CN102338052A - Solar energy hot air power generation system - Google Patents
Solar energy hot air power generation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102338052A CN102338052A CN2011102895652A CN201110289565A CN102338052A CN 102338052 A CN102338052 A CN 102338052A CN 2011102895652 A CN2011102895652 A CN 2011102895652A CN 201110289565 A CN201110289565 A CN 201110289565A CN 102338052 A CN102338052 A CN 102338052A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
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Abstract
The invention discloses a solar energy hot air power generation system which comprises a chimney, an anemograph, a temperature meter, residual heat recycling pipes, a phase-change heat-storage material layer, a turbine generator set and a heat collecting shed, wherein the heat collecting shed is built on the ground, the phase-change heat-storage material layer is spread on the bottom of the heat collecting shed, the chimney is arranged at the center of the heat collecting shed, the turbine generator set is arranged at a junction of the chimney and the heat collecting shed, the anemograph and the temperature meter are fixed in the chimney, one ends of the residual heat recycling pipes are communicated with the top of the chimney, and the other ends of the residual heat recycling pipes are communicated with the heat collecting shed. A phase-change material is adopted as a heat-storage material for replacing the traditional soil, the solar energy hot air power generation system realizes the effects of increasing storage heat in daytime and prolonging heat discharge time at night, thus the power generation efficiency of the solar energy hot air power generation system is finally increased. A nano film layer is formed on the surface of glass at the top of the heat collecting shed, thus the surface of the glass has a self-cleaning function to ensure that the solar energy hot air power generation system is not influenced by pollutants such as dust and the like in air, the absorption efficiency of the heat collecting shed to light rays is increased, and the power generation efficiency of the system is greatly increased.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to application of solar, relate in particular to a kind of environmental protection electricity generating device of renewable green energy resource.
Background technique
Solar energy is a kind of inexhaustible, nexhaustible novel renewable energy, and what the world energy sources reserves were maximum is solar energy, in regenerated resources, accounts for 99.44%.The radiation energy that the every 15min of the sun reaches earth surface just can satisfy the electricity needs in 1 year in the whole world, and the instant additional energy of being badly in need of in the recent period of the solar energy of " cleaning " is again the basis of future source of energy structure.
China is located in the east of Eurasia, the northern hemisphere, belongs to one of abundant country of solar energy resources.Data according to more than 700 the meteorological station long-term observation accumulation in the whole nation shows that solar radiation annual amount all over China is roughly 3.35 * 10
3-8.40 * 10
3Mj/m
2
What of total solar radiation amount the area that solar irradiance is good just accept according to various places, can the whole nation be divided into five types of areas.Ground such as these areas comprise that Ningxia is northern, Gansu is northern, east, Xinjiang, western part, Qinghai and western part, Tibet.Especially the abundantest with western part, Tibet, be up to 2333 KWh/ m
2Xinjiang is northern.Jiangxi is also good, belongs to three types, and from the whole nation, China is the quite abundant country of solar energy resources, and most regional annual mean day, radiant quantity was at 4kWh/m
2More than it, Tibet is up to 7kWh/m
2
The solar chimney generation technology is integrated application greenhouse effect technology, chimney is technological and the wind turbine generation technology in the solar electrical energy generation new technology of one, be to realize large-scale development and a kind of new approach that utilizes solar energy.The distribution in the velocity field of air-flow and temperature field has very big influence to the output power of the transformation of energy in the system, turbine rotor in the solar chimney system.
The solar heat air-flow generation technology has the advantages such as environmental effect that equipment operation is simple, operating cost is low, good, and it will become one of human important means that solves energy problem.
With traditional generation mode ratio, characteristics such as that novel solar energy hot gas flow generating system has is simple in structure, the operation parts are few, easy to maintenance, operation cost is cheap, non-environmental-pollution and life cycle are long.Simultaneously, compare with solar photovoltaic generation system, solar energy hot gas flow generating system also has following characteristics:
1, stable round the clock: energy density is low, sunshine fluctuation is greatly the essential characteristic of solar radiation, equally also is the human obstacle that is difficult to go beyond when utilizing solar energy at large-scale development, and solar energy power generating is exactly like this.The soil of thermal-arrest canopy bottom can absorb a large amount of solar energy and with its storage in the solar energy hot gas flow generating system; Daytime; Under solar irradiation, the thermal-arrest canopy absorbs heat, evening; The heat that soil stores can continue the transfer of air heat in the thermal-arrest canopy, thereby keeps the generating sustainedly and stably of system.
2, generation technology is simple: do not need advanced technology, the working medium of system is an air, no equipment which requires cooling.Construction material requested such as glass, cement, steel etc. can obtain in the locality, and everything all greatly reduces the complexity of cost and structure, make that also the power station after building up still all has very big advantage on the maintenance cost in the operation.
3, improve environment: solar energy hot gas flow generating system substitutes identical thermal power plant can reduce CO in a large number
2, SO
2And the discharging of nitrogen oxide.
But existing solar energy hot gas flow generating system is appointed a lot of problems of right existence:
1, existing solar energy hot gas flow generating system utilizes soil media as recuperation layer, and regenerative capacity is big inadequately, thereby generating efficiency is not high.
2, existing solar energy hot gas flow generating system, hot air flow directly is disposed to high aerial through chimney breast, on the one hand environment is caused certain greenhouse effect, causes system not high to the utilization ratio of heat energy, has reduced the generating efficiency of system.
3, existing solar energy hot gas flow generating system, working time of a specified duration after, spots such as dust can be adhered in thermal-arrest canopy surface, have influenced thermal-arrest canopy turbidity test greatly, cause the sunlight transmittance to descend, thereby influence the generating efficiency of system.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to deficiency, a kind of novel solar energy hot gas flow generating system is provided to existing technology.
The objective of the invention is to realize through following technological scheme: a kind of solar energy hot gas flow generating system, it comprises: chimney, recording anemometer, thermometer, heat recovery pipe, phase change heat storage material layer, turbine generation unit and thermal-arrest canopy etc.; Wherein, The thermal-arrest canopy is built on the ground, and the phase change heat storage material layer is laid in thermal-arrest canopy bottom, and chimney is positioned at thermal-arrest canopy central authorities; The turbine generation unit is installed in the intersection of chimney and thermal-arrest canopy; Recording anemometer and thermometer are fixed in the chimney, and an end of two heat recovery pipes all communicates with the chimney top, and the other end all communicates with the thermal-arrest canopy.
Further, said thermal-arrest canopy supports with Steel Support, and its upper berth cover glass, glass inner and outer surface are all through dip-coating method coated with nano film; Said nano thin-film is the titanium dioxide film of doping iron, lanthanum, platinum, and wherein, mole fraction is respectively, iron: 0.2%; Lanthanum: 0.3%; Platinum: 0.3%.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is following:
(1) the present invention adopts phase-change material to replace traditional soil as novel heat-accumulating material; Select Sodium acetate trihydrate, paraffin, three kinds of materials of high density polyethylene (HDPE)/paraffin compound phase change heat storage material for use; These three kinds of material energy storage densities are big; Thereby realization quantity of heat storage on daytime increases, the effect of heat release at night time lengthening, has finally improved the generating efficiency of system;
(2) the present invention has carried out the improvement on the performance to the thermal-arrest canopy; Glass surface in thermal-arrest ceiling portion forms one deck nanometer film: with the nano titanic oxide sol of Prepared by Sol Gel Method doping 0.1%-0.3% metallic element, adopt dip-coating method to apply the preparation film at the glass inner and outer surface then.Not only make glass surface have automatic cleaning action, make it not receive in the air pollutant effects such as dust, increased the absorptivity of thermal-arrest canopy simultaneously, improved the efficient of system's generating greatly light;
(3) the present invention carries out recycle to the waste heat of system, thereby certain booster action is played in the raising of system's generating efficiency.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a solar energy hot gas flow generating system structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a thermal-arrest canopy surface structure schematic representation;
Among the figure, chimney 1, recording anemometer 2, thermometer 3, heat recovery pipe 4, phase change heat storage material layer 5, turbine generation unit 6, ground 7, thermal-arrest canopy 8, nano thin-film 9.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, solar energy hot gas flow generating system of the present invention comprises: chimney 1, recording anemometer 2, thermometer 3, heat recovery pipe 4, phase change heat storage material layer 5, turbine generation unit 6 and thermal-arrest canopy 8.Wherein, Thermal-arrest canopy 8 is built on the ground 7, and phase change heat storage material layer 5 is laid in thermal-arrest canopy 8 bottoms, and chimney 1 is positioned at thermal-arrest canopy 8 central authorities; Turbine generation unit 6 is installed in the intersection of chimney 1 and thermal-arrest canopy 8; Recording anemometer 2 is fixed in the chimney 1 with thermometer 3, and an end of two heat recovery pipes 4 all communicates with chimney 1 top, and the other end all communicates with thermal-arrest canopy 8.
As shown in Figure 2, thermal-arrest canopy 8 usefulness Steel Supports support, and its upper berth cover glass, glass inner and outer surface are all through dip-coating method coated with nano film 9.Nano thin-film is the titanium dioxide film of doping iron, lanthanum, platinum, and wherein, mole fraction is respectively, iron: 0.2%; Lanthanum: 0.3%; Platinum: 0.3%.
This solar energy hot gas flow generating system electricity generating principle is: the glass material that solar radiation sees through thermal-arrest canopy 8 tops is radiated on phase change heat storage material layer 5 surface, thereby is converted into heat energy, and the temperature on phase change heat storage material layer 5 surface is raise.Simultaneously ambient air is sucked in the thermal-arrest canopy 8 endlessly, phase change heat storage material layer 5 surface on the one hand with the thermal-arrest canopy in air carry out convection heat exchange, form air circulation and flow, on the other hand with heat transfer to inner.Air temperature raises in the thermal-arrest canopy 8, and density descends, and less than the air density at external environment equal height place, thereby has formed pressure difference, and the chimney of thermal-arrest canopy 8 central authorities plays a negative pressure pipe, has strengthened the inside and outside pressure difference of system.Because the space in the thermal-arrest canopy 8 is enough big; When air in the thermal-arrest canopy 8 gets into chimney 1 bottom with bigger speed; In chimney 1, formed strong air current flow; Strong upward flow promotes the turbine rotation of the turbine generation unit 6 of chimney 1 bottom, through final realization of generator solar energy converting is become electric energy.
Heat recovery pipe 4 is installed at chimney 1 top, gets back to 8 imports of thermal-arrest canopy from the high-altitude from 1 li hot air that comes out of chimney, makes System and Surroundings constitute a cyclic process, thereby has utilized unnecessary heat, makes the hot generating efficiency of this system higher.And at night, when temperature descends, the heat that utilizes phase change heat storage material to store by day; It was fully discharged at night, give ambient air, heated air thermal energy transfer; Make turbine generation unit 6 continue generating, thereby finally reach the purpose that also can generate electricity evening.The phase change heat storage material layer 5 that area is huge can guarantee that the generated energy during 6 one days 24h of generator set keeps relatively stable.
Thermal-arrest canopy 8 is built on the soil that is covered with good phase change heat storage material layer 5, and thermal-arrest canopy 8 has certain interval with ground 7, can let surrounding atmosphere get into system.Thermal-arrest canopy 8 bottoms are recuperation layers made from phase change heat storage material layer 5, can overcome the weakness of solar radiation periodicity and discontinuity, the continuity of realization system generating and stability.Thermal-arrest canopy 8 usefulness Steel Supports support, and its upper berth cover glass forms a huge solar thermal collector.
Ceiling and supporting structure that thermal-arrest canopy 8 of the present invention is processed by glass are formed, and the ceiling that is connected with chimney raft increases with chimney height with the ground interplanar distance, is generally 2～8 m, and high more apart from ground, then windage is more little.
In fact whole thermal-arrest canopy 8 is exactly a greenhouse, and its indoor/outdoor temperature-difference reaches as high as more than 30 ℃, and the upward flow speed in chimney can reach 15m/s.
Because it is not high to reach the solar radiation density of earth surface; And receive the geographical position, round the clock with the regular influence that changes such as season alternation; And the restriction that receives enchancement factors such as the moon, fine, cloud, rain; Its radiation intensity constantly changes, and has thin property, discontinuity and unstability.Therefore in order to guarantee that solar-heating or electricity generating device stablize continual operation; Just need get up unnecessary storage of solar energy through heat-storing device; When solar energy is not enough, discharging, thereby satisfying the needs continuous, stable supply of producing, live, phase change heat storage material promptly is like this.The material of phase change heat storage material layer 5 of the present invention can be selected Sodium acetate trihydrate, paraffin or high density polyethylene (HDPE)/paraffin compound phase change heat storage material for use.
1, Sodium acetate trihydrate (CH
3COONa3H
2O): colourless transparent crystal, 58 ℃ of fusing points, solution heat 264J/g is a kind of phase-change material of energy storage preferably, adorns with rustless steel container or plastics.
Crystalline hydrate is emitted and is absorbed water of crystallization and come heat accumulation and heat release through in fusing and the process of setting, and that its advantage is is applied widely, low price, heat conductivity reach, the latent heat of fusion is big, the volume energy storage density greatly, generally is neutrality; Shortcoming is: cross the cold-peace phenomenon of phase separation, can solve through adding nucleator and water-thickening agent.
2, paraffin: CnH
2n+2, inexpensive technical grade paraffin does not have fixing fusing point, has only a melting point scope.
Its advantage is: melting heat is big, good thermal storage performance, and toxicity is little, and material corrosion property is less, and cost is low, and moldability is better during solid state, generally is not easy to occur the cold-peace phenomenon of phase separation.
Shortcoming is: change in volume is big in the phase transition process.
3, the preparation process of high density polyethylene (HDPE)/paraffin compound phase change heat storage material is following: at first adopt melt-blending process to prepare high density polyethylene (HDPE)/paraffin phase change material, adopt situ aggregation method that high density polyethylene (HDPE)/paraffin phase change material microcapsule are encapsulated then.Concrete steps are following:
1) putting into electric furnace to the mixture of paraffin and high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE) is heated to about 140 ℃; After mixture all melts; Stirring mixes it, lowers the temperature in the air, and high density polyethylene (HDPE) at first solidifies and forms reticular structure; Paraffin is wherein in bond, has so just formed uniform HDPE setting paraffin.Paraffin content is between 70%-80%.
2) get a certain amount of epoxy resin, add deionized water, as dispersion emulsifier, the speed homogeneous with 2000r/min on the high speed dispersion homogenizer disperses 20min with maleic anhydride of styrene, forms O/W type emulsified liquid; Get urea, melamine, formaldehyde is that 2:1:4 mixes and regulates PH=8.5 with NaOH with the ratio of amount of substance; 70 ℃ of thickness clear prepolymer of reacting 1h are down mixed it with emulsified liquid, make high density polyethylene (HDPE)/paraffin composite phase change material dissolves in the dispersion medium water of emulsified liquid abundant stirring the under the 600r/min speed of agitator; Add catalyzer ammonium chloride, the system PH of making reduces gradually in batches, after phase-change material begins to deposit to the capsule-core surface; Be heated to 65 ℃, continue to coat and solidify gradually, when PH is reduced to 2.5-3.0, add 80ml hot water; Insulation 2h regulates PH=7.0 with NaOH, and cooling back suction filtration, acetone are washed, drying.The microcapsule of processing thus have any surface finish, NA characteristics, and particle diameter is approximately 1.8 μ m.
Composite phase change heat-accumulation material has the following advantages:
(1) because with microcapsule encapsulation, capsule wall is thin, has strengthened temperature conductivity, and do not have leakage, degradation problem under the frosting, thermal characteristics;
(2) reduce the reaction of phase change material and external environment, improved the stability of phase change heat storage material;
(3) composite phase change heat-accumulation material is a solid-solid phase-change, Gu do not exist the volume because of producing in the phase transition process to become
Change.
Because the factor that influences the power station roadability has the architecture quality of turbidity test, phase change material properties, ambient wind velocity, atmospheric temperature lamination, ambient air temperature and the booth and the chimney of obnubilation, airborne dust, heat collector.And the atmosphere infrared radiation plays a part very important to the overall energy balance in power station.When cloudy day and solar energy were 100% scattered radiation, the power station still can be moved under lower power levels.Can influence the turbidity test of ceiling attached to booth dust on glass, maximum effect is to reduce its transmittance about 12% on the ceiling and dust covers.Therefore apply at glass surface and have nano thin-film, can keep the sunlight transmittance of cladding material, make the generating efficiency of solar energy hot gas flow generating system not receive the influence of dust from cleaning function.
The present invention installs heat recovery pipe 4 at chimney 1 top, thereby plays the hot air flow recycle, reaches the problem of rationally utilizing waste heat, thereby has further improved the generating efficiency of system.
Embodiment 1
Solar energy hot gas flow generating system of the present invention is made up of parts such as new type solar collecting canopy, heat collection type chimney, wax phase change heat-accumulating material layer, turbine generation unit, thermometer, recording anemometer, heat recovery pipes.
Wherein, the phase change heat storage material layer is selected the wax phase change heat-accumulating material, and the new type solar collecting canopy is to reach the automatically cleaning effect through the titanium deoxid film that is mixed with 0.2% iron at thermal-arrest canopy glass inner and outer surface formation one deck.Concrete grammar is following:
1, the fusing point of paraffin phase change material commonly used is-12～75.9 ℃, melting heat be 150J/g to 250J/g, the present invention selects the efficient sheet paraffin of Shanghai Hua Shenfu equipment Co., Ltd for use, fusing point is 56-58 ℃.
2, form the nano-titanium dioxide film of 0.2% iron that mixes at thermal-arrest canopy glass inner and outer surface.Its concrete steps are following: with the isopropyl titanate is raw material, presses isopropyl titanate: EtOH:H2O: triethanolamine=10:35.8:0.52:4.40 is dissolved in anhydrous alcohol with isopropyl titanate; Again small amount of ethanol is mixed with water; The solution of an amount of Fe (NO3) 3 is slowly splashed under vigorous stirring in the above-mentioned solution, continue to stir, prepare the TiO 2 sol of 0.2% iron that mixes; Use dip-coating method to form the dissolved glue film of thickness as 10-250nm at the glass inner and outer surface; Use superheat steam drying 2-3h,, be warming up at 400-500 ℃ of following heating cure 1-3h with 2-4 ℃ heating rate; Carrying out tempering handles; With ultraviolet lamp glass surface is carried out photocuring, the ultraviolet wavelength of photocuring is less than 380nm, and exposure time is 0.5-2h, light intensity 4mw/cm2 or more than, thereby make nanometer film can remain on state of activation for a long time.
Embodiment 2
Solar energy hot gas flow generating system of the present invention is made up of parts such as new type solar collecting canopy, heat collection type chimney, Sodium acetate trihydrate phase change heat storage material layer, turbine generation unit, thermometer, recording anemometer, heat recovery pipes.
Wherein, the phase change heat storage material layer is selected the Sodium acetate trihydrate phase change heat storage material, and the new type solar collecting canopy is to form the titanium deoxid film that one deck is mixed with 0.3% lanthanum through the inner and outer surface at thermal-arrest canopy glass to reach the automatically cleaning effect.Concrete grammar is following:
1, heat-accumulating material adopts Sodium acetate trihydrate, concrete prescription: 92% Sodium acetate trihydrate, 5% Na
2HPO
412H
2O, 3% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), Subcoold temperature is no more than 5 ℃, and the heat release time is longer, is reasonable proportioning.
Concrete steps: with Sodium acetate trihydrate, Na
2HPO
412H
2O (nucleator), carboxymethyl cellulose (water-thickening agent) are clayed into power in the ratio of 92:5:3 and are mixed, and put into plastic container, and insert a thermocouple, put into water bath with thermostatic control, at 80 ℃ of constant temperature 30min.
2, form the lanthanum nano-titanium dioxide film of doping 0.3% at thermal-arrest canopy glass inner and outer surface.Its concrete steps are following: with the isopropyl titanate is raw material, presses isopropyl titanate: EtOH:H
2O: triethanolamine=10:35.8:0.52:4.40 is dissolved in anhydrous alcohol with isopropyl titanate, small amount of ethanol is mixed with water again; The nitrate solution of an amount of lanthanum is slowly splashed under vigorous stirring in the above-mentioned solution, continue to stir, prepare the TiO 2 sol of doping lanthanum; The ratio of lanthanum is 0.3%; Use dip-coating method to form the dissolved glue film of thickness, in 80 ℃ of vacuum drying 24h, at 400-500 ℃ of following heating cure 1-3h as 10-250nm at the glass inner and outer surface; Carrying out tempering handles; With ultraviolet lamp glass surface is carried out photocuring, the ultraviolet wavelength of photocuring is less than 380nm, and exposure time is 0.5-2h, and light intensity is at 4mw/cm
2Or more than, thereby make nanometer film can remain on state of activation for a long time.
Embodiment 3
Solar energy hot gas flow generating system of the present invention is made up of parts such as new type solar collecting canopy, heat collection type chimney, high density polyethylene (HDPE)/paraffin compound phase change heat storage material layer, turbine generation unit, thermometer, recording anemometer, heat recovery pipes.
Wherein, It is to form the titanium deoxid film that one deck is mixed with 0.3% platinum through the inner and outer surface at thermal-arrest canopy glass to reach the automatically cleaning effect that the phase change heat storage material layer is selected high density polyethylene (HDPE)/wax phase change heat-accumulating material composite phase change heat-accumulation material, new type solar collecting canopy.Concrete grammar is following:
1, composite phase change heat-accumulation material: at first adopt melt-blending process to prepare high density polyethylene (HDPE)/paraffin compound phase change heat storage material, adopt situ aggregation method that high density polyethylene (HDPE)/paraffin phase change material microcapsule are encapsulated then.Concrete steps are following:
1) putting into electric furnace to the mixture of paraffin and high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE) is heated to about 140 ℃; After mixture all melts; Stirring mixes it, lowers the temperature in the air, and high density polyethylene at first solidifies and forms reticular structure; Paraffin is wherein in bond, has so just formed uniform HDPE setting paraffin.Paraffin content is between 70%-80%.
2) get a certain amount of epoxy resin, add deionized water, as dispersion emulsifier, the speed homogeneous with 2000r/min on the high speed dispersion homogenizer disperses 20min with maleic anhydride of styrene, forms O/W type emulsified liquid; Get urea, melamine, formaldehyde is that 2:1:4 mixes and regulates PH=8.5 with NaOH with the ratio of amount of substance; 70 ℃ of thickness clear prepolymer of reacting 1h are down mixed it with emulsified liquid, make high density polyethylene (HDPE)/paraffin composite phase change material dissolves in the dispersion medium water of emulsified liquid abundant stirring the under the 600r/min speed of agitator; Add catalyzer ammonium chloride, the system PH of making reduces gradually in batches, after phase-change material begins to deposit to the capsule-core surface; Be heated to 65 ℃, continue to coat and solidify gradually, when PH is reduced to 2.5-3.0, add 80ml hot water; Insulation 2h regulates PH=7.0 with NaOH, and cooling back suction filtration, acetone are washed, drying.The microcapsule of processing thus have any surface finish, NA characteristics, and particle diameter is approximately 1.8 μ m.
Adopt the composite phase-change material of the method preparation to have the following advantages:
1) because with microcapsule encapsulation, capsule wall is thin, has strengthened temperature conductivity, and do not have leakage, degradation problem under the frosting, thermal characteristics;
2) reduce the reaction of phase change material and external environment, improved the stability of phase-change material;
3) composite phase-change material is a solid-solid phase-change, Gu there is not the change in volume because of producing in the phase transition process.
2, form the nano-titanium dioxide film of 0.3% platinum that mixes on the positive and negative surface of glass.Its concrete steps are following: with the isopropyl titanate is raw material, presses isopropyl titanate: EtOH:H
2O: triethanolamine=10:35.8:0.52:4.40 is dissolved in anhydrous alcohol with isopropyl titanate, small amount of ethanol is mixed with water again; The nitrate solution of an amount of platinum is slowly splashed under vigorous stirring in the above-mentioned solution, continue to stir, prepare the TiO 2 sol of doping platinum; Use the dip-coating method method to form the dissolved glue film of thickness as 10-250nm at the glass inner and outer surface; The ratio of platinum is 0.3%, in 80 ℃ of vacuum drying 24h, at 400-500 ℃ of following heating cure 1-3h; Carrying out tempering handles; With ultraviolet lamp glass surface is carried out photocuring, the ultraviolet wavelength of photocuring is less than 380nm, and exposure time is 0.5-2h, and light intensity is at 4mw/cm
2Or more than, thereby make nanometer film can remain on state of activation for a long time.
Embodiment 4
The parameter that the present invention adopts is following: the chimney diameter is 8-10m, and thermal-arrest canopy diameter is 80-120m, and thermal-arrest canopy height is 3-6m, and chimney height is 100-120m, and phase change heat storage material thickness is 2-4m.Select for use the pressure turbine generator to do, power is the 25KW/ platform,, can install the 3-5 platform; Solar irradiance is 800-1000w/m
2Turbine efficiency is 70%-80%, and booth efficient is made as 0.4%-0.6%; External temperature is 295K-305K, design temperature rise 30-40K, and the expection generated output is 60-120KW, through the solar energy that store daytime, can satisfy whole generating in evening.
In fact whole thermal-arrest canopy is exactly a greenhouse, and its indoor/outdoor temperature-difference reaches as high as more than 30 ℃, and the upward flow speed in chimney can reach 15m/s.
Solar radiation sees through the thermal-arrest canopy and is radiated on the phase change heat storage material laminar surface, thereby is converted into heat energy, and the temperature of phase change heat storage material laminar surface is raise.Simultaneously ambient air is sucked in the thermal-arrest canopy endlessly, the phase change heat storage material laminar surface on the one hand with the thermal-arrest canopy in air carry out convection heat exchange, form air circulation and flow, on the other hand with heat transfer to inner.Air temperature raises in the thermal-arrest canopy, and density descends, and less than the air density at external environment equal height place, thereby has formed pressure difference, and chimney plays a negative pressure pipe, has strengthened the inside and outside pressure difference of system.Because the space in the thermal-arrest canopy is enough big; When air in the thermal-arrest canopy gets into chimney bottom with bigger speed; In chimney, formed strong air current flow; Strong upward flow promotes the turbine rotation of the turbine generation unit of chimney bottom, through final realization of generator solar energy converting is become electric energy.
The heat recovery pipe of chimney top can be got back to the import of thermal-arrest canopy with the hot air that in chimney, comes out from the high-altitude simultaneously, makes System and Surroundings constitute a cyclic process, thereby has utilized unnecessary heat, makes the hot generating efficiency of this system higher.And at night, when temperature descends, the heat that utilizes phase change heat storage material to store by day; It was fully discharged at night, give ambient air, heated air thermal energy transfer; Make the turbine generation unit continue generating, thereby finally reach the purpose that also can generate electricity evening.The phase change heat storage material layer that area is huge can guarantee that the generated energy during one day 24h of generator set keeps relatively stable.
Claims (3)
1. a solar energy hot gas flow generating system is characterized in that it comprises: chimney (1), recording anemometer (2), thermometer (3), heat recovery pipe (4), phase change heat storage material layer (5), turbine generation unit (6) and thermal-arrest canopy (8) etc.; Wherein, Thermal-arrest canopy (8) is built on the ground (7), and phase change heat storage material layer (5) is laid in thermal-arrest canopy (8) bottom, and chimney (1) is positioned at thermal-arrest canopy (8) central authorities; Turbine generation unit (6) is installed in the intersection of chimney (1) and thermal-arrest canopy (8); Recording anemometer (2) and thermometer (3) are fixed in the chimney (1), and an end of two heat recovery pipes (4) all communicates with chimney (1) top, and the other end all communicates with thermal-arrest canopy (8).
2. according to the said solar energy hot gas flow generating system of claim 1, it is characterized in that said thermal-arrest canopy (8) supports with Steel Support, its upper berth cover glass, glass inner and outer surface are all through dip-coating method coated with nano film (9).
3. according to claim 1 or 2 said solar energy hot gas flow generating systems, it is characterized in that said nano thin-film is the titanium dioxide film of doping iron, lanthanum, platinum, wherein, mole fraction is respectively, iron: 0.2%; Lanthanum: 0.3%; Platinum: 0.3%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011102895652A CN102338052A (en) | 2011-09-28 | 2011-09-28 | Solar energy hot air power generation system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011102895652A CN102338052A (en) | 2011-09-28 | 2011-09-28 | Solar energy hot air power generation system |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102852743A (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2013-01-02 | 上海理工大学 | Solar chimney power generation system combined with phase-change heat storage technology |
| CN106814410A (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2017-06-09 | 邢杰炜 | A kind of meteorological observation rainfall gauge intelligence device for melting snow |
| CN109611286A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-04-12 | 青海大学 | One kind having dust-proof, self-cleaning solar heat air-flow chimney generator and method |
| CN112444153A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-03-05 | 暨南大学 | City pole setting with electricity generation and road surface cooling function |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101629551A (en) * | 2009-08-04 | 2010-01-20 | 张瑞明 | Solar hot gas flow generating device |
| FR2957388A1 (en) * | 2010-03-15 | 2011-09-16 | Essertaux Jean Marie D | Solar chimney for e.g. producing electricity, comprises solar air collector, envelope of collector, system for recovering condensation water, water diffusers, reservoir, device for evaporating water, water pump, and anti-fog system |
| CN202250653U (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2012-05-30 | 陆飞飞 | Solar energy hot air stream power generation system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101629551A (en) * | 2009-08-04 | 2010-01-20 | 张瑞明 | Solar hot gas flow generating device |
| FR2957388A1 (en) * | 2010-03-15 | 2011-09-16 | Essertaux Jean Marie D | Solar chimney for e.g. producing electricity, comprises solar air collector, envelope of collector, system for recovering condensation water, water diffusers, reservoir, device for evaporating water, water pump, and anti-fog system |
| CN202250653U (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2012-05-30 | 陆飞飞 | Solar energy hot air stream power generation system |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102852743A (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2013-01-02 | 上海理工大学 | Solar chimney power generation system combined with phase-change heat storage technology |
| CN106814410A (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2017-06-09 | 邢杰炜 | A kind of meteorological observation rainfall gauge intelligence device for melting snow |
| CN109611286A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-04-12 | 青海大学 | One kind having dust-proof, self-cleaning solar heat air-flow chimney generator and method |
| CN112444153A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-03-05 | 暨南大学 | City pole setting with electricity generation and road surface cooling function |
| CN112444153B (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2022-02-11 | 暨南大学 | City pole setting with electricity generation and road surface cooling function |
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