CN102336613A - Ecological fertilizer special for bamboos - Google Patents
Ecological fertilizer special for bamboos Download PDFInfo
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- CN102336613A CN102336613A CN2010102361256A CN201010236125A CN102336613A CN 102336613 A CN102336613 A CN 102336613A CN 2010102361256 A CN2010102361256 A CN 2010102361256A CN 201010236125 A CN201010236125 A CN 201010236125A CN 102336613 A CN102336613 A CN 102336613A
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Abstract
The invention relates to ecological fertilizer special for bamboos. The fertilizer is produced by processing main raw materials such as urea, ammonium phosphate, potash fertilizer and clay mineral; the fertilizer comprises more than 25wt% of total nutrient of N, P and K, 30-40 wt% of SiO2, 2-5wt% of CaO, 1-3wt% of MgO, and 300-400g/t of boron, zinc, copper, molybdenum and manganese. The fertilizer is complete in nutrient, reasonable in proportioning, strong in target and remarkable in fertilizing effect; moreover, the auxiliary materials of the fertilizer have the characteristics of wide source, low cost, easy shaping and good slowly releasing, thus, the fertilizer can not only meet the normal requirements of bamboos, but also strengthen capabilities of bamboo shoots and bamboos to resist disasters and diseases; and if the fertilizer is applied to the bamboos for a long time, land capability recovery of the degenerated soil can be prompted, and the sustainable management of ecological systems of bamboo forests can be maintained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of bamboo ecological special-purpose fertile, and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
China's bamboo resource is very abundant, and the sympodium type that is suitable for the torrid zone growth bamboo kind of growing thickly is arranged, and the scattered bamboo kind of single-shaft variant that is suitable for the subtropics growth is in addition mixed living bamboo kind with the strong multiple axle type of the winter hardiness that is adapted at high height above sea level high latitude area growth.According to incompletely statistics, have more than 50 genus, more than 500 kinds at Chinese bamboo plant.More than 520 ten thousand hectares of whole nation bamboo grove areas, its bamboo kind resource, bamboo grove area, bamboo shoots and bamboo wood output all rank first in the world.Bamboo grove is the important component part of the forest reserves, but bamboo is again special seeds simultaneously, and its growth, operation are different from general forest.Bamboo belongs to gramineous bamboo department linoleic plant, and its breeding or afforestation are mainly carried out with the vegetative propagation mode, especially concerning the mixed living bamboo kind of loosing, saying of " tree into forest " is arranged, and the more important thing is that the bamboo life of individual is also shorter relatively, and its growth is fast, and operating cycle is short.The individual formation of bamboo begins only to need tens days to five, 60 days from growing ground, and the growth of bamboo grove population only in 1 year of short duration season form a large amount of individualities, during need a large amount of nutrient of consumption.In addition, in artificial forest, it not only is economic product with the bamboo wood that people manage bamboo grove, and bamboo shoots also are important products, and its economic worth surpasses bamboo wood usually out and away, and a large amount of nutrients is taken away in this growth meeting that just means annual bamboo grove from bamboo grove.So no matter the high yield operation of bamboo grove is considered from the characteristic and the nutrient balance angle of bamboo itself, all than the nutrient of the more an urgent demand fertilising of general fast-growing andhigh-yeilding trees, additional bamboo grove, continues the purpose that high yield is managed to reach.
In recent years, along with the year by year increase of market to the bamboo demand, and the bamboo processing development of technology, also increasingly high to the operation control requirement of strength of bamboo grove thus.But the main bamboo producing region in China because of secular extensive style operation, be that the soil fertility of principal character degenerates with acidifying and yellow is a difficult problem anxious to be solved at present.Fertilising promptly is important measures that guarantee the bamboo grove high yield; But mostly the existing market apply fertilizer is to design to the demand of farm crop; Mostly its prescription is that with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium be master's quick-acting fertilizer; Using of these fertilizer, though can improve bamboo output in a short time, long-term fertilization can be aggravated the degeneration process of soil fertility.It is very general that this phenomenon is managed the higher ground such as Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces of intensity in China bamboo grove.The special-purpose fertilizer of bamboo must satisfy four basic demands: (1) provides the bamboo target output required nutrient demand, and mainly comprising provides macroelement N, P, K; (2) long-term application can be improved the constructional aspect of soil, reaches the middle long-term goal of recovering soil fertility; (3) the slow property of fertilizer.Because the forest land is distributed in ungetable mountain area more, bamboo grove ground area is big in addition, the gradient is steep, and this has increased the cost of labor of fertilising, and it is long-lasting therefore to require fertilizer efficiency to have, and fertilizer also has the characteristics of slow-releasing; (4) low cost.Because the bamboo producing region, the bamboo wood prices of raw and semifnished materials are still lower, reduce cost to be still a leading indicator in the bamboo grove production.
Summary of the invention
Based on the problem that above-mentioned prior art fertilizer exists, the present invention aims to provide a kind of ecological special-purpose fertilizer that can be used for tree growth, particularly bamboo, and this fertilizer is through the improvement of prescription; After using, can provide the bamboo growth required abundant, isostatic nutrient demand; Reach the effect of bamboo grove raising the output, long-term application can be improved the constructional aspect of soil simultaneously, reaches the effect of recovering soil fertility (soil nutrient formation); When taking into account cost, improve fertilizer utilization ratio effectively.
The ecological special-purpose fertilizer of bamboo of the present invention belongs to the forestry science and technology field, is applicable to the operation of soil improvement and efficient bamboo grove.This fertilizer is to Chinese bamboo poor management, present situation that benefit is low; In depth investigated the constructional feature of Changning County, Sichuan Province bamboo grove ground soil nutrient present situation and soil; Particularly mao bamboo woods forest land ubiquity soil nutrient is under-supply for clear and definite bamboo grove; Problems such as soil compaction, yellow, acidifying are serious, and combine the characteristics that fertilizer nutrient is required of China's main bamboo kind in south, it is ecological special-purpose fertile to have developed this bamboo.
In order to achieve the above object, this aspect adopts following technical scheme to accomplish:
At first; It is ecological special-purpose fertile to the present invention relates to a kind of bamboo, it is characterized in that this fertilizer is is that main raw material processes with urea, phosphorus ammonium, potash fertilizer, clay mineral, said raw material consist of urea 20-40%; Phosphorus ammonium 5-15%; Potash fertilizer is 5-20%, and clay mineral is 40-60%, is by weight.Further, the ratio of said raw material is urea 20-30%, phosphorus ammonium 5-10%, and potash fertilizer is 5-10%, clay mineral is 40-55%, is by weight.The preferred Repone K of said potash fertilizer.The preferred mud stone of said clay mineral, it is a kind of secondary rock of extensive existence.
On the other hand, it is ecological special-purpose fertile that this aspect relates to a kind of bamboo, and it is in according to the fertilizer that above-mentioned raw materials is formed and proportioning processes, and the total nutrient of N, P, K is greater than 25%, SiO
2Content be 30-40%, the content of CaO is 2-5%, the content of MgO is 1-3%, is by weight.
In preferred scheme of the present invention, during the ecological special-purpose fertile raw material of said bamboo was formed, urea accounted for 29.4%, and the phosphorus ammonium accounts for 9.6%, and potash fertilizer accounts for 7.7%, and clay mineral accounts for 53.3%, is by weight.
In another preferred scheme of the present invention, in the ecological special-purpose fertile composition of said bamboo, the content of N is 10-15%, available phosphorus (P
2O
5) content be 3-6%, K
2The content of O is 5-15%, SiO
2Content be 30-40%, the content of CaO is 2-5%, the content of MgO is 1-3%, is by weight.
In addition, in the ecological special-purpose fertilizer of above-mentioned bamboo, the preferred wherein content of inorganic components boron, zinc, copper, molybdenum, manganese is 300-400g/ ton fertilizer.
In a specific embodiments of the present invention, the ecological special-purpose fertile fertilizer of above-mentioned bamboo consists of: the content of N is 14.8%, and the content of available phosphorus is 4.9%, K
2The content of O is 6.2%, moisture massfraction 3.7%, and total nutrient 25.9%, all by weight.
In the such scheme available phosphorus, preferred water-soluble phosphorus accounts for more than the 60wt% of available phosphorus.
In the such scheme, the ecological special-purpose fertilizer of bamboo of the present invention is that the lower concentration compound is fertile, its nitrogen, and phosphorus, potassium total nutrient>=25%, preferred nutrient specification: 15: 5: 5 (according to N: P
2O
5: K
2The O meter).
The present invention also provides a kind of described bamboo ecological special-purpose fertile method of manufacture; It is characterized in that said fertilizer is to prepare according to following steps: (1) is that 5-20wt%, clay mineral are that the ratio of 40-60wt% takes by weighing each main raw material according to urea 20-40wt%, phosphorus ammonium 5-15wt%, potash fertilizer; (2) with the above-mentioned raw materials component through oven dry and pulverize, (3) are mixed, stir, are pushed according to the different ingredients ratio in high speed mixer, use the tablets press granulation again; (4) the gained particle is dried or dried; Screening, (5) are through check, and packing is processed finished product.
The invention still further relates to the purposes that the ecological special-purpose fertilizer of said bamboo is used for the bamboo grove raising the output, improves soil.
The ecological special-purpose fertilizer of bamboo of the present invention is suitable for main bamboo grove producing region, China south such as Sichuan, Jiangxi, Hubei and Hunan Provinces, Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces one band etc., and the most suitable soil type of using is a sour earth.The ecological special-purpose fertilizer of this bamboo is fit to process granular fertilizer, and it contains trace elements such as an amount of boron, zinc, copper except that containing nitrogen, phosphorus, the potassium macroelement, also being rich in moderate-elements such as silicon, calcium, magnesium in auxiliary material.This fertilizer nutrient is complete, and reasonable ratio is with strong points, and fertilizer efficiency is remarkable.And its auxiliary material wide material sources, with low cost, easy-formation and tool slowly-releasing characteristics, this fertilizer can not only satisfy the normal demand of bamboo; Can also strengthen that bamboo shoot, bamboo are combated a natural disaster, resistance against diseases; And long-term application can promote the soil fertility of degenerated soil to recover, and keeps the sustainable operation of the mao bamboo woods ecosystem.
The ecological special-purpose fertile extend trial of bamboo of the present invention through Changning County, Sichuan Province one band, use this fertilizer than local custom applying fertilizer after, the output of bamboo shoots can be increased production 10-20%, individual plant weight increases more than 30%, the average diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground increase of bamboo wood is more than 10%.
The ecological special-purpose fertile method of manufacture of bamboo according to the invention has no particular limits; Can be urea, the phosphorus ammonium of 5-15wt%, the potash fertilizer of 5-20wt%, the clay mineral warp fertilizer preparation process pulverizing usually of 40-60wt%, mixing, stirring, extruding, granulation, oven dry, thereby obtain particulate state fertilizer with subsequent use with 20-40wt%.Wherein according to material feature, suit to adopt the extrusion process granulation, particle diameter can be regulated and control as required thus, thus the release time limit of may command nutrient.The principle of extruder grain be material under high pressure, particle closely near and cause molecular force, electrostatic force, valency power, thereby make the molecule reunion moulding of combining closely, therefore pulverulent material is mixed, rely on external pressure that material is reunited and carry out non-slurry pelletizing.
The ecological special-purpose fertile application process of bamboo according to the invention is similar with the application process of other compound fertilizer, for example can adopt that ditch is excuted a law, the root and stem of certain plants is excuted a law, cut down a fertilization method etc.Rate of fertilizer is at 50-100kg/ mu.
Embodiment
Embodiment
According to the main raw material ratio is urea (29.4%), diammonium phosphate (9.6%), Repone K (7.7%), mud stone (53.3%); Raw material is obtained granular fertilizer through pulverizing, mixing, stirring, extruding, granulation, oven dry, as the ecological special-purpose fertile A of bamboo of the present invention.
Ecological special-purpose fertile A carries out the product analysis check to the bamboo of above-mentioned gained, and total nitrogen accounts for 14.8% in its product, and available phosphorus accounts for 4.9%, K
2O accounts for 6.2%, and the moisture massfraction accounts for 3.7%, and it is 69.0% that water-soluble phosphorus occupies effect phosphorus ratio percentage, and total nutrient is 25.9%.
To the bamboo characteristics, adopt and cut down the stake fertilising.
(the nutrient specification is 15: 5: 5, according to N: P to use ecological special-purpose fertile A of bamboo of the present invention and commercially available conventional composite fertilizer respectively
2O
5: K
2The O meter), every kind of fertilizer is respectively used in 3 kinds of ground, and sample area is: 20m * 20m.Use test and implement in January, 2009, get through ring with drill rod before using, each cuts down stake and uses special-purpose fertile 150g, investigates bamboo shoot output in April, 2010, investigates newborn bamboo footpath level structure in June, 2010, and investigation result is shown in following table 1~2:
Table 1: bamboo shoot output cartogram
* annotate: fertilising benefit=[mean yields on 3 pieces kinds of ground of (mean yields on 3 pieces kinds of ground of the mean yield-conventional composite fertilizer on 3 pieces kinds of ground of the ecological special-purpose fertile A of bamboo of the present invention)/ecological special-purpose fertile A of bamboo of the present invention] * 100%, the fertilising benefit increase of quantity and weight all calculates like this.Following table together.
Table 2: bamboo wood footpath level structure questionnaire
Conclusion: with use conventional composite fertilizer and compare, use special-purpose fertilizer after, the bamboo bamboo shoot output improves 12.60%, new bamboo shoot quantity increases by 27.45%; Newborn bamboo footpath level improves 4.78%, and quantity increases by 11.84%, and newborn bamboo peak improves 12.43% in the appearance ground, and path improves 13.94%, explain bamboo of the present invention ecological special-purpose fertile to bamboo shoot output with improve bamboo grove footpath level structure unusual effect arranged.Simultaneously, owing to contain the clay mineral composition of optimizing Soil structure in the ecological special-purpose fertilizer of bamboo of the present invention, its pulverizing, mixing back are with SiO
2, inorganicss such as CaO, MgO form exist; Under the long-term application situation; Can not produce problems such as soil compaction, yellow, acidifying because of the loss of soil nutrient; Can realize taking into account the effect that improves bamboo shoots, bamboo grove output and improve Soil structure, recovery soil fertility, for improving southern soil erosion, improving the ecological environment and play certain contribution.
Claims (11)
1. a bamboo is ecological special-purpose fertile, it is characterized in that this fertilizer is is that main raw material processes with urea, phosphorus ammonium, potash fertilizer, clay mineral, said raw material consist of urea 20-40%; Phosphorus ammonium 5-15%; Potash fertilizer is 5-20%, and clay mineral is 40-60%, is by weight.
2. bamboo according to claim 1 is ecological special-purpose fertile, and the total nutrient that it is characterized in that consisting of N, P, K by the fertilizer that said raw material processes is greater than 25%, SiO
2Content be 30-40%, the content of CaO is 2-5%, the content of MgO is 1-3%, is by weight.
3. bamboo according to claim 1 is ecological special-purpose fertile, and the ratio that it is characterized in that said raw material is urea 20-30%, phosphorus ammonium 5-10%, and potash fertilizer is 5-10%, clay mineral is 40-55%, is by weight.
4. bamboo according to claim 3 is ecological special-purpose fertile, and the ratio that it is characterized in that said raw material is a urea 29.4%, and phosphorus ammonium 9.6%, potash fertilizer are 7.7%, and clay mineral is 53.3%, is by weight.
5. bamboo according to claim 2 is ecological special-purpose fertile, and the content that it is characterized in that being consisted of by the fertilizer that said raw material processes N is 10-15%, and the content of available phosphorus is 3-6%, K
2The content of O is 5-15%, SiO
2Content be 30-40%, the content of CaO is 2-5%, the content of MgO is 1-3%, is by weight.
6. bamboo according to claim 2 is ecological special-purpose fertile, and the content that it is characterized in that boron, zinc, copper, molybdenum, manganese is 300-400g/ ton fertilizer.
7. bamboo according to claim 5 is ecological special-purpose fertile, and the content that it is characterized in that being consisted of by the fertilizer that said raw material processes N is 14.8%, and the content of available phosphorus is 4.9%, K
2The content of O is 6.2%, and moisture massfraction 3.7 is by weight.
8. bamboo according to claim 7 is ecological special-purpose fertile, it is characterized in that water-soluble phosphorus occupies more than the 60wt% of imitating phosphorus content.
9. ecological special-purpose fertile according to any one described bamboo of claim 1~8; It is characterized in that said fertilizer is to prepare according to following steps: (1) takes by weighing each main raw material urea, phosphorus ammonium, potash fertilizer, clay mineral according to said formula rate; (2) with the above-mentioned raw materials component through oven dry and pulverize, (3) are mixed, stir, are pushed according to the different ingredients ratio in high speed mixer, use the tablets press granulation again; (4) the gained particle is dried or dried; Screening, (5) are through check, and packing is processed finished product.
10. one kind prepares like the ecological special-purpose fertile method of manufacture of the said bamboo of claim 1~8, it is characterized in that said fertilizer is to prepare according to following steps: (1) according to urea 20-40wt%, phosphorus ammonium 5-15wt%; Potash fertilizer is 5-20wt%, and clay mineral is that the ratio of 40-60wt% takes by weighing each main raw material, (2) with the above-mentioned raw materials component through oven dry and pulverize; (3) in high speed mixer, mix, stir, push according to the different ingredients ratio; Use the tablets press granulation again, (4) are with the oven dry of gained particle or dry screening; (5) through check, packing is processed finished product.
11. will be used for the purposes that bamboo grove is increased production, improves soil like the ecological special-purpose fertilizer of the said bamboo of claim 1~7.
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CN201010236125.6A CN102336613B (en) | 2010-07-26 | 2010-07-26 | Ecological fertilizer special for bamboos |
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CN201010236125.6A CN102336613B (en) | 2010-07-26 | 2010-07-26 | Ecological fertilizer special for bamboos |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN103875344A (en) * | 2012-10-24 | 2014-06-25 | 融水县融丰农业生产资料有限责任公司 | Application method of special fertilizer for moso bamboo shoot |
CN104262048A (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2015-01-07 | 湖北祥云(集团)化工股份有限公司 | Alkaline compound fertilizer for preventing and improving soil acidification and preparation method of alkaline compound fertilizer |
CN106316696A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-01-11 | 卢洪川 | Special fertilizer for bamboo cuttage planting and making method thereof |
CN114402778A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-29 | 宜宾林竹产业研究院 | Method for designing bamboo forest controlled release fertilizer based on soil testing formula analysis |
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Patent Citations (6)
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CN1223242A (en) * | 1998-12-14 | 1999-07-21 | 武汉工业大学 | Method for producing silicon fertilizer by using silicate cement |
CN1557789A (en) * | 2004-01-17 | 2004-12-29 | 北京中美倍德生物工程技术有限公司 | Organic-inorganic compound fertilizer with active compost as base material |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN103875344A (en) * | 2012-10-24 | 2014-06-25 | 融水县融丰农业生产资料有限责任公司 | Application method of special fertilizer for moso bamboo shoot |
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CN104262048A (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2015-01-07 | 湖北祥云(集团)化工股份有限公司 | Alkaline compound fertilizer for preventing and improving soil acidification and preparation method of alkaline compound fertilizer |
CN106316696A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-01-11 | 卢洪川 | Special fertilizer for bamboo cuttage planting and making method thereof |
CN114402778A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-29 | 宜宾林竹产业研究院 | Method for designing bamboo forest controlled release fertilizer based on soil testing formula analysis |
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