CN102328153B - Crimping diffusion welding process of aluminum or aluminum alloy and heterogeneous metal - Google Patents
Crimping diffusion welding process of aluminum or aluminum alloy and heterogeneous metal Download PDFInfo
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- CN102328153B CN102328153B CN 201110256606 CN201110256606A CN102328153B CN 102328153 B CN102328153 B CN 102328153B CN 201110256606 CN201110256606 CN 201110256606 CN 201110256606 A CN201110256606 A CN 201110256606A CN 102328153 B CN102328153 B CN 102328153B
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- diffusion welding
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Abstract
The invention discloses a crimping diffusion welding process and clamp of aluminum or aluminum alloy and heterogeneous metal, relating to the technical field of solid-state welding. The process comprises the following steps of: carrying out surface treatment on prewelded surfaces: overlapping the prewelded surfaces of a piece to be welded face to face together, then putting between an upper pressing plate and a lower pressing plate of the clamp, and carrying out cold pressing; putting the piece to be welded, which is tightly pressed and protected, and the whole clamp into a box-type electric furnace, heating, preserving the heat and prewelding; after diffusion welding is finished, taking the whole clamp out, and carrying out hot pressing on a hydraulic machine once; and then carrying out diffusion welding. The invention provides the process which is used for carrying out crimping diffusion welding of aluminum or aluminum alloy and heterogeneous metal under the non-vacuum condition by using the common hydraulic machine, the common box-type electric heating furnace and the clamp; meanwhile, a workpiece with large feature size and larger thickness is not limited by the traditional vacuum diffusion welding process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the solid-state welding technology field, be specifically related to the crimping diffusion welding craft and the anchor clamps thereof of a kind of aluminum or aluminum alloy and dissimilar metal.
Background technology
At present, because aluminium alloy and fine copper or dissimilar metals such as aluminium alloy and the stainless steel oxide-film owing to the aluminium surface when welding is difficult for thoroughly removing in surface treatment process, influence the carrying out of diffusion welding (DW), so aluminium alloy and fine copper or aluminium alloy and stainless welding are bigger than the welding difficulty of aluminium and aluminium or copper and copper.Copper and aluminium exist aspect physical property than big-difference, and particularly fusing point differs 424 ℃, and linear expansion coefficient differs more than 40%; And aluminium chance oxygen forms Al easily
2O
3Oxide-film, fusing point is up to 2050 ℃.Surface treated aluminium alloy, even weld very soon, also unavoidable regenerating oxidation film in the process of operation, this layer oxide-film is with the carrying out of serious obstruction Diffusion Welding.
Generally to realize the solid-state welding of copper and aluminium alloy, can adopt the method for vacuum diffusion welding.The weldment surface must be strict before the vacuum diffusion welding weldering carries out retrofit, polish, polish and clean the oxide-film that deoils, removes the surface, is coated with the reagent of one deck removal oxide-film after the surface treatment on surface to be welded; The workpiece surface to be welded is stacked together face-to-face puts in the vacuum drying oven, vacuumize, the heating and heat preservation pressurization.In the process that vacuumizes, the reagent that is coated in the surface will be with oxide-film to be drawn out of together, and Diffusion Welding is carried out under the heating in vacuum pressurized environment, could satisfy two conditions of diffusion welding (DW) like this:
A, surface to be welded reach near mutual interatomic graviational interaction scope;
B, the counterdiffusion of atom phase form metallurgical chain combination.
Whole welding process need be carried out in the Vacuum diffusion bonding furnace of special use, need to spend about half an hour before the welding and vacuumize, heat temperature raising insulation then needs the isothermal pressurization in the insulating process, heat-insulation pressure keeping diffusion welding (DW) could be taken out weldment after reaching required time.
Doing a vacuum diffusion welding connects required chronic, and once can only weld a workpiece, and workpiece size and shape thereof also are subjected to the restriction of Vacuum diffusion bonding furnace space and machine pressure thereof, and welding efficiency is low, the cost height is difficult to satisfy enterprise's requirement of mass production.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of common hydraulic press and common box electric furnace and anchor clamps of utilizing, under antivacuum condition, carry out the technology of aluminum or aluminum alloy and dissimilar metal crimping diffusion welding (DW), make the thick big workpiece of feature dimension not be subjected to the restriction of existing vacuum diffusion welding process simultaneously.
For achieving the above object, following technical scheme is adopted in the invention:
The crimping diffusion welding craft of aluminum or aluminum alloy of the present invention and dissimilar metal, comprising will be through the aluminum or aluminum alloy of handling early stage and the face-to-face overlapping top board of anchor clamps and the step between the lower bolster put into of the pre-face of weld of dissimilar metal prewelding fitting;
With the step that anchor clamps and to-be-welded pieces are colded pressing, the yield limit that pressure reaches than the soft metal is a standard; The step of the screw between fastening top board and lower bolster, reaching than 70%～90% of soft metal yield limit with fastening strength is standard;
To put into the step that the batch-type furnace heat tracing is tentatively finished diffusion welding (DW) through anchor clamps after colding pressing and to-be-welded pieces, temperature is 470～510 ℃, and the time is 1.5～2.5 hours;
With the anchor clamps and the whole step of pressurizeing on forcing press of taking out of weldment that heated, the pressurization degree produces 30% above jumping-up with position to be welded and is deformed into standard; The step of fastening clips screw once more;
The step that anchor clamps after hot pressing finished and preliminary weldment are incubated diffusion welding (DW) once more requires 470～510 ℃ of temperature, insulation 1～2.5h;
The anchor clamps after diffusion welding (DW) finished and the step of weldment air cooling.
Be better implement the invention, the processing in early stage of prewelding fitting comprises is processed into needed size with the prewelding fitting, and guarantees the flatness on prewelding fitting prewelding surface; And to the step of the degrease deoxidation film that deoils of prewelding fitting.
Be better implement the invention, also be included in the step of around the faying face of prewelding fitting, smearing the protection against oxidation film before colding pressing.
Be better implement the invention, add the sheath that prevents the aluminium excessive deformation at the non-welding ends of prewelding fitting aluminum or aluminum alloy.
Be better implement the invention, must not be above 20 seconds when requiring weldment hot pressing from being fetched into the pressure process time.
Be better implement the invention, the pre-face of weld surface of described weldment dissimilar metal is plane, the conical surface or ring surface.
The crimping diffusion welding (DW) anchor clamps of a kind of aluminum or aluminum alloy and dissimilar metal comprise top board, lower bolster, and connect firmly both screws.
Be better implement the invention, described lower bolster and top board shape, size and consistency of thickness.
Owing to adopted technique scheme, the present invention to have following beneficial effect:
1, the present invention can utilize ordinary press and common box electric furnace to weld the dissimilar metal of larger cross-section, big thickness, technological principle with similar vacuum diffusion welding, it is long welding interval to have overcome vacuum diffusion welding, the cost height, the technical difficulty height is to general industry and the uneconomic shortcoming of the product for civilian use.
2, the copper-aluminium joint electric conductivity that adopts crimping diffusion welding (DW) to connect is good, and intensity can satisfy instructions for use; The aluminium alloy that employing crimping diffusion welding (DW) connects and the intensity of stainless joint solder side have surpassed the tensile strength of aluminium alloy.
3, the present invention under non-vacuum environment, solved plane, the conical surface and the annular face of dissimilar metal welding method, once can realize many welding.
4, crimping diffusion welding (DW) anchor clamps can be reused.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that the prewelding fitting places the crimping diffusion welding (DW) anchor clamps of aluminum or aluminum alloy of the present invention and dissimilar metal.
Fig. 2 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Among the figure: 1, screw; 2, top board; 3, stainless steel; 4, aluminium alloy; 5, sheath; 6, lower bolster.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the invention is further specified:
In conjunction with Fig. 2, the aluminium alloy of present embodiment and stainless crimping diffusion welding craft specifically may further comprise the steps:
A, machined: with lathe aluminium alloy and stainless steel are processed into required size, make aluminium alloy and stainless prewelding surface smooth more good more;
B, surface treatment: with abrasive paper for metallograph polishing aluminium alloy and stainless prewelding surface, make surface to be welded bright and clean as far as possible; Acetone flush away aluminium alloy and stainless grease, clear water wash, soaked in distilled water 15～20 minutes, and welding surface is cleaned as far as possible;
C, cold pressing:, the aluminium alloy and the pre-face of weld of stainless steel are stacked between the top board 2 and lower bolster 6 that is put into anchor clamps face-to-face in conjunction with Fig. 1; For next step hot compression deformation is concentrated on the welding surface, special employing adds the method control distortion of sheath 5 at the non-solder side end of aluminium alloy; Smearing the aluminium oxide paint simultaneously around the aluminium alloy and the pre-face of weld of stainless steel invades to stop air; Cold pressing placing prewelding fitting between anchor clamps top board and the lower bolster to place on the hydraulic press, make air discharge between to be welded, make the pre-face of weld surface microscopic of aluminium alloy and stainless steel boss generation plastic deformation tear oxide-film, reach the engaged purpose of metallic matrix; To produce yield limit 70%-90% than the soft metal sample be standard with to be welded when colding pressing; Tighten screw 1 fastening top board on the anchor clamps and lower bolster after colding pressing to keep-up pressure;
D, thermodiffusion welding: above-mentioned protection treat weldment and the anchor clamps integral body well that compresses is put into the heat tracing that heats up in the cabinet-type electric furnace, get the weldment solid solubility temperature for the treatment of that wherein melting point metal is lower and carry out Diffusion Welding, for example the thermo-compressed temperature of 2A12 aluminium is chosen 495 ℃, and temperature retention time is about 30 minutes;
E, hot pressing: hot pressing once must not be above 20 seconds from being fetched into the pressure process time when requiring hot pressing on hydraulic press to take out anchor clamps integral body after above-mentioned diffusion welding (DW) is finished; Making position to be welded bore hole visible 30% above mushrooming deformation is standard; Target makes distortion fully takes place between the welding surface, to tear oxide-film, impels solder side two clock metallic atom interlocks, increase contact-making surface specific pressure to make it to occur fresh surface, is implemented in the diffusion welding (DW) under the pressure;
F, diffusion welding (DW) again: put into 495 ℃ of heating furnaces after hot pressing is finished once more and be incubated diffusion welding (DW), insulation 1～2.5h to strengthen the diffusion welding (DW) effect;
From batch-type furnace anchor clamps and taking-up seam metalwork air cooling, whole crimping diffusion welding craft flow process finished after g, diffusion welding (DW) were finished.
Wherein, what of clamping weldment size and quantity the top board 2 of anchor clamps be provided with according to decide, and its shape is usually designed to circle, also can be designed to square or rectangle, and is also indeformable as long as thickness can bear the required pressure of diffusion welding (DW) enough.
Claims (6)
1. the crimping diffusion welding craft of aluminum or aluminum alloy and dissimilar metal is characterized in that:
Comprising will be through the aluminum or aluminum alloy of handling early stage and the face-to-face overlapping top board of anchor clamps and the step between the lower bolster put into of the pre-face of weld of dissimilar metal prewelding fitting;
With the step that anchor clamps and to-be-welded pieces are colded pressing, the yield limit that pressure reaches than the soft metal is a standard; The step of the screw between fastening top board and lower bolster, reaching than 70%～90% of soft metal yield limit with fastening strength is standard;
To put into the step that the batch-type furnace heat tracing is tentatively finished diffusion welding (DW) through anchor clamps after colding pressing and to-be-welded pieces, temperature is 470～510 ° of C, and the time is 1.5～2.5 hours;
With the anchor clamps and the whole step of pressurizeing on forcing press of taking out of weldment that heated, the pressurization degree produces 30% above jumping-up with position to be welded and is deformed into standard; The step of fastening clips screw once more;
The step that anchor clamps after hot pressing finished and preliminary weldment are incubated diffusion welding (DW) once more requires 470～510 ° of C of temperature, insulation 1～2.5h;
The anchor clamps after diffusion welding (DW) finished and the step of weldment air cooling.
2. the crimping diffusion welding craft of aluminum or aluminum alloy according to claim 1 and dissimilar metal is characterized in that: the processing in early stage of prewelding fitting comprises is processed into needed size with the prewelding fitting, and guarantees the flatness on prewelding fitting prewelding surface; And to the step of the degrease deoxidation film that deoils of prewelding fitting.
3. the crimping diffusion welding craft of aluminum or aluminum alloy according to claim 1 and dissimilar metal is characterized in that: also be included in the step of smearing the protection against oxidation film before colding pressing around the faying face of prewelding fitting.
4. the crimping diffusion welding craft of aluminum or aluminum alloy according to claim 1 and dissimilar metal is characterized in that: also be included in and add the sheath that prevents the aluminium excessive deformation at the non-welding ends of prewelding fitting aluminum or aluminum alloy before colding pressing.
5. the crimping diffusion welding craft of aluminum or aluminum alloy according to claim 1 and dissimilar metal is characterized in that: must not be above 20 seconds from being fetched into the pressure process time when requiring weldment hot pressing.
6. the crimping diffusion welding craft of aluminum or aluminum alloy according to claim 1 and dissimilar metal is characterized in that: the pre-face of weld surface of described weldment dissimilar metal is plane, the conical surface or ring surface.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201110256606 CN102328153B (en) | 2011-09-01 | 2011-09-01 | Crimping diffusion welding process of aluminum or aluminum alloy and heterogeneous metal |
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| CN 201110256606 CN102328153B (en) | 2011-09-01 | 2011-09-01 | Crimping diffusion welding process of aluminum or aluminum alloy and heterogeneous metal |
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| CN102328153A CN102328153A (en) | 2012-01-25 |
| CN102328153B true CN102328153B (en) | 2013-07-31 |
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| CN109396725A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-03-01 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | A kind of Diffusion Welding tooling for large-scale liquid cooling framing structural member |
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| CN115416358A (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2022-12-02 | 山东英乐威装备科技有限公司 | Pressing process for silicon carbide reaction plate |
| CN115647822B (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-11-21 | 江苏博联硕焊接技术有限公司 | Secondary composite diffusion welding device for aluminum alloy cavity structural member and application method of secondary composite diffusion welding device |
| CN116275446B (en) * | 2023-04-12 | 2023-09-08 | 河北宇天材料科技有限公司 | Anti-deformation diffusion welding method for silicon aluminum-aluminum alloy material |
| CN116984726A (en) * | 2023-09-27 | 2023-11-03 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | Titanium alloy rectifying blade and limit control diffusion welding method for adjustable blade |
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| CN101337305A (en) * | 2008-08-13 | 2009-01-07 | 西北工业大学 | Welding method of silver base material and pure aluminium material |
| CN101920393A (en) * | 2010-09-25 | 2010-12-22 | 武汉理工大学 | Low-temperature diffusion welding method for magnesium alloy and aluminum alloy |
| CN102069290A (en) * | 2010-12-09 | 2011-05-25 | 上海工程技术大学 | Process for preparing Fe3Al/Al composite structure by diffusion bonding |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPS58128282A (en) * | 1982-01-28 | 1983-07-30 | Akebono Brake Ind Co Ltd | Die exchanger for multistages hot press molding device |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101148000A (en) * | 2006-09-21 | 2008-03-26 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | High temperature alloy complex groove structure panel and flange liquid phase diffusion connecting method |
| CN101337305A (en) * | 2008-08-13 | 2009-01-07 | 西北工业大学 | Welding method of silver base material and pure aluminium material |
| CN101920393A (en) * | 2010-09-25 | 2010-12-22 | 武汉理工大学 | Low-temperature diffusion welding method for magnesium alloy and aluminum alloy |
| CN102069290A (en) * | 2010-12-09 | 2011-05-25 | 上海工程技术大学 | Process for preparing Fe3Al/Al composite structure by diffusion bonding |
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