticizer and/or the film backing material mixes, and makes the film forming mix slurry;
Step C processes mulch film with the film forming mix slurry;
Wherein, preliminary treatment described in the steps A is selected from least a in acid system preliminary treatment, alkaline process preliminary treatment, high-temperature cooking process preliminary treatment or the blasting procedure preliminary treatment;
The consumption of acid is 0～15wt% that mud gathers materials in the said acid system preliminary treatment; The pretreated reaction condition of said acid system is: 10～150 ℃ of temperature, time 10min～72h, speed of agitator 0～250rpm;
The consumption of alkali is 0～15wt% that mud gathers materials in the said alkaline process preliminary treatment; The pretreated reaction condition of said alkaline process is: 10～150 ℃ of temperature, time 10min～72h, speed of agitator 0～250rpm;
The pretreated reaction temperature of said high-temperature cooking process is 120～170 ℃;
Said blasting procedure preliminary treatment comprises steam explosion preliminary treatment and/or the preliminary treatment of ammonia blasting procedure.
8. preparation method according to claim 7 is characterized in that: mixing and reaction condition are among the step B: 30～220 ℃ of temperature, and time 10min～10h, speed of agitator are 50～250rpm;
Adhesive described in the step B comprises polymer adhesive or other adhesives, and its consumption is 5～50wt% that mud gathers materials;
Wherein, said polymer adhesive is selected from least a in polyvinyl acetate, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, PLA, poly-succinic fourth diester, poly-, polyhydroxyalkanoate and the polyurethane; Said other adhesives are selected from least a in shitosan, starch, acrylic acid ester emulsion, gelatin, hydroxyethylcellulose or the sodium alginate.
9. preparation method according to claim 7 is characterized in that: step C adopts film-forming process that the film forming mix slurry is processed mulch film; Said film-forming process comprises blow molding, the moulding of manufacturing paper with pulp, flow casting molding, melt extrude or drawing and forming, spray-on process spray film forming or adopt the film backing material as the skeleton film forming.
10. preparation method according to claim 7 is characterized in that: said preparation method adopts waterproofing agent that said mulch film is carried out water-proofing treatment after also being included in step C, and wherein said water-proofing treatment comprises infusion method or spraying process.
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| CN201210046195.4A CN102599030B (en) | 2012-01-19 | 2012-02-24 | Degradable sludge-based mulching film and preparation method of degradable sludge-based mulching film |
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