CN102497998A - 具有带有不同外观的金属化饰面区域的部件的处理 - Google Patents
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- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
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- C23F4/00—Processes for removing metallic material from surfaces, not provided for in group C23F1/00 or C23F3/00
- C23F4/02—Processes for removing metallic material from surfaces, not provided for in group C23F1/00 or C23F3/00 by evaporation
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- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于处理部件以产生具有带有光泽和无光泽外观的区域的表面的方法，其中在预先涂有第一铜层和第二金属层的表面上进行第二层的选择性腐蚀，其中所述第二层的选择性腐蚀根据相对于部件的其余部分而言待哑光化的一个或多个区域来进行。所述方法允许具有不同光泽(从镜面光泽到无光泽)的区域的饰面，其厚度差在没有光学辅助工具的情况下不能通过人眼观察到。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及涂覆领域。更具体而言，本发明涉及用于处理部件的方法，其允许在一个和同一部件中结合不同光泽和无光泽的饰面(finish)。
背景技术
利用电解槽形成的铬涂层当前用作防腐蚀的装饰层。这些涂层一般利用电解槽制得。
在这些常规电解槽中，塑料不是导体，因此，为了能够接受涂层，它们需要经受复杂的预处理过程。
目前正在开发允许使用较小毒性产品的、通过物理气相沉积(PVD)进行镀铬的新方法。PVD技术从待沉积的固体原料直接开始、然后通过将其加热或用高能离子对其进行轰击来将其转化成蒸气。所形成的蒸气在基底的表面上冷凝，从而形成薄层。该过程在真空或在受控气氛中进行，以防止金属蒸气与空气之间的相互作用。通过该方法进行的一种涂覆工艺描述于专利申请ES 2 239 907A1中。
为了在塑料上或在金属表面上产生镀铬，首先将铜沉积到产品的表面。该层厚约20至25微米。然后实施约15微米的镍沉积，并且最后施加通常约0.5微米厚度的铬。在待赋予无光泽外观的情况下，在施加铬之前，哑光处理最后的镍层。然而，如果部件要具有无光泽和有光泽区域，则应单独地***具有与大部分部件外观不同的一个或多个区域，从而导致额外的复杂性。目前，无光泽区域可以通过以局部方式在镀铬的光泽表面上施加有机层来实现。这种解决方案具有不同饰面的边界清晰度(definition)问题以及关于机动车应用中所需要的户外要求的耐受性(resistance)如粘附性、抗划性等问题。
发明目的
本发明的一个目的是解决在前述部分中提及的技术问题。为此，本发明提出一种用于处理部件以赋予表面不同的光亮(glazed)和光泽饰面的方法。所述方法包括在预先涂有第一铜层和第二金属层的表面上进行第二层的选择性腐蚀，其中该选择性腐蚀根据相对于部件其余部分而言待哑光化的一个或多个区域来进行。
所述选择性腐蚀可以通过扫过表面的激光来进行，从而使期望的一个或多个区域哑光化。所述激光优选波长为1064nm且功率为100W的YAG激光。作为一个替代方案，选择性腐蚀也可以通过刮擦或以化学方式进行，在该情况下保护应保持光泽的区域。在化学腐蚀的情况下，在应保持光泽的一个或多个表面上施加遮蔽涂料，其中在对暴露的区域进行选择性腐蚀之后将遮蔽物利用溶剂溶解。
第二金属层可以为镍层或镍层及其上的铬层。在第一种情况下，腐蚀镍层，而在第二种情况下，腐蚀铬层。在选择性腐蚀之后，施加另外的不可腐蚀的金属(同样为铬、钢或诸如Zr、Au、Pt、Rt、In等的金属)层。这些金属可以通过PVD或任意其它合适的技术施加到部件上。铬也可以通过电解施加，在被腐蚀之前和在最后步骤中都要进行。
具体实施方式
本发明的方法应用于由塑料材料制成的部件和由金属制成的部件，例如用铜和镍的层处理以作为镀铬工艺的准备的那些。在第一实施方案中，对镍层进行部分表面腐蚀，这允许获得具有不同纹理/光泽的邻接区域。然后对部件进行镀铬，例如利用电镀铬(galvanic chromium)。
在另一实施方案中，所述部件具有铜、镍和铬的层，对铬层进行表层腐蚀。
在两种情况下，通过化学方法(利用酸)或物理方法(例如利用激光或通过刮擦未保护区域)均可以进行选择性腐蚀，从而产生与之前所保护的那些不同的纹理或光泽(光亮)。
如果腐蚀是化学腐蚀或通过刮擦进行，则必须不能处理的区域和将具有光泽的区域用保护物或遮蔽物来保护，所述保护物随后被移除。
最后，可以利用PVD技术(溅射、电弧等)施加不可腐蚀的金属层，如上述确保能保持所获得的不同水平的光泽或纹理。在该最后的步骤中使用的金属是铬、钛、锆、铟、钌或诸如金或铂的贵金属。不同的金属赋予部件具有不同颜色的饰面，之前通过选择性腐蚀处理的区域的光亮外观没有受到干扰并且使部件免受外部侵害。非光泽区域的最后饰面可以具有不同的网或几何形状，对于该具体实例而言优选使用激光。对于条状饰面，优选通过刮擦进行腐蚀。
在中间步骤和最后步骤二者中施加的铬可以是电镀铬或通过PVD施加的铬。
通过该方法，实现了一个部件和同一部件具有带有不同饰面的区域，而无需在主要部件的不同区域中引入可拆卸元件或使用部分施加在金属上的有机层，并且有助于部件的表面均一且耐受户外和户内的要求，例如机动车工业的那些要求。因此，取决于所用的腐蚀时间和方法(从镜面光泽到无光泽，包括光亮和所有中间色调在内)，饰面具有带有不同光泽的区域，且其厚度差在不借助于光学辅助工具的情况下不能通过人眼观察到。
选择性腐蚀应理解为，待处理的区域被预先选定并改变，使得预先沉积的镍或铬层的纹理和光泽被部分修饰。这赋予选定的表面不同于基础光泽外观的外观。
利用激光的选择性腐蚀利用例如波长为1064nm且功率为100W的YAG激光来进行。
可以利用具有类似特征的其它类型的激光来实施应用。
通过控制激光的功率和作用时间可以实现多种饰面，其赋予部件不同的微细差别(nuance)，从更为镜面状色调(光泽区域)到或多或少的无光泽饰面或者具有特定的纹理。
作为一个替代方案，腐蚀可以在遮蔽其必须为光泽的表面之后用酸来进行。随后利用溶剂移除遮蔽物。在化学腐蚀的情况下，遮蔽利用表面腐蚀阶段过程中所使用的耐受化学品的专用漆来进行。
如果利用刮擦来进行腐蚀，则通过喷漆、通过机械掩模或通过移印(pad printing)来施加保护物。
Claims (16)
1.一种用于处理部件以产生具有带有光泽和无光泽外观的区域的表面的方法，其特征在于，在预先涂有第一铜层和含金属的第二层的表面上进行所述第二层的选择性腐蚀，其中所述第二层的选择性腐蚀根据相对于所述部件的其余部分而言待哑光化的一个或更多个区域来进行。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述选择性腐蚀利用扫过所述表面的激光来进行，从而使期望的一个或更多个区域哑光化。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中所述激光是波长为1064nm且功率为100W的YAG激光。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述选择性腐蚀以化学方式进行。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中在腐蚀之前，施加遮蔽应保持光泽的一个或更多个表面的涂层，所述腐蚀在未保护的区域中进行并且随后利用溶剂溶解遮蔽物。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述选择性腐蚀通过刮擦待哑光化的区域以物理方式进行，其中保护应保持光泽的区域。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其中所述第二层包含镍。
8.根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的方法，其中所述第二层依次包含镍下层和另一铬上层，所述选择性腐蚀发生在铬层上。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法，其中进行所述铬层的选择性腐蚀直至达到所述镍下层为止。
10.根据权利要求8或9中任一项所述的方法，其中通过电解沉积所述铬。
11.根据权利要求8或9中任一项所述的方法，其中通过PVD沉积所述铬。
12.根据权利要求8-11中任一项所述的方法，其中在进行所述选择性腐蚀之后，通过PVD在所述表面上施加另外的不可腐蚀的金属层。
13.根据权利要求12所述的方法，其中所述不可腐蚀的金属是Zr、Cr、Au、Pt、Rt、In或钢中的一种或它们的组合。
14.根据权利要求8-11中任一项所述的方法，其中在进行所述选择性腐蚀之后，通过电解在所述表面上施加另外的铬层。
15.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其中所述部件由塑料材料制成。
16.根据权利要求1-14中任一项所述的方法，其中所述部件由金属制成。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200930637A ES2338627B1 (es) | 2009-08-28 | 2009-08-28 | Tratamiento de piezas con zonas de acabado metalizado de aspecto diferenciado. |
| ESP200930637 | 2009-08-28 | ||
| PCT/EP2010/062558 WO2011023798A1 (en) | 2009-08-28 | 2010-08-27 | Treatment of parts with metallized finish areas with a differentiated appearance |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102497998A true CN102497998A (zh) | 2012-06-13 |
| CN102497998B CN102497998B (zh) | 2015-11-25 |
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| US (1) | US9017775B2 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP2470376B1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP5774591B2 (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR101705322B1 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN102497998B (zh) |
| ES (2) | ES2338627B1 (zh) |
| RU (1) | RU2553784C2 (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2011023798A1 (zh) |
Cited By (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105324514A (zh) * | 2013-04-23 | 2016-02-10 | 杜尔丹公司 | 对镀覆部件涂漆的方法 |
| CN106909040A (zh) * | 2015-12-10 | 2017-06-30 | 柯尼卡美能达株式会社 | 中间转印体及图像形成装置 |
| CN107250443A (zh) * | 2015-01-13 | 2017-10-13 | 扎尼尼汽车集团公司 | 处理部件的方法 |
| CN110344093A (zh) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-10-18 | 张麟敏 | 电镀层上蚀刻再镀的表面结构化的金属压制板及制备方法 |
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| ES2338627B1 (es) * | 2009-08-28 | 2011-06-08 | Zanini Auto Grup S.A. | Tratamiento de piezas con zonas de acabado metalizado de aspecto diferenciado. |
| KR101353264B1 (ko) * | 2012-05-31 | 2014-01-27 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 레이저 식각처리를 이용한 도금방법 |
| DE202015001879U1 (de) * | 2015-03-11 | 2015-04-24 | Gerhardi Kunststofftechnik Gmbh | Galvanisiertes Kunststoffbauteil mit strukturierter Oberfläche |
| US11326268B2 (en) * | 2015-05-14 | 2022-05-10 | Lacks Enterprises, Inc. | Floating metallized element assembly and method of manufacturing thereof |
| DE102015006552A1 (de) * | 2015-05-21 | 2016-11-24 | Audi Ag | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Bauteils mit einer strukturierten Oberfläche für eine Bedieneinrichtung eines Kraftfahrzeugs |
| JP5825733B1 (ja) * | 2015-07-10 | 2015-12-02 | 名古屋メッキ工業株式会社 | 金めっき装飾品、模擬刀及びその金めっき方法 |
| DE102016001423B4 (de) | 2016-02-05 | 2022-08-11 | Audi Ag | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Bauteils für eine Bedieneinrichtung eines Kraftfahrzeugs mit einer teilweise strukturierten Oberfläche |
| US10208392B1 (en) | 2017-08-16 | 2019-02-19 | Kings Mountain International, Inc. | Method for creating a chromium-plated surface with a matte finish |
| US11840046B2 (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2023-12-12 | Lacks Enterprises, Inc. | Anisotropic textured surface |
| GB2592845B (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2023-11-15 | Kenwood Ltd | Kitchen appliance, decorative article therefor, and method of manufacturing a decorative surface |
| EP3980572A1 (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2022-04-13 | Kenwood Limited | Kitchen appliance, decorative article therefor, and method of manufacturing a decorative surface |
| CN114919139A (zh) * | 2022-05-27 | 2022-08-19 | 温州金瑞祥金银制品有限公司 | 一种工艺品亚光成型方法 |
| KR102641197B1 (ko) * | 2022-08-15 | 2024-02-27 | (주) 씨엠에스 | 레이저 조각에 의한 도어사이드스텝의 제조방법 |
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- 2010-08-27 WO PCT/EP2010/062558 patent/WO2011023798A1/en active Application Filing
- 2010-08-27 EP EP10745662.6A patent/EP2470376B1/en active Active
- 2010-08-27 US US13/393,037 patent/US9017775B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 2010-08-27 JP JP2012526076A patent/JP5774591B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN110344093A (zh) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-10-18 | 张麟敏 | 电镀层上蚀刻再镀的表面结构化的金属压制板及制备方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| RU2012111775A (ru) | 2013-10-10 |
| US9017775B2 (en) | 2015-04-28 |
| KR20120094899A (ko) | 2012-08-27 |
| ES2338627B1 (es) | 2011-06-08 |
| EP2470376B1 (en) | 2015-08-26 |
| ES2556637T3 (es) | 2016-01-19 |
| RU2553784C2 (ru) | 2015-06-20 |
| JP5774591B2 (ja) | 2015-09-09 |
| CN102497998B (zh) | 2015-11-25 |
| EP2470376A1 (en) | 2012-07-04 |
| ES2338627A1 (es) | 2010-05-10 |
| US20120164350A1 (en) | 2012-06-28 |
| KR101705322B1 (ko) | 2017-02-09 |
| JP2013503055A (ja) | 2013-01-31 |
| WO2011023798A1 (en) | 2011-03-03 |
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