CN102539508A - System and method for monitoring malodorous gas of stall - Google Patents
System and method for monitoring malodorous gas of stall Download PDFInfo
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- CN102539508A CN102539508A CN2011104315878A CN201110431587A CN102539508A CN 102539508 A CN102539508 A CN 102539508A CN 2011104315878 A CN2011104315878 A CN 2011104315878A CN 201110431587 A CN201110431587 A CN 201110431587A CN 102539508 A CN102539508 A CN 102539508A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system and method for monitoring malodorous gas of a stall and relates to the technical field of harmful gas monitoring. The system comprises a constant potential electrochemical gas sensor arranged at a preset position in the stall to be monitored, a sensor driving module, a signal conditioning module and a data acquisition and processing module. The sensor driving module is connected with the constant potential electrochemical gas sensor and used for providing current for counter electrodes of the constant potential electrochemical gas sensor, enabling the counter electrodes and working electrodes to form a current return circuit, and providing stable reference potential for reference electrodes. The signal conditioning module is used for converting current signals output by the constant potential electrochemical gas sensor into voltage signals and outputting the voltage signals. The data acquisition and processing module is connected with the signal conditioning module, inverts densities of hydrogen sulfide and ammonia in the stall according to the voltage signals output by the signal conditioning module, and calculates malodorous level of the stall according to the inverted densities of the hydrogen sulfide and the ammonia in the stall. The system and the method save time and labor and are high in instantaneity and accuracy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the monitoring harmful gases technical field, relate in particular to a breeding house foul gas monitoring system and a method.
Background technology
In recent years, the harmful gas that discharges in the agricultural production has received the concern of various circles of society.In livestock and poultry cultivation, a large amount of livestocks are concentrated the high-density rearing in the animal house, and causing has a large amount of harmful gases to produce in the animal house, be the main source of agricultural production noxious gas emission.Harmful gas in the animal house mainly contains ammonia, sulfuretted hydrogen, methane, carbon dioxide etc., and wherein sulfuretted hydrogen and ammonia have penetrating odor, are the main constituents of animal house foul gas.Sulfuretted hydrogen and ammonia not only pollute surrounding environment, also people and livestock and poultry are damaged simultaneously.
Sulfuretted hydrogen is the lower a kind of toxic gas of concentration ratio in the animal house, and the sulfuretted hydrogen with rotten-egg odour is prone to absorbed by respiratory mucosa, combines to form sodium sulphide with sodion, and mucous membrane is produced intense stimulus, causes ophthalmia and respiratory inflammation, even pulmonary edema.Under the The Long-term Effect of low concentration hydrogen sulphide, livestock and poultry physique dies down, and premunition descends, and gastroenteritis takes place simultaneously easily, have a weak heart etc.High-concentration hydrogen sulfide can make livestock and poultry respiratory center paralysis, death by suffocation.Ammonia is the higher toxic gas of content in the animal house, when livestock and poultry suck ammonia, at first is adsorbed on mucous membrane such as nose, throat, tracheae, bronchus and the eye conjunctiva, causes pain, coughs, sheds tears, and tracheitis, bronchitis and conjunctivitis etc. take place.Ammonia influences the growth performance of livestock and poultry, reduces Abwehrkraft des Koepers, increases the neurological susceptibility by the air borne disease, brings out diseases such as breathing function disorder.Therefore monitor foul gas content in the animal house and can improve the production efficiency of livestock and poultry cultivation, reduce environmental pollution, reduce the probability of happening of zoonosis.
Yet, the present on-line monitoring method of still not having high efficiency, low cost to foul gas in the animal house.Traditional monitoring method mainly contains sampling chemical analysis and spectrum detection method.Chemical analysis is that gas to be measured is sampled, and under lab carries out chemical analysis, draws the concentration of gas.Use this method, the testing staff need get into animal house, in animal house, selects sampled point; With taking back the laboratory after the gas sampling in the animal house; Carry out chemical analysis, and then draw an animal house foul gas emission behaviour, draw chemical analysis results and need 2-3 days time from sampling.Spectrum detection method comprises FTIR, TDLAS etc., and the accuracy of detection of this method is higher, is online detection method.The harmful gas that uses this method to detect in the animal house need be put in checkout equipment in the animal house, according to applied environment equipment is calibrated, and draws the concentration of foul gas in the animal house through the absorption line of analyzing special wavelength light.This method input is bigger, is adapted at using in the large-scale plant.
The measurement of foul gas has following defective in traditional animal house.
Chemical analysis:
(1) time-consuming, survey crew need arrive the scene air in the animal house is sampled, and sampling back sample gas need be done chemical analysis in the laboratory, need the time more than two days;
(2) effort, survey crew need arrive each animal house to be detected sampling, and the method for sampling is complicated, needs the professional to accomplish;
(3) do not possess in real time,, can not react the situation of foul gas in the animal house timely, provide early warning information owing to need sampling post analysis earlier;
(4) accuracy is low, and the process of transporting of the setting of sampled point and sample all can impact the accuracy that detects.
Spectrographic method:
(1) cost is high, and the employed equipment price of spectrographic method to millions of, makes the foul gas cost of monitoring in this way in the animal house quite high at hundreds of thousands;
(2) affected by environment, the airborne dust of animal house is more, and spectrographic method receives the influence of dust in the animal house easily.The animal house environmental change is bigger in addition, is unfavorable for the demarcation of equipment;
(3) plant maintenance difficulty, light spectrum detecting apparatus is a precision equipment, disliking to omit to use under the environment at animal house has considerable influence to equipment itself, needs the professional to safeguard.
Summary of the invention
The technical matters that (one) will solve
The technical matters that the present invention will solve is: a kind of time saving and energy saving, real-time and high animal house foul gas monitoring system and the method for accuracy are provided.
(2) technical scheme
For addressing the above problem, the invention provides a kind of gas monitoring system, this system comprises: the constant potential electrochemical gas sensor places predetermined position in the animal house to be monitored; The sensor drive module; Link to each other with the constant potential electrochemical gas sensor; What be used to said constant potential electrochemical gas sensor provides electric current to electrode, makes said to electrode and working electrode formation current return, for contrast electrode provides stable reference potential; The signal condition module is used for converting the current signal of said constant potential electrochemical gas sensor output into voltage signal, and output; Digital sampling and processing links to each other with said signal condition module, according to the voltage signal of said signal condition module output, and the concentration of sulfuretted hydrogen and ammonia in the inverting animal house.
Preferably; This system also comprises: alarm module; Link to each other with said digital sampling and processing, said digital sampling and processing is calculated the stench grade of animal house according to the densimeter of sulfuretted hydrogen and ammonia in the animal house that is finally inversed by, and said alarm module is reported to the police according to said stench grade accordingly.
Preferably; This system also comprises: demarcating module; All link to each other with said constant potential electrochemical gas sensor and said digital sampling and processing; The characteristics of the linear output of gas concentration that is used for being finally inversed by according to said digital sampling and processing and said constant potential electrochemical sensor are demarcated said constant potential electrochemical sensor.
Preferably, said digital sampling and processing further comprises: AD conversion unit is used to gather the signal of said signal condition module output, and it is carried out analog to digital conversion, the output digital voltage signal; The retrieving concentration unit is used for the voltage signal according to said AD conversion unit output, the concentration of sulfuretted hydrogen and ammonia in the inverting animal house; Stench grade identifying unit is used for treating sulfuretted hydrogen and the concentration of ammonia and the position of said constant potential electrochemical gas sensor in the animal house according to said, calculates the stench grade of said animal house.
Preferably, said digital sampling and processing is a single-chip microcomputer.
Preferably, this system also comprises: display module, link to each other with said digital sampling and processing, and be used to the data that show that said digital sampling and processing inverting obtains.
Preferably, said constant potential electrochemical gas sensor is the constant potential electrochemical gas sensor.
The present invention also provides a breeding house foul gas monitoring method, and the method comprising the steps of:
S1. the constant potential electrochemical gas sensor is placed predetermined position in the animal house to be monitored;
S2. for said constant potential electrochemical gas sensor to electrode electric current is provided, make said to electrode and working electrode formation current return, for contrast electrode provides stable reference potential;
S3. the current signal with said constant potential electrochemical gas sensor output converts voltage signal into;
S4. acquisition step S3 voltage signal processed, and according to the concentration of sulfuretted hydrogen and ammonia in its inverting animal house.
Preferably, this method also comprises step:
S5. the densimeter of sulfuretted hydrogen and ammonia is calculated the stench grade of said animal house in the animal house that is finally inversed by according to step S4, and reports to the police accordingly according to said stench grade.
Preferably, in step S4, step S3 voltage signal processed is carried out carrying out inverting again after the analog to digital conversion.
(3) beneficial effect
System and method of the present invention can be with online mode; Foul gas situation in the animal house is monitored in real time; Not only can obtain the concentration of interior main foul gas composition ammonia of animal house and sulfuretted hydrogen, can provide the stench rank in the animal house according to the actual application scenario of system simultaneously.Systems approach of the present invention has remedied the deficiency of original foul gas monitoring means; Mode that can be through long-distance radio communication is carried out Centralized Monitoring to the foul gas emission behaviour of a plurality of animal houses in the large area region; The animal house that foul gas is exceeded standard can give the alarm timely; Avoid the livestock disease that exceeds standard and cause because of foul gas, economic loss is effectively avoided in the generation of prevention livestock epidemic situation.The number of sensors changeable, systematic parameter can be provided with to the monitoring to the target of dissimilar, different scales with being provided with, and time saving and energy saving, real-time and accuracy are high.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the animal house foul gas monitoring system structured flowchart of embodiment 1;
Fig. 2 is the animal house foul gas detection system synoptic diagram of embodiment 2;
Fig. 3 is the animal house foul gas monitoring method process flow diagram according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Animal house foul gas monitoring system and method that the present invention proposes specify as follows in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment.
Through oxidation or reduction reaction concentration is converted certain chemical gas in the air into electric signal, obtain the concentration of corresponding gas through the size that detects electric signal.The constant potential electrochemical gas sensor is an example with constant potential electrolytic cell type gas sensor, and this sensor is the electrochemical sensor that a kind of redox reaction takes place under electric current is forced.Constant potential electrolytic cell type gas sensor is made up of three electrodes; Be respectively working electrode, to electrode and contrast electrode; Chemical reaction wherein to be studied mainly takes place on working electrode, and electrode and working electrode are formed the loop, and it is smooth logical that working electrode is powered on; Contrast electrode is an electrode that known electromotive force does not polarize in theory, is used to measure working electrode and reaches the electromotive force to electrode.
Working electrode with electrode is formed an electrode pair, when this immerses electrode in the electrolytic solution, can produce polarization when adding voltage between two electrodes.If working electrode is negative for just to electrode, then the negative ion in the electrolytic solution is shifted to working electrode, and positive ion is shifted to electrode, and tested gaseous diffusion can produce electrochemical reaction and discharge electric charge to working electrode under catalyst action at this moment.With the hydrogen sulfide sensor is example, gets into the hydrogen sulfide gas of sensor, and following electrode reaction takes place on working electrode:
Working electrode:
H
2S＝S+2H++2e (1)
H
2S+2H
2O＝SO
2+6H++6e (2)
To electrode:
2H
2O→O
2+4H++4e (4)
The reaction of entire cell is:
H
2S+2O
2→H
2SO
4 (5)
This moment the H on the working electrode
2The oxidation ejected electron takes place in O, reduction reaction is then taken place electrode obtain electronics, and working electrode changes with current potential to electrode, produces electric current, and size of current is relevant with factors such as electrode potential and gas concentrations.The available following formula of relation between Faradaic current and the gas concentration is represented:
Wherein, i is a kinetic current, and F is a Faraday constant, and S is the reaction interface area, and D is a gas diffusivity, and C is a gas concentration, the electron number that n discharges for 1 moles of gas in the reaction, and δ is a gas-diffusion electrode thickness.F, S, D, n and δ are constant, therefore according to the size of measuring current i just can inverting gas concentration.
System and method of the present invention is promptly according to above-mentioned principle.
As shown in Figure 1, the animal house foul gas monitoring system of present embodiment comprises: constant potential electrochemical gas sensor, sensor drive module, signal condition module, digital sampling and processing, alarm module and demarcating module.Wherein:
The constant potential electrochemical gas sensor places predetermined position in the animal house to be monitored, and can the constant potential electrochemical sensor all be set the diverse location place in animal house.
The sensor drive module links to each other with the constant potential electrochemical gas sensor, and what be used to the constant potential electrochemical gas sensor provides electric current to electrode, makes electrode and working electrode are formed current return, for contrast electrode provides stable reference potential.
The signal condition module is used for converting the faint current signal of constant potential electrochemical gas sensor output into voltage signal (I/V conversion), and output.The output of constant potential electrochemical gas sensor is comparatively faint, is generally the current signal of nA level.Present embodiment adopts transconductance type operational amplifier I/V change-over circuit to convert the low current signal of this sensor output into the mV magnitude voltage signals; Simultaneously, adopting high speed signal to amplify and filtering, is can be by the scope of analog to digital converter acceptance with the feeble signal conditioning.
Digital sampling and processing links to each other with the signal condition module, according to the voltage signal of signal condition module output, and the concentration of sulfuretted hydrogen and ammonia in the inverting animal house.
Alarm module links to each other with digital sampling and processing, and digital sampling and processing is calculated the stench grade of animal house according to the densimeter of sulfuretted hydrogen and ammonia in the animal house that is finally inversed by, and said alarm module is reported to the police according to said stench grade accordingly.
Demarcating module all links to each other with constant potential electrochemical gas sensor and digital sampling and processing; According to gas concentration and the linear characteristics of exporting of constant potential electrochemical sensor that digital sampling and processing is finally inversed by, the constant potential electrochemical sensor is demarcated.
In the system of present embodiment, digital sampling and processing further comprises: AD conversion unit, retrieving concentration unit and identifying unit.Wherein:
The signal of AD conversion unit acquired signal conditioning module output, and it is carried out analog to digital conversion, the output digital voltage signal, present embodiment adopts the high-speed signal acquisition method, and the signal of array sensor output is carried out digitizing one by one; The concentration of sulfuretted hydrogen and ammonia in the voltage signal that the retrieving concentration unit is exported according to AD conversion unit, inverting animal house; Stench grade identifying unit calculates the stench grade of this animal house according to the concentration of sulfuretted hydrogen in the animal house and ammonia and the position of constant potential electrochemical gas sensor.
In the present embodiment, digital sampling and processing is preferably the single-chip microcomputer with A/D converter, and the function of demarcating module and alarm module also can be integrated in this single-chip microcomputer or accomplished by this single-chip microcomputer.
As shown in Figure 2, the animal house foul gas detection system of present embodiment is applied to highly be the animal house 1 of 3m, and fowl poultry of raising in this animal house 1 is the pig only 2 that grows up.
Have three groups of hydrogen sulfide sensors 3 and ammonia gas sensor 4 in this system; The parallel placement of two sensors is can obtain the gas concentration at same position place, and these three groups of sensors place respectively apart from ground 0.2m (like figure 10), 1m (like figure 9) and 2.5m (like figure 8) and locate.Each sensor rear end is provided with and drives and signal conditioning circuit 5, makes that working sensor and the nA level conversion of signals that sensor is exported are 0-5V normal voltage signal.The output of driving and signal conditioning circuit 5 is connected to digital sampling and processing 6, by it signal is carried out the A/D conversion, and according to each the collection point gas concentration of data inversion after the conversion, on the LCD screen, shows, and data are carried out record.Digital sampling and processing 6 rounds up with the result of calculation L of concentration of hydrogen sulfide information to formula (7) according to the ammonia that obtains, and draw the interior stench grade of animal house, and alarm module 7 provides warning message when the stench rank exceeds standard.
L＝0.175(0.76S1+0.14N1)+0.175(0.76S2+0.14N2)+0.15(0.76S3+0.14N3)
(7)
S1, N1 are the sulfuretted hydrogen and the ammonia concentration at the 0.2m place apart from ground in the formula (7), and S2, N2 are the sulfuretted hydrogen and the ammonia concentrations at the 1m place apart from ground, and S3, N3 are the sulfuretted hydrogen and the ammonia concentrations at the 2.5m place apart from ground.Because what raise in the animal house 1 is the pig only 2 that grows up, the concentration of sulfuretted hydrogen should be no more than 6.6ppm in the animal house 1, and the maximum concentration of ammonia is no more than 35ppm.By the concentration maximal value stench degree in the animal house 1 is divided into 5 grades, utilizes 5/6.6 to obtain the preceding coefficient of Si, utilize 5/35 to obtain the preceding coefficient of Ni.Again to weight of sensor assignment of each position; Suppose two kinds of gases to pig only 2 influence no less important; Because livestock present position harmful gas concentration is important relatively in the animal house, institute thinks the sensor assignment weight 0.175 at 0.2m and 1m place, and 2.5m punishes and joins weight 0.15.
As shown in Figure 3, the present invention also provides a breeding house foul gas monitoring method, and the method comprising the steps of:
S1. the constant potential electrochemical gas sensor is placed predetermined position in the animal house to be monitored;
S2. for said constant potential electrochemical gas sensor to electrode electric current is provided, make said to electrode and working electrode formation current return, for contrast electrode provides stable reference potential;
S3. the current signal with said constant potential electrochemical gas sensor output converts voltage signal into;
S4. acquisition step S3 voltage signal processed, step S3 voltage signal processed carried out analog to digital conversion after, according to the concentration of sulfuretted hydrogen and ammonia in its inverting animal house.
Method also comprises step:
S5. the concentration of sulfuretted hydrogen and ammonia is calculated the stench grade of this animal house in the animal house that is finally inversed by according to step S4, and reports to the police accordingly according to this stench grade.
In the method for the present invention, according to the situation of foul gas in the concentration-response animal house of sulfuretted hydrogen that records and ammonia.The present invention to other decision method of stench level of animal house is: the position of the influence and the sensor of animal house institute letting animals feed being installed according to ammonia, sulfuretted hydrogen; Confirm the influence coefficient of the gas concentration that each sensor is gathered; Again influence coefficient and the concentration value that records are multiplied each other the stench rank that draws animal house to be monitored with rounding up after the results added.
Method of the present invention comprises that also the step of demarcating this constant potential electrochemical sensor thinks that the concentration value inverting provides foundation according to the characteristics of the gas concentration scope of actual monitoring environment and the linear output of constant potential electrochemical sensor.Particularly, select the zero point and 2 of the maximal values of expection output that sensor is demarcated according to the characteristics of the linear output of constant potential electrochemical sensor.With these 2 concentration that draws-voltage straight lines, the background correction noise promptly can be used for the tested gas concentration of inverting.
Above embodiment only is used to explain the present invention; And be not limitation of the present invention; The those of ordinary skill in relevant technologies field under the situation that does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can also be made various variations and modification; Therefore all technical schemes that are equal to also belong to category of the present invention, and scope of patent protection of the present invention should be defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. a breeding house foul gas monitoring system is characterized in that this system comprises:
The constant potential electrochemical gas sensor places predetermined position in the animal house to be monitored;
The sensor drive module; Link to each other with the constant potential electrochemical gas sensor; What be used to said constant potential electrochemical gas sensor provides electric current to electrode, makes said to electrode and working electrode formation current return, for contrast electrode provides stable reference potential;
The signal condition module is used for converting the current signal of said constant potential electrochemical gas sensor output into voltage signal, and output;
Digital sampling and processing links to each other with said signal condition module, according to the voltage signal of said signal condition module output, and the concentration of sulfuretted hydrogen and ammonia in the inverting animal house.
2. the system of claim 1 is characterized in that, this system also comprises:
Alarm module links to each other with said digital sampling and processing, and said digital sampling and processing is calculated the stench grade of animal house according to the densimeter of sulfuretted hydrogen and ammonia in the animal house that is finally inversed by, and said alarm module is reported to the police according to said stench grade accordingly.
3. the system of claim 1 is characterized in that, this system also comprises:
Demarcating module; All link to each other with said constant potential electrochemical gas sensor and said digital sampling and processing; The characteristics of the linear output of gas concentration that is used for being finally inversed by according to said digital sampling and processing and said constant potential electrochemical sensor are demarcated said constant potential electrochemical sensor.
4. system as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, said digital sampling and processing further comprises:
AD conversion unit is used to gather the signal of said signal condition module output, and it is carried out analog to digital conversion, the output digital voltage signal;
The retrieving concentration unit is used for the voltage signal according to said AD conversion unit output, the concentration of sulfuretted hydrogen and ammonia in the inverting animal house;
Stench grade identifying unit,, be used for treating sulfuretted hydrogen and the concentration of ammonia and the position of said constant potential electrochemical gas sensor in the animal house according to said, calculate the stench grade of said animal house.
5. system as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, said digital sampling and processing is a single-chip microcomputer.
6. the system of claim 1 is characterized in that, this system also comprises:
Display module links to each other with said digital sampling and processing, is used to the data that show that said digital sampling and processing inverting obtains.
7. like each described system of claim 1-6, it is characterized in that said constant potential electrochemical gas sensor is the constant potential electrochemical gas sensor.
8. a breeding house foul gas monitoring method is characterized in that the method comprising the steps of:
S1. the constant potential electrochemical gas sensor is placed predetermined position in the animal house to be monitored;
S2. for said constant potential electrochemical gas sensor to electrode electric current is provided, make said to electrode and working electrode formation current return, for contrast electrode provides stable reference potential;
S3. the current signal with said constant potential electrochemical gas sensor output converts voltage signal into;
S4. acquisition step S3 voltage signal processed, and according to the concentration of sulfuretted hydrogen and ammonia in its inverting animal house.
9. method as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, this method also comprises step:
S5. the densimeter of sulfuretted hydrogen and ammonia is calculated the stench grade of said animal house in the animal house that is finally inversed by according to step S4, and reports to the police accordingly according to said stench grade.
10. method as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, in step S4, step S3 voltage signal processed is carried out carrying out inverting again after the analog to digital conversion.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104535628A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2015-04-22 | 深圳市元征科技股份有限公司 | Method and device for acquiring gas concentration |
| CN108572001A (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2018-09-25 | 上海仪器仪表研究所 | The Portable environmental-monitoring device and method of Animal Lab. |
| CN113075264A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-07-06 | 北京艾森泰科科技有限责任公司 | Method and device for calculating odor concentration value through sensor signal value fitting |
| CN113677261A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2021-11-19 | 科里吉+柯扎卡电子有限责任公司 | Measuring device for measuring dense objects to be measured |
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| CN104535628A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2015-04-22 | 深圳市元征科技股份有限公司 | Method and device for acquiring gas concentration |
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Application publication date: 20120704 |