The silk filling argon tungsten arc process of super nickel/NiCr laminated composite materials
Technical field
The present invention relates to the welding procedure of a kind of super nickel (Super-Ni)/NiCr laminated composite materials, relate in particular between a kind of Super-Ni/NiCr laminated composite materials or the silk filling argon tungsten arc process of itself and stainless steel dissimilar material, belong to welding technology field.
Background technology
Super-Ni/NiCr laminated composite materials of the present invention is a kind of by the rolling superimposed sheet made from method superplasticforming by static pressure such as vacuum of multiple layer of super nickel (Super-Ni) and NiCr alloy basic unit, is a kind of novel high-temperature structural material.This laminated composite materials utilizes pure nickel to make the multiple layer of malleableize, has than the better high temperature resistant and anti-fatigue performance of homogenous material.This Super-Ni/NiCr laminated composite materials and other materials are connected to form quality, the performance performance separately that composite construction can alleviate member, are used for advanced power-equipment parts and have special advantages.
The Super-Ni/NiCr laminated composite materials has good high-temperature mechanical property and anti-oxidant, corrosion resistance, can be widely used in fields such as Aero-Space, nuclear engineering, energy source and power, communications and transportation, petrochemical industry, metallurgy.But, realize the welding of described high temperature laminated composite materials and guarantee that joint performance stability difficulty is very big, cause its application to be restricted.As a kind of new type high temperature structural material that has development potentiality, the weldability problem is one of major obstacle of whole processing of restriction laminated composite materials and application.
Because in Super-Ni/NiCr laminated composite materials when welding, easily form the low melting point of Ni, form single-phase austenite column crystal when weld seam solidifies and impel impurity segregation, there is fire check sensitiveness; Separating out of microstructure segregation when weld metal solidifies and fragility phase causes the plasticity of weld seam and toughness to reduce; And laminated composite materials when welding plied timber melted by heat is easy to peel off basic unit, and is poor with the fusion character of matrix, hindered applying of Super-Ni/NiCr laminated composite materials.
In some specific occasion, high-temperature component only some structure stands the effect of specific load, temperature and medium, Super-Ni/NiCr laminated composite materials and other materials are connected to form the weight that composite construction not only can alleviate member, and can bring into play performance advantage separately.Therefore, the welding of other materials such as laminated composite materials and stainless steel also is the key technology of preparation composite material structural member.At present, do not see the report of relevant Super-Ni/NiCr laminated composite materials welding research in the domestic and foreign literature as yet.
Summary of the invention
At the deficiency of existing laminated composite materials solder technology, the invention provides a kind of simple and easy to do, welding efficiency is high and adaptable super nickel (Super-Ni)/NiCr laminated composite materials between or the silk filling argon tungsten arc process of itself and stainless steel dissimilar material.
The silk filling argon tungsten arc process of super nickel of the present invention (Super-Ni)/NiCr laminated composite materials, step is as follows:
(1) before the weldering the multiple layer of the pure nickel (Super-Ni) of super nickel (Super-Ni)/NiCr laminated composite materials joint to be welded is machined away, requires processed place smooth, expose basic unit, as shown in Figure 1, and with sand paper with basic unit's polishing to metallic luster occurring;
(2) adopt diameter be the Cr-Ni alloy welding wire of 2.0~2.5mm as filling metal, with acid solution it is carried out pickling processes before the weldering, treat that the welding wire surface exposes behind the metallic luster with the clear water flushing to neutral oven dry, standby (preferably welding immediately after the oven dry); Perhaps with sand paper welding wire surface is polished to exposing metallic luster before the weldering, standby; Welding capacity hour, filler wire selects for use sand papering to get final product to exposing metallic luster, needn't carry out pickling processes;
(3) interfacing part joint surface to be welded is handled: if interfacing part to be welded is super nickel (Super-Ni)/NiCr laminated composite materials, and the same step of processing method (1); If interfacing part is that laminated composite materials is connected with stainless steel dissimilar material, the joint processes as shown in Figure 2, i.e. the same step of laminated composite materials joint processing method (1), stainless steel dissimilar material with sand paper with the joint surface finish to exposing metallic luster;
(4) super nickel (Super-Ni)/NiCr laminated composite materials joint that the described surface treatment of step (1) is good dock the assembling placement with the interfacing part joint level to be welded after step (3) is handled, and makes the fit-up gap be not more than 0.5mm;
(5) adopting the manual tungsten argon arc that fills silk to be welded in horizontal level welds, the argon tungsten arc process parameter is: weldingvoltage 10~13V, welding current 80~110A, argon flow amount 8~15L/min, force down the welding of argon arc short arc, the interrupted equably Cr-Ni alloy welding wire of filling that adds.
In the silk filling argon tungsten arc process of above-mentioned super nickel/NiCr laminated composite materials:
The multiple layer thickness of the pure nickel that described super nickel/NiCr laminated composite materials is rolling by the vacuum static pressure and super plastic forming method is made is 0.2~0.4mm, and the NiCr groundwork thickness is the lamination composite plate of 1.6~2.4mm.
Described Cr-Ni alloy welding wire is a Cr25-Ni13 alloy system welding wire, and its composition is counted with mass fraction %: C≤0.15, and Cr 22.0~25.0, and Ni 12.0~14.0, and Mn 0.5~2.5, Mo≤0.75, W≤1.0, Cu≤0.75, Si≤0.90, surplus is Fe.
Described acid solution is the aqueous solution and the 35%HNO of 5%HF
3The mixed liquor of the aqueous solution.
Described silk filling argon tungsten arc process adopts argon gas to protect, and purity of argon is greater than 99.9%.
Described silk filling argon tungsten arc process adopts tungsten-thorium electrode, and the mass fraction of tungsten is 99.9%, tungsten electrode diameter 2mm, and the end is polished into sharp cone distal.
In the silk filling argon tungsten arc process of above-mentioned super nickel/NiCr laminated composite materials: when adopting the argon tungsten-arc welding welding, if interfacing part is the welding between super nickel (Super-Ni)/NiCr laminated composite materials, argon arc can prevent the scaling loss of the multiple layer of pure nickel between two parties, impels the multiple layer of pure nickel of laminated composite materials to be shaped simultaneously with NiCr basic unit; If interfacing part is to weld between super nickel (Super-Ni)/NiCr laminated composite materials and the stainless steel, argon arc points to should be partial to stainless steel one side slightly, to reduce the heat input of laminated composite materials side, avoid the situation generation of the multiple layer of pure nickel and NiCr basic unit lack of fusion, and should intermittently add Cr-Ni alloy system filler wire equably.
The present invention adopts and adds the silk filling argon tungsten-arc welding that the Cr25-Ni13 alloy system welding wire that contains alloy element Mo, Mn, W is realized the Super-Ni/NiCr laminated composite materials.High Ni, Cr alloy welding wire and Super-Ni/NiCr laminated composite materials have intersolubility preferably, add alloy element Mo, Mn and Ni, the reaction of Cr matrix, matrix is produced the solution strengthening effect, improve the bond strength of weld metal, guarantee that the Super-Ni/NiCr laminated composite materials forms the good welding point of combination property.
Similarly, the silk filling argon tungsten arc process of the interpolation Cr25-Ni13 alloy system welding wire that the present invention proposes can be guaranteed fully fusion between Super-Ni/NiCr laminated composite materials and the stainless steel, form the reliable welding point of joint performance, alloy element in the filler alloys welding wire plays the solution strengthening effect, has improved the strength character of laminated composite materials Argon Arc Welding Joint.
Adopt method of the present invention can obtain flawless, pore-free and the good welding point of interface fusion, strength of joint approaches mother metal, percentage elongation greater than 30%.Method of the present invention is applicable to the welding of Super-Ni/NiCr laminated composite materials under heat-resistant anticorrosion, the high temperature resistant condition, the particularly welding of foreign material such as laminated composite materials and stainless steel.
Adopt the argon tungsten arc process of the Super-Ni/NiCr laminated composite materials of the filling Cr25-Ni13 alloy system welding wire that the present invention proposes, can obtain that appearance of weld is attractive in appearance, joint mechanical property and the good welding point of heat resistance.And that the present invention has is easy to operate, good manufacturability and be convenient to advantages such as field operation, is applicable to the welding between the Super-Ni/NiCr laminated composite materials, also can be used for the welding of foreign materials such as laminated composite materials and stainless steel.
Description of drawings
The banjo fixing butt jointing form of welding between Fig. 1 Super-Ni/NiCr laminated composite materials.
Wherein: the 1st, multiple layer; The 2nd, basic unit.
The banjo fixing butt jointing form of welding between Fig. 2 Super-Ni/NiCr laminated composite materials and stainless steel.
Wherein: the 1st, multiple layer; The 2nd, basic unit; The 3rd, stainless steel.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Test plate (panel) is of a size of the butt joint silk filling argon tungsten-arc welding of the Super-Ni/NiCr laminated composite materials of 100mm * 100mm * 2.5mm.Get the laminated composite materials of two same size specifications, butt welding, joint square groove.
Earlier the multiple layer of the pure nickel machining of Super-Ni/NiCr laminated composite materials joint to be welded is fallen before the welding, be processed into joint form as shown in Figure 1.Require processed joint smooth, expose basic unit, and basic unit is polished to metallic luster occurring with sand paper.Adopt diameter be the Cr25-Ni13 alloy system welding wire of 2.0mm as filling metal, welding wire surface is polished bright and clean with sand paper before the weldering.Two horizontal docking points of Super-Ni/NiCr laminated composite materials test plate (panel) that process are installed join, the fit-up gap is less than 0.5mm.Adopt the manual argon tungsten-arc welding that fills silk to weld, the argon tungsten arc process parameter is: weldingvoltage 11~12V, and welding current 80~90A, argon flow amount 8~10L/min forces down argon arc and welds, and intermittently adds filler wire equably.Tungsten-thorium electrode of diameter 2mm is adopted in argon tungsten-arc welding, and the mass fraction of tungsten is 99.9%, and the end is a sharp cone distal.
Protective gas in the welding is a purity greater than 99.9% argon gas.During welding, argon arc is placed in the middle, to prevent the multiple layer of pure nickel scaling loss, makes the multiple layer of pure nickel, NiCr basic unit and the fusion of Cr-Ni filler alloys of laminated composite materials good.
Good, the even tissue of resulting Super-Ni/NiCr laminated composite materials butt weld fusion is not found defectives such as micro-crack, pore, and the mechanical property of welding point satisfies instructions for use.
Embodiment 2:
The silk filling argon tungsten-arc welding that the Super-Ni/NiCr laminated composite materials docks with the 1Cr18Ni9Ti austenitic stainless steel.Super-Ni/NiCr laminated composite materials test plate (panel) is of a size of 80mm * 80mm * 2.5mm, 1Cr18Ni9Ti austenitic stainless steel test plate (panel) size 80mm * 80mm * 2.5mm.Two plate butt welding, the joint square groove.
Earlier the multiple layer of the pure nickel machining of Super-Ni/NiCr laminated composite materials joint to be welded is fallen before the welding, be processed into joint form as shown in Figure 2.Require processed joint smooth, expose basic unit, and basic unit is polished to metallic luster occurring with sand paper.The Cr25-Ni13 alloy system welding wire that adopts diameter of phi 2.5mm is as filling metal, and welding wire surface is bright and clean with sand papering.The Super-Ni/NiCr laminated composite materials that processes and the horizontal docking point of 1Cr18Ni9Ti austenitic stainless steel installed join, the fit-up gap is less than 0.5mm.Adopt the manual argon tungsten-arc welding that fills silk to weld, the argon tungsten arc process parameter is: weldingvoltage 11~12V, and welding current 90~100A, argon flow amount 9~12L/min forces down argon arc and welds, and intermittently adds filler wire equably.Tungsten-thorium electrode of diameter 2mm is adopted in argon tungsten-arc welding, and the mass fraction of tungsten is 99.9%, and the end is a sharp cone distal.
Protective gas in the welding is a purity greater than 99.9% argon gas.During welding, argon arc points to is partial to 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel one side slightly, to prevent the overheated and scaling loss of the multiple layer of pure nickel, makes the multiple layer of pure nickel, NiCr basic unit and the stainless steel of laminated composite materials form the good weld metal of fusion.
Resulting Super-Ni/NiCr laminated composite materials and 1Cr1SNi9Ti austenitic stainless steel banjo fixing butt jointing appearance of weld are good, even tissue, Super-Ni/NiCr laminated composite materials and 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel that weld seam is filled metal and both sides fuse good, do not find defectives such as micro-crack, pore, the mechanical property of welding point satisfies instructions for use.
Embodiment 3:
The silk filling argon tungsten-arc welding that the Super-Ni/NiCr laminated composite materials docks with the 1Cr18Ni9Ti austenitic stainless steel.
(1) before the welding the multiple layer of the pure nickel machining of super nickel/NiCr laminated composite materials joint to be welded is fallen, required processed place smooth, expose basic unit, and basic unit is polished to metallic luster occurring with sand paper;
(2) adopt diameter be the Cr-Ni alloy welding wire of 2.5mm as filling metal, with sand paper with its surface finish to exposing metallic luster;
(3) interfacing part stainless joint to be welded surface treatment: use acid solution (aqueous solution of 5%HF and 35%HNO before the weldering
3The mixed liquor of the aqueous solution) pickling processes is carried out in its joint, treat that the stainless joint surface exposes behind the metallic luster with the clear water flushing to neutral, oven dry, standby; Or stainless steel dissimilar material with sand paper with the joint surface finish to exposing metallic luster, standby;
(4) the horizontal docking point of interfacing part joint to be welded after the described super nickel/NiCr laminated composite materials joint to be welded that machines away the multiple layer of pure nickel of step (1) and step (3) processing is installed join, and make the fit-up gap be not more than 0.5mm;
(5) adopt the manual tungsten argon arc that fills silk to be welded in horizontal level and weld, the argon tungsten arc process parameter is: weldingvoltage 12~13V, and welding current 100~110A, argon flow amount 12~15L/min forces down argon arc and welds.
Wherein: the multiple layer thickness of the pure nickel that described super nickel/NiCr laminated composite materials is rolling by the vacuum static pressure and super plastic forming method is made is 0.3mm, and the NiCr groundwork thickness is the lamination composite plate of 2.0mm.
Described Cr-Ni alloy welding wire is a Cr25-Ni13 alloy system welding wire, and its composition is counted with mass fraction %: C≤0.15, and Cr 22.0~25.0, and Ni 12.0~14.0, and Mn 0.5~2.5, Mo≤0.75, W≤1.0, Cu≤0.75, Si≤0.90, surplus is Fe.
Described silk filling argon tungsten arc process adopts argon gas to protect, and purity of argon is greater than 99.9%.
Described silk filling argon tungsten arc process adopts tungsten-thorium electrode, and the mass fraction of tungsten is 99.9%, tungsten electrode diameter 2mm, and the end is polished into sharp cone distal.
Argon tungsten-arc welding when welding, should intermittently add the Cr-Ni alloy welding wire of filling equably, argon arc points to should be partial to stainless steel one side slightly, to reduce the heat input of laminated composite materials one side, avoids the situation generation of the multiple layer of pure nickel and basic unit's lack of fusion.