CN102535262B - Elastic vibration-reduction ballast bed system - Google Patents
Elastic vibration-reduction ballast bed system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102535262B CN102535262B CN201210077560.8A CN201210077560A CN102535262B CN 102535262 B CN102535262 B CN 102535262B CN 201210077560 A CN201210077560 A CN 201210077560A CN 102535262 B CN102535262 B CN 102535262B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an elastic vibration-reduction ballast bed system, which comprises a concrete ballast bed and a low-frequency vibration isolator installed in the concrete ballast bed. An elastic mechanism in the low-frequency vibration isolator consists of a positive stiffness elastic element made of metal rubber or the positive stiffness elastic element and a negative stiffness elastic element which are connected in parallel. The positive stiffness elastic element is a disc spring, a spiral spring, the metal rubber, a metal rubber-spring armour, a metal rubber-lead core composite spring or any series-parallel combination of the disc spring, the spiral spring, the metal rubber, the metal rubber-spring armour and the metal rubber-lead core composite spring. The negative stiffness elastic element is a disc spring or a diaphragm spring. The elastic vibration-reduction ballast bed system can meet requirements of middle-high-grade vibration reduction and has a simple structure. The site construction process is simple and convenient, and consumed materials of the ballast bed are relatively reduced. Therefore, the elastic vibration-reduction ballast bed system is low in construction cost and suitable for popularization and application in the whole line.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to railway ballast, especially relate to a kind of track structure of railway, the elastic vibration-reduction ballast bed system that specifically railway, high-speed railway, city railway, subway and elevated railway etc. are used.
Background technology
In recent years, China was progressively strengthening input and the construction of high-speed railway and urban track traffic (subway, city railway, elevated railway etc.).High-speed railway has shortened passenger's travel time, and energy-conserving and environment-protective, safe and reliable.In the metropolis of traffic congestion, urban track traffic easily and efficiently is more and more subject to people's favor, has become the first-selection of people's trip.The thing followed is, the vibration that circuit surrounding enviroment and resident living, health are exerted an influence bringing due to track traffic and noise problem are also more and more subject to domestic and international researcher's common concern.
At present, China adopts many vibration reducing measures to comprise in track traffic: track vibration-reducing fastener, elastic shoe and floating plate railway roadbed.Wherein, track vibration-reducing fastener (as " Cologne egg ", belonging to vibration damping under rail) and elastic shoe can meet (belonging to the lower vibration damping of pillow) the low-grade vibration damping requirement of 5 ~ 8dB.But the lateral stiffness of " Cologne egg " is lower, is unsuitable for curved section, and rubber ring may depart from, thereby affects traffic safety and effectiveness in vibration suppression; In elastic shoe, easily enter rainwater and booty, structural performance and life-span are had a negative impact.Meanwhile, after rubber sleeve flank wear, its lateral stiffness also can reduce, and affects effectiveness in vibration suppression.
Floating plate railway roadbed (belonging to railway roadbed vibration damping) comprises rubber floating plate railway roadbed, floating type resiliency supported ladder-type sleepers track and steel spring floating slab road bed, to be floated on rubber or steel spring vibration isolator thering is the concrete road bed of certain mass and rigidity, utilize floating plate to provide enough large inertia mass to offset the dynamic loading that train operation produces, thereby reach vibration damping object.Wherein, rubber floating plate can meet the middle-grade vibration damping requirement of 8 ~ 15dB, but rubber is easily aging, and the life-span is short; And the lateral stiffness of rubber bearing piece is lower, need additional lateral supporting, complex structure; The damping of rubber own is very little, can not absorb the vibrational energy of floating plate, easily resonates; The intrinsic frequency of rubber floating plate is 15 ~ 20Hz, unsatisfactory for soft foundation and low frequency vibration source location vibration isolating effect.Floating type resiliency supported ladder-type sleepers track is a kind of damper rail system of being developed by Japanese railway comprehensive technology research institute, the intrinsic frequency of floating type resiliency supported ladder-type sleepers track is 25 ~ 30Hz, low frequency vibration isolation poor-performing, can meet the low-grade vibration damping requirement of 5 ~ 8dB, generally be used in the place not too strict to low frequency vibration requirement.Steel spring floating slab road bed by German GERB(every and consolidate) the track traffic damping technology of company development, at present generally acknowledged function admirable, can meet the medium-to-high grade vibration damping requirement of 15 ~ 40dB, there is vibration isolating effect good; Long service life; Lateral stability is good, without additional stopping means; The advantages such as leveling, maintenance, replacing convenience.But, the steel spring floating slab road bed part that also comes with some shortcomings: (1) for reaching the vibration isolating effect of design, concrete floating plate is bulky, heavy, involve great expense, and causes engineering cost too high, can only be used for having the vibration damping location of particular/special requirement, can not promote completely; (2) many, the complex procedures of construction content, cycle are long; (3) damping ratio is definite value, can not meet the different requirements to damping ratio of resonance region and vibration isolation workspace simultaneously.
From vibration absorbing theory, traditional passive vibration isolation system can only be to being greater than system frequency
external interference frequency doubly plays vibration isolation effect.The intrinsic frequency that is vibrating isolation system is lower, and the scope of the interfering frequency that can isolate is just wider, disturbs vibration segregate just more thorough, and the noise being caused by vibration also will reduce thereupon.Because the intrinsic frequency of system belongs to the build-in attribute of system, relevant with rigidity and the mass ratio of system.Therefore, in order to expand the vibration isolation frequency band range of system, obtain higher vibration isolating effect, can adopt in theory two kinds of methods: the one, the rigidity of attenuating vibrating isolation system; The 2nd, the carrying quality of increase system.But the rigidity of system and quality are all subject to certain restriction in practice, can not reduce arbitrarily or increase.As reduce rigidity and can cause the vertical distortion of rail excessive, reduce the lateral stability of system, affect traffic safety; And quality is subject to structure and spatial limitation, can not be very large, as for " Cologne egg " and elastic shoe vibration-proof structure, mass of vibration is fixed, can not change; For steel spring floating slab road bed vibration insulating system, although the severe by simple increase concrete floating plate can improve vibration isolating effect to a certain extent, but can bring the series of problems such as physical dimension is excessive, cost increases substantially, construction period lengthening, make economy variation.
Therefore, relatively easy for low cost, working procedure, the to be suitable for all fronts popularization medium-to-high grade vibration damping requirement of 15 ~ 40dB, existing track vibration-reducing measure is all difficult to realize.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the defect of existing track traffic damping technology, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of elastic vibration-reduction ballast bed system that low cost, working procedure medium-to-high grade vibration damping relatively easy, that be suitable for promoting completely requires that meets.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: comprise concrete road bed, be installed on described low frequency vibration isolation device in concrete road bed; The positive rigidity flexible member that elastic mechanism in described low frequency vibration isolation device is made up of metal-rubber forms, or is composed in parallel by positive rigidity flexible member and negative stiffness flexible member.
When positive rigidity flexible member and negative stiffness flexible member parallel combination, positive rigidity flexible member is dish spring, helical spring, metal-rubber, metal-rubber-spring armouring, metal-rubber-lead for retractable pencil complex spring or their any connection in series-parallel combination; Negative stiffness flexible member is dish spring or diaphragm spring.
In technical scheme of the present invention, the elastic mechanism of described low frequency vibration isolation device adopts positive stiffness elements and negative stiffness element formation in parallel flexible member, wherein, as dish spring or the diaphragm spring of negative stiffness, because bearing load increases to after certain value, can present load reduce and be out of shape continue increase negative stiffness characteristic, therefore, by appropriate design just, the Load-deformation curves curve of negative stiffness flexible member, can make the rigidity of vibration isolator in working region be tending towards a less value, in ensureing that vibration isolator has very high support stiffness outside working region, in working region, there is very low motion rigidity.Like this, can make elastic vibration-reduction ballast bed system in the case of not increasing mass of vibration (thick and heavy floating plate), vehicle by time there is the intrinsic frequency of 4 ~ 8Hz, there is very strong anti-overload ability simultaneously.This is one of important difference of elastic vibration-reduction ballast bed system of the present invention and existing track vibration-reducing fastener, elastic shoe and floating plate railway roadbed.
In the time selecting dish spring as negative stiffness flexible member, the deflection corresponding due to the negative stiffness characteristic area of monolithic dish spring is very little, is generally difficult to meet design requirement.Therefore, can adopt the pattern of the involutory combination of several pieces dish springs to form negative stiffness flexible member in described low frequency vibration isolation device, the total deformation of involutory dish spring is the product of monolithic dish spring deflection and dish reed number, thereby ensures the anti-vibration performance of elastic vibration-reduction ballast bed system.
The preferred technical scheme of the present invention is: described low frequency vibration isolation device is installed in the default groove in concrete road bed both sides, on described concrete road bed outer face, be embedded with connecting bolt, the protective cover plate of described groove external port is connected with concrete road bed by pre-buried connecting bolt.
The present invention by described slot opening in track outside, and be fixed with protective cover plate with by this slot opening shutoff by connecting bolt, this enclosuring structure make this sealing envelope, to open operation very easy, therefore low frequency vibration isolation device is installed in this groove, no matter be the installation of beginning or later maintenance work, all very convenient.In addition, because concrete road bed both sides are provided with groove, therefore described groove inside wall plays cross spacing effect, thereby increases the lateral stability of driving.Meanwhile, allow to adopt the spring that rigidity is lower under less mass of vibration (abandoning thick and heavy floating plate) and certain Under Dynamic Load, thereby obtain 4 ~ 8Hz railway roadbed vibrating isolation system intrinsic frequency, can meet equally the medium-to-high grade vibration damping requirement of effectiveness in vibration suppression 15 ~ 40dB.
The preferred technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
In the present invention, the described positive rigidity flexible member combination in parallel with negative stiffness flexible member is: described positive rigidity flexible member is arranged in negative stiffness flexible member inside or is evenly arranged in negative stiffness flexible member both sides, or negative stiffness flexible member is arranged in positive rigidity flexible member inside or is evenly arranged in positive rigidity flexible member both sides.
In the present invention, elasticity pre-tightening mechanism is installed on the elastic mechanism of described low frequency vibration isolation device, described elasticity pre-tightening mechanism comprises the lower shoe that is installed on below elastic mechanism, is installed on upper plate and pretension bolt above elastic mechanism, and described pretension bolt connects described lower shoe, elastic mechanism and upper plate.
In the present invention, described low frequency vibration isolation device is installed in the default groove in concrete road bed both sides by height adjustment mechanism.
Described height adjustment mechanism is pad or threaded adjusting mechanism.
The present invention also comprises rail, rail is fixed on to spring secures rail to sleeper, the sleeper on sleeper and the articulated beam that sleeper is linked together; Described sleeper bottom surface is connected to band chute junction plate, and the entrance of described chute is towards groove lateral port; Described low frequency vibration isolation device also comprises bearing plate, and the leftover bits and pieces of described bearing plate is plugged in upper plate upper end, and described bearing plate is plugged in the chute of described junction plate.
In the present invention, be provided with the coupling arrangement that prevents described height adjustment mechanism occurred level displacement between described height adjustment mechanism and railway roadbed groove floor, described coupling arrangement is mechanical brakeman, bolt or concaveconvex structure.
In the present invention, described concrete road bed step pouring, connects with damping material, elastomeric material or Concrete Filled formation between two section concrete railway roadbeds.
In the present invention, paste or the resilient lateral Displacement pad of build-in in the contact site of described recess sidewall or described junction plate and concrete road bed recess sidewall.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 1 illustrated embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the horizontal partial cutaway schematic diagram of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the local enlarged diagram of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 be the embodiment of the present invention 2 illustrated embodiment laterally cut open local enlarged diagram;
Fig. 5 be the embodiment of the present invention 3 illustrated embodiment laterally cut open local enlarged diagram;
Fig. 6 be the embodiment of the present invention 4 illustrated embodiment laterally cut open local enlarged diagram;
Fig. 7 be the embodiment of the present invention 5 illustrated embodiment laterally cut open local enlarged diagram;
Fig. 8 be the embodiment of the present invention 6 illustrated embodiment laterally cut open local enlarged diagram;
Fig. 9 is the horizontal partial cutaway schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 7 illustrated embodiment;
Figure 10 be the embodiment of the present invention 7 illustrated embodiment laterally cut open local enlarged diagram;
Figure 11 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 8 illustrated embodiment.
In figure, 1, rail; 2, spring secures rail to sleeper; 3a, short sleeper, 3b, long articulated beam, 3c, long sleeper, 3d, short articulated beam; 4, concrete road bed; 5, lateral Displacement pad; 6, band chute junction plate; 7, low frequency vibration isolation device, 7-1 is bearing plate, 7-2 is pretension bolt, 7-3 is seal closure, and 7-4 is upper plate, and 7-5 is dish spring, 7-6a is metal-rubber-lead for retractable pencil composite elastic element, and 7-6b is metal-rubber flexible member, and 7-7 is helical steel springs, 7-8 is lower shoe, 7-9a is for not being with groove vibration isolator sleeve, and 7-9b is band groove vibration isolator sleeve, 7-10 elastomeric pad, 7-11a is damping fluid, and 7-11b is solid damping; 8, threaded adjusting mechanism, 8-1 is adjusting bolt, and 8-2 is locking nut, and 8-3 is lock washer, and 8-4 is for regulating base plate; 9, dust cover; 10a is band groove mechanical brakeman, and 10b is not for being with groove mechanical brakeman; 11, adjust pad.
Detailed description of the invention
Elastic vibration-reduction ballast bed system of the present invention comprises rail, spring secures rail to sleeper, sleeper, articulated beam, junction plate, low frequency vibration isolation device, governor motion and concrete integral channel bed, rail, spring secures rail to sleeper, sleeper, articulated beam and junction plate are flexibly supported on low frequency vibration isolation device, and low frequency vibration isolation device is positioned in the groove of concrete integral channel bed by governor motion.Described low frequency vibration isolation device comprises vibration isolator sleeve and is installed on the elastic mechanism in vibration isolator sleeve; Described elastic mechanism is made up of positive rigidity flexible member, or is composed in parallel by positive rigidity flexible member and negative stiffness flexible member; In the time of described positive rigidity flexible member and the combination of negative stiffness flexible member, positive rigidity flexible member can be arranged in negative stiffness flexible member inside or be evenly arranged in negative stiffness flexible member both sides, also can be that negative stiffness flexible member is arranged in positive rigidity flexible member inside or is evenly arranged in positive rigidity flexible member both sides, wherein, positive rigidity flexible member is dish spring, helical spring, metal-rubber, metal-rubber-spring armouring, metal-rubber-lead for retractable pencil complex spring or their any connection in series-parallel combination; Negative stiffness flexible member is dish spring or diaphragm spring.Can be according to designing requirement selection standard part or self-control.
Elasticity pre-tightening mechanism is installed on the elastic mechanism of described low frequency vibration isolation device, described elasticity pre-tightening mechanism comprises the lower shoe that is installed on below elastic mechanism, is installed on upper plate and pretension bolt above elastic mechanism, and described pretension bolt connects described lower shoe, elastic mechanism and upper plate.Pre-tightening mechanism is realized the flexible member in vibration isolator is carried out to pretension, and pretightning force is calculated according to requirements.The object that applies pretightning force be make dish spring in positive and negative Stiffness flexible member elastic performance near its negative stiffness region or make independent positive rigidity flexible member in large supporting region, while avoiding vehicle to pass through, the vertical deflection of rail is excessive, affects traffic safety.Pretension bolt comprises bolt body, metal-rubber buffering spacer and nut, wherein, and impact and the noise of metal-rubber buffering spacer for reducing to produce at vehicle operating process pre-tightening mechanism.
Damping element or damping structure need to be set in vibrating isolation system conventionally, in order to can return to very soon the state before being disturbed after consuming vibrational energy system being interfered, and suppress system resonance.In the present invention, by making the integrated certain damping of low frequency vibration isolation device itself, reach without damping element is set separately, to save space, and the object that structural configuration is simplified, thereby solved, damping element brings take up room and make structure become complicated problem is set separately.
In low frequency vibration isolation device of the present invention, the specific implementation of integrated damping has following several:
One, the positive rigidity flexible member in low frequency vibration isolation device adopts metal rubber material preparation, and can embed lead for retractable pencil.The net structure mutually linking for wire spiral wire turn because metal rubber material is inner, under Dynamic Loading, the slippage between wire turn, friction, extruding a large amount of vibrational energy that can dissipate, thus provide certain damping for vibration isolator.Meanwhile, the friction between involutory dish spring contact surface can provide certain dry-friction damping, and the lead for retractable pencil embedding in metal-rubber also can provide certain structural damping in deformation process.In addition, metal rubber material itself has change damping characteristic, and damping meeting increases with amplitude, increases and reduces with frequency.And from vibration absorbing theory, different to the requirement of damping with vibration isolation district at resonance region.At resonance region, in order effectively to suppress system resonance, require vibration isolator damping to be the bigger the better; And in vibration isolation district, on the contrary, in order to reach good vibration isolating effect, require the damping of vibration isolator the smaller the better.The change damping characteristic of metal rubber material can well meet system different requirements to damping at resonance region and vibration isolation district, and this is one of important difference of elastic vibration-reduction ballast bed system of the present invention and existing track vibration-reducing fastener, elastic shoe and floating plate railway roadbed.
Meanwhile, metal rubber material has nonlinear elasticity characteristic, adopts it as positive rigidity flexible member, is convenient to mate with the dish spring with non-linear negative stiffness characteristic, and the mechanical property of low frequency vibration isolation device is met design requirement better.
Its two, the positive rigidity flexible member in low frequency vibration isolation device adopts steel spring, and fluid damping or solid damping are set in vibration isolator housing, spring bottom is immersed in fluid damping, or in locally embedding solid damping material (as high-damping polyurethane).
Its three, the positive rigidity flexible member in low frequency vibration isolation device adopts steel spring and metal-rubber complex method, metal-rubber damping conductor can be put into steel spring or metal rubber material and steel spring armouring.
Elastic vibration-reduction ballast bed system of the present invention also comprises rail, rail is fixed on to spring secures rail to sleeper, the sleeper on sleeper and the articulated beam that sleeper is linked together; Described sleeper bottom surface is connected to band chute junction plate, and the entrance of described chute is towards groove outer face, and paste or the resilient lateral Displacement pad of build-in at the described position with side contacts in chute junction plate and concrete road bed groove; Described low frequency vibration isolation device also comprises bearing plate, and the leftover bits and pieces of described bearing plate is plugged in upper plate upper end, and described bearing plate is plugged in the chute of described junction plate.This structure design is convenient to installation and maintenance on the one hand, and on the other hand, the chute of junction plate bottom has positioning action to vibration isolator, the displacement of restriction vibration isolator.In the present invention, the end with chute junction plate with concrete road bed groove structure contact site both can pasted or be mounted in to lateral Displacement pad, also can be arranged on concrete road bed groove inner side.
Consider quiet, dynamic loading being uniformly distributed on elastic roadbed, each short sleeper is at least bolted with one or several longitudinal crossbeams.Each longitudinal long sleeper is bolted connection with several horizontal short articulated beams.
In described elastic vibration-reduction ballast bed system, concrete road bed bilateral symmetry is cast with groove structure, middle cast gutter.Low frequency vibration isolation device is positioned in railway roadbed grooves on two sides by governor motion, in order to prevent governor motion horizontal shift, between governor motion and groove floor, coupling arrangement is set, this coupling arrangement is the mechanical brakeman that friction factor is very high, also can adopt concaveconvex structure or bolt to connect.In addition, in low frequency vibration isolation device bottom, elastomeric pad is installed, to reduce the harmful effect because issuable impact brings vibration isolator between governor motion and vibration isolator in vehicle operating process.
High and vibration isolator is overhauled, changed for the ease of adjusting rail, in described elastic roadbed system, governor motion is set, governor motion adopts adjusts pad or two kinds of patterns of threaded adjusting mechanism.Both respectively have superiority: adjusting pad chip architecture is simple, and bearing capacity is large, reliable operation; Threaded adjusting mechanism is made up of adjusting bolt, adjusting base plate, locking nut and lock washer, can realize step-less adjustment.Adopt while adjusting pad as governor motion, adjust the course of work of rail and maintenance, replacing vibration isolator to be: first the correcting wedge with certain taper is wedged and needed the rail of adjusting below, low frequency vibration isolation device and adjustment pad are disengaged slightly.While adjusting rail, the gross thickness of adjusting pad by change regulates; When maintenance, replacing vibration isolator, vibration isolator is extracted out and overhauled, changes from the chute of junction plate bottom.Adjust after rail or maintenance, replacing vibration isolator, withdraw from correcting wedge.Adopt threaded adjusting mechanism to adjust the course of work of rail and maintenance, replacing low frequency vibration isolation device to be: while adjusting rail, first unclamp locking nut and pad in threaded adjusting mechanism, regulate base plate to regulate by rotation, tighten locking nut and pad after reaching requirement; When maintenance, replacing vibration isolator, first the correcting wedge with certain taper is inserted to the rail below that needs maintenance, changes vibration isolator place, then unclamp locking nut and pad in threaded adjusting mechanism, turn regulates base plate clockwise, and itself and vibration isolator are disengaged, then low frequency vibration isolation device is extracted out from the chute of junction plate bottom, after vibration isolator overhauls, changed, turn regulates base plate counterclockwise, and it is contacted with vibration isolator, then tighten locking nut, withdraw from correcting wedge.
Concrete road bed length in described elastic vibration-reduction ballast bed is generally 5 ~ 15 meters, conventionally carry out cast-in-site or prefabricated forming by concrete, also can be combined into by concrete and steel work, between adjacent railway roadbed, connect with damping material, elastomeric material or Concrete Filled formation.
For ensureing the smooth transition between elastic vibration-reduction ballast bed section and adjacent railway roadbed (as adopted the solid concrete roabed of other track vibration-reducing structures such as rail dampener fastener or elastic shoe), low frequency vibration isolation device in the low frequency vibration isolation device concrete road bed groove adjacent with other railway roadbed, its rigidity is identical, but arranging density increases gradually or reduces to end direction; Or arranging density is identical, but its rigidity increases gradually or reduces to end direction.The mean rigidity of this elastic vibration-reduction ballast bed adjacent with other railway roadbed in unit length should be transitioned into the rigidity close with adjacent railway roadbed at least in the vertical direction gradually, can be achieved by the low frequency vibration isolation device that equal rigidity, different arranging density or different-stiffness, equal arranging density are installed.
Compared with existing track vibration-reducing technology, elastic vibration-reduction ballast bed system of the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) ballast bed structure uniqueness, concrete road bed lateral symmetry is cast with groove structure, both ensured the lateral stability of driving, also allow to adopt the spring that rigidity is lower under less mass of vibration (abandoning thick and heavy floating plate) and certain Under Dynamic Load, thereby obtain 4 ~ 8Hz railway roadbed vibrating isolation system intrinsic frequency, can meet equally the medium-to-high grade vibration damping requirement of effectiveness in vibration suppression 15 ~ 40dB;
(2) compared with floating plate railway roadbed, abandon heavy floating plate structure, greatly reduce construction costs, can promote the use of completely, and construction content is few, operation is simple, construction period shortens greatly;
(3) compared with floating type resiliency supported ladder-type sleepers track, in significantly not increasing construction costs, there is higher damping efficiency;
(4) in low frequency vibration isolation device, can adopt metal-rubber as positive rigidity flexible member, make vibration isolator there is change damping characteristic, can not only absorb elastic roadbed top train by time the Wheel Rail Contact vibrational energy that transmits, improve the antivibration safety of traffic safety and railway roadbed, and can meet the different requirements to damping of resonance region and vibration isolation district simultaneously;
(5) low frequency vibration isolation device has lowered the support stiffness of rail, and the wheel track dynamic force that wheel track tread irregularity is caused obtains buffering to a certain extent, has reduced vibration and the noise of track structure from excitation aspect;
(6) elastic vibration-reduction ballast bed system lateral stability is good, and railway roadbed groove structure is spacing simple, can realize standardization, the seriation of product;
(7) do not need to dismantle rail, without special jacking tool, can adjust from concrete road bed side maintenance and the replacing of rail and vibration isolator, simple to operation.
Embodiment 1:
Shown in Fig. 2, concrete road bed 4 are formed by cast-in-site, and lateral symmetry is cast with groove 41, middle cast gutter 42.On concrete road bed 4 transverse concave groove side end faces, be embedded with connecting bolt, protective cover plate 9 is connected with concrete road bed 4 by pre-buried connecting bolt, forms an enclosure space, prevents that the impurity such as dust, rainwater from entering groove.
Shown in Fig. 3, the low frequency vibration isolation device 7 flexible pad 7-10 in bottom, vibration isolator sleeve 7-9a connects by concaveconvex structure and elastomeric pad 7-10; In vibration isolator sleeve 7-9a, place positive and negative Stiffness flexible member, positive and negative Stiffness flexible member is composed in parallel by dish spring 7-5 and metal-rubber-lead for retractable pencil composite elastic element 7-6a, dish spring 7-5 is enclosed within metal-rubber-lead for retractable pencil composite elastic element 7-6a outside, and carries out pretension by pretension bolt 7-2, upper plate 7-4, lower shoe 7-8.When vehicle passes through, dish spring 7-5 outside provides lateral stiffness with the interior side contacts of vibration isolator sleeve 7-9a; Between vibration isolator upper plate 7-4 and vibration isolator sleeve 7-9a, flexibly connect by seal closure 7-3, seal closure 7-3 plays dust seal effect to vibration isolator 7 inner assemblies; Bearing plate 7-1 connects by concaveconvex structure with upper plate 7-4, and wheel track dynamic force is passed to low frequency vibration isolation device 7.
Shown in Fig. 1, the spring fastening of rail 1 use spring secures rail to sleeper 2, short sleeper 3a two ends are shaped with through hole, on band chute junction plate 6, be shaped with blind hole, spring secures rail to sleeper 2, short sleeper 3a, band chute junction plate 6 are linked together with screw, the bearing plate 7-1 of low frequency vibration isolation device 7 is inserted in the chute with chute junction plate 6, thereby rail 1, spring secures rail to sleeper 2, (short) sleeper 3a, band chute junction plate 6 and low frequency vibration isolation device 7 are linked up.
Shown in Fig. 3, low frequency vibration isolation device 7 is placed on the mechanical brakeman 10a of concrete road bed 4 groove floor by threaded adjusting mechanism 8.Mechanical brakeman 10a is with fluted, and threaded adjusting mechanism 8 connects with mechanical brakeman 10a by concaveconvex structure.Threaded adjusting mechanism 8 is made up of adjusting bolt 8-1, locking nut 8-2, lock washer 8-3, adjusting base plate 8-4, low frequency vibration isolation device 7 is placed on and regulates on base plate 8-4, regulate base plate 8-4 to carry out locking positioning by locking nut 8-2 and lock washer 8-3, loosen locking nut 8-2 and lock washer 8-3, regulate base plate 8-4 can realize height electrodeless by rotation and regulate.
When replacing, maintenance low frequency vibration isolation device 7, first the correcting wedge with certain taper is inserted to rail 1 below that needs low frequency vibration isolation device 7 places that change, overhaul, then unclamp locking nut 8-2 and lock washer 8-3 in threaded adjusting mechanism 8, turn clockwise and regulate base plate 8-4, in the time that the elastomeric pad 7-10 of itself and low frequency vibration isolation device 7 disengages, low frequency vibration isolation device 7 is extracted out and changed, overhauls from band chute junction plate 6.Change, overhaul after vibration isolator, be rotated counterclockwise and regulate base plate 8-4, it is contacted with elastomeric pad 7-10, then tighten locking nut 8-2, withdraw from correcting wedge; Adjust rail when high, first unclamp locking nut 8-2 and lock washer 8-3 in threaded adjusting mechanism 8, regulate base plate 8-4 to regulate by rotation, tighten locking nut 8-2 after reaching requirement.
When actual use, the quiet dynamic loading that rail 1 bears is delivered to low frequency vibration isolation device 7 by spring secures rail to sleeper 2, short sleeper 3a, long articulated beam 3b, band chute junction plate 6, bearing plate 7-1, form a vibrating isolation system that intrinsic frequency is lower by mass of vibration (car body, rail 1, spring secures rail to sleeper 2, short sleeper 3a, long articulated beam 3b, band chute junction plate 6) with low frequency vibration isolation device 7, the medium-high frequency vibration acting on rail 1 is isolated.
Because elasticity and the supporting capacity of the positive and negative Stiffness flexible member all directions in low frequency vibration isolation device 7 can design arbitrarily as required, so both can design the elastic vibration-reduction ballast bed instead of rubber floating plate railway roadbed that meets middle-grade vibration damping requirement, also can design the alternative high steel spring floating slab road bed of cost of low cost elastic vibration-reduction ballast bed that meets the requirement of high gear vibration damping.
Elastic vibration-reduction ballast bed General Requirements lateral stiffness is higher than its vertical stiffness, to ensure the lateral stability of railway roadbed, because positive and negative Stiffness flexible member can provide very low vertical stiffness in vibration isolator operation interval, side contacts in negative stiffness flexible member dish spring 7-5 and vibration isolator sleeve 7-9a when vehicle passes through simultaneously, can provide again very large lateral stiffness with chute junction plate 6 by the spacing pad 5 of the fixing elastic side of its side end and the groove structure juxtaposition metamorphose of concrete integral channel bed 4.Therefore, elastic vibration-reduction ballast bed not only can meet medium-to-high grade vibration damping requirement, and has good lateral stability, simple in structure.
Elastic vibration-reduction ballast bed has been abandoned floating plate structure heavy in floating plate railway roadbed, only need carry out concrete road bed cast-in-site and prefabricated sleeper is connected with articulated beam when construction.Compared with floating plate railway roadbed, not only working procedure is simplified, and construction period significantly shortens, and greatly reduces construction costs, and promote the use of suitable all fronts.In addition, just can adjust maintenance and the replacing of rail and vibration isolator from concrete road bed side, very convenient.
Embodiment 2:
As shown in Figure 4, the present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, difference is: in low frequency vibration isolation device 7, positive rigidity flexible member is composed in parallel by helical steel springs 7-7 and metal-rubber flexible member 7-6b, helical steel springs 7-7 is enclosed within metal-rubber flexible member 7-6b outside, and both are jointly for low frequency vibration isolation device provides positive rigidity.Metal-rubber flexible member 7-6b can also provide certain damping for low frequency vibration isolation device, makes low frequency vibration isolation utensil have change damping characteristic, meets vibration isolator different requirements to damping at resonance region and vibration isolation district simultaneously.In addition, also helical steel springs and metal-rubber flexible member can be carried out to armouring, form an independently positive rigidity flexible member.
Positive rigidity flexible member in the present embodiment is also applicable to other embodiment.
Embodiment 3:
As shown in Figure 5, the present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and difference is: in low frequency vibration isolation device 7, adopt independent positive rigidity flexible member, positive rigidity flexible member is helical steel springs 7-7.Lower shoe 7-8 connects by concaveconvex structure with band groove vibration isolator sleeve 7-9b, in band groove vibration isolator sleeve 7-9b, is marked with damping fluid 7-11a.
Embodiment 4:
As shown in Figure 6, the present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and difference is: in low frequency vibration isolation device 7, adopt independent positive rigidity flexible member, positive rigidity flexible member is helical steel springs 7-7, and helical steel springs 7-7 embeds in solid damping 7-11b.Lower shoe 7-8 connects by concaveconvex structure with band groove vibration isolator sleeve 7-9b.
Embodiment 5:
As shown in Figure 7, the present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and difference is: in low frequency vibration isolation device 7, adopt independent positive rigidity flexible member, positive rigidity flexible member is metal-rubber-lead for retractable pencil composite elastic element 7-6a.Lower shoe 7-8 connects by concaveconvex structure with band groove vibration isolator sleeve 7-9b.
Embodiment 6:
As shown in Figure 8, the present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and difference is: in low frequency vibration isolation device 7, adopt independent positive rigidity flexible member, positive rigidity flexible member is composed in parallel by metal-rubber flexible member 7-6b and helical spring 7-7.Lower shoe 7-8 connects by concaveconvex structure with band groove vibration isolator sleeve 7-9b.
Embodiment 7:
As shown in Figure 9, Figure 10, the present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and difference is: governor motion is for adjusting pad 11, and governor motion bottom is placed and is not with groove mechanical brakeman 10b.Adjust pad 11 simple in structure, bearing capacity is large, reliable operation.By connecting adjusting pad 11 at railway roadbed groove floor pre-embedded bolt, prevent that in vehicle operating process, adjusting occurred level between pad 11 is shifted.During for the ease of tune rail, increase and decrease adjusting pad 11, adjust on pad 11 and be processed with U-lag.
When replacing, maintenance low frequency vibration isolation device 7, first the correcting wedge wedging with certain taper is needed to rail 1 below at low frequency vibration isolation device 7 places that change, overhaul, low frequency vibration isolation device 7 and adjustment pad 11 are disengaged slightly, then low frequency vibration isolation device 7 is extracted out and changed, overhauls from the chute with chute junction plate 6 bottoms, finally withdraw from correcting wedge; When adjustment rail is high, first the correcting wedge wedging with certain taper is needed to rail 1 below at low frequency vibration isolation device 7 places that regulate, low frequency vibration isolation device 7 and adjustment pad 11 are disengaged slightly, then unclamp the nut of adjusting connecting bolt on pad 11, the gross thickness of adjusting pad 11 by change regulates, reach after requirement, by nut screwing clamping, finally withdraw from correcting wedge.
In the present embodiment, governor motion is also applicable to other embodiment.
Embodiment 8:
As shown in figure 11, the present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and difference is: adopt longitudinally long sleeper 3c, and with several horizontal short articulated beam 3d connections.Longitudinal long sleeper 3c in the present embodiment and horizontal short articulated beam 3d are equally applicable to other embodiment.
Claims (10)
1. an elastic vibration-reduction ballast bed system, is characterized in that: comprise concrete road bed, be installed on described low frequency vibration isolation device in concrete road bed; The positive rigidity flexible member that elastic mechanism in described low frequency vibration isolation device is made up of metal-rubber forms, or is composed in parallel by positive rigidity flexible member and negative stiffness flexible member.
2. elastic vibration-reduction ballast bed system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described low frequency vibration isolation device is installed in the default groove in concrete road bed both sides, on described concrete road bed outer face, be embedded with connecting bolt, the protective cover plate of described groove external port is connected with concrete road bed by pre-buried connecting bolt.
3. elastic vibration-reduction ballast bed system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described positive rigidity flexible member combination in parallel with negative stiffness flexible member is: described positive rigidity flexible member is arranged in negative stiffness flexible member inside or is evenly arranged in negative stiffness flexible member both sides, or negative stiffness flexible member is arranged in positive rigidity flexible member inside or is evenly arranged in positive rigidity flexible member both sides.
4. elastic vibration-reduction ballast bed system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: elasticity pre-tightening mechanism is installed on the elastic mechanism of described low frequency vibration isolation device, described elasticity pre-tightening mechanism comprises the lower shoe that is installed on below elastic mechanism, is installed on upper plate and pretension bolt above elastic mechanism, and described pretension bolt connects described lower shoe, elastic mechanism and upper plate.
5. elastic vibration-reduction ballast bed system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described low frequency vibration isolation device is installed in the default groove in concrete road bed both sides by height adjustment mechanism.
6. elastic vibration-reduction ballast bed system according to claim 5, is characterized in that described height adjusting structure is pad or threaded adjusting mechanism.
7. elastic vibration-reduction ballast bed system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: comprise rail, rail is fixed on to spring secures rail to sleeper, the sleeper on sleeper and the articulated beam that sleeper is linked together; Described sleeper bottom surface is connected with band chute junction plate, and the entrance of described chute is towards groove lateral port; Described low frequency vibration isolation device also comprises bearing plate, and the leftover bits and pieces of described bearing plate is plugged in upper plate upper end, and described bearing plate is plugged in the chute of described junction plate.
8. elastic vibration-reduction ballast bed system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: between described height adjustment mechanism and railway roadbed groove floor, be provided with the coupling arrangement that prevents described height adjustment mechanism occurred level displacement, described coupling arrangement is mechanical brakeman, bolt or concaveconvex structure.
9. according to the elastic vibration-reduction ballast bed system described in claim 1 or 3, it is characterized in that: when described positive rigidity flexible member and negative stiffness flexible member parallel combination, positive rigidity flexible member is dish spring, helical spring, metal-rubber, metal-rubber-spring armouring, metal-rubber-lead for retractable pencil complex spring or their any connection in series-parallel combination; Negative stiffness flexible member is dish spring or diaphragm spring.
10. elastic vibration-reduction ballast bed system according to claim 7, is characterized in that: the contact site in described recess sidewall or described junction plate and concrete road bed recess sidewall is pasted or the resilient lateral Displacement pad of build-in.
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| CN201210077560.8A CN102535262B (en) | 2012-03-22 | 2012-03-22 | Elastic vibration-reduction ballast bed system |
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| CN201210077560.8A CN102535262B (en) | 2012-03-22 | 2012-03-22 | Elastic vibration-reduction ballast bed system |
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| CN102535262B true CN102535262B (en) | 2014-07-09 |
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| CN103526650B (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2015-05-27 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Passive type power vibration reduction floating slab track structure |
| CN103711990B (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2016-01-13 | 上海交通大学 | For the metal-rubber-disc spring full-metallic three-dimensional compound support of vibration isolation of pipeline anti-impact |
| CN105755913B (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2017-12-08 | 成都明日星辰科技有限公司 | A kind of track damper |
| CN105755910B (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2017-12-08 | 成都明日星辰科技有限公司 | A kind of band oleo-gear railroad track |
| CN105755912B (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2017-12-08 | 成都明日星辰科技有限公司 | A kind of band damper railroad track |
| CN105484111B (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2018-03-16 | 北京捷适中坤铁道技术有限公司 | Longitudinal sleeper damper rail and its damping assembly |
| CN108396599A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-08-14 | 江苏振华轨道交通设备有限公司 | A kind of floating plate railway roadbed damper arrangement apparatus and method |
| CN112111999B (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2022-09-06 | 周义 | Railway integral ballast bed with good shock absorption |
| CN113106788B (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-12-21 | 厦门大学 | Floating track bed vibration reduction method and device based on multilayer composite damping |
| CN113026444A (en) * | 2021-03-17 | 2021-06-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | High-cold-region high-speed railway bridge transition section vibration reduction and deformation self-regulation composite track structure |
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