CN102550429A - Application of low-carbon saving type pig house - Google Patents
Application of low-carbon saving type pig house Download PDFInfo
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- CN102550429A CN102550429A CN2012100319130A CN201210031913A CN102550429A CN 102550429 A CN102550429 A CN 102550429A CN 2012100319130 A CN2012100319130 A CN 2012100319130A CN 201210031913 A CN201210031913 A CN 201210031913A CN 102550429 A CN102550429 A CN 102550429A
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Abstract
The invention relates to application of a low-carbon saving type pig house, belonging to the field of application of a pig house. The pig house adopts a galvanized steel pipe greenhouse structure, and the roof of the pig house is covered with a plastic light transmission film and a sun-shading net material; a ventilation opening which can be opened and closed is arranged on each of a south wall body and a north wall body, a retractable ventilation skylight facing toward the south is arranged at the top of the pig house and is pulled and retracted through a longitudinal scroll at the top of the pig house; a fan is arranged on each of an east gable and a west gable of the pig house for supplementing ventilation; and a medium pressure atomization spraying system is arranged above a pigpen in the pig house, a fermentation bed is arranged on the south side of the interior of the pigpen, fermentation bed padding is laid in a fermentation bed padding pit, an aeration fermentation system pipeline is buried at the bottom of the pit. The pig house adopts steel pipe materials and the structure which is helpful for convection and ventilation, and utilizes time-delay atomization spraying technology, fermentation bed pig raising technology and the aeration fermentation technology at the bottom of the fermentation bed, so that the pig house reduces construction cost and use cost, is energy-saving and environment-friendly, and reduces carbon emissions.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of application of pig house, the application of particularly a kind of low-carbon (LC), economizing type environmental protection pig house.
Background technology:
Existing pig house is similar with common building structure, adopts the room of brick wood or color steel construction more, and this pig house construction period is long, cost is high, and the manufacturing of used building materials all belongs to the highly energy-consuming industry, and the carbon emission amount is big; Simultaneously this type pig house exists problems such as daylighting, poor, the aeration-cooling effect of heat insulating effect is bad: for swinery in winter long needs of piglet all living creatures particularly; This type of pig house takes to reduce draught area more; Heating systems such as coal, electricity consumption improve and maintenance house temperature through burning simultaneously; The height but these modes not only consume energy causes NH in the house owing to suppress ventilation simultaneously
3, H
2Gases such as S are accumulated, and are unfavorable for that swinery is healthy; And in order to tackle summer high temperature weather; How this type of pig house need dispose equipment such as fan, wet curtain-blower fan, spraying cooling system, and these equipment have remedied to a certain extent that this type of pig house draught area is little, the defective of effect of heat insulation difference, but the aeration-cooling facility of this type also exists constructions, maintenance cost height; Power consumption, water consumption; Problems such as use carbon emission amount is big, though better like spraying cooling technology cooling-down effect, can cause moist ponding in the colony house; Impel mosquitos and flies, bacteria breed, air is dirty.
In addition; Cement floor is all adopted on existing most pigsties ground, inevitably will clear up, collect, handle a pig excreta in the daily management, and this needs labor manpower, the energy, water source; Cause wholesale carbon emission amount simultaneously, and bring serious environmental, water pollution.Effectively the degrade excreta of the daily generation of swinery of microorganism in the fermentation bed to raise pig techniques make use fermenting bed padding reaches the fecaluria zero-emission of breeding process, efficiently solves the excremental processing difficult problem of swinery fecaluria, and the low-carbon (LC) saving.But this technology has also run into some problems in China's application process: one, and fermentation bed to raise pig cooling in summer problem; Fermentation bed itself is understood the fermentation heat production and is unfavorable for heat radiation, runs into summer high temperature weather, causes the pig heat stress easily; The dead pig phenomenon of heat can appear when serious; And existing spraying cooling method water consumption is big, can cause fermenting bed padding humidity excessive, influences ferment effect; Two; Fermentation bed to raise pig colony house unit are stock-carrying capacity is few; Cause the colony house construction cost to rise, because the fermentation bed to raise pig technology is to accomplish the degradation to pig manure urine through fermenting bed padding, the fecaluria excreta that excessive pig produces can not in time be degraded in less bedding and padding; Can cause fermentation bed fermentation failure even " dead bed ", therefore cause fermentation bed colony house unit are stock-carrying capacity littler by about 50% than concrete floor colony house; Three, produce greenhouse gases, fermentation bed is used for a long time, humidity can occur, the phenomenon that hardens, and causes anaerobic fermentation to produce CH
4, N
2O isothermal chamber gas.
This shows, overcome the above problem in the fermentation bed to raise pig technology, a kind of construction of research and design, low, effective low-carbon (LC), the economizing type environmental protection pig house ten minutes necessity of operating cost.
Summary of the invention:
Technical problem
The objective of the invention is to overcome the above problem in the fermentation bed to raise pig technology, research and design is used a kind of construction, lower, effective low-carbon (LC), the economizing type environmental protection pig house of operating cost.
Technical scheme
The objective of the invention is to realize like this:
A kind of application of low-carbon (LC) economizing type environmental protection pig house, said low-carbon (LC) economizing type environmental protection pig house comprises pig house booth and pig house inner facility.
Said pig house booth adopts the big booth structure of coating steel pipe; Width is greater than 8m, highly greater than 4m; Booth surface internal layer covers the plastics light-transmissive film with waterproof, heat-proof quality, covers black sunshade net again apart from the booth roofing more than the 1.5m of ground and gable metope light-transmissive film surface and covers high light; The able to turn on or off ventilating opening of height 1.2-1.8m is established in body of wall bottom, both sides, pig house booth north and south, through the folding height of film-coiling device adjusting plastics light-transmissive film, the draught area of control both sides; But the booth top is provided with direction folding ventilation skylight to the south; Ventilation comprises the pig house top supporting rod on the skylight structure, be fixed in vertical spool on the top supporting rod, serving, a side and pig house top cross bar through spool rotation folding and unfolding form hinged skylight cover, and the skylight cover opposite side links to each other with serving; During operation, through the transmission device rotation vertical spool folding and unfolding in pig house top serving, the folding of tractive trapdoor lid; Booth east, Western Hills wall pitch ground 50cm are provided with fan, air-supply in house; East, Western Hills wall are provided with She Men by the north and are used for turnover.
But folding skylight, booth top, its advantage is: the skylight can be opened to greatest extent and both sides, pig house north and south ventilating opening forms circulation of air from bottom to top, and the hot-air fast rise is discharged in being more conducive to give up; Can form the complete stream linear structure with the booth roofing when skylight is closed, reduce air resistance coefficient to greatest extent.
Said pig house inside is passageway, north side, southern side pigsty, and is arranged at pressure atomizing spray system in the booth inside above the pigsty; Passageway, north side East and West direction is extended and the She Men of pig house booth both sides gable joins passageway floor pavement cement pre-fabricated panel; The southern side is provided with fermentation bed in the pigsty, and said fermentation bed is the underground type fermentation bed, and the bottom in the fermenting bed padding hole is provided with pipe alley, buries inflation fermentation system pipeline in the pipe alley underground; The north side is provided with the platform that cement pre-fabricated panel is laid on the surface in the pigsty, places bedding and padding to equal with platform in the bedding and padding hole; Lean on the north side to place to supply the search for food autofeed hopper of usefulness of swinery on the platform; Outer, pigsty southern side is provided with pig and uses the duckbilled drinking bowl, and it has derives the outer water receiving tank of house with residual water, prevents that fermenting bed padding is too moist.
Fermenting bed padding hole degree of depth 40-80cm, fermenting bed padding hole bottom surface soil compaction get final product, and the earth metope is accomplished with the bottom surface and is 120-135 ° of angle bank protection all around, covers cement pre-fabricated panel on the bank protection in order to reinforcing, prevents the slump of metope earth; Said pipe alley is positioned at bottom, fermenting bed padding hole; Built by laying by sandstone, cement material and to form, pipe alley ditch body cross section is trapezoidal, and cross section is square in the pipe alley; Fermentation bed bottom inflation fermentation system master, branch pipe(tube) are arranged in the pipe alley; The covering of pipe alley top is dustproof uses cement plate, prevents that fermenting bed padding from falling into the interior fermentation bed bottom of stopping up of ditch and inflating fermentation system, and pipe alley is communicated with pipe alley with being provided with blow vent between the cement plate with dustproof with external.
Said fermenting bed padding divides upper and lower two-layer the laying: the bedding and padding thickness 20-40cm of lower floor; Employing is without agricultural crop straws such as the complete corn of pulverizing, wheat, paddy rice; Thickness with the 5-10cm/ layer successively is layed in bottom, fermenting bed padding hole; Layer with layer between stalk be 90 ° of angles and intersect laying, compacting afterwards; Upper strata bedding and padding thickness 30-50cm adopts the good dunnage material of discretenesses such as wood chip, rice husk to lay, and advances the preceding upper strata bedding and padding are sprayed of pig and contains the water of yeast-like fungi kind increasingly, and modulation bedding and padding relative moisture is to 40-60%, and overlay film starts fermentation and gets final product.Saved as the bottom bedding and padding with complete stalk and to have pulverized the required energy resource consumption of bedding and padding, the bottom bedding and padding intersect and lay simultaneously, leave enough gap uniformly, help the fermentation bed bottom and inflate the gas that fermentation system charges into and spread to the upper strata bedding and padding.
Said fermentation bed bottom inflation fermentation system is made up of fan blower, tube connector, fermentation bed bottom inflation trunk line, fermentation bed bottom inflation branch pipe(tube) on its structure; Its inflation is main, branch pipe(tube) is located in the bottom pipe ditch of fermenting bed padding hole, and the crops straw complete by fermentation bed lower floor covers with the wrong mode of comprehensive-traversed by.Fan blower adopts commercially available cfentrifugal blower, power 0.75-1.5kw; Tube connector, fermentation bed bottom inflation master, branch pipe(tube) all adopt the pvc pipe of diameter 8-11cm to process.Fan blower is fixed in the outer ground of fermentation bed pig house; Link to each other with fermentation bed bottom inflation trunk line through tube connector; Every separated 1-2m is apart from connection fermentation bed bottom inflation branch pipe(tube) on the fermentation bed bottom inflation trunk line, and the venthole that the every interval 10-30cm distance in both sides, the oblique below of branch pipe(tube) tube wall is opened diameter 1cm is inflated in the fermentation bed bottom.When fan blower starts; Air permeation venthole and pipe alley side blow vent charge into the fermenting bed padding bottom; The crops straw interstitial diffusion that sees through the intersection laying of fermentation bed lower floor promotes the aerobic fermentation of fermenting bed padding to pig manure homaluria thing to the fermenting bed padding upper strata.
Fermentation bed bottom inflation fermentation system is used to improve the bedding and padding gas permeability generally speaking, promotes in the fermentation bed, the aerobic fermentation of lower floor's bedding and padding, suppresses its anaerobic fermentation effect, reduces CH
4, N
2The generation of O isothermal chamber gas, every day, intermittent work was no more than 30 minutes, so quantity of heat production is limited; But in spring, autumn, winter, stock-carrying capacity and pig house heating needs in order to improve unit are fermentation bed pig house can prolong the working time of system, accelerate the aerobic fermentation speed and the heat production speed of pig excrements in the bedding and padding.
Press the atomizing spray system to be mainly used in said and reduce pig house temperature in summer, adjusting fermenting bed padding humidity, elimination fermentation bed airborne dust, can be used for simultaneously in fermenting bed padding, spraying and replenish probiotics.Press pipe to constitute by clock switch control system, water tank, pressure pump, withstand voltage water pipe, atomizer, storage on its structure.The external pig house running water pipe of water tank injects water and uses in water tank when needing water, when needs replenish probiotics in fermentation bed, bacterial classification is dropped in the tank water, and system sprays through atomizing spray; Connection water tank of pressure pump, the other end links to each other with withstand voltage water pipe, and every separated 1-3m is equipped with atomizer on the withstand voltage water pipe spraying pipeline; Said clock switch is controlled system and is made up of the time control switch and the time relay, and time control switch directly connects power supply, the switch time of control power supply every day; One in the time relay links to each other with time control switch, and one links to each other with pressure pump, and under the power supply opening situation, the control pressure pump is to start 5 seconds---close 60 seconds mode periodic duty; Used pressure pump operating pressure 1-6MPa; Used withstand voltage water pipe caliber 20mm, withstand voltage 2.5MPa horizontally suspend in 2.5-3.5 rice, pigsty top, and said atomizer adopts the fine atomizer of HLNN series M type; Operating pressure 0.3-1.5MPa, water droplet atomizing diameter 20-40 μ m; Said storage presses pipe to be positioned at directly over the withstand voltage water pipe spraying pipeline middle part, is connected with withstand voltage water pipe through caliber 20mm PPR pipe, and storage presses pipe to adopt the PPR pipe of caliber 60-80mm, withstand voltage 2.5MPa to process, length 30-50cm, and air is filled in inside.
In press atomizing spray system water pump work, produce pressure and be stored in storage and press in the pipe, the pressure of pressing pipe slowly to discharge through storage is the droplet below the diameter 50 μ m with the water droplet atomizing; Can regulate clock switch control system in the actual production as required, control of pump working time, spraying duration and gap periods.
The advantage of native system is: one, adopt to store up and press the pipe storage to press, the every work of water pump just can be sprayed 1 minute for 5 seconds continuously, than the energy of existing mist cooling system's saving more than 80%; Two, different with common pig house sprinkling equipment, press atomizing spray technology and special atomizer in the employing, reduce water consumption greatly, make the water droplet atomizing effect better simultaneously, the bedding and padding humidification is even, and good dedusting effect also can not cause the colony house excess surface water; Three, can regulate clock switch control system based on the inside and outside temperature of house, humidity situation, control pump working time, spraying duration and gap periods flexibly.Show through actual the use, the good cooling effect of native system, 10 seconds are the highest lowers the temperature 8 ℃, and temperature is below 34 ℃ in can guaranteeing to give up during 40 ℃ of temperature; The while energy-saving and water-saving, darg 8 hours, only about 0.8 degree of power consumption, water consumption is less than 40 liters; And the system equipment cost is very low, is roughly equal to 1500 yuan of/houses.
Summer, generally it is open that pig house north and south side ventilating opening keeps, and makes and form the wayside pavilion effect in the pig house booth;
When fine weather temperature is lower than 30 ℃; Open fully in pig house north and south side ventilating opening and skylight, top; The black sunshade net that the pig house roofing covers has heated pig house top air, and hot-air is discharged from the skylight, top, and ventilating opening flows into pig house bottom lower temperature air from the both sides, north and south; Form circulation of air from bottom to top, can satisfy the aeration-cooling needs of swinery in the pig house;
When temperature is higher than 30 ℃, keep the skylight, top to open fully, regulate north and south side ventilating opening film-coiling device to transferring film to ventilating opening height 1/2-1/3 place;
When She Neiwen is higher than 34 ℃, the pig house set inside produces water droplets in the middle pressure atomizing spray system works of pigsty top; Meanwhile; Pig house thing gable starting fan is air-supply in house, promotes water droplet ground and the gasification of pig surface in air, in the colony house to absorb heat, and reaches the effect of cooling; In summer, it is nice and cool relatively to lay the cement pre-fabricated panel platform in the pigsty, and pig only can be selected to lie and have a rest above that, lowers the temperature through heat conducting and radiating;
Winter cold snap, pig house north and south side ventilating opening and skylight, top are closed, reduce scattering and disappearing of heat; Winter, sunlight was given up the interior temperature rising that promotes to give up through the plastics light-transmissive film irradiation that booth does not cover the sunshade mesh portions; Because the fermentation calefaction of fermenting bed padding, pig only more is ready to lie on the fermentation bed to have a rest, and through heat conduction insulation heating, is aided with the effect of fermentation bed bottom inflation fermentation system, and the fermenting bed padding aerobic fermentation is more vigorous, more helps the raising of house temperature in winter.
Beneficial effect
Low-carbon (LC) of the present invention, economizing type environmental protection pig house have shown following advantage in actual use:
1) construction period weak point, construction cost is low.Because pig house adopts the booth structure building, the construction time is very short, area 240m
2Can complete in the general 3-5 of pig house booth days; And because bank protection covers cement pre-fabricated panel around having only passageway, pigsty inner platform and fermenting bed padding hole, do not need cement floor, whole pig house cost is at 150 yuan/m
2In.
2) energy-saving and water-saving.Summer, pig house was taked the cooling of the aeration-cooling and middle pressure atomizing spray of big booth structure system; The former need not consume energy; The latter is owing to adopted storage to press technology such as pipe, atomizing spray; Than similar spraying cooling technical energy saving more than 80%, water saving is more than 50%, low many of pig house cooling systems such as construction, operation, maintenance cost specific humidity curtain-blower fan; Because adopt the fermentation bed to raise pig technology, a pig excreta directly decomposes in the fermenting bed padding top fermentation, need not consume water, electricity cleaning colony house; The heat production of fermentation bed fermentation simultaneously, according to measuring the fermentation bed surface near room temperature, and apart from case depth 30cm place temperature above 40 ℃; As adopt inflation fermentation system in fermentation bed bottom to inflate 30 minutes; This degree of depth temperature can surpass 55 ℃, and pig was only liked and plowed the fermentation bed top layer and couch that it goes up heating winter, need not volume outer burning coal or electricity consumption basically and warmed oneself; Have only and meet severe cold weather or pig only hour; Every day, proper extension fermentation bed bottom inflationtime can satisfy the heating needs in 1-2 hour, and according to one hour power consumption 1-2 degree of measuring and calculating inflation, far below traditional pig house heating energy resource consumption.
2) hygienic environment-protecting is taken into account efficient.Employing fermentation bed to raise pig technology is handled problems the excreta of original puzzlement pig industry and is resolved, and a pig ight soil original place is decomposed by the beneficial bacterium fermentation, thereby has suppressed the generation with stink of growing of harmful bacterium, and a pig incidence of disease obviously descends; The use of fermentation bed bottom inflation fermentation system has improved the fermenting bed padding gas permeability, has promoted fermenting bed padding to reach the wherein only excremental aerobic fermentation of pig, suppresses CH
4, N
2The generation of O isothermal chamber gas; Simultaneously, increase the inflation fermentation time in spring, autumn, winter and quicken the only excremental fermentation decomposition of pig, can improve the stock-carrying capacity of unit are colony house, thereby improve the utilization ratio of fermentation bed to raise pig pig house; Increase inflation in addition winter and can also improve temperature in the pig house in winter.
4) effectively reduce the carbon emission amount.Adopt the pig house mode of construction of the big booth structure of steelframe, surface coverage film, reduced the usage amount of high-carbon discharge capacity building materials significantly; It is aeration-cooling heat insulation with Winter protection that the structure of pig house booth helps summer; Low, the instant effect of cooling measure power consumption that is adopted; The fermentation bed to raise pig technology is used in combination with bottom inflation fermentation system; Make the winter pig house not need extra power consumption, burn coal and heat and to keep suitable and culture temperature, be used for electricity, the consumption of coal that summer is aeration-cooling, the Winter protection heating is required, in daily use, reduce the carbon emission amount thereby greatly reduce; The use of inflation fermentation system has also effectively suppressed CH
4, N
2The generation of O isothermal chamber gas.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is low-carbon (LC), economizing type environmental protection pig house overall schematic
Fig. 2 is low-carbon (LC), economizing type environmental protection pig house booth structural representation
Fig. 3 is low-carbon (LC), economizing type environmental protection pig house inner facility structural representation
Fig. 4 is a fermentation bed bottom inflation fermentation system structural representation
Fig. 5 is a fermentation bed bottom inflation fermentation system branch pipe(tube) generalized section
Fig. 6 is a middle pressure atomizing spray system spraying pipeline sketch map
Press the storage of atomizing spray system to press the plumber to make principle schematic among Fig. 7
Fig. 8 is a pig house booth gravity-flow ventilation cooling structure principle schematic
Among the figure: 1-booth roofing, 2-gable, 3-ventilating opening, 4-film-coiling device, 5-skylight cover; The 6-support bar, the vertical spool of 7-, 8-serving, 9-transmission device, 10-fan; 11-She Men, the 12-passageway, the 13-pigsty is pressed the atomizing spray system among the 14-; 15-fermenting bed padding hole, 16-fermentation bed bottom inflation fermentation system, 17-platform, 18-autofeed hopper; 19-duckbilled drinking bowl; The 20-water receiving tank, 21-bank protection, 22-pipe alley, the dustproof cement plate of using of 23-; The 24-blow vent, 25-venthole, 26-fan blower, 27-tube connector; 28-fermentation bed bottom inflation trunk line, 29-fermentation bed bottom inflation branch pipe(tube), 30-water tank, 31-pressure pump; The withstand voltage water pipe of 32-, the 33-atomizer, pipe is pressed in the 34-storage.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing as follows with implementation detail explanation of the present invention:
The application of a kind of low-carbon (LC), economizing type environmental protection pig house comprises pig house booth and pig house inner facility.
As shown in Figure 2; The pig house booth adopts the big booth structure of coating steel pipe; Width is greater than 8m, highly greater than 4m; Booth surface internal layer covers the plastics light-transmissive film with waterproof, heat-proof quality, covers black sunshade net again apart from the booth roofing (1) more than the 1.5m of ground and gable (2) metope light-transmissive film surface and covers high light; The able to turn on or off ventilating opening (3) about height 1.2-1.8m is established in body of wall bottom, both sides, pig house booth north and south, through the folding height of film-coiling device (4) adjusting plastics light-transmissive film, the draught area of control both sides; But the booth top is provided with direction folding ventilation skylight to the south; Ventilation comprises pig house top supporting rod (6) on the skylight structure, be fixed in vertical spool (7) on the top supporting rod (6), rotate folding and unfolding through spool (7) serving (8), a side and pig house top cross bar form hinged skylight cover (5), and skylight cover (5) opposite side links to each other with serving (8); During operation, through transmission device (9) the rotation vertical spool in pig house top (7) folding and unfolding serving (8), (5) folding of tractive trapdoor lid; Booth east, Western Hills wall (2) pitch ground 50cm are provided with fan (10), air-supply in house; East, Western Hills wall (2) are provided with She Men (11) by the north and are used for turnover.
But folding skylight, booth top, its advantage is: the skylight can be opened to greatest extent and both sides, pig house north and south ventilating openings (3) form circulation of air from bottom to top, and the hot-air fast rise is discharged in being more conducive to give up; Can form the complete stream linear structure with booth roofing (1) when the skylight is closed, reduce air resistance coefficient to greatest extent.
As shown in Figure 3, the pig house inner facility comprises: passageway, north side (12), southern side pigsty (13), and be arranged at pressure atomizing spray system (14) in the booth inside above the pigsty (13).Passageway, north side (12) East and West direction is extended and the She Men (11) of pig house booth both sides gables (2) joins, and cement pre-fabricated panel is laid in ground, passageway (12); The interior southern side of pigsty (13) is provided with fermentation bed, and said fermentation bed is the underground type fermentation bed, and bottom, fermenting bed padding hole (15) is buried fermentation bed bottom inflation fermentation system (16) pipeline underground; The interior north side of pigsty (13) is provided with the platform (17) that cement pre-fabricated panel is laid on the surface, places bedding and padding in the bedding and padding holes (15) to equal with platform (17); Platform (17) go up to lean on the north side to place to supply the search for food autofeed hopper (18) of usefulness of swinery; Pigsty (13) outer, southern side is provided with pig with duckbilled drinking bowl (19), and it has derives the outer water receiving tank (20) of house with residual water, prevents that fermenting bed padding is too moist.
Like Fig. 3, shown in 5; Fermenting bed padding hole (15) degree of depth 40-80cm, fermenting bed padding hole (15) bottom surface soil compaction gets final product, and the earth metope is accomplished with the bottom surface and is 120-135 ° of angle bank protection (21) all around; Bank protection (21) is gone up and is covered cement pre-fabricated panel in order to reinforce, and prevents the slump of metope earth; Said pipe alley (22) is positioned at fermenting bed padding hole (15) inner bottom part; Build by laying by sandstone, cement material and to form; Pipe alley (22) ditch body cross section is trapezoidal; The interior cross section of pipe alley (22) is square, and fermentation bed bottom inflation fermentation system master (28), branch pipe(tube) (29) are arranged in the pipe alley (22), and pipe alley (22) top covers dustproof with cement plate (23); Preventing that bedding and padding from falling into stops up gas ducting venthole (25) in the ditch, is provided with blow vent (24) between pipe alley (22) and the dust excluding plate pipe alley (22) is communicated with external.The effect of pipe alley (22) is to guarantee that fermentation bed inflation fermentation system (16) pipeline overall structure is complete, avoids the long-term extruding of bedding and padding piping displacement, fracture to occur.
Said fermenting bed padding divides upper and lower two-layer the laying: the bedding and padding thickness 20-40cm of lower floor; The pipe alley (22) that is positioned at the fermentation bed bottom is embedded in wherein; Employing is without agricultural crop straws such as the complete corn of pulverizing, wheat, paddy rice; Successively be layed in bottom, fermenting bed padding hole (15) with the thickness of 5-10cm/ layer, layer with layer between stalk be 90 ° of angles and intersect laying, compacting afterwards; Upper strata bedding and padding thickness 30-50cm; Adopt the good dunnage material of discretenesses such as wood chip, rice husk to lay; Sprinkling contains the water of strong little 99 board vigor fermentation bed compound bacteria commodity microbial inoculums of yeast-like fungi kind Yichun Qiangwei Biotechnology Co., Ltd. production increasingly to the upper strata bedding and padding before advancing pig; Modulation bedding and padding relative moisture is to 40-60%, and overlay film starts fermentation and gets final product.
Like Fig. 4, shown in 5, inflation fermentation system (16) in fermentation bed bottom is made up of fan blower (26), tube connector (27), fermentation bed bottom inflation trunk line (28), fermentation bed bottom inflation branch pipe(tube) (29) on its structure; Its inflation trunk line (28), branch pipe(tube) (29) are located in fermenting bed padding hole (15) bottom pipe ditch (22), and the crops straw complete by fermentation bed lower floor covers with the wrong mode of vertical-traversed by.Fan blower (26) adopts commercially available cfentrifugal blower, power 0.75-1.5kw; Tube connector (27), fermentation bed bottom inflation main (28), branch pipe(tube) (29) all adopt the pvc pipe of diameter 8-11cm to process.Fan blower (26) is fixed in the outer ground of fermentation bed pig house; Link to each other with fermentation bed bottom inflation trunk line (28) through tube connector (27); Inflation trunk line (28) is gone up every separated 1-2m apart from connection fermentation bed bottom inflation branch pipe(tube) (29) bottom the fermentation bed, and the venthole (25) that the every interval 10-30cm distance in both sides, the oblique below of branch pipe(tube) (29) tube wall is opened diameter 1cm is inflated in the fermentation bed bottom.Fan blower (26) is when starting; Air permeation venthole (25) and pipe alley (22) side blow vent (24) charge into the fermenting bed padding bottom; The crops straw interstitial diffusion that sees through the intersection laying of fermentation bed lower floor promotes the aerobic fermentation of fermenting bed padding to pig manure homaluria thing to the fermenting bed padding upper strata.
Fermentation bed bottom inflation fermentation system (16) is used to improve the bedding and padding gas permeability generally speaking, promotes in the fermentation bed, the aerobic fermentation of lower floor's bedding and padding, suppresses its anaerobic fermentation effect, reduces CH
4, N
2The generation of O isothermal chamber gas, every day, intermittent work was no more than 30 minutes, so quantity of heat production is limited; But in spring, autumn, winter, stock-carrying capacity and pig house heating needs in order to improve unit are fermentation bed pig house can prolong the working time of system, accelerate excremental aerobic fermentation speed of pig house and heat production speed in the bedding and padding.
As shown in Figure 6, said middle pressure atomizing spray system (14) is mainly used in and reduces pig house temperature in summer, adjusting fermenting bed padding humidity, elimination fermentation bed airborne dust, can be used for the additional probiotics of sprinkling in fermenting bed padding simultaneously.Press pipe (34) to constitute by clock switch control system, water tank (30), pressure pump (31), withstand voltage water pipe (32), atomizer (33), storage on its structure.The external pig house running water pipe of water tank (30); In water tank (30), injecting certain water gaging when needing water uses; When needs replenish probiotics in fermentation bed, bacterial classification is dropped in water tank (30) water with certain proportion, spray through the atomizing spray system and get final product; (31) connection water tanks of pressure pump (30), the other end links to each other with withstand voltage water pipe (32), and every separated 1-3m is equipped with atomizer (33) on withstand voltage water pipe (32) the spraying pipeline.Said clock switch is controlled system and is made up of the time control switch (the KG316T type micro computer time-controlled switch that adopts Zhejiang Ai Deli Electrical Appliances Co., Ltd to produce) and the time relay (adopting the ZYS48 type time relay of the tall and erect Electronics Co., Ltd. in Shanghai production); Time control switch directly connects power supply, the switch time of control power supply every day; One in the time relay links to each other with time control switch, and one links to each other with pressure pump (31), and under the power supply opening situation, control pressure pump (31) is to start 5 seconds---close 60 seconds mode periodic duty.Used pressure pump (31) is that commercially available common carwash is used force pump, operating pressure 1-6MPa.Used withstand voltage water pipe (32) adopts the PPR pipe of commercially available caliber 20mm, withstand voltage 2.5MPa, horizontally suspends in 2.5-3.5 rice, pigsty (13) top.Said atomizer (33) adopts Jining Xin Jiangyuan to spray and purifies the fine atomizer of HLNN series M type that Science and Technology Ltd. produces, operating pressure 0.3-1.5MPa, and water droplet atomizing diameter 20-40 μ m, and do not have big water droplet generation.Said storage presses pipe (34) to be positioned at directly over withstand voltage water pipe (32) the spraying pipeline middle part; Be connected with withstand voltage water pipe (32) through caliber 20mm PPR pipe; Storage presses pipe (34) to adopt the PPR pipe of caliber 60-80mm, withstand voltage 2.5MPa to process, length 30-50cm, and air is filled in inside.
As shown in Figure 7; At pressure pump (31) to start 5 seconds---close in 60 seconds periodic duty flow processs storage and press pipe (34) to play a role like this: storage presses pipe (34) inside to fill air; The air compression ratio is big; When the hydraulic pressure of pressure pump (31) when opening in the water pipe volume of air that contracts, pressure is stored in presses in the pipe (34); When pressure pump (31) is closed, store up and press the interior air of pipe (34) through the slow release pressure of volumetric expansion, realize the spraying of delaying time; Simultaneously because storage presses pipe (34) to place the central authorities of whole spraying pipeline, and the atomizer (33) of both sides distance equates relatively,, make spraying evenly to the shower nozzle of equidistance (33) pressure basis equalization with it.
Middle pressure atomizing spray system (14) can regulate clock switch control system, control of pump (31) working time, spraying duration and gap periods in actual use as required.And the use of pipe (34) and atomizer (33) is pressed in storage, has reduced the consumption of water, electricity, simultaneously to pig house lower the temperature, dust removing effects is better, the bedding and padding humidification is more even.
Like Fig. 2, shown in 8, the summer that pig house constituted, aeration-cooling system was work like this: summer, generally it is open that pig house north and south side ventilating opening (3) keeps, and makes and form the wayside pavilion effect in the pig house booth; When fine weather temperature is lower than 30 ℃; Open fully in pig house north and south side ventilating opening (3) and skylight, top; The black sunshade net that pig house roofing (1) covers has heated pig house top air, and hot-air is discharged from the skylight, top, and ventilating opening (3) flows into pig house bottom lower temperature air from the both sides, north and south; Form circulation of air from bottom to top, can satisfy the aeration-cooling needs of swinery in the pig house; When temperature is higher than 30 ℃, keep the skylight, top to open fully, regulate north and south side ventilating opening (3) film-coiling device (4) to transferring film to ventilating opening (3) height 1/2-1/3 place; The ventilating opening normal throw increasing up and down of pig house this moment; Pig house north and south side draught area reduces, and stack effect is more obvious, and the air velocity that north and south side ventilating opening (3) sucks in pig house is accelerated; And, reduces north and south side ventilating opening (3) because flowing into air-flow position; More near swinery place horizontal plane in the house, air-flow is more blows over from the swinery plane, has guaranteed that the relatively dry of swinery region is nice and cool; When She Neiwen is higher than 34 ℃; The pig house set inside is in middle pressure atomizing spray system (14) work of pigsty (13) top; Produce water droplets, meanwhile, pig house thing gable fan (10) starts air-supply in house; Promote water droplet ground and gasification heat absorption of pig surface in air, in the colony house, reach the effect of cooling; In summer, it is nice and cool relatively to lay cement pre-fabricated panel platform (17) in the pigsty (13), and pig only can be selected to lie and have a rest above that, lowers the temperature through heat conducting and radiating.
Winter cold snap, pig house north and south side ventilating opening (3) and skylight, top are closed, reduce scattering and disappearing of heat; Winter, sunlight was given up the interior temperature rising that promotes to give up through the plastics light-transmissive film irradiation that booth does not cover the sunshade mesh portions; Because the fermentation calefaction of fermenting bed padding; Pig only more is ready to lie on the fermentation bed to have a rest, and through heat conduction insulation heating, is aided with the effect of fermentation bed bottom inflation fermentation system (16); The fermenting bed padding aerobic fermentation is more vigorous, more helps the raising of house temperature in winter.
Because pig house adopts the booth structure building, the construction time is very short, area 240m in actual use for low-carbon (LC) of the present invention, economizing type environmental protection pig house
2Can complete in the general 3-5 of pig house booth days; And owing to lay cement pre-fabricated panel around having only passageway, pigsty inner platform and fermenting bed padding hole, do not need cement floor, whole pig house cost is at 150 yuan/m
2In.Than similar spraying cooling technical energy saving more than 80%, water saving is more than 50%, low many of pig house cooling systems such as construction, operation, maintenance cost specific humidity curtain-blower fan; Because adopt the fermentation bed to raise pig technology, a pig excreta directly decomposes in the fermenting bed padding top fermentation, need not consume water, electricity cleaning colony house; The heat production of fermentation bed fermentation simultaneously, according to measuring the fermentation bed surface near room temperature, and apart from case depth 30cm place temperature above 40 ℃; As adopt inflation fermentation system in fermentation bed bottom to inflate 30 minutes; This degree of depth temperature can surpass 55 ℃, and pig was only liked and plowed the fermentation bed top layer and couch that it goes up heating winter, need not volume outer burning coal or electricity consumption basically and warmed oneself; Have only and meet severe cold weather or pig only hour; Every day, proper extension fermentation bed bottom inflationtime can satisfy the heating needs in 1-2 hour, and according to one hour power consumption 1-2 degree of measuring and calculating inflation, far below traditional pig house heating energy resource consumption.Hygienic environment-protecting is taken into account efficient, improves the stock-carrying capacity of unit are colony house, thereby has improved the utilization ratio of fermentation bed to raise pig pig house.
Claims (4)
1. the application of a low-carbon (LC) economizing type environmental protection pig house; It is characterized in that: described pig house comprises pig house booth and pig house inner facility; Said pig house booth adopts the big booth structure of coating steel pipe; Greater than 4m, booth surface internal layer covers the plastics light-transmissive film with waterproof, heat-proof quality to width greater than 8m, height, covers black sunshade net again apart from the booth roofing more than the 1.5m of ground and gable metope light-transmissive film surface and covers high light; The able to turn on or off ventilating opening of height 1.2-1.8m is established in body of wall bottom, both sides, pig house booth north and south, through the folding height of film-coiling device adjusting plastics light-transmissive film, the draught area of control both sides; But the booth top is provided with direction folding ventilation skylight to the south; Ventilation comprises the pig house top supporting rod on the skylight structure, be fixed in vertical spool on the top supporting rod, serving, a side and pig house top cross bar through spool rotation folding and unfolding form hinged skylight cover, and the skylight cover opposite side links to each other with serving; During operation, through the transmission device rotation vertical spool folding and unfolding in pig house top serving, the folding of tractive trapdoor lid; Booth east, Western Hills wall pitch ground 50cm are provided with fan, air-supply in house; East, Western Hills wall are provided with She Men by the north and are used for turnover;
Said pig house inside is passageway, north side, southern side pigsty, and is arranged at pressure atomizing spray system in the booth inside above the pigsty; Passageway, north side East and West direction is extended and the She Men of pig house booth both sides gable joins passageway floor pavement cement pre-fabricated panel; The southern side is provided with fermentation bed in the pigsty, and said fermentation bed is the underground type fermentation bed, and the bottom in the fermenting bed padding hole is provided with pipe alley, buries inflation fermentation system pipeline in the pipe alley underground; The north side is provided with the platform that cement pre-fabricated panel is laid on the surface in the pigsty, places bedding and padding to equal with platform in the bedding and padding hole; Lean on the north side to place to supply the search for food autofeed hopper of usefulness of swinery on the platform; Outer, pigsty southern side is provided with pig and uses the duckbilled drinking bowl, and it has derives the outer water receiving tank of house with residual water, prevents that fermenting bed padding is too moist;
Fermenting bed padding hole degree of depth 40-80cm, fermenting bed padding hole bottom surface soil compaction, the earth metope is accomplished with the bottom surface and is 120-135 ° of angle bank protection all around, covers cement pre-fabricated panel on the bank protection in order to reinforce, and prevents the slump of metope earth; Said pipe alley is positioned at bottom, fermenting bed padding hole; Built by laying by sandstone, cement material and to form, pipe alley ditch body cross section is trapezoidal, and cross section is square in the pipe alley; Fermentation bed bottom inflation fermentation system master, branch pipe(tube) are arranged in the pipe alley; The covering of pipe alley top is dustproof uses cement plate, prevents that fermenting bed padding from falling into the interior fermentation bed bottom of stopping up of ditch and inflating fermentation system, and pipe alley is communicated with pipe alley with being provided with blow vent between the cement plate with dustproof with external;
Inflation fermentation system in fermentation bed bottom is made up of fan blower, tube connector, fermentation bed bottom inflation trunk line, fermentation bed bottom inflation branch pipe(tube) on its structure; Its inflation is main, branch pipe(tube) is embedded in the bottom pipe ditch of fermenting bed padding hole, and fan blower adopts commercially available cfentrifugal blower, power 0.75-1.5kw; Tube connector, fermentation bed bottom inflation master, branch pipe(tube) all adopt the pvc pipe of diameter 8-11cm to process; Fan blower is fixed in the outer ground of fermentation bed pig house; Link to each other with fermentation bed bottom inflation trunk line through tube connector; Every separated 1-2m is apart from connection fermentation bed bottom inflation branch pipe(tube) on the fermentation bed bottom inflation trunk line, and the venthole that the every interval 10-30cm distance in both sides, the oblique below of branch pipe(tube) tube wall is opened diameter 1cm is inflated in the fermentation bed bottom.
2. application according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: fermenting bed padding divides upper and lower two-layer the laying in the said fermenting bed padding hole: the bedding and padding thickness 20-40cm of lower floor; Employing is without the agricultural crop straw of pulverizing; Successively be layed in bottom, fermenting bed padding hole with the thickness of 5-10cm/ layer, layer with layer between stalk be 90 ° of angles and intersect laying, compacting afterwards in length and breadth; Upper strata bedding and padding thickness 30-50cm adopts the discreteness dunnage material to lay, and advances the preceding upper strata bedding and padding are sprayed of pig and contains the water of yeast-like fungi kind increasingly, and modulation upper strata bedding and padding relative moisture is to 40-60%, and overlay film starts fermentation.
3. application according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: press in said on the atomizing spray system architecture and press pipe to constitute by clock switch control system, water tank, pressure pump, withstand voltage water pipe, atomizer, storage; The external pig house running water pipe of water tank injects water and uses in water tank when needing water, when needs replenish probiotics in fermentation bed, bacterial classification is dropped in the tank water, and system sprays through atomizing spray; Connection water tank of pressure pump, the other end links to each other with withstand voltage water pipe, and every separated 1-3m is equipped with atomizer on the withstand voltage water pipe spraying pipeline; Said clock switch is controlled system and is made up of the time control switch and the time relay, and time control switch directly connects power supply, the switch time of control power supply every day; One in the time relay links to each other with time control switch, and one links to each other with pressure pump, and under the power supply opening situation, the control pressure pump is to start 5 seconds---close 60 seconds mode periodic duty; Used pressure pump operating pressure 1-6MPa; Used withstand voltage water pipe caliber 20mm, withstand voltage 2.5MPa horizontally suspend in 2.5-3.5 rice, pigsty top, and said atomizer adopts the fine atomizer of HLNN series M type; Operating pressure 0.3-1.5MPa, water droplet atomizing diameter 20-40 μ m; Said storage presses pipe to be positioned at directly over the withstand voltage water pipe spraying pipeline middle part, is connected with withstand voltage water pipe through caliber 20mm PPR pipe, and storage presses pipe to adopt the PPR pipe of caliber 60-80mm, withstand voltage 2.5MPa to process, length 30-50cm, and air is filled in inside.
4. application according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that:
Summer, generally it is open that pig house north and south side ventilating opening keeps, and makes and form the wayside pavilion effect in the pig house booth;
When fine weather temperature is lower than 30 ℃; Open fully in pig house north and south side ventilating opening and skylight, top; The black sunshade net that the pig house roofing covers has heated pig house top air, and hot-air is discharged from the skylight, top, and ventilating opening flows into pig house bottom lower temperature air from the both sides, north and south; Form circulation of air from bottom to top, can satisfy the aeration-cooling needs of swinery in the pig house;
When temperature is higher than 30 ℃, keep the skylight, top to open fully, regulate north and south side ventilating opening film-coiling device to transferring film to ventilating opening height 1/2-1/3 place;
When She Neiwen is higher than 34 ℃, the pig house set inside produces water droplets in the middle pressure atomizing spray system works of pigsty top; Meanwhile; Pig house thing gable starting fan is air-supply in house, promotes water droplet ground and the gasification of pig surface in air, in the colony house to absorb heat, and reaches the effect of cooling; In summer, it is nice and cool relatively to lay the cement pre-fabricated panel platform in the pigsty, and pig only can be selected to lie and have a rest above that, lowers the temperature through heat conducting and radiating;
Winter cold snap, pig house north and south side ventilating opening and skylight, top are closed, reduce scattering and disappearing of heat; Winter, sunlight was given up the interior temperature rising that promotes to give up through the plastics light-transmissive film irradiation that booth does not cover the sunshade mesh portions; Because the fermentation calefaction of fermenting bed padding, pig only more is ready to lie on the fermentation bed to have a rest, and through heat conduction insulation heating, is aided with the effect of fermentation bed bottom inflation fermentation system, and the fermenting bed padding aerobic fermentation is more vigorous, more helps the raising of house temperature in winter;
Fermentation bed bottom inflation fermentation system intermittent work every day is no more than 30 minutes; But,, prolong fermentation bed bottom inflationtime 1-2 hour every day for stock-carrying capacity and the pig house heating needs that improve unit are fermentation bed pig house in spring, autumn, winter.
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