CN102369332A - 带有弯曲构件的挠性接头结构 - Google Patents
带有弯曲构件的挠性接头结构 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102369332A CN102369332A CN2009801578586A CN200980157858A CN102369332A CN 102369332 A CN102369332 A CN 102369332A CN 2009801578586 A CN2009801578586 A CN 2009801578586A CN 200980157858 A CN200980157858 A CN 200980157858A CN 102369332 A CN102369332 A CN 102369332A
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- bent member
- base
- flexible coupling
- wrapping surface
- rotation
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- A61F2002/30904—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves serrated profile, i.e. saw-toothed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/44—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
- A61F2/442—Intervertebral or spinal discs, e.g. resilient
- A61F2/4425—Intervertebral or spinal discs, e.g. resilient made of articulated components
- A61F2002/443—Intervertebral or spinal discs, e.g. resilient made of articulated components having two transversal endplates and at least one intermediate component
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/44—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
- A61F2002/448—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs comprising multiple adjacent spinal implants within the same intervertebral space or within the same vertebra, e.g. comprising two adjacent spinal implants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2220/00—Fixations or connections for prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2220/0025—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
- Y10T403/45—Flexibly connected rigid members
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
- Y10T403/54—Flexible member is joint component
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- Public Health (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Supporting Of Heads In Record-Carrier Devices (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
- Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)
- Springs (AREA)
Abstract
改进的挠性接头装置,采用至少一个与包卷面形成界面的弯曲构件,所述包卷面界定在所述弯曲构件的端部与之相连接的多个底座上。所述弯曲构件配置为界定出行进的瞬时旋转轴,随着所述底座相对移动,所述行进的瞬时旋转轴沿由所述弯曲构件与所述包卷面的界面所界定之路径移动。所述弯曲构件与所述底座可由整体材料构成。所述底座的包卷面的截面形状对称。所述行进的瞬时旋转轴的曲率半径配置为仅以离散量化阶梯变化而没有反向。其它实施例中,所述挠性接头结构配置为一或多个三条连接件,其中中间条较为刚性而两个外侧条为根据本发明多种实施例的弯曲构件。
Description
优先权
本申请要求申请于2008年12月31日的第61/142,104号美国临时申请以及申请于2009年12月30日的第61/291,203号美国临时申请的优先权权益,通过引用的方式全文合并在此。
技术领域
本发明涉及接头结构或者连接件装置。更具体地,本发明涉及包括至少一个弯曲构件的挠性接头装置,所述弯曲构件与包卷面形成界面,所述包卷面界定在所述弯曲构件的端部与之相连接的底座上。
背景技术
许多装置使用接头结构来使得装置的一个部件相对于装置的另一部件移动,诸如在收缩形态与扩张形态之间移动,从一个位置旋转到另一个位置,合作进行更复杂的操控。接头结构可设计为在不同形态或位置之间重复无限循环次或有限循环次的移动,或者可设计为在不同形态或位置之间仅移动一次或者移动有限次数。
构造接头结构的一个方法是利用多个部件,其中一个部件通过接头的多个组件之间的滑动接触而相对于其它部件旋转,诸如球窝接头或销加U型夹接头。这些接头存在着诸多问题。利用多部件接头的结构也受“死区”之类问题的困扰,所谓“死区”系指结构的一端处的移动并不与其它端相连通,直至该多部件接头中的余隙被填满。制造符合所要求公差的此类接头也较为困难并且成本较高。
鉴于刚性多部件接头的这些问题,如第3,386,128、4,869,552、5,133,108、5,196,587、及6,378,172号美国专利所描述的,已使用了由挠性材料的带子或片弹簧构成的接头结构。第6,175,989和6,772,479号美国专利描述了利用形状记忆合金材料的挠性接头。第7,435,032号美国专利描述一种回弹性接头,其通过将弯曲部的端部连接至限制所述弯曲构件之弯曲半径的腔室来限制该接头上的最大张力,以保证不超过该最大张力。弯曲构件连接两个独立的结构,并且实质上用作标准片弹簧,其储存用以将其移动至收缩形态的能量以返回至扩张形态。
现有挠性接头结构之设计的一个明显缺点是此类结构一般不支持压缩或拉伸形式的大负载,因此不适用于必须支持此类负载的装置。
发明内容
根据本发明多个实施例的挠性接头装置采用了至少一个与包卷面形成界面的弯曲构件,所述包卷面界定在所述弯曲构件的端部与之相连接的多个底座上。所述弯曲构件配置为界定出行进的瞬时旋转轴,随着所述底座相对移动,所述行进的瞬时旋转轴沿由所述弯曲构件与所述包卷面的界面所界定之路径移动。一实施例中,所述弯曲构件与所述底座由整体材料构成。另一实施例中,所述底座的包卷面的截面形状对称。其它实施例中,所述行进的瞬时旋转轴的曲率半径配置为仅以离散量化阶梯变化而没有反向。其它实施例中,所述挠性接头装置配置为一或多个三条连接件,其中中间条较为刚性而两个外侧条为根据本发明多种实施例的弯曲构件。
一实施例中,挠性接头装置包括底座、结构构件、弯曲构件,所述弯曲构件将所述结构构件连接至所述底座,所述底座、结构构件、及弯曲构件构成一件式整体单体。所述弯曲构件转动以允许所述结构构件相对于所述底座在压缩形态和扩张形态之间移动。所述底座及/或结构构件可界定出称为包卷面的表面,随着所述结构构件相对于所述底座从所述压缩形态移动至所述扩张形态,所述包卷面对所述弯曲构件的转动及/或包卷提供导向。多种实施例中,所述包卷面可为凹形,凸形,或平的。
另一实施例中,一种挠性接头装置包括上底座和下底座。所述上底座和下底座之间设有结构构件,并且弯曲构件将所述结构构件的两端连接至所述底座。所述弯曲构件配置为转动以使得所述结构构件扩张,以允许所述上底座与下底座在收缩形态和扩张形态之间相对移动。各所述弯曲构件界定出行进的瞬时旋转轴,随着所述上底座和下底座在所述压缩形态与所述扩张形态之间移动,所述行进的瞬时旋转轴沿所述弯曲构件与所述包卷面的界面移动,以使所述旋转轴在横穿所述旋转轴的平面内在不同的高度行进。
与包卷面的弯曲半径相关的弯曲构件厚度决定了弯曲构件的因移动导致的疲劳寿命。一些实施例中,所述弯曲构件可配置和设计为具有非常长的疲劳寿命。其它实施例中,所述弯曲构件可配置和设计为具有与预定范围内的最大扩张和收缩循环次数相关的有限疲劳寿命
本发明的上述内容并不意欲描述各个所述实施例或本发明的所有实施方式。这一发明内容代表本发明某些方面的简化概述,以帮助对本发明有基本的理解,并且不意欲表示本发明的关键或决定性的组成部分,或者界定本发明的范围。
附图说明
结合附图,参考下文本发明的多种实施例的详细描述,可更完整地理解本发明,其中:
图1为根据本发明实施例的挠性接头结构的部分侧视图;
图2A为根据本发明实施例的挠性接头结构的部分侧视图;
图2B为图2A的挠性接头结构的部分侧视图;
图2C为图2A的挠性接头结构的部分侧视图;
图3A为根据本发明实施例的挠性接头结构的部分侧视图;
图3B为图3A的挠性接头结构的部分侧视图;
图3C为图3A的挠性接头结构的部分侧视图;
图4A为根据本发明实施例的挠性接头结构的部分侧视图;
图4B为图4A的挠性接头结构的部分侧视图;
图4C为图4A的挠性接头结构的部分侧视图;
图5为根据本发明实施例的挠性接头结构的部分侧视图;
图6A为采用多个根据本发明实施例的挠性接头结构的装置的侧视图;
图6B为图6A装置的立体图;
图7A为采用多个根据本发明实施例的挠性接头结构的装置的侧视图;
图7B为图7A装置的立体图;
图8A为采用多个根据本发明的挠性接头结构的装置的立体图;
图8B为图8A装置的侧视图;
图9为圆形弯曲构件侧视图;
图10为椭圆形弯曲构件侧视图;
图11为片状弯曲构件侧视图。
尽管本发明可有多种修改及代替形式,本发明的具体特征已在附图中示出并且下文将予以详述。然而,应理解,并不意欲将本发明限制为所述的具体实施例。相反,意欲涵盖本发明的精神和范围之内的所有修改,等同物及代替物。
具体实施方式
在如下的本发明详细描述中,给出了许多具体细节,以便于对发明的完整理解。然而,本领域的技术人员应认识到,本发明可不以这些具体的细节来实施。某些情况下,未对公知的方法、过程及组件做详细描述,以免不必要地使得本发明的多种实施例所代表的方面变得模糊。
参考图1,示出了根据本发明实施例的弯曲接头或连接件100。弯曲连接件100包括弯曲构件102,其将结构构件104连接至底座106。弯曲构件102为薄的、大致平的带状材料,其允许结构构件104相对于底座106移动并且能够支撑连接件100上的负载。结构构件104、底座106、及弯曲构件102可形成为一件式整体单体(one piece unitary monolithic body)。弯曲构件102允许一件式连接件100的表现与具有多个部件和转销接头的装置的表现类似。例如,弯曲构件102可为带状弯曲构件(图1,2A~2C,3A~3C、及4A~4C),圆形弯曲构件(图9),椭圆形弯曲构件(图10),或片状弯曲构件(图11)。此外,此类弯曲构件102可沿其长度变细,或者可具有弧形的截面。
底座104可提供包卷面108,所述包卷面108在结构构件104与底座106相对着移动时对弯曲构件102的转动进行导向,并且能够提供对处于负载状态下的弯曲构件102的支撑。包卷面108可限定为这样的表面,即,其设定弯曲构件转动的整个离散部分的弯曲曲率半径。所示的实施例中,包卷面108示为凹形,或者向内弯曲。
图2A~2C示出了随着结构构件104相对于底座106扩张时,弯曲构件102的表现。弯曲构件102界定出包卷面108与弯曲构件102之间的第一开口区域(或切口)140a,以及结构构件104的内周界与弯曲构件102之间的第二切口140b。当结构构件104处于相对于底座106的收缩形态时,切口140a比切口140b宽。随着结构构件104从底座106开始扩张,弯曲构件102随着包卷面108的导向而变平,由此,切口140b变宽而切口140a变窄。弯曲构件102绕其偏转的支点由箭头144a和144b所示。支点144a和144b随着弯曲构件102的偏转而沿其移动。因此,支点144a和144b沿着水平方向和垂直方向这两个方向行进。这使得结构构件104相对于底座106有更大的扩张。随着支点144a和144b沿弯曲构件102移动,施加在连接件100上的压缩负载更多地由结构构件104支撑,并且,弯曲构件102上的拉伸力得以减小。因此,当结构构件104相对于底座104扩张到最大程度而使得负载垂直于所述包卷面时,本实施例的连接件100强度最大。
如图2A~2C所示,结构构件104的内周界142也起到弯曲构件102的包卷面的作用(结构构件104可认为是第二底座)。内周界142的包卷面与包卷面108相互对称。两个对称的包卷面使得接头的压缩更佳并且使得负载能力优化。随着弯曲构件102转动,弯曲构件102上任意点处的曲率半径由内周界包卷面142或包卷面108界定。支点144a和144b的左侧,所述曲率半径由包卷面108界定。支点144a和144b的右侧,所述曲率半径由内周界142界定。由此,在其整个转动过程中,弯曲构件102上的各个点可仅有两个或有限数量的离散的不同曲率半径,即,离散量化阶梯(discrete quantum step)曲率半径。这与例如第7,435,032号美国专利描述的弯曲接头不同,该弯曲接头的弯曲构件起到象片簧的作用,并且随着该接头的转动,在整个预定范围之内具有连续变化的曲率半径。此外,弯曲构件102所能经历的两个曲率半径只是度的问题;它们不在正曲率和负曲率之间转换从而经历曲率半径的反向,这会减小弯曲构件上的张力。
在图3A~3B所示的弯曲连接件实施例200中,底座204为弯曲构件202提供向外弯曲的包卷面208(与图1和2A~2C所示的向内弯曲相反)。随着结构构件204相对于底座206扩张,弯曲构件202绕包卷面208弯曲。在图3A所示的收缩状态下,弯曲构件202平行于结构构件204的内表面包卷面242。随着结构构件204相对于底座206扩张,弯曲构件202绕包卷面208弯曲,使得切口240b变宽而切口240a变窄。如箭头244a和244b所示,随着装置撑开,支点沿着弯曲构件202的长度移动(沿水平方向和垂直方向这两个方向)。支点244a和244b总是垂直于结构构件204的内表面242。这使得连接件200上的全部负载都以压缩形式由结构构件204承受。因此,弯曲构件202上不存在拉伸力。这允许弯曲构件202的尺寸可容易地设定为享有基本无限的疲劳寿命。本实施例允许连接件由诸如镍钛诺之类的材料构成,其在具有大尺寸时可提供强压缩支撑,但同一材料构成的较细的部件在拉伸或弯曲时容易扭曲。类似于弯曲构件102,随着弯曲构件转动,沿弯曲构件202,支点244a和244b左侧的点具有由包卷面208界定的曲率半径,而支点244a和244b右侧的点具有由内周包卷面242界定的曲率半径。
图4A~4C示出了另一弯曲连接件的实施例300。底座306上的包卷面308是平的。弯曲构件302开始时是绕结构构件204的内表面342弯曲,并且随着装置撑开而变平,藉此使得切口340b变宽而切口340a变窄。随着结构构件304相对于底座306扩张,支点344a和344b也是沿着弯曲构件302移动,从而进一步地扩张。随着结构构件304相对于底座306扩张,连接件300上的全部负载,由结构构件304以压缩形式支撑的负载变多而由处于拉伸状态下弯曲构件302支撑的负载变少。沿弯曲构件302,支点344a和344b左侧的点具有由包卷面308界定的曲率半径,而支点344a和344b右侧的点具有由内周包卷面342界定的曲率半径。
如上图所示,当结构构件相对于底座完全扩张时,弯曲构件的至少一部分抵靠着底座的包卷面。由此,在过渡状态,结构构件上的任何压缩负载的一部分可由底座支撑,或者,可完全抵靠在345上而使得弯曲构件上没有任何负载。或者,可这样构造连接件,即,弯曲构件的任何一部分都不抵靠底座,因此,连接件上的全部负载都由弯曲构件承载。
与包卷面的弯曲半径相关的弯曲构件厚度决定了弯曲构件因运动导致疲劳寿命。一些实施例中,弯曲构件可构造和设计为具有非常长的疲劳寿命。一实施例中,由镍钛诺制成的、弯曲构件的厚度优选为包卷面弯曲半径的8%~10%,最大厚度为18%的装置具有无限的疲劳寿命。另一实施例中,由PEEK制成的弯曲构件的厚度最好为所述弯曲半径的4.5%~6.4%,最大厚度为15%。再一实施例中,由退火钛构成的弯曲构件的厚度最高可为弯曲半径的18%。其它实施例中,弯曲构件可构造和设计为具有与预定范围的最大扩张和收缩循环次数相关的有限疲劳寿命。
弯曲构件可呈现出塑性(定义为永久变形),或者弹性(基本上为无限的寿命)。若弯曲构件厚度与弯曲半径之比超过形成弯曲构件的材料屈服前的伸长率,弯曲构件显示出塑性。若弯曲构件厚度与弯曲半径之比小于所述材料屈服前的伸长率,弯曲构件显示出弹性。在弯曲构件弹性地起作用时,其可用于需要重复复位的装置。若弯曲构件配置为塑性地起作用时,则其可无限期地支撑增大的负载,但应将其留在预定位置,或者不使其复位超过预定次数。
参考图5,根据本发明实施例的弯曲连接件400可包括位于结构构件404两端的每一端的弯曲构件402,从将结构构件404连接至上底座406和下底座407。这一构造实质上形成位于底座406和407之间的三条连接件,其中端部条(弯曲构件402)为挠性,中间条(结构构件404)为刚性。弯曲连接件400可用于使得上底座406和下底座407相互分开。因此,弯曲连接件400包括两根沿各弯曲构件402移动的瞬时旋转轴,如前文对于支点的描述,随着所述联接装置扩张,弯曲构件沿着所述支点弯曲。所述两根旋转轴相互为镜像,并且在同一个横穿所述轴的平面内以不同的高度行进。尽管弯曲连接件400描述为具有向外弯曲的包卷面408,但在其两端设有弯曲构件402的弯曲连接件可包括任意其它形态的包卷面。一些实施例中,上底座406上的包卷面408和下底座407上的包卷面408的几何形状不同。
如图6A~6B及7A~7B所示装置401可包括多个弯曲连接件400。多个弯曲连接件400可在底座406和407之间竖向连接并且/或者沿底座406和407的长度方向排列成行。如图8A~8B所示,弯曲连接件400还可设为沿底座406和407的宽度并排设置。此种装置401可包括块414,其用作由竖向相邻的弯曲连接件400的共用底座。块414上可形成内螺纹以容纳扩张机构,诸如可用于使弯曲连接件400扩张并且将底座306和407撑开的传动螺杆418。
与许多常见的剪式千斤顶(例如汽车千斤顶)不同,装置401可容易地从其最低的状态(或最压缩的状态)撑开。这是因为给定的结构构件404的两个端部处的弯曲构件402被定向为使得弯曲构件402上的拉伸负载不相互作用,而是像交汇的汽车一样相互从旁边经过(见图8中的箭头A和箭头B)。不利用弯曲构件的常用千斤顶难以从最低状态撑开,这是因为拉伸负载可相互“迎面”作用,从而使得装置处于很强的内水平压缩之下,在最低状态时竖直方向没有有效力分量可容易地使得扩撑开始。支撑压缩负载所需的弯曲构件中的拉伸力等于压缩负载乘以刚性连接角的余弦并且除以刚性连接的正弦。因为零度(普通剪式千斤顶的压缩状态下的角位置)的正弦等于零,使得扩撑起动所需的力实际上会变得非常大。本发明多个实施例的刚性连接可在零角度位置处起动,但由于弯曲构件位于刚性连接的相对侧,因此实际角位置不为零,使得起动扩撑所需的力是有限的,并且一般小于现有剪式千斤顶的所需的力。
尽管本文描述的弯曲构件大致是平的,但弯曲构件可有多种其它形状。例如,弯曲构件可具有弓形构造。弯曲构件还可包括从一或多个表面向外凸出的边缘或脊状物。此外,弯曲构件可沿其宽度弯曲,从而形成奇点(singularity)或偏斜(bias),这可能使得它们具有这样的一个或多个位置,即,在所述位置上,弯曲构件倾斜以在整个正常运动范围内驻留。
一些实施例中,根据本发明实施例的挠性接头结构和采用挠性接头结构的装置可包括一件式整体单体。较之需要单独制造并且装配的多部件的装置,成本降低很多。一实施例中,使用线EDM或液中EDM制造所述装置。另一实施例中,可使用三维打印技术等制造所述装置。一些实施例中,挠性接头结构和装置的一些部分,诸如弯曲构件、块、及挡块等,例如可独立加工,并且焊接或利用其它方式附接至所述装置。
本文所揭露的挠性接头结构以及采用所述挠性接头结构的装置可构造为多种尺寸,包括宏观尺寸、微观尺寸、及纳米尺寸应用。一实施例中,宏观尺度的弯曲构件可由与结构的其余部分不同的材料制得,或经与结构的其余部分不同的材料处理制得,然后通过焊接,粘合剂,或机械紧固件附接至适当位置。一些实施例中,弯曲构件可构造为嵌套几何形状。可对制成弯曲构件的材料进行冷轧以增进其疲劳特性,任何安装到所述装置中。
另一实施例中,宏观尺度的弯曲构件可为带有刚性材料芯,较软材料芯,或无材料芯的叠层条。这种对弯曲构件本身的叠层和材料变化可对弯曲构件及采用弯曲构件的装置的强度及疲劳特性进行精确控制。具体地,具有软芯的或完全不带有芯的叠层条使得弯曲构件随着进一步绕着支撑结构弯曲而变得更薄,将弯曲构件的操作保持在制造弯曲构件之材料的弹性区域中。
另一实施例中,在宏观尺度的装置中,弯曲构件靠着滚动的表面可加工并且附接为,当处于未负载状态下,瞬时旋转中心处的有效切口实际为零。由于这样可使得弯曲构件和结构的局部应力为最小,从而得到强度更大的装置,能够有更长的疲劳寿命,因此是有利的。
宏观尺度的弯曲构件亦可是相同或不同的材料形成的多层形式,这样,若一层破裂,则破裂不会传递到下一层。
在微观尺度上,可利用多层法制造弯曲构件,所述多层法使得弯曲构件的不同层面的掺有不同的材料,以不同程度地加强弯曲构件的强度和疲劳特性。例如,若使用烧结,Ti 6Al 4V标准可用作弯曲构件的主体,而Ti 6Al 4V ELI可用以形成表面部分,这是由于钛的标准形式已具有改进的平滑疲劳特性并且钛的ELI形式具有改进的凹口疲劳特性。
在纳米尺度上,亦可用许多类似的掺杂或材料控制特性。此外,可使用离子嵌入,以移动块而使之相互更靠近或离得更远,从而形成可化学致动的装置、传感器、或阀。
在所有的尺度中,弯曲构件本身可以被重复、形成镜像、复合、转动、挤压、或绕转,以形成更多新的结构或弯曲构件。
本文描述了***、装置、及方法的多种实施例。这些实施例仅以示例的方式给出,并且不意欲限制本发明的范围。而且应理解,业已描述的实施例的多种特征可以多种方式组合以产生多个附加的实施例。此外,尽管描述了可用于所述实施例的多种材料、尺寸、形状等,但还可利用之外的其它材料、尺寸、及形状,而不脱离本发明的范围。
Claims (16)
1.一种挠性接头,包括:
底座;
结构构件;
弯曲构件,其将所述结构构件连接至所述底座,所述弯曲构件的转动使得所述结构构件相对于所述底座移动,其中所述底座、结构构件、及弯曲构件形成为一件式整体单体;及
界定在所述底座中的包卷面,所述包卷面为所述弯曲构件的转动提供导向,所述弯曲构件界定出行进的瞬时旋转轴,所述行进的瞬时旋转轴沿由所述弯曲构件与所述包卷面的界面所界定之路径移动,所述路径的曲率半径仅以离散量化阶梯变化而没有反向。
2.如权利要求1所述的挠性接头,其中所述包卷面的截面形状为凹形、凸形、或平的。
3.如权利要求1所述的挠性接头,其中所述弯曲构件选自:带状弯曲构件、圆形弯曲构件、椭圆形弯曲构件、及片状弯曲构件。
4.如权利要求1所述的挠性接头,其中所述弯曲构件弹性地转动。
5.如权利要求1所述的挠性接头,其中所述弯曲构件塑性地转动。
6.一种挠性接头,包括
上底座和下底座;
设在所述上底座和下底座之间的结构构件;及
一对弯曲构件,各弯曲构件将所述结构构件连接至所述上底座和下底座中的一个,所述弯曲构件配置为使得所述结构构件转动以使得所述上底座与下底座相对地张开,其中各所述弯曲构件界定出行进的瞬时旋转轴,随着所述上底座和下底座相对移动,所述行进的瞬时旋转轴沿所述弯曲构件移动,以使各弯曲构件的所述旋转轴在横穿所述旋转轴的平面内以不同的高度行进。
7.如权利要求6所述的挠性接头,其中所述上底座和下底座中的至少一个界定出对所述弯曲构件的转动提供导向的包卷面,并且随着所述上底座和下底座相对移动,界定出附接至上底座和下底座中的所述至少一个的所述弯曲构件的至少一部分的曲率半径。
8.如权利要求7所述的挠性接头,其中所述包卷面的截面形状为凹形、凸形、或平的。
9.如权利要求6所述的挠性接头,其中所述弯曲构件选自:带状弯曲构件、圆形弯曲构件、椭圆形弯曲构件、及片状弯曲构件。
10.如权利要求6所述的挠性接头,其中所述上底座和下底座各自界定出的包卷面具有不同的几何形状。
11.一种挠性接头装置,包括
通过弯曲构件相互连接的第一底座和第二底座,所述弯曲构件转动以允许所述第一底座和第二底座相对移动;及
分别界定在所述第一和第二底座中的包卷面,各所述包卷面为所述弯曲构件的转动提供导向,并且随着所述弯曲构件转动,界定出所述弯曲构件的至少一部分的曲率半径,其中由所述第一底座所界定之包卷面和由所述第二底座所界定之包卷面相互对称。
12.如权利要求11所述的挠性接头装置,其中随着所述弯曲构件转动,沿所述弯曲构件的一或多个部分的曲率半径从由所述第一底座的包卷面所界定之第一曲率半径过渡至由所述第二底座的包卷面所界定之第二曲率半径。
13.如权利要求11所述的挠性接头装置,其中随着所述弯曲构件转动,沿所述弯曲构件的各点处的曲率半径仅由所述第一底座的包卷面所界定之第一曲率半径界定出,或仅由所述第二底座的包卷面所界定之第二曲率半径界定出。
14.如权利要求11所述的挠性接头装置,其中所述弯曲构件的行进的旋转轴沿由所述弯曲构件与所述第一和第二底座的包卷面的界面所界定之路径移动。
15.如权利要求14所述的挠性接头装置,其中,在所述弯曲构件转动期间,所述弯曲构件的位于所述弯曲构件的行进旋转轴一侧的所有部分在任意指定点具有由所述第一底座所界定之第一曲率半径,且所述弯曲构件的位于所述弯曲构件的行进旋转轴相对侧的所有部分在任意指定点具有由所述第二底座所界定之第二曲率半径。
16.如权利要求12所述的挠性接头装置,其中所述第一曲率半径和第二曲率半径都界定出正曲率或负曲率。
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2009
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- 2009-12-31 CN CN200980157858.6A patent/CN102369332B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2013
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CN105636555A (zh) * | 2013-08-29 | 2016-06-01 | 安德鲁·罗杰斯 | 可膨胀且可调整的脊柱前凸中间体融合*** |
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US11452614B2 (en) | 2013-08-29 | 2022-09-27 | Adcura, Inc. | Expandable and adjustable lordosis interbody fusion system |
CN109937013A (zh) * | 2016-09-14 | 2019-06-25 | 直观外科手术操作公司 | 具有交叉轴线挠曲枢轴的关节组件 |
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US12042164B2 (en) | 2016-09-14 | 2024-07-23 | Intuitive Surgical Operations, Inc. | Joint assemblies with cross-axis flexural pivots |
US11446161B2 (en) | 2019-08-15 | 2022-09-20 | Adcura, Inc. | Translating dual axis adjustable interbody fusion spinal system |
US11660205B2 (en) | 2019-08-15 | 2023-05-30 | Adcura, Inc. | Dual-axis adjustable spinal systems and interbody fusion devices with fixation |
US11648132B2 (en) | 2019-09-24 | 2023-05-16 | Adcura, Inc | Surgical instrument for operating spinal implant system with dual axis adjustability and method of operating same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20150272745A1 (en) | 2015-10-01 |
WO2010078520A8 (en) | 2011-08-11 |
WO2010078520A3 (en) | 2011-01-20 |
US8523944B2 (en) | 2013-09-03 |
WO2010078520A2 (en) | 2010-07-08 |
US20130317615A1 (en) | 2013-11-28 |
US20100185291A1 (en) | 2010-07-22 |
JP2012514703A (ja) | 2012-06-28 |
US20100209184A1 (en) | 2010-08-19 |
EP2376730A2 (en) | 2011-10-19 |
US20140140757A1 (en) | 2014-05-22 |
US20160377113A1 (en) | 2016-12-29 |
US9381092B2 (en) | 2016-07-05 |
CN102369332B (zh) | 2014-07-02 |
US8540452B2 (en) | 2013-09-24 |
US10060469B2 (en) | 2018-08-28 |
US9445917B2 (en) | 2016-09-20 |
US8906100B2 (en) | 2014-12-09 |
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