CN102554456B - Diffusion welding method for titanium-aluminum based alloy and titanium alloy added amorphous interlayer - Google Patents
Diffusion welding method for titanium-aluminum based alloy and titanium alloy added amorphous interlayer Download PDFInfo
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- CN102554456B CN102554456B CN201210046220.9A CN201210046220A CN102554456B CN 102554456 B CN102554456 B CN 102554456B CN 201210046220 A CN201210046220 A CN 201210046220A CN 102554456 B CN102554456 B CN 102554456B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dissimilar metal diffusion welding method for a titanium-aluminum based alloy and titanium alloy (TC4) added amorphous interlayer. The method includes the steps: performing pre-welding heat treatment for a titanium-aluminum based alloy to be welded at the temperature of 1330-1360 DEG C and preserving heat for 10-40min; and placing a test piece to be welded in a protective sleeve, preventing a non-welding contact surface of the test piece from plastic deformation at a high temperature, clamping a nickel-based amorphous band between the titanium-aluminum based alloy and a titanium alloy, and performing diffusion welding at the temperature of 860-910 DEG C and at the pressure of 60-85MPa. The tensile strength of a joint obtained by the method is 350-400MPa at normal temperature and reaches 80%-90% of that of a titanium-aluminum based alloy base metal, and the tensile strength of the joint is 430-470MPa at the temperature of 400 DEG C and reaches 90%-98% of that of the titanium-aluminum based alloy base metal.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to welding technology field, relate to the dissimilar metal diffusion welding method that a kind of titanium aluminium base alloy and titanium alloy (TC4) add amorphous intermediate layer.
Background technology
Developing rapidly of aerospace industry, the requirement to structural material, particularly more and more higher to the requirement of elevated temperature strength and heat endurance.TiAl alloy has good specific strength, specific stiffness and high-temperature oxidation resistance, and proportion is only 3.8g/cm
3, well below the proportion using now, be 8.3g/cm
3ni based high-temperature alloy, so titanium-aluminium alloy becomes one of candidate material of alternative Ti alloy and Ni based high-temperature alloy at aspects such as airplane turbine, automobile engine, rocket propulsion systems.
In the practical process of this alloy, it is unavoidable running into connectivity problem, particularly with foreign peoples's alloy (as with high temperature alloy, Ti alloy) a connectivity problem key technology especially.Explore the method for attachment of this alloy and other metal, to promote this alloy practical, expand its scope of application and bring into play its performance advantage etc. significant.Adopt diffusion interconnection technique, because of without the special solder flux of development, can realize rapidly the connection of complicated large area part, the rapid application of this material will be played to important impetus.
Interconnection technique between different alloys is the common focus advanced subject of paying close attention to of domestic and international academia and industrial quarters always, particularly new material and it is planted to the solid-state interconnection technique emphasis that research worker pays close attention to especially of material.Different from the solid-state connection of alloy of the same race, due to the difference of performance between different alloys, particularly high-temperature behavior, increased the difficulty that connects experimental parameter selection and process implementing.Especially for high temperature microstructure and the larger material of performance difference, connect between the selection of temperature and the tissue of assurance different materials and performance and often have contradiction.
Utilize amorphous alloy prepared by flash set technology because it has very large degree of supercooling and solid liquid interface fltting speed, expanded solid solubility limit, suppress the formation of equilibrium phase, make that chemical composition is even, segregation significantly reduces.And because the fusion temperature scope of armorphous alloy is extremely narrow, fusing time is extremely short, thereby there is good moment mobility, as intermediate layer, can give full play to capillary absorption function, thereby can obtain fine and close high-strength joint.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the good titanium aluminium base alloy heterogeneous metal connecting method of rare effect in prior art, and a kind of practicality that has is proposed, and can meet the welding of titanium aluminium base alloy, and a kind of titanium aluminium base alloy and the titanium alloy interpolation amorphous intermediate layer diffusion welding method of widening titanium aluminium base alloy range of application.
Titanium aluminium base alloy and titanium alloy add an amorphous intermediate layer diffusion welding method, and the method comprises following steps:
(1) titanium aluminium base alloy is welded to front heat treatment, heat treated condition is under vacuum environment, at 1330～1360 ℃ of insulation 10～40min of temperature, cooling with stove;
(2) to titanium alloy to be welded with through clearing up on heat treated titanium aluminium base alloy surface;
(3) titanium aluminium base alloy to be welded and titanium alloy are placed in to protective sleeve, press from both sides the Ni-based amorphous intermediate layer of last layer between described titanium aluminium base alloy and titanium alloy, described protective sleeve is used for making test specimen to be welded non-solder side when Diffusion Welding not deform;
(4) in temperature, be 860～910 ℃, under the condition that welding pressure is 60～85MPa, titanium alloy and titanium aluminium base alloy carried out to Diffusion Welding.Time determines according to weldment size, take weldment through welding as benchmark.
The composition of described Ni-based amorphous intermediate layer and mass fraction scope thereof are: Si:3.0-8.0%, Cr:3.0-15.0%, B:2.0-6.0%, Ni: surplus.The thickness range of described Ni-based amorphous intermediate layer is 20-50 μ m, and width range is 5-50mm.Utilize the wellability that amorphous alloy is good, promote the Elements Diffusion of two kinds of mother metals to be welded.
Described Ni-based amorphous intermediate layer makes by melt spinning: under high-purity argon gas protection; in quartz ampoule, melt the single roller copper wheel that is sprayed on (linear velocity is from the 10m/s to 80m/s) of rotation after nickel-base alloy and obtain amorphous ribbon; sample thief carries out X-ray diffraction analysis and DSC test, to determine whether it is amorphous and content of amorphous.
Before described weldering, the preferred temperature of heat treatment is 1355 ℃, and heat treated preferred temperature retention time is 30min.
The optimum condition of step (4) Diffusion Welding is: temperature is 880 ℃, and pressure is 80MPa.
Described titanium alloy is TC4 titanium alloy.
Described protective sleeve is made according to sample size to be welded, conventionally by stainless steel material, is made.
In step (2), the cleaning on mother metal surface is adopted to physics cleaning, soak cleaning or the rear soak cleaning of first physics cleaning.
Described physics cleaning is to polish step by step with 200#, 400#, 600#, 800#, 1000# abrasive paper for metallograph, then puts into acetone soln Ultrasonic Cleaning;
Described soak cleaning is to configure according to the difference of mother metal adsorption layer, impurity or the oxide-film that corresponding corrosive liquid removes mother metal surface.
After welding, can carry out annealing after welding to it, object is for removing residual stress.Preferably 860 ℃ of annealing temperatures, the time determines according to weldment size.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
The present invention can alleviate to a great extent TC4 alloy in superplasticity state, carry out extremely incident disconnected the plastic deformation of Diffusion Welding at 900 ℃ by add stainless steel protection cover in pre-connection TiAl base alloy and TC4 alloy outside; guaranteed that diffusion connects carrying out smoothly of experiment, and obtained good connection effect.
By SEM, observing the diffusion connection method that weld seam can find that diffusion layer does not add intermediate layer relatively at titanium alloy side thickness has increased more than 200%.Utilize the joint both sides element that the present invention obtains to obtain sufficient diffusion, reached the effect of metallurgical binding; Part is welded and on sample TC4 side connector fracture, has been occurred the TiAl lamellar structure that tears down from TiAl base alloy substrate, has shown that the intensity of local joint is higher than the intensity of TiAl base alloy substrate.
Accompanying drawing explanation:
Fig. 1 is the model that TiAl base alloy and TC4 alloy carry out Diffusion Welding;
Fig. 2 is melt-spun process schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the X-ray diffractogram of Ni-based amorphous ribbon.
The specific embodiment
The following examples can make those skilled in the art more fully understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any way.
Embodiment 1
The dissimilar metal equal strength joint diffusion welding method of the interpolation amorphous intermediate layer of titanium aluminium base alloy and titanium alloy (TC4) is:
(1) titanium aluminium base alloy to be welded is welded to front heat treatment, heat treated condition is under vacuum environment, at 1355 ℃ of insulation 30min of temperature, cooling with stove.
(2) titanium aluminium base alloy to be welded and titanium alloy surface are cleared up.First with 200#, 400#, 600#, 800#, 1000# abrasive paper for metallograph, polish step by step; And then mother metal is put into acetone soln Ultrasonic Cleaning.
(3) will clear up rear titanium aluminium base alloy to be welded and titanium alloy (TC4) and be placed in protective sleeve; between titanium aluminium base alloy and titanium alloy, accompanying a layer thickness is the Ni-based amorphous intermediate layer that 30 μ m, width are 20mm; the composition of Ni-based amorphous intermediate layer and mass fraction thereof are: Si:5.0%; Cr:8.0%; B:3.0%, Ni: surplus.Utilize the wellability that amorphous alloy is good, promote the Elements Diffusion of two kinds of mother metals to be welded.Described protective sleeve is made according to sample size to be welded.
(4) in temperature, be 880 ℃, under the welding parameter that welding pressure is 80MPa, titanium alloy (TC4) and titanium aluminium base alloy carried out to Diffusion Welding, keep 60min.
(5) weld completely, take out welding piece, subsequently it is carried out to annealing after welding, annealing temperature is 860 ℃, and the time is 30min.
Described Ni-based amorphous intermediate layer is prepared by melt spinning: under high-purity argon gas protection; in quartz ampoule, melt after Ni-based foundry alloy and be sprayed on single roller copper wheel that linear velocity is 40m/s and prepare amorphous ribbon (as Fig. 2); sample thief carries out X-ray diffraction analysis; as shown in Figure 3, be confirmed that it is amorphous component.
Figure 1 shows that TiAl base alloy and TC4 alloy carry out the model of Diffusion Welding, titanium aluminium base alloy to be welded and titanium alloy are all pole shape, protective sleeve is stainless steel tube, its internal diameter is identical with the diameter of test specimen to be welded, and length is greater than the length sum of TiAl base alloy bar to be welded and TC4 alloy bar, TiAl base alloy bar to be welded and TC4 alloy bar pack protective sleeve central authorities into, amorphous ribbon is clipped between TiAl base alloy bar and TC4 alloy bar, the two ends of protective sleeve respectively have a stainless steel bar to stretch in protective sleeve, clamp with chuck the outer end of stainless steel bar, by stainless steel bar, to the middle application of force, push test specimen to be welded.During Diffusion Welding, in the energising of sample both sides, metal cross section is long-pending less, and resistance is larger, and under same electric current, temperature is higher, in the You Yiduan homogeneous heating district, middle part of sample heating.Shown in Fig. 1, use stainless steel protection cover, guaranteed that TC4 alloy has reached under superplasticity state and obvious distortion can not occur on non-solder side in the time of 880 ℃.
Under titanium aluminium base alloy/titanium alloy (TC4) joint normal temperature obtaining by above step embodiment, tensile strength is 350～400MPa, has reached 80%～90% of titanium aluminium base alloy mother metal; 400 ℃ of tensile strength are 430～470MPa, have reached 90%～98% of titanium aluminium base alloy mother metal.
The above; be only the present invention's specific embodiment preferably, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this, is anyly familiar with in technical scope that those skilled in the art disclose in the present invention; the variation that can expect easily or replacement, within all should being encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claim.
Claims (8)
1. titanium aluminium base alloy and titanium alloy add a diffusion welding method for amorphous intermediate layer, it is characterized in that: the method comprises following steps:
(1) titanium aluminium base alloy is welded to front heat treatment, heat treated condition is under vacuum environment, at 1330～1360 ℃ of insulation 10～40min of temperature, cooling with stove;
(2) to titanium alloy to be welded with through clearing up on heat treated titanium aluminium base alloy surface;
(3) titanium aluminium base alloy to be welded and titanium alloy are placed in to protective sleeve, press from both sides the Ni-based amorphous intermediate layer of last layer between described titanium aluminium base alloy and titanium alloy, described protective sleeve is used for making test specimen to be welded non-solder side when Diffusion Welding not deform;
(4) in temperature, be 860～910 ℃, under the condition that welding pressure is 60～85MPa, titanium alloy and titanium aluminium base alloy carried out to Diffusion Welding;
The composition of described Ni-based amorphous intermediate layer and mass fraction scope thereof are: Si:3.0-8.0%, Cr:3.0-15.0%, B:2.0-6.0%, Ni: surplus;
Described titanium alloy is TC4 titanium alloy.
2. according to the method described in claims 1, it is characterized in that: before the weldering described in step (1), heat treatment temperature is 1355 ℃, and temperature retention time is 30min.
3. according to the method described in claims 1, it is characterized in that: cleaning described in step (2) is physics cleaning, soak cleaning or the rear soak cleaning of first physics cleaning.
4. according to the method described in claims 1, it is characterized in that: the thickness range of described Ni-based amorphous intermediate layer is 20-50 μ m, and width range is 5-50mm.
5. according to the method described in claims 1, it is characterized in that: the condition of step (4) Diffusion Welding is: temperature is 880 ℃, and pressure is 80MPa.
6. according to the method described in claims 1, it is characterized in that: described Ni-based amorphous intermediate layer is prepared by melt spinning.
7. according to the method described in claims 1, it is characterized in that: after Diffusion Welding, take out welding piece, it is carried out to annealing after welding.
8. according to the method described in claims 7, it is characterized in that: the temperature of described annealing in process is 860 ℃.
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| CN105385869B (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2017-07-07 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | The preparation method of high-niobium TiAl intermetallic compound and TC4 titanium alloy composite components |
| CN107442922B (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2020-10-09 | 上海航天精密机械研究所 | Method for diffusion bonding of dissimilar materials by using amorphous interlayer |
| CN109604803A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-04-12 | 上海空间推进研究所 | A kind of diffusion welding method for propulsion subsystem engine head |
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