CN102503642B - Preparation method of organic and inorganic compound fertilizer special for tobaccos - Google Patents
Preparation method of organic and inorganic compound fertilizer special for tobaccos Download PDFInfo
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- CN102503642B CN102503642B CN201110335761.9A CN201110335761A CN102503642B CN 102503642 B CN102503642 B CN 102503642B CN 201110335761 A CN201110335761 A CN 201110335761A CN 102503642 B CN102503642 B CN 102503642B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention discloses an organic and inorganic compound fertilizer. By weight percentage content, the organic and inorganic compound fertilizer is prepared by rotten straws, rotten tobaccos, cake fertilizers, amino acid, potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium bicarbonate, urea, phosphatic fertilizers, ammonium molybdate, sodium borate or boracic acid, zinc sulfate and magnesium sulfate. The prepared organic and inorganic compound fertilizer contains components of organic matters, humus, amino acid, phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5), potassium oxide, nicotine, soluble total sugar and the like, and therefore the organic and inorganic compound fertilizer is led to have the advantages of promoting tobacco seedlings to survive, improving soil physical and chemical characteristics, improving nutrient balanced absorption ability, improving fertilizer use ratio, promoting tobacco plant root systems to grow, improving disease resistance and drought resistance of tobacco plants, improving tobacco leaf quality and the like. The raw materials of the organic and inorganic compound fertilizer adopt a large number of waste straws and tobacco waste materials, so that the waste straws and the tobacco waste materials are reused, and waste is changed to wealth. Therefore, the organic and inorganic compound fertilizer has remarkable economic benefit and social benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plant compound manure, particularly relate to a kind of tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure.
Background technology
The wide popularization and application of tobacco industry technique of balanced fertilizer, has greatly promoted the raising of yield of tobacco, quality.Yet current technique of balanced fertilizer is only focused on from using the angle balance tobacco plant nutrition of chemical fertilizer mostly, has but ignored long-term application chemical fertilizer, the detrimentally affect that Shaoshi or not organic fertilizer cause tobacco-growing soil environment.Add continuous cropping, do and do not focus on vega soil improvement excessively, cause tobacco leaf season of growth soil permeability variation, humus content declines, soil compaction consolidation, it is bad that tobacco-growing soil environment becomes, and cigarette strain root system development is bad, Supply and demand of nutrient is uneven, make before tobacco leaf, mid-term growth is slow, that stage is remaining green when it is due to become yellow and ripe is late-maturing, disease serious, yield poorly, poor quality, the Yield and quality of tobacco leaf is difficult to improve.The amendements such as traditional green manuring, straw-returning, cake fertilizer, leisure crop rotation, time-consuming and economic benefit is poor.
Organic fertilizer has the incomparable effect of chemical fertilizer at culture fertility with improving on crop quality.Development Organic farming and pollution-less agriculture are all extremely emphasized the application of fertilizer, in the domestic fertilizer standard formulating green food, stipulate green food only accurate application of organic fertilizers material and microbial fertilizer.Yet, traditional organic fertilizer because volume is large, nutrient density is low, the dirty shortcoming such as smelly, the status in fertilizer declines gradually.Meanwhile, the problem of organic waste resource waste and pollution environment is but more and more outstanding, and crop straw burning, the dirt of mass-producing livestock and poultry farm excrement are entered in a large number people's water body etc. and caused severe environmental pollution.Traditional organic fertilizer product is carried out to upgrading, and exploitation substitute products, improve reclaiming organic waste and utilize level, are the important directions of domestic and international new-type fertilizer research.China is traditional organic fertilizer production and uses big country, but really fertilizer is carried out to systematic study, starts from the thirties in 20th century.50, the sixties, technical characterstic is to sum up peasant convention experience, improve that fertilizer is long-pending, system, protect, use technology, research emphasis is that the fermentation condition of During High-Temperature Composting is, the method long-pending processed of barnyard manure and retting and waterlogged compost fertilizer processed.70, the research emphasis of the eighties is that biogas fermentation, the fertilizer fertilizer effect of using that combines with inorganic fertilizer is carried out to applied basic research, has affirmed that it is the basic principle of China's fertilizer practice that organic-inorganic coordinates.Since the end of the eighties, fertilizer research starts to explore mass-producing, industrialization, commercial road, and the emphasis of research is that feces of livestock and poultry production commercialization composite organic-inorganic fertilizer technology is processed in straw directly returning to field technology and batch production.
In recent years, tobacco industry comes into effect Basic tobacco field conservation policy, and critical positions has been mentioned in the use of fertilizer in leaf tobacco production, to promoting quality of tobacco and promoting cigarette district healthy and sustainable development to have vital role.At present, in tobacco cultivation, the use of fertilizer and inorganic composite fertilizer separates often, and the available nutrient of different fertilizers and releasing rule differ greatly, cause leaf tobacco production cannot realize accurate fertilising, fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer are separately used the amount of labour used that can increase fertilising simultaneously, increase the cost of labor of leaf tobacco production.The fertilizer that tobacco is used is at present mainly feces of livestock and poultry and agricultural crop straw after cake fertilizer, fermentation, and the release rate shortage standard due to attenuation degree and available nutrient, causes the effect of fertilizer poor.In recent years, part producing region starts to plant organic tobacco leaf, its fertilising is all fertilizer, mu fertilising is generally more than 800kg, part producing region consumption even reaches 1500kg, to promoting the quality of tobacco leaf, have obvious effect, but often cause the production declining of tobacco leaf comparatively serious, per mu yield is generally lower than 125kg.Meanwhile, composite organic-inorganic fertilizer is brought into use in China's part tobacco leaf producing region, but because current most composite organic-inorganic fertilizers are produced for multi-form agriculture, has certain effect, but be unfavorable for the lifting of quality of tobacco on improvement soil.Therefore, part producing region starts to explore self-control tobacco special organic inorganic composite fertilizer, its organic raw material is mainly the peat composed of rotten mosses and weathered coal class, carry out hybrid process with original tobacco composite fertilizer special again, do not consider the impact that organic raw material discharges for nutrient in inorganic composite fertilizer, simultaneously the peat composed of rotten mosses and weathered coal class raw material are all Nonrenewable resources, and its humus content of the different place of production and component differ greatly, and are easily subject to the restriction of the quality and quantity of resource.Stalk and animal faeces wastes that minority area starts to inquire into becoming thoroughly decomposed replace the peat composed of rotten mosses and weathered coal, its method of becoming thoroughly decomposed generally takes traditional compost method to process, be difficult to improve the effective constituent of organic materials, and the producer that really carries out batch production Treating straw animal faeces wastes production commercialization fertilizer is also less, and industrial scale is little, efficiency is low, it is more serious to pollute.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure.Fertilizer of the present invention is the composite organic-inorganic fertilizer that is applicable to tobacco planting, row replacement or spread manuer in holes before cigarette transplantation of seedlings, and every mu is used 300～500kg.Compound manure of the present invention has promotion cigarette seedling and survives, improves soil physical and chemical property, improves nutrient stable market supply ability, improves utilization rate of fertilizer, promotes cigarette strain root system development, improve disease resistance and the drought-resistant ability of cigarette strain and improve the characteristics such as quality of tobacco.
In order to address the above problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
The invention provides a kind of tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure, with weight percentage, represent, described organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is made by the stalk 40～60% that becomes thoroughly decomposed, the tobacco waste 10～25% that becomes thoroughly decomposed, cake fertilizer 5～10%, amino acid 0.03～0.1%, saltpetre 1～5%, vitriolate of tartar 8～14%, primary ammonium phosphate 1.5～2.5%, bicarbonate of ammonia 1～2.5%, urea 0.05～0.35%, phosphate fertilizer 3～8%, ammonium molybdate 0.01～0.07%, borax or boric acid 0.05～0.5%, zinc sulfate 0.5～1.5% and sal epsom 0.5～1.5%.
According to above-mentioned tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure, described in the become thoroughly decomposed water ratio of stalk be 20～22%; The water ratio of the described tobacco waste that becomes thoroughly decomposed is 20～22%; The water ratio of described cake fertilizer is 5～8%.
According to above-mentioned tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure, the described stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed is prepared from by following methods: first wheat stalk, rice straw or maize straw are pulverized, after pulverizing, the particle diameter of stalk is 2～5cm, it is 55～60% that stalk after pulverizing is regulated to moisture content, then add the urea that accounts for stalk weight 1～2% and the decomposing agent that accounts for stalk weight 3～7 ‰, stir, stacking retting, its stacking volume > 15m
3, after stacking, every 15 days, turn over buttress once, during 10 ℃ of day samming >, the stacking retting time is 60～80 days, and day samming is in the time of 5～10 ℃, and the stacking retting time is 80～100 days, after stacking retting, obtains the stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed.
According to above-mentioned tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure, the described tobacco waste that becomes thoroughly decomposed is prepared from by following methods: first the tobacco leaf that cannot toast, fireworks, axillalry bud or the tobacco rod that in leaf tobacco production process, produce are pulverized, the particle diameter of crushing rear material is 2～5cm, material after pulverizing is carried out to airing, after airing, in material, moisture content is 55～60%, then add the urea that accounts for weight of material 1～2% and the decomposing agent that accounts for weight of material 3～7 ‰, stir, stacking retting, its stacking volume > 15m
3, after stacking, every 15 days, turn over buttress once, during 10 ℃ of day samming >, the stacking retting time is 60～80 days, and day samming is in the time of 5～10 ℃, and the stacking retting time is 80～100 days, after stacking retting, obtains the tobacco waste that becomes thoroughly decomposed.
According to above-mentioned tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure, described decomposing agent is the HM decomposing agent that Hebi, Henan Heng Longtai biotechnology limited-liability company produces.
A preparation method for tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure, described preparation method comprises the following steps:
A, according to the proportioning ratio of above-mentioned tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure, prepare various raw materials, first the stalk that will become thoroughly decomposed carries out moisture adjusting and sterilizing with the tobacco waste that becomes thoroughly decomposed, two kinds of raw materials are regulated to moisture to 38～42%, through 250 ℃ of high-temperature sterilization 10～15min, after sterilizing, regulate moisture to 20～22%;
B, regulate become thoroughly decomposed stalk and the tobacco waste that becomes thoroughly decomposed after moisture to pulverize respectively step a, through 1mm, 2mm, sieve successively, after the pulverizing of > 2mm, re-start screening, after screening, making its particle diameter take the shared weight percentage of interior raw material at 1mm is 70～75%, the shared weight percent of the raw material that becomes thoroughly decomposed of particle diameter > 2mm is < 5%, the stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed after pulverizing is mixed with the tobacco waste that becomes thoroughly decomposed, obtain mixing the raw material that becomes thoroughly decomposed;
C, then that amino acid, ammonium molybdate, urea, zinc sulfate, sal epsom is soluble in water, part by weight between amino acid, ammonium molybdate, urea, zinc sulfate and five kinds of material gross weights of sal epsom and the add-on of water is 1:8～12, after dissolving, obtain mixing solutions, mixing solutions is sprayed to the mixing obtaining in step b uniformly to become thoroughly decomposed on raw material, naturally dry to water ratio < 25%, after drying, obtain mixture;
D, other raw materials are mixed with the mixture that step c obtains, stir, regulate moisture to product requirement, or carry out granulation, after granulation, diameter is less than 5mm.
The raw material that the present invention adopts: amino acid kind is not less than 15 kinds; In saltpetre, nitrogen content is 12～14%, potassium content is 34～39%; In vitriolate of tartar, potassium content is 38～44%; In primary ammonium phosphate, phosphorus content is 23～27%, nitrogen content is 10～12%; In bicarbonate of ammonia, nitrogen content is 15～17%; In urea, nitrogen content is 40～46%; In phosphate fertilizer, phosphorus content is 10～15%; The purity > 90% of ammonium molybdate; The purity > 95% of borax or boric acid; The purity > 95% of zinc sulfate; The purity > 95% of sal epsom.
positive beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, through detecting, in tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure of the present invention, contain Multiple components, the content of each composition is: organic content 40～60%, humus content 8～12%, aminoacids content 0.03～0.1%, total nitrogen content 0.9～2%(is nitrate nitrogen content 0.08～0.25% wherein; Ammonium nitrogen content 0.3～0.7%; Urea content 0.05～0.35%), P
2o
5content 2～6%, K
2o content 5～10%, plant insecticide (nicotine) content 0.01～0.05%, total Soluble Sugar content 0.3～0.8%.The various compositions that contain in compound manure of the present invention have it to promote cigarette seedling to survive, improve soil physical and chemical property, improve nutrient stable market supply ability, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, promote cigarette strain root system development, improve disease resistance and the drought-resistant ability of cigarette strain and improve the advantages such as quality of tobacco.
2, tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure of the present invention is chosen the resourceful crop material in tobacco leaf producing region and tobacco waste material, it is high that the crop material that becomes thoroughly decomposed of choosing has humus content, nitrogen is had to higher adsorption, the release of potassium, phosphorus in soil is had to the features such as promoter action; It is high that the tobacco waste material that becomes thoroughly decomposed of choosing has humus content, particularly contains micromolecular organic acid and soluble polypeptide, can promote the growth of cigarette strain root system in early stage; In raw material, contain higher soluble sugar, be conducive to promotion cigarette strain in the early stage root system Fast-propagation of middle microorganism around, promotion is conducive to the raising of the microbial population of tobacco leaf growth; In raw material, contain plant insecticide nicotine, can alleviate the insect pest of cigarette seedling after transplanting; The trace element that contains the needed multiple available state of cigarette strain growth in raw material, can promote the balance of cigarette strain mineral nutrition.
3, tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure of the present invention is taked modularization formula, can, according to the soil characteristic of different areas, make up the defect of soil.The present invention has taken into full account tobacco to the mutual promoting action between the ionic forms demand of Mineral Nutrition Absorption and different shape nutrient, for China's tobacco leaf major production areas, to micro-characteristics of demand, has supplemented targetedly trace element; Selected mineral manure and organic materials have mutual promoting action, can improve the utilization ratio of mineral manure.
4, one of main pathogen in tobacco waste Liao Shiyan district, is one of limiting factor of restriction cigarette district healthy and sustainable development, and cigarette district mainly adopts and burns or add the treatment process that deep layer is buried after unslaked lime at present.And in the present invention, adopted a large amount of tobacco waste material, be used for replacing the peat composed of rotten mosses in current tobacco special organic inorganic composite fertilizer, not only solve a large amount of use Nonrenewable resources and destroyed the problem of ecotope, and solved naturally the rot problem of spoiled soil ecotope of a large amount of tobacco waste material, its a large amount of tobacco waste material are re-used, turn waste into wealth.In addition, in the raw material that compound manure of the present invention adopts, adopt a large amount of discarded stalks, for re-using more stalk, provide a kind of new way.Thereby the present invention not only has significant economic benefit, and there is significant social benefit.
four, embodiment:
Embodiment 1:
Tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure of the present invention, with weight percentage, represent, described organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is made by the stalk 46.5% that becomes thoroughly decomposed, the tobacco waste 25% that becomes thoroughly decomposed, cake fertilizer 8%, amino acid 0.03%, saltpetre 1%, vitriolate of tartar 12%, primary ammonium phosphate 1.6%, bicarbonate of ammonia 0.6%, urea 0.05%, phosphate fertilizer 3.5%, ammonium molybdate 0.05%, borax 0.1%, zinc sulfate 0.6% and sal epsom 0.97%.
The preparation method of the described stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed is: first wheat stalk and rice straw are pulverized, after pulverizing, the particle diameter of stalk is 2～5cm, it is 55～60% that stalk after pulverizing is regulated to moisture content, then add the urea that accounts for stalk weight 1.5% and the decomposing agent that accounts for stalk weight 5 ‰ (the HM decomposing agent that Hebi, Henan Heng Longtai biotechnology limited-liability company produces), stir, stacking retting, its stacking volume > 15m
3, after stacking, every 15 days, turn over buttress once, during 10 ℃ of day samming >, the stacking retting time is 60～80 days, and day samming is in the time of 5～10 ℃, and the stacking retting time is 80～100 days, after stacking retting, obtains the stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed.
The preparation method of the described tobacco waste that becomes thoroughly decomposed is: first the tobacco leaf that cannot toast, fireworks and the tobacco rod that in leaf tobacco production process, produce are pulverized, the particle diameter of crushing rear material is 2～5cm, material after pulverizing is carried out to airing, after airing, in material, moisture content is 55～60%, then add the urea that accounts for weight of material 1.5% and the decomposing agent that accounts for weight of material 6 ‰ (the HM decomposing agent that Hebi, Henan Heng Longtai biotechnology limited-liability company produces), stir, stacking retting, its stacking volume > 15m
3, after stacking, every 15 days, turn over buttress once, during 10 ℃ of day samming >, the stacking retting time is 60～80 days, and day samming is in the time of 5～10 ℃, and the stacking retting time is 80～100 days, after stacking retting, obtains the tobacco waste that becomes thoroughly decomposed.
The preparation method of tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure of the present invention, described preparation method's detailed step is as follows:
A, according to the proportioning ratio of above-mentioned tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure, prepare various raw materials, first the stalk that will become thoroughly decomposed carries out moisture adjusting and sterilizing with the tobacco waste that becomes thoroughly decomposed, two kinds of raw materials are regulated to moisture to 38～42%, through 250 ℃ of high-temperature sterilization 10～15min, after sterilizing, regulate moisture to 20～22%;
B, regulate become thoroughly decomposed stalk and the tobacco waste that becomes thoroughly decomposed after moisture to pulverize respectively step a, through 1mm, 2mm, sieve successively, after the pulverizing of > 2mm, re-start screening, after screening, making its particle diameter take the shared weight percentage of interior raw material at 1mm is 70～75%, the shared weight percent of the raw material that becomes thoroughly decomposed of particle diameter > 2mm is < 5%, the stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed after pulverizing is mixed with the tobacco waste that becomes thoroughly decomposed, obtain mixing the raw material that becomes thoroughly decomposed;
C, then that amino acid, ammonium molybdate, urea, zinc sulfate, sal epsom is soluble in water, part by weight between amino acid, ammonium molybdate, urea, zinc sulfate and five kinds of material gross weights of sal epsom and the add-on of water is 1:10, after dissolving, obtain mixing solutions, mixing solutions is sprayed to the mixing obtaining in step b uniformly to become thoroughly decomposed on raw material, naturally dry to water ratio < 25%, after drying, obtain mixture;
D, other raw materials are mixed with the mixture that step c obtains, stir, regulate moisture to product requirement, or carry out granulation, after granulation, diameter is less than 5mm.
Embodiment 2: substantially the same manner as Example 1, difference is:
Tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure of the present invention, with weight percentage, represent, described organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is made by the stalk 40% that becomes thoroughly decomposed, the tobacco waste 24% that becomes thoroughly decomposed, cake fertilizer 6.5%, amino acid 0.04%, saltpetre 5%, vitriolate of tartar 10%, primary ammonium phosphate 2.5%, bicarbonate of ammonia 2.0%, urea 0.15%, phosphate fertilizer 7%, ammonium molybdate 0.07%, boric acid 0.2%, zinc sulfate 1.2% and sal epsom 1.34%.
Preparation method's difference from Example 1 of the described stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed is: first maize straw and rice straw are pulverized, then added the urea that accounts for stalk weight 2% and the decomposing agent that accounts for stalk weight 7 ‰.
Preparation method's difference from Example 1 of the described tobacco waste that becomes thoroughly decomposed is: first the tobacco leaf that cannot toast, fireworks, axillalry bud and the tobacco rod that in leaf tobacco production process, produce are pulverized, then added the urea that accounts for weight of material 1% and the decomposing agent that accounts for weight of material 4.5 ‰.
The preparation method of tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure of the present invention is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3: substantially the same manner as Example 1, difference is:
Tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure of the present invention, with weight percentage, represent, described organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is made by the stalk 44% that becomes thoroughly decomposed, the tobacco waste 20% that becomes thoroughly decomposed, cake fertilizer 10%, amino acid 0.05%, saltpetre 4%, vitriolate of tartar 9%, primary ammonium phosphate 2.0%, bicarbonate of ammonia 1.5%, urea 0.34%, phosphate fertilizer 6.5%, ammonium molybdate 0.01%, borax 0.3%, zinc sulfate 1.0% and sal epsom 1.3%.
Preparation method's difference from Example 1 of the described stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed is: first maize straw and wheat stalk are pulverized, then added the urea that accounts for stalk weight 1% and the decomposing agent that accounts for stalk weight 3 ‰.
Preparation method's difference from Example 1 of the described tobacco waste that becomes thoroughly decomposed is: first the tobacco leaf that cannot toast and the tobacco rod that in leaf tobacco production process, produce are pulverized, then added the urea that accounts for weight of material 2% and the decomposing agent that accounts for weight of material 7 ‰.
The preparation method of tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure of the present invention is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4: substantially the same manner as Example 1, difference is:
Tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure of the present invention, with weight percentage, represent, described organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is made by the stalk 56.3% that becomes thoroughly decomposed, the tobacco waste 12% that becomes thoroughly decomposed, cake fertilizer 9%, amino acid 0.04%, saltpetre 3%, vitriolate of tartar 9%, primary ammonium phosphate 1.5%, bicarbonate of ammonia 1%, urea 0.14%, phosphate fertilizer 6%, ammonium molybdate 0.02%, boric acid 0.2%, zinc sulfate 0.8% and sal epsom 1.0%.
Preparation method's difference from Example 1 of the described stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed is: first wheat stalk, maize straw and rice straw are pulverized, then added the urea that accounts for stalk weight 2% and the decomposing agent that accounts for stalk weight 6 ‰.
Preparation method's difference from Example 1 of the described tobacco waste that becomes thoroughly decomposed is: first the tobacco leaf that cannot toast, axillalry bud and the tobacco rod that in leaf tobacco production process, produce are pulverized, then added the urea that accounts for weight of material 1.5% and the decomposing agent that accounts for weight of material 6 ‰.
The preparation method of tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure of the present invention is with embodiment 1.
the experiment comparing result of above-mentioned embodiment:
1, N, P in the embodiment of the present invention 1 compound manure
2o
5, K
2mass ratio between O three is 1.09:2.14:7.34, is applicable to Central Henan province, Henan, and 300kg is used in every mu of ground suggestion.The contrast result on trial of the embodiment of the present invention 1 compound manure and existing fertilizer refers to table 1 and table 2.
table 1 mineral manure consumption (Henan)
table 2 yield of tobacco and the output value and hierarchical organization (Henan)
2, N, P in the embodiment of the present invention 2 compound manure
2o
5, K
2mass ratio between O three is 1.99:3.46:8.09, is applicable to that Xiangxi is short of rain, soil quick-effective phosphor and the lower area of quick-acting potassium content, and 300～350kg is used in every mu of ground suggestion.The contrast result on trial of the embodiment of the present invention 2 compound manure and existing fertilizer refers to table 3 and table 4.
table 3 mineral manure consumption (Yongshun, Hunan)
table 4 yield of tobacco and the output value and hierarchical organization (Yongshun, Hunan)
3, N, P in the invention process 3 compound manure
2o
5, K
2mass ratio between O three is 1.91:3.05:7.17, is applicable to Xiang Nan area of heavy rainfull, Hunan, and 400kg is used in every mu of ground suggestion.The contrast result on trial of the embodiment of the present invention 3 compound manure and existing fertilizer refers to table 5 and table 6.
table 5 mineral manure consumption (Guiyang, Hunan)
table 6 yield of tobacco and the output value and hierarchical organization (Guiyang, Hunan)
4, N, P in the embodiment of the present invention 4 compound manure
2o
5, K
2mass ratio between O three is 1.44:2.60:6.66, is applicable to Xiang Nan area of heavy rainfull, Hunan, and 450kg is used in every mu of ground suggestion.The contrast result on trial of the embodiment of the present invention 4 compound manure and existing fertilizer refers to table 7 and table 8.
table 7 mineral manure consumption (liuyang hunan)
table 8 yield of tobacco and the output value and hierarchical organization (liuyang hunan)
。
Claims (5)
1. a preparation method for tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure, is characterized in that, described preparation method comprises the following steps:
A, with weight percentage, represent, described tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure is made by the stalk 40～60% that becomes thoroughly decomposed, the tobacco waste 10～25% that becomes thoroughly decomposed, cake fertilizer 5～10%, amino acid 0.03～0.1%, saltpetre 1～5%, vitriolate of tartar 8～14%, primary ammonium phosphate 1.5～2.5%, bicarbonate of ammonia 1～2.5%, urea 0.05～0.35%, phosphate fertilizer 3～8%, ammonium molybdate 0.01～0.07%, borax or boric acid 0.05～0.5%, zinc sulfate 0.5～1.5% and sal epsom 0.5～1.5%;
B, according to the proportioning ratio of tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure described in step a, prepare various raw materials, first the stalk that will become thoroughly decomposed carries out moisture adjusting and sterilizing with the tobacco waste that becomes thoroughly decomposed, two kinds of raw materials are regulated to moisture to 38～42%, through 250 ℃ of high-temperature sterilization 10～15min, after sterilizing, regulate moisture to 20～22%;
C, regulate become thoroughly decomposed stalk and the tobacco waste that becomes thoroughly decomposed after moisture to pulverize respectively step b, through 1mm, 2mm, sieve successively, after the pulverizing of > 2mm, re-start screening, after screening, making its particle diameter take the shared weight percentage of interior raw material at 1mm is 70～75%, the shared weight percent of the raw material that becomes thoroughly decomposed of particle diameter > 2mm is < 5%, the stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed after pulverizing is mixed with the tobacco waste that becomes thoroughly decomposed, obtain mixing the raw material that becomes thoroughly decomposed;
D, then that amino acid, ammonium molybdate, urea, zinc sulfate, sal epsom is soluble in water, part by weight between amino acid, ammonium molybdate, urea, zinc sulfate and five kinds of material gross weights of sal epsom and the add-on of water is 1:8～12, after dissolving, obtain mixing solutions, mixing solutions is sprayed to the mixing obtaining in step b uniformly to become thoroughly decomposed on raw material, naturally dry to water ratio < 25%, after drying, obtain mixture;
E, the mixture that other raw materials are obtained with steps d mix, and stir, and regulate moisture to product requirement, or carry out granulation, and after granulation, diameter is less than 5mm.
2. the preparation method of tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described in the become thoroughly decomposed water ratio of stalk be 20～22%; The water ratio of the described tobacco waste that becomes thoroughly decomposed is 20～22%; The water ratio of described cake fertilizer is 5～8%.
3. the preparation method of tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the described stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed is prepared from by following methods: first wheat stalk, rice straw or maize straw are pulverized, after pulverizing, the particle diameter of stalk is 2～5cm, it is 55～60% that stalk after pulverizing is regulated to moisture content, then add the urea that accounts for stalk weight 1～2% and the decomposing agent that accounts for stalk weight 3～7 ‰, stir, stacking retting, its stacking volume > 15m
3, after stacking, every 15 days, turn over buttress once, during 10 ℃ of day samming >, the stacking retting time is 60～80 days, and day samming is in the time of 5～10 ℃, and the stacking retting time is 80～100 days, after stacking retting, obtains the stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed.
4. the preparation method of tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the described tobacco waste that becomes thoroughly decomposed is prepared from by following methods: first by the tobacco leaf that cannot toast producing in leaf tobacco production process, fireworks, axillalry bud or tobacco rod are pulverized, the particle diameter of crushing rear material is 2～5cm, material after pulverizing is carried out to airing, after airing, in material, moisture content is 55～60%, then add the urea that accounts for weight of material 1～2% and the decomposing agent that accounts for weight of material 3～7 ‰, stir, stacking retting, its stacking volume > 15m
3, after stacking, every 15 days, turn over buttress once, during 10 ℃ of day samming >, the stacking retting time is 60～80 days, and day samming is in the time of 5～10 ℃, and the stacking retting time is 80～100 days, after stacking retting, obtains the tobacco waste that becomes thoroughly decomposed.
5. according to the preparation method of the tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure described in claim 3 or 4, it is characterized in that: described decomposing agent is the HM decomposing agent that Hebi, Henan Heng Longtai biotechnology limited-liability company produces.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102731193B (en) * | 2012-07-13 | 2014-05-07 | 凉山金叶废弃烟草集中销毁环保科技有限公司 | Biological organic fertilizer |
| CN102850145B (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-04-09 | 王自刚 | Special fertilizer for tobaccos |
| CN104045414A (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2014-09-17 | 湖南省中科农业有限公司 | Special novel blending fertilizer for tobacco, and preparation method thereof |
| CN103467213A (en) * | 2013-09-10 | 2013-12-25 | 安徽省成仓复合肥有限公司 | Fertilizer applicable to tobacco and preparation method thereof |
| CN103641585A (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2014-03-19 | 马鞍山科邦生态肥有限公司 | A fertilizer suitable for tobacco and a preparation method thereof |
| CN103708872A (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2014-04-09 | 广西科技大学 | Tobacco crop composite fertilizer |
| CN104025790B (en) * | 2014-06-04 | 2015-10-21 | 丽江市土壤肥料工作站 | The fertilizing method of flue-cured tobacco field planting arid area in early stage |
| CN104206185B (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2017-07-18 | 桐城市景艺苗木有限公司 | A kind of seedling grafting method |
| CN105130590A (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2015-12-09 | 马鞍山科邦生态肥有限公司 | Inorganic nutrient fertilizer combined with straw decomposing agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN105061053A (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2015-11-18 | 马鞍山科邦生态肥有限公司 | Organic fertilizer for promoting straw decomposition and preparation method therefor |
| CN105085090A (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2015-11-25 | 贵州省烟草公司毕节市公司 | Fertilizer suitable for tobacco fields in karst regions and application |
| CN105110998A (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2015-12-02 | 陈薇 | Special high-efficiency fertilizer for tobacco planting and preparation method of fertilizer |
| CN105850330B (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2019-05-21 | 湖南农业大学 | It is a kind of reduce tobacco leaf wildfire, tobacco mosaic disease and catch an illness rate and improve the fertilizing method of flue-cured tobacco drought resistance |
| CN106045759A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-10-26 | 李红喜 | Microbial organic fertilizer for soil restoration |
| CN106278644A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2017-01-04 | 贵州智慧山地农业发展研究院 | A kind of improve potassium content of tobacco leaf containing microorganism slowly available potassium fertilizer preparation technology |
| CN106747770A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2017-05-31 | 安徽省农业科学院烟草研究所 | A kind of Tobacco-rice rotation special potassium fertilizer and its anniversary one-time use method |
| CN106733096A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 广西北部湾制药股份有限公司 | Tobacco leaf planting fertilizer |
| CN106866274A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-06-20 | 长沙绿丰源生物有机肥料有限公司 | Fertilizer special for tobacco |
| CN108056001A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-05-22 | 湖南省烟草公司郴州市公司 | One Nutrition Soil and preparation method thereof for growing tobacco two-stages seeding |
| CN108947605A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2018-12-07 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of tobacco organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1205317A (en) * | 1997-07-11 | 1999-01-20 | 豆虎镇 | Multi-bacteria organic/inorganic tobacco special fertilizer |
| CN1232008A (en) * | 1999-04-23 | 1999-10-20 | 西北农业大学无公害农药研究服务中心 | Organic mixed fertilizer for tobacco, and its preparing process |
| CN101828506B (en) * | 2010-04-29 | 2011-10-19 | 河南农业大学 | Novel floating seedling substrate special for tobacco and preparation method thereof |
| CN101913957B (en) * | 2010-08-03 | 2013-08-07 | 云南云叶化肥股份有限公司 | Insect repelling organic/inorganic compound fertilizer prepared from tobacco-waste and preparation method thereof |
| CN102093095A (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2011-06-15 | 云南中烟工业公司 | Biological organic fertilizer special for organic tobacco leaves and preparation method thereof |
| CN101973824B (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2013-03-20 | 河南农业大学 | Fertilizer capable of improving tobacco soil and promoting growth of root |
| CN102060591B (en) * | 2010-11-29 | 2013-03-20 | 罗定棋 | Compound fertilizer special for flue-cured tobacco |
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