CN102505700A - Willow rod anchoring side slope protection method for loess area - Google Patents
Willow rod anchoring side slope protection method for loess area Download PDFInfo
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- CN102505700A CN102505700A CN2011103755122A CN201110375512A CN102505700A CN 102505700 A CN102505700 A CN 102505700A CN 2011103755122 A CN2011103755122 A CN 2011103755122A CN 201110375512 A CN201110375512 A CN 201110375512A CN 102505700 A CN102505700 A CN 102505700A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a willow rod anchoring side slope protection method for a loess area. The method comprises the following steps: planting a plurality of first survival willow trunks into a side slope with a loess layer, wherein the interval between each two adjacent first willow trunks in each row is the same as that between each two adjacent first willow trunks in each line, the row interval or the line interval is 2 to 2.5 m, the length of each first willow trunk is 1.2 to 3 m, and the length of the part of the first willow trunk exposed out of the surface of the loess layer is 0.2 to 0.3 m; planting a second willow trunk between each two adjacent first willow trunks in each row or each line, wherein the length of each second willow trunk is 0.5 to 1.2 m, and the part of the second willow trunk, which is exposed out of the surface of the loess layer, is 0.2 to 0.3 m in length; and binding adjacent willow trunks in each row or each line through reinforcing willow trunks transversely, so as to connect the willow trunks with each other.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the water and soil conservation field, relate in particular to a kind of willow bar anchoring bank protecting method that is used for the loess area.
Background technology
Open a mine, build the road, infrastructure project such as water conservancy can produce a large amount of exposed side slopes, not only can cause soil erosion, destroys original surface vegetation, can also cause geological disasters such as landslide, mud-rock flow.
The landslide is exactly the result of the gravity of sedimentary deposit greater than the frictional force of it and subterrane.Gravity is the landslide most important reason, generally can landing at smooth flat-bottomed land soil layer.In the area, slope, gravity can not play a role separately in the generating process of landslide, has only when another kind of destructive factor---rainwater, just can cause soil layer to weaken avalanche because of frictional force.Rainwater possibly be to cause coming down topmost triggering factors, and rainwater can cause basement rock and upper layer sediment frictional force to reduce, under action of gravity, the soil bits just can be from the hillside slide down.
In Loess Plateau, the surface subsidence that coal mining causes is compared with the former mining area of non-loess formation area of coverage peace, and subsidence factor brings out the landslide greatly, more easily.
In traditional civil engineering bank protecting method; Many engineerings adopt protection modes such as mortar rubble masonry pavement and shotcrete in a large number; Mortar flag stone and spray mortar or the concrete complete closed environment of vegetation growth; Make side slope original natural vegetation can not recover forever, permanent destruction original ecological environment.
And; As time goes on; Engineering protections such as the facing wall surface in loess slope district, concrete wall surface surfaces can weathering gradually under the influence of factors such as rainwater, sunshine, along with concrete is progressively aging, the corrosion of steel bar aggravation, preventive works intensity reduces gradually, protection effect worse and worse.In addition, when domatic when all not sealed, the raindrop of whereabouts are given the soil body momentum transfer hitting when domatic, and the disruptive force of generation splashes soil body particle separation.Spatter in the process dripping, the raindrop momentum is big more, and the bump disruptive force is big more, and the grogs quantity that is spilt is also many more.Surface flow will be dripped the grogs that spatters separation to be taken away, and produces the erosion caused by sloping surfaces.This erosion caused by sloping surfaces works the mischief to the side slope that adopts conventional method to reinforce, as make that domatic Vierendeel girder is built on stilts, collapse, fracture etc., cause ruggedized construction to lose efficacy, cause the side slope unstability.
Summary of the invention
To the defective of prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly can effectively prevent the landslide, and the bank protecting method with ecological environment of can conserving water and soil.
A kind of willow bar anchoring bank protecting method that is used for the loess area provided by the invention; Said method comprises: the many first willow bars that become to live are implanted the loess formation side slope; The line space of many first willow bars equates with column pitch; Said line space or column pitch are 2 meters-2.5 meters, and the length of every first willow bar is 1.2 meters-3 meters, and it is 0.2 meter-0.3 meter that every first willow bar exposes the surperficial length of loess formation; Between two adjacent first willow bars of every row and every row, implant one second willow bar, the length of every second willow bar is 0.5 meter-1.2 meters, and the willow pole length that exposes on the loess surface is 0.2 meter-0.3 meter; Many adjacent willow bars in each row or each row are interconnected.More preferably, with realizing interconnecting with reinforcing the horizontal binding of willow bar between many adjacent in each row or each row willow bars.
Preferably, said method also comprises: the position of four first willow bars of adjacent lines and adjacent columns is foursquare four summits, plants a strain aiphyllium in this foursquare center.More preferably, said aiphyllium is one or more in Chinese pine, pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, arbor-vitae, the juniper.
Preferably, said method also comprises: on the loess formation side slope, plant herbaceous plant.More preferably, said herbaceous plant is one or more in sand sagebrush (Artemisia filifolia), clover, the wheat.
Preferably, said method also comprises: plantation shrub or dungarunga plant on the loess formation side slope.More preferably, said shrub or dungarunga plant are one or more in sea-buckthorn, salix monogolica, shiny-leaved yellowhorn, the wild cherry.
With respect to prior art, be used as the domatic willow bar that fixedly blocks support among the present invention and adopt the wicker of living, so the sprouting power of willow bar is strong, takes root easily again, can effectively stop mass erosion.The willow bar is set in the soil body, and through them and the interphase interaction of loess body, the willow bar can produce the effect of sharing load, transmission and diffusion-induced stress, constraint loess body deformability.Vertically squeeze into the sliding mass firm sliding mass of willow bar different in size, stop the slump of sliding mass generation stratiform.Laterally the willow stake of binding has improved domatic anti-shearing force greatly mutually, can effectively stop domatic local landing, thereby can improve the bulk strength of the soil body effectively, remedies the deficiency of loess body tension, shear strength.Through the willow bar is stabilized in the Deep Loess body, can be shallow-layer is weak, loosening, unsettled loess body is anchored in the stable soil layer of deep layer, to prevent the absciss layer landing of detrimental soil body.
Further, herbaceous plant such as plantation sand sagebrush (Artemisia filifolia) etc. can effectively be alleviated wind erosion and water erosion, and herbaceous plant has dense fibrous root, can soil tightly be wrapped, thereby can improve the shear strength of the erosion resistibility and the soil of soil greatly.And herbaceous plant has the advantages that compliance is strong, growth is rapid, the ground coverage is high.
Further, the relative herbaceous plant root system of the root system of shrub or dungarunga will be firmly got many, and the scope of its soil and slope protection effect is relatively large, can improve the shear strength of intermediate layer soil.
Further, the arbors such as Chinese pine that the deep-rootedness of planting is strong, vertical root system and horizontal root system are all flourishing; Root system is in depth down deep, can effectively bring into play the anchorage effect of root system, and the unstable soil layer of shallow-layer is anchored to than on the stable soil layer in depths; Simultaneously, the root system of arbor metabolism ability is strong, can absorb the moisture of depth of soils effectively; Reduce the free water content in the soil, help increasing the stability of side slope.
After vegetation grew up to, the deep-rooted root system that distributes in the hydrologic effect of vegetation cauline leaf and the topsoil can effectively suppress erosion and the souring of rainwater to side slope; The transpiration of plant and the water sorption of root system also can reduce the water content of soil significantly, thereby the pore water pressure and the soil body that reduce the soil body effectively improve the stability of side slope from gravity; The deep-rooted root system of plant that distributes in the soil layer has increased the shear strength of the soil body greatly just as three-dimensional reinforcement material; Go deep into the depths than the vertical root system in the steady soil, can anchor to rhizosphere shallow-layer soil layer on the more stable soil layer in depths, stoped the slip of the shallow top layer of the side slope soil body effectively.The Loess Plateau Region side slope is carried out stability and the erosion resistibility that vegetative protection can increase substantially side slope, play good protection effect.
Therefore, adopt the anchor structure of " grass-filling-Qiao-Liu bar ", more help giving full play to bank protection advantage separately, thereby reach the purpose that improves vegetation soil and slope protection ability to greatest extent.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart that adopts the willow bar anchoring bank protecting method of a kind of specific embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the partial top view that the present invention adopts the willow bar array of willow bar anchoring bank protecting method plantation of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the partial sectional view that the present invention adopts the willow bar array of willow bar anchoring bank protecting method plantation of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
In the present invention, " anchoring " is meant: in the loess formation of side slope, vertically squeeze into the willow bar, and with the laterally binding mutually of said willow bar.Thereby improve domatic anti-shearing force, firm sliding mass greatly, stop the slump of sliding mass generation stratiform.
Shown in Fig. 1-3, a kind of willow bar anchoring bank protecting method that is used for the loess area of the present invention comprises:
At first, in step 101, the many first willow bars 11 that become to live are implanted the loess formation side slope.The said first willow bar 11 is dark stake, and the length of every first willow bar 11 is 1.2 meters-3 meters, and after implantation, needing to guarantee to expose the surperficial length of loess formation is 0.2 meter-0.3 meter, and remainder is all underground.This root system that has guaranteed the willow bar can penetrate the loess formation deep.The diameter of every first willow bar can be 5～10cm, is into willow seedling alive, and after guaranteeing implanting loess formation, root system can normal growth.
The line space of many first willow bars equates that with column pitch promptly, many first willow bars are arranged according to the mode of quadrate array on domatic, per four mutual adjacent willow bars are positioned on foursquare four summits.With delegation or samely list two first line space or the column pitch between the willow bar 11 and can regard the said foursquare length of side as, said line space or column pitch are 2 meters-2.5 meters.
Then, in step 102, between two adjacent first willow bars 11 of every row or every row, implant one second willow bar 12.The second willow bar 12 is shallow stake, and the length of every second willow bar 12 is 0.5 meter-1.2 meters, and the willow pole length that exposes on the loess surface is 0.2 meter-0.3 meter.The diameter of the second willow bar 12 also can be 5～10cm.
Step 103 after implanting the first willow bar and the second willow bar, interconnects many adjacent willow bars in each row or each row.Preferably, with interconnecting through horizontal binding willow bar between many adjacent in each row or each row willow bars.Particularly, can adopt iron wire that one or more is reinforced willow bar 13 is bundled between the domatic willow bar of adjacent implantation.The diameter of reinforcing willow bar 13 can be 3cm-5cm.For example; At the adjacent willow bar of two strains---one of horizontally set is reinforced the willow bar between a strain first willow bar and a strain second willow bar; This reinforcing willow shank diameter is 4cm, and is bundled in the first willow bar respectively and the second willow bar exposes on the bar stem on loess surface with the two ends that No. 6 iron wires will be reinforced the willow bar.Reinforce willow bar 13 and can adopt and the first willow bar 11, willow that the second willow bar 12 is identical, so that gather materials on the spot, convenient construction; It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the attachment that also can adopt other materials is connected the first adjacent willow bar 11 with the second willow bar 12, for example pine bar etc.Fig. 2 shows the partial top view that adopts the interconnective willow bar array of willow bar anchoring bank protecting method of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 2, the position of four first willow bars of adjacent lines and adjacent columns is foursquare four summits.Preferably, in step 104, plant a strain aiphyllium 14 in this foursquare geometric center position.More preferably, said aiphyllium is one or more in Chinese pine, pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, arbor-vitae, the juniper, and above seeds are dark root seeds, and well developed root system utilizes the reinforcement principle of root system of plant, can improve the resistance of soil of side slope greatly.So-called reinforcement principle is exactly in soil, to have the reinforcement material of certain tensile strength and a species complex that bankets and alternately form by certain orientation and spacing setting, and the reinforcement principle of root system of plant is exactly that root system with plant is as reinforcement material.The soil booster action of the root system of aiphyllium can have influence on underground soil layer more than 3 meters even 3 meters.
Herbaceous plant such as dogstail, pulse family also has tangible soil booster action in underground 0.75～1m depths; Therefore; After the plantation of accomplishing the willow bar and reinforcing, preferably, willow bar anchoring bank protecting method of the present invention also comprises step 105: on the loess formation side slope, plant herbaceous plant.More preferably, said herbaceous plant is one or more in sand sagebrush (Artemisia filifolia), clover, the wheat.
Shrub or dungarunga plant have booster action for underground 1 meter-3 meters loess layer soils.Therefore, preferably, willow bar anchoring bank protecting method of the present invention also comprises step 106: plantation shrub or dungarunga plant on the loess formation side slope.More preferably, said shrub or dungarunga plant are one or more in sea-buckthorn, salix monogolica, shiny-leaved yellowhorn, the wild cherry.Plants such as said shrub or dungarunga plant and willow bar, aiphyllium keep suitable plantation interval.
As shown in Figure 3, in an embodiment of willow bar anchoring bank protecting method of the present invention, can operate as follows:
1, according to loess formation depth thickness, the employing diameter is that 8cm, length are that the willow bar alive of 1.2m is dark stake, and in the piling of the summit of 2m * 2m grid, underground length is 1 meter, and length is 0.2 meter on the ground; In every limit midpoint of each grid, adopting length is shallow stake for the willow bar alive of 0.8m, and underground length is 0.6 meter, and length is 0.2 meter on the ground.Dark stake and shallow dowel pin are gone into loess formation, and about 20cm that all bassets.Then, adopt diameter be 4cm the horizontal anchoring of willow bar each vertically squeeze into the willow bar of loess formation, and fix each horizontal anchor point with No. 6 iron wires;
2, after willow bar grid was fixed, herbaceous plant such as plantation sand sagebrush (Artemisia filifolia), clover, wheat were to strengthen surperficial soil layer;
3, plants such as plantation sea-buckthorn, salix monogolica, shiny-leaved yellowhorn, wild cherry are to strengthen the middle level soil layer;
4, evergreen dark root seeds such as plantation Chinese pine, pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, arbor-vitae, juniper are to strengthen the unsettled soil layer of deep layer.
The foregoing description only supplies to explain the present invention's usefulness; And be not to be limitation of the present invention, the those of ordinary skill in relevant technologies field, without departing from the present invention; Can also make various variations and modification, so all technical schemes that are equal to also should belong to category of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. willow bar anchoring bank protecting method that is used for the loess area is characterized in that said method comprises:
A. the many first willow bars that become to live are implanted the loess formation side slope; The line space of many first willow bars equates with column pitch; Said line space or column pitch are 2 meters-2.5 meters, and the length of every first willow bar is 1.2 meters-3 meters, and it is 0.2 meter-0.3 meter that every first willow bar exposes the surperficial length of loess formation;
B. between two adjacent first willow bars of every row and every row, implant one second willow bar, the length of every second willow bar is 0.5 meter-1.2 meters, and the willow pole length that exposes on the loess surface is 0.2 meter-0.3 meter;
C. many adjacent willow bars in each row or each row are interconnected.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said method also comprises: the position of four first willow bars of adjacent lines and adjacent columns is foursquare four summits, plants a strain aiphyllium in this foursquare center.
3. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, with realizing interconnecting with reinforcing the horizontal binding of willow bar between many adjacent in each row or each row willow bars.
4. method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, said aiphyllium is one or more in Chinese pine, pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, arbor-vitae, the juniper.
5. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said method also comprises: on the loess formation side slope, plant herbaceous plant.
6. method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, said herbaceous plant is one or more in sand sagebrush (Artemisia filifolia), clover, the wheat.
7. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said method also comprises: plantation shrub or dungarunga plant on the loess formation side slope.
8. method according to claim 7 is characterized in that, said shrub or dungarunga plant are one or more in sea-buckthorn, salix monogolica, shiny-leaved yellowhorn, the wild cherry.
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| CN201110375512.2A CN102505700B (en) | 2011-11-23 | 2011-11-23 | Willow rod anchoring side slope protection method for loess area |
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| CN201110375512.2A CN102505700B (en) | 2011-11-23 | 2011-11-23 | Willow rod anchoring side slope protection method for loess area |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103548516A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-02-05 | 安吉绿源生态科技有限公司 | Fast afforestation structure of rock slope |
| CN104652358A (en) * | 2015-01-04 | 2015-05-27 | 杭州木易景观工程有限公司 | Ecological slope protection system |
| CN107905240A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-04-13 | 招商局重庆交通科研设计院有限公司 | A kind of vegetation anchor pole consolidates slope method |
| CN107950345A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-04-24 | 白钰 | Terraced fields establishment of economic forest method in alluvial plain under the conditions of a kind of loess hilly landform area abrupt slope |
| CN108086335A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-05-29 | 中南林业科技大学 | Ecological slope protection structure and its construction method |
| CN110396987A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2019-11-01 | 王小明 | A kind of willow row's bank protection structure administered for erosion groove |
| CN114402820A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-04-29 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Vegetation recovery method for loess area dump slope |
| CN115045306A (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2022-09-13 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Slope surface soil protection design method for inter-distribution of straight and fibrous root system vegetation |
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| CN110396987A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2019-11-01 | 王小明 | A kind of willow row's bank protection structure administered for erosion groove |
| CN114402820A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-04-29 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Vegetation recovery method for loess area dump slope |
| CN115045306A (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2022-09-13 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Slope surface soil protection design method for inter-distribution of straight and fibrous root system vegetation |
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