CN102369134A - 海上风机的安装方法及回收方法 - Google Patents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/003—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for for transporting very large loads, e.g. offshore structure modules
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B77/00—Transporting or installing offshore structures on site using buoyancy forces, e.g. using semi-submersible barges, ballasting the structure or transporting of oil-and-gas platforms
- B63B77/10—Transporting or installing offshore structures on site using buoyancy forces, e.g. using semi-submersible barges, ballasting the structure or transporting of oil-and-gas platforms specially adapted for electric power plants, e.g. wind turbines or tidal turbine generators
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
- E02B17/02—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor placed by lowering the supporting construction to the bottom, e.g. with subsequent fixing thereto
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
- E02B17/04—Equipment specially adapted for raising, lowering, or immobilising the working platform relative to the supporting construction
- E02B17/08—Equipment specially adapted for raising, lowering, or immobilising the working platform relative to the supporting construction for raising or lowering
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
- F03D13/10—Assembly of wind motors; Arrangements for erecting wind motors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
- F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
- F03D13/22—Foundations specially adapted for wind motors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
- F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
- F03D13/25—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors specially adapted for offshore installation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
- F03D13/40—Arrangements or methods specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
- B63B2035/4433—Floating structures carrying electric power plants
- B63B2035/446—Floating structures carrying electric power plants for converting wind energy into electric energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
- F05B2240/95—Mounting on supporting structures or systems offshore
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/727—Offshore wind turbines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
- Y02T70/10—Measures concerning design or construction of watercraft hulls
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims (16)
- 权利要求1. 海上风机的安装方法, 其特征在于其包括以下步骤:预制基础步骤, 其包括制造基础, 所述基础包括多个舱体, 所述多个 舱体提供了整体的漂浮力及扶正力,使整体结构在不依靠外力的情况下保 持垂直状态;码头安装步骤,其包括将基础下水,在码头将塔柱及风机机组安装在 所述基础上组装成整机, 并完成整机状态下的调试;运输步骤,其包括通过固定***将所述整机固定到安装船,在所述基 础内注入空气的情况下,所述整机漂浮在水上,通过安装船把整机运输到 海上现场,在所述基础和船体分别设置纵摇和横摇感应器,安装船运输整 机的过程中通过控制***调整船体压载;海上安装步骤,其包括在海上现场释放固定***,释放所述基础内空 气, 通过重力沉放整机到海床, 固定基础完成安装。
- 2. 权利要求 1所述的方法, 其中, 所述运输步骤包括通过吊机起吊 整机到设计高度, 通过固定***固定上部塔柱。
- 3. 权利要求 1所述的方法, 其中, 所述预制基础步骤包括预先勘探 海上现场确定安装要求, 根据安装要求将基础设计为圆形或多边形结构, 在陆地预制场制造所述基础, 然后进行结构测试并检验合格。
- 4. 权利要求 1所述的方法, 其中, 所述多个舱体包括至少一个中舱 及多个边舱,所述多个边舱比所述至少一个中舱更远离所述基础的几何中 心, 在所述基础下水后, 通过所述至少一个中舱提供主要浮力, 通过所述 边舱提供扶正力以控制基础及在基础上安装的物体的平稳漂浮。
- 5. 权利要求 3所述的方法, 其中, 所述根据海上现场安装要求设计 基础包括设计使整机的重心高度与基础直径或者多边形跨距的比值不大 于 0. 3, 所述基础的直径不小于 20米。
- 6. 权利要求 1所述的方法, 其中, 所述码头安装步骤包括在将预制 完成的基础下水后,在基础的舱体中注入压缩空气,利用基础自身的浮力 与扶正结构起浮, 用拖轮拖运到安装码头并固定。
- 7. 权利要求 6所述的方法, 其中, 所述码头安装步骤包括利用岸基 吊机依次在基础上吊装塔柱、叶片及风机头, 完成风机总装和风机机组带 电调试。
- 8. 权利要求 1所述的方法, 其中, 所述运输步骤包括将整机转运到 风机安装船, 吊机起吊整机到预先设计的高度, 固定上部塔柱。
- 9. 权利要求 1所述的方法, 其中, 所述运输步骤包括通过所述安装 船运输风机起运, 利用拖轮运输至现场。
- 10. 权利要求 1 所述的方法, 其中, 所述海上安装步骤包括释放固 定***, 通过吊机放下整机, 开启放气阀门从所述基础的枪体释放空气, 通过重力沉放所述整机到海床。
- 11. 权利要求 1 所述的方法, 其中, 所述运输步骤包括通过定位系 统监测整机与船体的相对位移,利用船体与整机之间的牵引***,确保纵 向的垂直度。
- 12. 权利要求 1 所述的方法, 其中, 所述海上安装步骤包括通过定 位***实现精确定位,并采用锚定、动力定位等手段固定所述整机的位置。
- 13. 权利要求 1 所述的方法, 其中, 所述沉放整机到海床的方法选 自由重力沉放法、 破土沉放法及负压沉放法组成的集合。14.. 权利要求 1 所述的方法, 其中, 所述海上安装步骤包括通过负 压地基处理和 /或重力压载地基处理方式使土壤承载力达到设计要求。
- 15. 权利要求 1 所述的方法, 其中, 所述海上安装步骤包括将基础 调平至设计要求。
- 16. 海上风机的回收方法, 其特征在于其包括以下步骤:海上起浮步骤,其包括通过向基础内部注入压缩空气提供基础上升浮 力,通过安装船固定***扶正风机整机避免倾覆, 完成基础起浮后将风机 整机固定到安装船;运输步骤,其包括在通过固定***将所述风机整机固定到安装船, 并 保持在所述基础内注入空气使所述风机整机漂浮在水上的情况下,通过安 装船把风机整机运输离开海上现场,在所述基础和船体分别设置纵摇和横 摇感应器, 安装船运输风机整机的过程中通过控制***调整船体压载; 码头作业步骤, 其包括在码头对风机进行维修或者拆卸处理。
- 17. 权利要求 16所述的方法, 其中, 所述海上起浮步骤包括注入高 压水使基础从海床松动。
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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PCT/CN2010/001033 WO2011097778A1 (zh) | 2010-07-12 | 2010-07-12 | 海上风机的安装方法及回收方法 |
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CN102369134A true CN102369134A (zh) | 2012-03-07 |
CN102369134B CN102369134B (zh) | 2014-01-01 |
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US (1) | US9004819B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2428443B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN102369134B (zh) |
DK (1) | DK2428443T3 (zh) |
HK (1) | HK1167847A1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2011097778A1 (zh) |
Cited By (5)
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CN108032062A (zh) * | 2018-01-08 | 2018-05-15 | 大连理工大学 | 一种基于***的海上单桩风机的整体拆卸装置与方法 |
CN112814015A (zh) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-05-18 | 大连理工大学 | 一种多桩基础和浮式风机的组合结构体系及单船安装方法 |
CN112814014A (zh) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-05-18 | 大连理工大学 | 一种单桩基础和浮式风机的组合结构体系及双船安装方法 |
CN113184117A (zh) * | 2021-05-01 | 2021-07-30 | 天津大学 | 一种新型Spar式风机整机浮运方法 |
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CN108032062A (zh) * | 2018-01-08 | 2018-05-15 | 大连理工大学 | 一种基于***的海上单桩风机的整体拆卸装置与方法 |
CN108032062B (zh) * | 2018-01-08 | 2023-08-18 | 大连理工大学 | 一种基于***的海上单桩风机的整体拆卸装置与方法 |
CN113906183A (zh) * | 2019-04-05 | 2022-01-07 | 埃斯特科股份公司 | 安装海上风力发电机塔架的方法 |
CN112814015A (zh) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-05-18 | 大连理工大学 | 一种多桩基础和浮式风机的组合结构体系及单船安装方法 |
CN112814014A (zh) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-05-18 | 大连理工大学 | 一种单桩基础和浮式风机的组合结构体系及双船安装方法 |
CN112814014B (zh) * | 2021-01-12 | 2024-05-28 | 大连理工大学 | 一种单桩基础和浮式风机的组合结构体系及双船安装方法 |
CN112814015B (zh) * | 2021-01-12 | 2024-05-28 | 大连理工大学 | 一种多桩基础和浮式风机的组合结构体系及单船安装方法 |
CN113184117A (zh) * | 2021-05-01 | 2021-07-30 | 天津大学 | 一种新型Spar式风机整机浮运方法 |
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US9004819B2 (en) | 2015-04-14 |
HK1167847A1 (zh) | 2012-12-14 |
WO2011097778A1 (zh) | 2011-08-18 |
EP2428443A1 (en) | 2012-03-14 |
EP2428443B1 (en) | 2015-01-14 |
CN102369134B (zh) | 2014-01-01 |
DK2428443T3 (da) | 2015-03-02 |
EP2428443A4 (en) | 2013-01-16 |
US20130121770A1 (en) | 2013-05-16 |
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