CN102563063A - Self-reinforcing pressure container based on safety design technical conditions - Google Patents
Self-reinforcing pressure container based on safety design technical conditions Download PDFInfo
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- CN102563063A CN102563063A CN2011104423942A CN201110442394A CN102563063A CN 102563063 A CN102563063 A CN 102563063A CN 2011104423942 A CN2011104423942 A CN 2011104423942A CN 201110442394 A CN201110442394 A CN 201110442394A CN 102563063 A CN102563063 A CN 102563063A
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Abstract
The invention provides a self-reinforcing pressure container based on safety design technical conditions, and is used for improving the safety and the bearing capability of the container and solving the technical problems of the prior art that the calculation is complicated, inaccurate or not safe enough. The essentials of the technical scheme are as follows: the depth of a plastic region of the container is calculated according to the specification so that residual stress does not exceed sigma y and reverse yielding is not generated; and a bearing capability is calculated according to the specification so that the absolute value of sigma ej is less than or equal to the sigma y and the absolute value of sigma ei is less than or equal to the sigma y, wherein k is the diameter ratio, kj is the ratio of an elastic-plastic interface radius to an inner diameter, the sigma y is the yield strength, p is the inner pressure borne by the container, pe is the maximum elastic bearing capability of a non-self-reinforcing container, the sigma ej is the equivalent stress of the total stress of an elastic-plastic interface and the sigma ei is e equivalent stress of the total stress of an inner wall; when the k is less than the determined value, namely when the k is less than 2.024678965...., the container does not generate the reverse yielding after the self-reinforcing pressure is removed no matter how large the kj is.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of self-reinforcing pressure vessel, belong to technical fields such as machine science technology, chemical engineering based on the safety design technical specifications.
Background technique
Pressurized container is the special equipment that is widely used in many industrial departments, and like departments such as machinery, chemical industry, pharmacy, the energy, material, food, metallurgy, oil, building, Aeronautics and Astronautics, weapons, the pressurized container theme partly is generally cylindrical shape.The self intensification technology is to improve the important of pressurized container bearing capacity and Security thereof and effective means.The self intensification technology of pressurized container is before manipulating, it to be carried out pressure treatment (institute's plus-pressure generally surpasses operation pressure), makes the surrender of cylindrical shell internal layer, produces plastic deformation, form the plastic zone, and skin still is an elastic state.Keep the release after a period of time of this pressure.Release rear cylinder body internal layer plasticity part is because of there being residual deformation can not return to original state; Original state is tried hard to return in outer elastic region; But receiving stopping of internal layer plastic zone residual deformation can not return to original state; Therefore bear stretching, form tensile stress, internal layer then produces pressure stress because receiving the compression that skin tries hard to restore.So just formed the pre-stressed state that a kind of internal layer pressurized skin is drawn.After pressing in container comes into operation and bears, prestressing force is superimposed with the interior stress that causes of pressing of operation, and the bigger inboard wall stress of stress is reduced, and the less outer wall stress of stress increases to some extent, and stress is tending towards even in the container wall thereby make.Can improve the bearing capacity of pressurized container thus.Self intensification that Here it is.
The key factor of self intensification technology is the plastic zone degree of depth, i.e. confirming of the elasticity of container and plastic zone interface radius, or superstrain degree
Confirm that wherein ε is the superstrain degree, r
i, r
j, r
oBe respectively inside radius, elastoplasticity interface radius and the outer radius of shell; K is the self-reinforcing pressure vessel outer radius and the ratio of inside radius, i.e. k=r
o/ r
ik
jBe self-reinforcing pressure vessel elasticity and the ratio of plastic zone interface radius with inside radius, i.e. k
j=r
j/ r
i(consulting Fig. 1).The superstrain degree not only has influence on the enforcement of self-reinforcing process; And have influence on residual stress behind the removal from strengthen pressure of self intensification container, bearing capacity or the like; The superstrain degree is too big; Be that the plastic zone degree of depth is too big, reverse yielding possibly appear in container behind the removal from strengthen pressure, and promptly compressive residual stress (or its equivalent stress) (absolute value) can surpass the ultimate strength value of container material; The superstrain degree is too little, and promptly the plastic zone degree of depth is too shallow, and bearing capacity is then not high.For k
jOr r
jOr ε confirm that existing techniques mainly contains 1) graphical solution; 2) by formula
Rough calculation; 3) some r are promptly supposed in trial and error method
j, depress r in prestressing force after the calculating self intensification is handled and the operation
jThe equivalent stress σ of the total stress (prestressing force and operational stresses induced sum) at place
Ej, ask for making σ
EjMinimum r
jCalculate.These methods or too rough (like the graphical solution and the estimation technique) can not reflect question essence again; Or too loaded down with trivial details (like trial and error method), can not reflect question essence.And can not overcome some disadvantages, like the reverse yielding problem, i.e. removal self intensification possibly can produce the secondary compression surrender because receiving excessive compression by internal layer after handling time institute's applied pressure.This is very disadvantageous.From the viewpoint of safety, economy, self-reinforcing pressure vessel should guarantee not produce reverse yielding, guarantees r again
jThe equivalent stress σ of the total stress at place
EjLess than yield strength σ
y, bearing capacity is improved.
Pressurized container is processed with the good material of plasticity mostly, and third and fourth theory of strength relatively is suitable for passing judgment on the inefficacy of plastic material.Discover that when pressing fourth strength theory, only for settled amount residual stress not enough, when the equivalent residual stress had just reached the yield limit of material, the hoop residual stress of cylinder inner wall face had surpassed the yield limit of material.This safety to pressurized container is unfavorable, in case of necessity, must the hoop residual stress of cylinder inner wall face be limited, and improves the bearing capacity of container simultaneously again as best one can.
The present invention takes the corresponding techniques scheme greatly to improve its bearing capacity to avoid the container inner wall face hoop excessive while of residual stress, to the self-reinforcing pressure vessel under the pressure situation in bearing according to the purpose of restriction internal face hoop residual stress.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of self-reinforcing pressure vessel based on the safety design technical specifications.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: construct a kind of self-reinforcing pressure vessel based on the safety design technical specifications, the physical dimension of this kind pressurized container and bearing capacity confirm that by specific technological scheme specifically: its whole wall thickness does
For k greater than by formula
The self-reinforcing pressure vessel of the value of confirming, its plastic zone degree of depth by formula
Confirm that its bearing capacity does
R wherein
iBe the internal diameter of self-reinforcing pressure vessel, k is the self-reinforcing pressure vessel outer radius and the ratio of inside radius, plastic zone degree of depth k
jBe self-reinforcing pressure vessel elasticity and plastic zone interface radius r
jTo the ratio of inside radius, i.e. k
j=r
j/ r
i, σ
yBe the self-reinforcing pressure vessel YIELD STRENGTH, p is the interior pressure that self-reinforcing pressure vessel bore, p
eMaximum flexibility bearing capacity (initial yield load) for non-self-reinforcing pressure vessel.For k less than by formula
The self-reinforcing pressure vessel of the value of confirming, its plastic zone scope can be whole wall thickness, i.e. k
j=k.
Beneficial effect of the present invention and advantage are: the plastic zone depth calculation formula of self-reinforcing pressure vessel safety is provided, promptly
The thickness size (with k reflection) that this formula has been established container and the plastic zone degree of depth of safety are (with k
jReflection) function relation between has reflected the name of the game, and that has avoided that existing technology calculates is rough or loaded down with trivial details; Found the many maximum k values that can not produce reverse yielding deeply of the plastic zone degree of depth, promptly k equals by formula
The value of confirming, that is k ≈ 2.024678965... (comprise by 2.024678965... and obtain approximate number) by certain rule; The formula of self-reinforcing pressure vessel bearing capacity is provided.Whole wall thickness with the self-reinforcing pressure vessel of technological scheme of the present invention structure can be minimized, and simultaneously, presses
The plastic zone degree of depth k that relation is confirmed
jSmaller, and the plastic zone degree of depth is little, help practicing thrift the expense when carrying out self intensification and handling, and bearing capacity is the maximum flexibility bearing capacity of non-self-reinforcing pressure vessel
Doubly.In addition, by technological scheme of the present invention, each all is no more than cylinder YIELD STRENGTH σ to residual stress and equivalent stress thereof in the whole barrel after self intensification is handled can to reach the assurance container
y, the technique effect of reverse yielding does not promptly take place.The interior pressure self-reinforcing pressure vessel of therefore being constructed with technological scheme provided by the present invention is a kind of safe and economic pressurized container.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the autofrettaged cylinder of pressing in receiving.
Fig. 2 is k=3, k
jThree-dimensional relative residual stress in=1.5 o'clock barrels (σ '/σ
y) along relative position (r/r in the barrel
i) distribution.
Fig. 3 is k=3, k
jThree-dimensional relative residual stress in=1.748442 o'clock barrels (σ '/σ
y) along relative position (r/r in the barrel
i) distribution.
Fig. 4 is restriction internal face hoop residual stress σ
Ti' time k and k
jRelation.
Fig. 5 is restriction internal face hoop residual stress σ
TiThe bearing capacity figure in ' time.
Residual stress after improving when Fig. 6 is k=3 and the residual stress before equivalent stress and the improvement and the comparison of equivalent stress thereof.
Residual stress after improving when Fig. 7 is k=4 and the residual stress before equivalent stress and the improvement and the comparison of equivalent stress thereof.
Embodiment
Annotate: this example focuses on key point of the present invention, so the existing design procedure of pressurized container is not had and needn't be described in detail.
Analyze below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, to prove foundation of the present invention.Shown in Figure 1 is a pressure container cylinder of pressing in receiving, and internal layer is the plastic zone, and skin is the elastic region, and the elastic-plastic interface radius is r
j
According to the existing theory of pressurized container, behind the removal from strengthen pressure, during based on fourth strength theory, the residual stress in the container wall is (with yield limit or claim intersity limitation σ
yThe ratio value representation):
The plastic zone:
Press fourth strength theory, the equivalent stress of residual stress is:
The equivalent stress that formula (1)~(3) substitution following formula is got the plastic zone residual stress is:
The elastic region:
Equivalent stress is:
σ wherein
z'---axial residual stress, units MPa; σ
r'---residual stress radially, units MPa; σ
t'---circumferential residual stress, units MPa; R---the radius at place, arbitrfary point in the cylindrical wall, the m of unit; σ
e'---the equivalent residual stress, units MPa, indexing i representes the equivalent residual stress at internal face place, is designated as σ
Ei'/σ
y, indexing j representes the equivalent residual stress at elastic-plastic interface place, is designated as σ
Ej'/σ
y
At whole elastic region, σ
Ei'/σ
y>0.At the internal face place of cylinder, r/r
i=1, the equivalent residual stress that is got here by formula (4) is:
At the internal face place of cylinder, σ
Ei'/σ
yAlways negative.At the elastic-plastic interface place of cylinder, r/r
i=k
j, so formula (4) and (8) all become:
Order in formula (4)
On the other hand, to formula (1)~(3), make σ
z'=σ
r', σ
r'=σ
t' and σ
t'=σ
z' also must formula (11).In other words, plastic zone three-dimensional residual stress (σ
z', σ
r' and σ
t') congruence of curves meets at a bit, the abscissa of this point promptly is formula (11).
Get k=3, k
jBe respectively 1.5 and 1.748442, the relative residual stress in the cylindrical wall is (with yield limit σ
yThe ratio value representation) along relative position (r/r in the barrel
i) distribution like Fig. 2, shown in 3.Can know by Fig. 3, theoretical by top four's degree, k=3, k
j=1.748442 o'clock, at the absolute value of the relative equivalent residual stress at cylinder inner wall face place | σ
Ei'/σ
y| just reached 1, but the absolute value of relative hoop residual stress | σ
Ti'/σ
y| surpassed 1, this be because
And the σ at internal face place
Ri'/σ
y=0, so work as | σ
Ei'/σ
y|=1 o'clock, | σ
Ti'/σ
y| must surpass 1.
So, tackle σ in case of necessity
Ti'/σ
yLimit.Order
Must be according to restriction σ
Ti'/σ
yPrinciple and maximum plastic zone degree of depth k under certain k of determining
j:
In formula (12), make k
j=k gets:
Separating of formula (13) is k=2.024678965...=k
Ct, k
CtBe called critical footpath ratio, this means k≤k
CtThe time, no matter how dark the plastic zone is, even full surrender, i.e. k
j=k, when carrying out the self intensification processing, removal from strengthen pressure p
aReverse yielding can not take place in back cylinder; K>k
CtThe time, if k
jGreater than by the determined value (k of formula (12)
j>k
Jt), when carrying out the self intensification processing, removal from strengthen pressure p
aReverse yielding can take place in back cylinder.K in the formula (12)
jBe shown in Fig. 4, k≤k with the relation of k
CtThe time, plastic zone degree of depth k
jCalculate (look into and get), i.e. k by straight line od
j=k; K>=k
CtThe time, plastic zone degree of depth k
jCalculate (look into and get) by curve da, promptly calculate by formula (12).Practical application for ease is with k in the formula (12)
jList in table 1 with the numerical value of k.
Table 1
Numerical tables
Continuous table 1
Continuous table 1
According to pressurized container knowledge, the plastic zone degree of depth is k
jThe load (interior pressure) that can bear of cylinder be:
Wherein p is the load that cylinder bore.Convolution (14) and (12) proper k
j=k
JtThe time, promptly when the plastic zone degree of depth by formula (12) when confirming, at condition σ
Ti'/σ
y=-1 (| σ
Ei'/σ
y|<1) the following cylinder load of being born:
Therefore, at k>k
CtSituation under, if need to satisfy | σ
Ti'/σ
y|≤1 (| σ
Ei'/σ
y|<1), then the bearing capacity of autofrettaged cylinder is confirmed by formula (15).P/ σ
y, p
e/ σ
yBe shown in Fig. 5, wherein p
eInitial yield pressure (load) for non-autofrettaged cylinder.K>=k
CtThe time, bearing capacity is calculated (look into and get) by curve fb, promptly calculates by formula (15).
Work as k
j=k
Jt, i.e. k
jBy formula (12) when confirming, utilize formula (12) can formula (1)~(8) be put in order and residual stress and equivalent stress thereof after being improved:
X=r/r wherein
i
Residual stress before residual stress after the improvement and equivalent stress thereof and the improvement and equivalent stress thereof relatively see Fig. 6,7 (all representing to the residual stress and the relative value of the ratio of yield strength) with each.Obviously, residual stress and equivalent stress thereof after the improvement have reduced, and all in safety range, promptly all above yield strength.Among Fig. 6,7, residual stress after solid line is represented to improve and equivalent stress thereof (are r/r along barrel relative position x
i) distribution, wherein, a: σ
z'/σ
y, b: σ
r'/σ
y, c: σ
t'/σ
y, d: σ
e'/σ
yResidual stress and equivalent stress thereof before dotted line is represented to improve (are r/r along barrel relative position x
i) distribution, wherein, a ': σ
z'/σ
y, b ': σ
r'/σ
y, c ': σ
t'/σ
y, d ': σ
e'/σ
y
The theoretical foundation and the foundation of reference when certain law, relation and the data that obtain in the above analytic demonstration process, chart etc. can be used as the pressurized container engineering design also make theoretical each relationship between parameters of self intensification and Changing Pattern more clear, thorough and practical.
Claims (2)
1. self-reinforcing pressure vessel based on the safety design technical specifications is characterized in that: the physical dimension of this kind pressurized container and bearing capacity confirm that by specific technological scheme specifically: its whole wall thickness does
For k greater than by formula
The self-reinforcing pressure vessel of the value of confirming, its plastic zone degree of depth by formula
Confirm that its bearing capacity does
R wherein
iBe the internal diameter of self-reinforcing pressure vessel, k is the self-reinforcing pressure vessel outer radius and the ratio of inside radius, plastic zone degree of depth k
jBe self-reinforcing pressure vessel elasticity and plastic zone interface radius r
jTo the ratio of inside radius, i.e. k
j=r
j/ r
i, σ
yBe the self-reinforcing pressure vessel YIELD STRENGTH, p is the interior pressure that self-reinforcing pressure vessel bore, p
eMaximum flexibility bearing capacity (initial yield load) for non-self-reinforcing pressure vessel.
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Cited By (7)
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CN103470757A (en) * | 2013-10-11 | 2013-12-25 | 湖南师范大学 | Equal-strength self-enhancement pressure vessel with variable structure size |
CN104358867A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-02-18 | 湖南师范大学 | Elastic temperature difference prestress pressure container |
CN104405869A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-03-11 | 湖南师范大学 | Self-enhancement pressure container adopting elastic temperature difference prestressed internal-pressure internal heating |
CN104455410A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-03-25 | 湖南师范大学 | External-pressure elastic differential-temperature-prestress external-heating self-enhanced pressure vessel |
CN106442150A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-22 | 沈阳航天新光集团有限公司 | Stress distribution method for hyperpressure testing apparatus |
CN106844894A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-06-13 | 台州市特种设备监督检验中心 | A kind of measuring method of simple pressure container air accumulator compression strength |
CN109949879A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2019-06-28 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of submarine navigation device pressure hull self-strengthening method |
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CN103470757A (en) * | 2013-10-11 | 2013-12-25 | 湖南师范大学 | Equal-strength self-enhancement pressure vessel with variable structure size |
CN103470757B (en) * | 2013-10-11 | 2015-12-23 | 湖南师范大学 | The equal strength self-reinforcing pressure vessel that a kind of physical dimension is variable |
CN104358867A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-02-18 | 湖南师范大学 | Elastic temperature difference prestress pressure container |
CN104405869A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-03-11 | 湖南师范大学 | Self-enhancement pressure container adopting elastic temperature difference prestressed internal-pressure internal heating |
CN104455410A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-03-25 | 湖南师范大学 | External-pressure elastic differential-temperature-prestress external-heating self-enhanced pressure vessel |
CN104405869B (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2016-04-20 | 湖南师范大学 | Heating self-reinforcing pressure vessel in pressure in a kind of elasticity temperature difference prestressing force |
CN104455410B (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2016-05-11 | 湖南师范大学 | A kind of outer compression elasticity temperature difference prestressing force external heat self-reinforcing pressure vessel |
CN106442150A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-22 | 沈阳航天新光集团有限公司 | Stress distribution method for hyperpressure testing apparatus |
CN106844894A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-06-13 | 台州市特种设备监督检验中心 | A kind of measuring method of simple pressure container air accumulator compression strength |
CN106844894B (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2020-09-04 | 台州市特种设备监督检验中心 | Method for measuring and calculating compressive strength of gas storage tank of simple pressure container |
CN109949879A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2019-06-28 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of submarine navigation device pressure hull self-strengthening method |
CN109949879B (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2023-05-30 | 西北工业大学 | Self-reinforcing method for pressure-resistant shell of underwater vehicle |
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