CN102472128A - 容积储存器 - Google Patents

容积储存器 Download PDF

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CN102472128A
CN102472128A CN2010800342437A CN201080034243A CN102472128A CN 102472128 A CN102472128 A CN 102472128A CN 2010800342437 A CN2010800342437 A CN 2010800342437A CN 201080034243 A CN201080034243 A CN 201080034243A CN 102472128 A CN102472128 A CN 102472128A
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housing
camshaft
cavity
taper
volume storage
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CN102472128B (zh
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米夏埃尔·布塞
马蒂亚斯·伯格尔斯豪森
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Fifth Schaeffler Investment Management & CoKg GmbH
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
    • F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
    • F15B1/027—Installations or systems with accumulators having accumulator charging devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
    • F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
    • F15B1/04—Accumulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
    • F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
    • F15B1/04—Accumulators
    • F15B1/08—Accumulators using a gas cushion; Gas charging devices; Indicators or floats therefor
    • F15B1/24—Accumulators using a gas cushion; Gas charging devices; Indicators or floats therefor with rigid separating means, e.g. pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F01L2001/0475—Hollow camshafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • F01L2001/34423—Details relating to the hydraulic feeding circuit
    • F01L2001/34446—Fluid accumulators for the feeding circuit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2303/00—Manufacturing of components used in valve arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/20—Accumulator cushioning means
    • F15B2201/21—Accumulator cushioning means using springs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/40—Constructional details of accumulators not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/40—Constructional details of accumulators not otherwise provided for
    • F15B2201/405—Housings
    • F15B2201/4056—Housings characterised by the attachment of housing components
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S303/00—Fluid-pressure and analogous brake systems
    • Y10S303/11—Accumulator

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种容积储存器(1)，其具有：大致上呈空心圆柱状地构造的壳体(4)和可推移地布置在壳体(4)内的分隔元件(5)，其中，所述壳体(4)不可推移地布置在凸轮轴(3)的空腔(2)内。

Description

容积储存器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种容积储存器，其具有：大致上呈空心圆柱状地构造的壳体以及可推移地布置在壳体内的分隔元件，其中，壳体固定地布置在凸轮轴的空腔内。
背景技术
容积储存器用于内燃机中，用以能够应对液压介质的短时需求峰值。应用领域例如处在凸轮轴调整件的领域，通过所述凸轮轴调整件能够使曲轴与凸轮轴之间的相位得到可变切换。
凸轮轴调整器被整合到如下的传动系中，通过所述传动系将转矩从曲轴传递到凸轮轴上。相位调整通常借助液压促动机构来进行，所述液压促动机构被由内燃机的压力介质泵来馈给压力介质。如果在内燃机运行期间需要跨越很大相位角的相位调整的话，所需的压力介质体积则超出了由压力介质泵给送的压力介质体积。在这种情况下，由容积储存器来提供该差值。另外，容积储存器对在压力介质泵依赖于转速的给送体积过小的运行阶段中进行的凸轮轴调整给予支持，以便对凸轮轴调整器充足地供给。这通常在转速低以及压力介质温度高时是这样的情况。此外，容积储存器在内燃机停机过程期间在达到基本位置时对凸轮轴调整器给予支持。
例如由DE 10228354A1公知用于对凸轮轴调整器给予支持的容积储存器。容积储存器被布置在凸轮轴的空腔中，其中，活塞以可逆着气体弹簧轴向推移的方式布置在该空腔的内部。向凸轮轴调整器和容积储存器的压力介质输送通过穿越凸轮轴轴承的共用进管来进行。在内燃机运行期间，容积储存器在低压力介质消耗的运行阶段被填满。储存在容积储存器中的压力介质体积被提供给处在较高压力介质消耗的运行阶段的凸轮轴调整器。为了防止压力介质朝压力介质泵的方向从容积储存器中流出，通常设置有处在凸轮轴调整器上游的止回阀。这例如在DE 102007056683A1中有所公开，其中，同样阐述了呈翼片小室结构类型(Flügelzellenbauart)的凸轮轴调整器的工作原理。
发明内容
本发明基于如下任务，即，说明一种布置在凸轮轴的空腔中的容积储存器，其中，成本和制造花费应被降低。
该任务根据本发明以如下方式得以解决，即：容积储存器的轴向端部分别贴靠在布置于空腔内的锥形的支承面上。在此，例如壳体或与壳体相连接的或朝向锥形的支承面的方向在后方嵌接该壳体的中间构件贴靠在该锥形的支承面上。
分隔元件(例如可轴向推移的活塞)布置在壳体内，其中，壳体的内侧表面对于活塞而言充当运行面。对运行面的精度的较高要求可在壳体中在无额外花费的情形中，例如通过无切削的成形方法(例如深冲方法)来实现。
本发明首次提出的是：将布置在凸轮轴的空腔内的容积储存器的壳体不可推移地固定在两个锥形的支承面之间。通过锥形的支承面，壳体与凸轮轴轴线对中心地布置，其中，对中心过程在容积储存器的装配期间自动地进行。在此，设置为：凸轮轴的空腔的内直径大于壳体的外直径地构造。因此，壳体不贴靠在空腔的侧表面上。因此不存在如下危险，即，壳体由于在凸轮轴的侧表面上的不平坦性而发生变形，这可能导致分隔元件被卡住。
因为一方面活塞沿着壳体的成本适中地制造的、高精度的面运动，并且另一方面壳体不具有与凸轮轴的空腔的侧表面的碰触点，所以可取消对侧表面的成本很高的后处理。
在此，可以设置为，锥形的支承面中的一个构造在空腔的侧表面上。备选地可以设置为：锥形的支承面中的至少一个构造在单独的构件上，该单独的构件被牢固地固定在凸轮轴上，并且因此相对该凸轮轴不可被移开地固定。在此，可以设想如下实施方式，在其中，锥形的支承面中的一个直接构造在凸轮轴的空腔的侧表面上，壳体的一个轴向端部贴靠于该锥形的支承面上，而壳体的另一轴向端部贴靠在单独的构件的锥形的支承面上。备选地，单独的构件的两个端部均可进行贴靠。备选地，壳体的两个端部均可贴靠在单独的构件的锥形的支承面上。
具有锥形的支承面的单独的构件可以力锁合(kraftschlüssig)、材料锁合(stoffschlüssig)或形状锁合(formschlüssig)地与凸轮轴、例如与凸轮轴的空腔的侧表面相连接。因此，壳体在轴向上被卡在两个凸轮轴固定的构件之间，其中，锥形的支承面在装配期间对壳体进行对中心，并且阻止壳体做径向运动。在此，在单独的构件与凸轮轴之间的连接可例如借助于压配合、熔焊连接或钎焊连接来建立。锥形的支承面可构造在壳体嵌接于其中的单独的构件的外侧表面上。备选地可设置为，锥形的支承面构造在单独的构件的内侧表面上，壳体嵌接到该单独的构件中。
附图说明
本发明的另外的特征由下面的说明书以及由附图得出，并且在该附图中，本发明的实施例简化示出。其中：
图1示出了在凸轮轴内部的容积储存器的根据本发明的第一实施方式的纵剖面，
图2示出了图1中细部X的放大图示，
图3示出了图1中细部Z的放大图示，
图4示出了凸轮轴内部的容积储存器的根据本发明的第二实施方式的部分纵剖面。
具体实施方式
图1示出了容积储存器1，容积储存器1布置在凸轮轴3的空腔2内。容积储存器1具有壳体4、构造为活塞5的分隔元件5以及弹簧元件6。活塞5构造为薄壁的、呈杯形的片材构件，并且可轴向推移地支承在壳体4内。在此，活塞5将壳体4的内部分成储备腔7和补偿腔8。壳体4大致上呈空心圆柱状地在每个轴向端面上构造有各一个开口9，其中，壳体4在其轴向端部11处径向向内延伸。在补偿腔8中布置有弹簧元件6，弹簧元件6在一侧支撑在活塞5的背对储备腔7的侧上，并且在另一侧支撑在壳体4的径向向内延伸的区域处。
在内燃机的运行期间，经由压力介质管路10和储备腔侧的开口9给储备腔7输送压力介质，并且因此逆着弹簧元件6的力推移活塞5。在此，储备腔7的容积以牺牲补偿腔8的容积为代价得到增加。如果由消耗器-例如凸轮轴调节器所需要的压力介质容积超过由压力介质泵所输送的压力介质容积的话，活塞5基于由弹簧元件6施加到其上的力沿相反的方向被推移，并且因此给压力介质管路10输送来自储备腔7的压力介质。
壳体4的轴向端部11分别贴靠在锥形的支承面12处(图2和3)，由此，壳体4相对于空腔2的纵轴线被对中心。因为大致上呈空心圆柱状地构造的壳体4的外直径小于凸轮轴3的空腔2的侧表面的内直径地构造，所以壳体4不贴靠在空腔2的侧表面的位置上。因此不存在如下危险，即，壳体4在空腔2中的定位期间由于在其侧表面上的不平坦性而发生变形。由此确保的是：活塞5在壳体4内不被卡住，而是可被平稳地推移。因此取消凸轮轴3的空腔2的侧表面的成本很高的而且很耗时的切削式后处理。壳体4的内侧表面可通过相应的制造方法针对对于活塞5的最佳的运行面提出的要求而成本适中地来制造。在此可利用无切削的制造方法(例如深冲方法)，通过其自动地制造相应品质的面。
在示出的实施方式中，壳体4的储备腔侧的端部贴靠在旋转对称的、锥形的支承面12上，该锥形的支承面直接构造在凸轮轴3的空腔2的侧表面上(图2)。锥形的支承面12构造在空腔2的内侧表面上，并且壳体4的轴向端部11嵌接到内圆锥的区域中。
壳体4的另一轴向端部11贴靠在构件13的锥形的支承面12上，构件13独立于容积储存器1和凸轮轴3地制成，并且额外地借助于压配合与凸轮轴3的空腔2的内侧表面相连接(图3)。锥形的支承面12构造在构件13的内侧表面上，并且壳体4的轴向端部11嵌接到内圆锥的区域中。构件13具有中心穿通开口14，补偿腔8经由中心穿通开口14与内燃机的内部相连通。因此，补偿腔8可被排气，并且压力介质可从补偿腔8中排出。
图4示出了根据本发明的第二容积储存器1的部分纵剖面，该第二容积储存器1布置在凸轮轴3的空腔2中。在此，仅示出了补偿腔8的区域。有别于第一实施方式地，额外地设置有引导元件15，引导元件15在径向上支持弹簧元件6，并且弹簧元件6在轴向上支撑在该引导元件15上。引导元件15具有轴向的排气通道16，排气通道16与穿通开口14以及在其中容纳有弹簧元件6的腔相连通。
此外，单独的构件13的锥形的支承面12构造在构件13的外侧表面上，其中，由此形成的外圆锥嵌接到壳体4中。在该实施方式中，贴靠于锥形的支承面12上的不是壳体4而是引导元件15，引导元件15朝向锥形的支承面12的方向在后方嵌接壳体。因此，在轴向上，引导元件15贴靠在锥形的支承面12上，并且壳体4贴靠在引导元件15处，由此，引导元件15被对中心地固定在凸轮轴3内。
附图标记
1         容积储存器
2         空腔
3         凸轮轴
4         壳体
5         分隔元件/活塞
6         弹簧元件
7         储备腔
8         补偿腔
9         开口
10        压力介质管路
11        轴向端部
12        锥形的支承面
13        构件
14        穿通开口
15        引导元件
16        排气通道

Claims (7)

1.容积储存器(1)，具有：大致上呈空心圆柱状地构造的壳体(4)和能推移地布置在所述壳体(4)内的分隔元件(5)，
-其中，所述壳体(4)不能推移地布置在凸轮轴(3)的空腔(2)内，
-其特征在于，所述容积储存器(1)的轴向端部(11)分别贴靠在布置于所述空腔(2)内的锥形的支承面(12)上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的容积储存器(1)，其特征在于，所述锥形的支承面(12)中的一个构造在所述空腔(2)的侧表面上。
3.根据权利要求1所述的容积储存器(1)，其特征在于，所述锥形的支承面(12)中的至少一个构造在单独的构件(13)上，所述单独的构件(13)牢固地固定在所述凸轮轴(3)上。
4.根据权利要求3所述的容积储存器(1)，其特征在于，所述锥形的支承面(12)构造在所述单独的构件(13)的外侧表面上，并且嵌接到所述壳体(4)中。
5.根据权利要求3所述的容积储存器(1)，其特征在于，所述锥形的支承面(12)构造在所述单独的构件(13)的内侧表面上，所述壳体(4)嵌接到所述单独的构件中。
6.根据权利要求3所述的容积储存器(1)，其特征在于，所述单独的构件(13)力锁合地、形状锁合地或材料锁合地与所述空腔(2)的侧表面连接。
7.根据权利要求1所述的容积储存器(1)，其特征在于，所述空腔(2)的内直径大于所述壳体(4)的外直径地构造。
CN201080034243.7A 2009-08-01 2010-06-24 容积储存器 Expired - Fee Related CN102472128B (zh)

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US9222377B2 (en) 2015-12-29
US20120125272A1 (en) 2012-05-24
WO2011020636A1 (de) 2011-02-24
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CN102472128B (zh) 2016-08-03
EP2459851B1 (de) 2015-08-26

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