CN106077937B - A kind of preparation method of aluminum-copper duplex metal composite material - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of aluminum-copper duplex metal composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN106077937B CN106077937B CN201610473645.6A CN201610473645A CN106077937B CN 106077937 B CN106077937 B CN 106077937B CN 201610473645 A CN201610473645 A CN 201610473645A CN 106077937 B CN106077937 B CN 106077937B
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/02—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating by means of a press ; Diffusion bonding
- B23K20/023—Thermo-compression bonding
- B23K20/026—Thermo-compression bonding with diffusion of soldering material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/16—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating with interposition of special material to facilitate connection of the parts, e.g. material for absorbing or producing gas
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/22—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
- B23K20/233—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded without ferrous layer
- B23K20/2333—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded without ferrous layer one layer being aluminium, magnesium or beryllium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/24—Preliminary treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation methods of al cu bimetal composite material, aluminium block and copper billet are pre-processed respectively first, then tungsten fiber net that surface is deposited to nickel is placed between aluminium and copper, it is positioned over together in hot pressing grinding tool and carries out the diffusion molding of hot pressing microcell, obtain al cu bimetal composite material.The preparation method of al cu bimetal composite material of the present invention deposits the Ni of suitable thickness in tungsten fiber surface physics, is conducive to it to two side diffusion of aluminium and copper；Utilize aluminium and difference of the copper on fusing point, ensure that the fine aluminium of hot conditions lower surface fusing forms micron order interface cohesion tissue by the diffusion of tungsten fiber microcell with solid-state copper alloy, realize both aluminium and copper metallurgical binding, the double metallic composite material of formation is other than with aluminium and copper respectively superior function, also there is higher boundary strength simultaneously, interface shear strength is up to 100Mpa or more.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to double metallic composite material preparing technical fields, and in particular to a kind of aluminum-copper duplex metal composite material
Preparation method.
Background technology
The connection of Al-Cu dissimilar metals is widely used in metallurgy, electric power, chemical industry, refrigeration and aerospace industry, mesh
Before, the method for mainly using the welding such as fusion casting, explosion weldering, agitating friction weldering realizes the bimetallic connections of Al-Cu.But due to
Two kinds of melting point metals of Al, Cu differ 424 DEG C, and 40% or more linear expansion coefficient difference, conductivity also differs 70% or more.And
Al, Cu are the active metal elements easily aoxidized, and in the welding process, two kinds of metals not only easily form metal oxide, also
Easily intermetallic compound CuAl is generated in interface2, this brittle phase causes the material bond strength after the connection of two kinds of metals
Low, shear strength is generally 50-60MPa, and crackle is easily generated during use.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation methods of aluminum-copper duplex metal composite material, solve prior art system
Standby Solder for Al-Cu Joint Welding composite material bond strength is low, easy the problem of generating crackle during use.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is a kind of preparation method of aluminum-copper duplex metal composite material, right respectively first
Aluminium block and copper billet are pre-processed, and then tungsten fiber net that surface is deposited to nickel is placed between aluminium and copper, is positioned over hot pressing together
The diffusion molding of hot pressing microcell is carried out in grinding tool, obtains aluminum-copper duplex metal composite material.
The features of the present invention also characterized in that
The pretreatment of aluminium block and copper billet：By fine copper or fine aluminium be immersed in 10% nitric acid alcohol carry out pickling, pickling 1~
5min, then use alcohol washes.
Tungsten fiber net surface deposition nickel is to use alcohol rinse tungsten fiber net surface oil stain, is subsequently placed into physical vapour deposition (PVD) stove
In vacuumize, when vacuum degree reaches 6.67 × 10-2After Pa, to 10~30min of tungsten fiber net surface deposition nickel.
Hot pressing microcell spreads molding detailed process：The tungsten fiber net that surface is deposited to nickel is placed between aluminium and copper, and one
And it is positioned over hot pressing grinding tool, then hot pressing die is put into vacuum sintering funace, vacuum sintering funace is vacuumized, when
Vacuum degree reaches 6.67 × 10 in sintering furnace-3Pa~6.67 × 10-220~60min of sintering is begun to warm up after Pa, heating temperature arrives
10~90min is kept the temperature after 580~640 DEG C, is given hot pressing die pressurization 2-6Mpa in heating process, is waited for that Solder for Al-Cu Joint Welding completes microcell diffusion
After molding, furnace cooling.
The invention has the advantages that the preparation method of aluminum-copper duplex metal composite material of the present invention, in tungsten fiber surface object
The Ni of reason deposition suitable thickness, is conducive to it to two side diffusion of aluminium and copper；Using aluminium and difference of the copper on fusing point, ensure high temperature
Under the conditions of surface melting fine aluminium pass through tungsten fiber microcell diffusion with solid-state copper alloy formed micron order interface cohesion tissue, realize
Both aluminium and copper metallurgical binding, the double metallic composite material of formation also have other than with aluminium and copper respectively superior function
There is higher boundary strength, interface shear strength is up to 100Mpa or more.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that embodiment 2 prepares aluminum-copper duplex metal composite material interface combined area tissue；
Fig. 2 is the shear strength curve of aluminum-copper duplex metal composite material prepared by embodiment 2.
Specific implementation mode
The following describes the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The preparation method of aluminum-copper duplex metal composite material of the present invention, first respectively pre-processes aluminium block and copper billet, so
The tungsten fiber net that surface is deposited to nickel afterwards is placed between aluminium and copper, is positioned over progress hot pressing microcell in hot pressing grinding tool together and is diffused into
Type obtains aluminum-copper duplex metal composite material.
The specific steps are：
Step 1, fine copper or fine aluminium are immersed in 10% nitric acid alcohol and carry out pickling, 1~5min of pickling, then use alcohol washes
It is spare afterwards
Step 2, it with alcohol rinse tungsten fiber net surface oil stain, is subsequently placed into physical vapour deposition (PVD) stove and vacuumizes, surely
Reciprocal of duty cycle reaches 6.67 × 10-2After Pa, to 10~30min of tungsten fiber net surface deposition nickel；
Step 3, the tungsten fiber net that surface is deposited to nickel is placed between aluminium and copper, is positioned over hot pressing grinding tool together, then will
Hot pressing die is put into vacuum sintering funace, oxide is occurred on interface in order to prevent, is vacuumized to vacuum sintering funace,
When vacuum degree reaches 6.67 × 10 in sintering furnace-3Pa~6.67 × 10-220~60min of sintering, heating temperature are begun to warm up after Pa
10~90min is kept the temperature after to 580~640 DEG C, hot pressing die pressurization 2-6Mpa is given in heating process, waits for that Solder for Al-Cu Joint Welding is completed microcell and expanded
After dissipating molding, furnace cooling obtains aluminum-copper duplex metal composite material.
Ni materials can form porous structure Interface Microstructure, Ni as tungsten fiber surface deposition materials, wherein Ni elements with Al
It is infinitely dissolved with Cu；When preparing aluminum-copper duplex metal composite material, the tungsten fibers of different meshes can be isolated fine aluminium and fine copper it
Between integrally spread, inhibit metalwork compound generate CuAl2, strengthen aluminum-copper duplex metal material interface tissue, realize that Solder for Al-Cu Joint Welding is double
Metal material high-strength metallurgical combines.
The preparation method of aluminum-copper duplex metal composite material of the present invention, combination interface is uniform, while also having higher interface
Intensity, interface shear strength reach as high as 100Mpa or more, and preparation process is simple and reliable, environmentally protective.
Embodiment 1
Aluminum-copper duplex metal composite material is prepared, is Φ 30mm × 20mm cylinders by fine aluminium processing dimension, meanwhile, prepare
Size is the fine copper of Φ 30mm × 30mm；
Fine copper and fine aluminium are immersed in 10% nitric acid alcohol and carry out pickling, pickling 1min, then standby with being preserved after alcohol washes
With；
By the tungsten fiber net of 30 mesh alcohol rinse surface oil stain, it is subsequently placed into physical vapour deposition (PVD) stove and vacuumizes, when
Vacuum degree reaches 6.67 × 10-2After Pa, to the tungsten fiber net surface deposition Ni materials 15min of 30 mesh；
Fine aluminium, 30 mesh tungsten fiber nets, fine copper are positioned over the hot-die in HVRY-2 type high vacuum high temperature hot pressing sintering furnaces
In tool, occur oxide on interface in order to prevent, stove evacuation is sintered to HVRY-2 type high vacuum high temperature hot pressings first, works as vacuum
Vacuum degree reaches 6.67 × 10 in hot pressing furnace-2After Pa, 30min is heated, temperature is given to 40min is kept the temperature after 600 DEG C in heating process
Hot pressing die pressurization 3Mpa, after Solder for Al-Cu Joint Welding completes microcell diffusion molding, furnace cooling, you can obtain high intensity aluminum-copper duplex metal
Material, interface shear strength is up to 96MPa.
Embodiment 2
Aluminum-copper duplex metal composite material is prepared, is Φ 40mm × 30mm cylinders by fine aluminium processing dimension, meanwhile, prepare
Size is the fine copper of Φ 40mm × 30mm；
Fine copper and fine aluminium are immersed in 10% nitric acid alcohol and carry out pickling, pickling 2min, then standby with being preserved after alcohol washes
With；
By the tungsten fiber net of 60 mesh alcohol rinse surface oil stain, it is subsequently placed into physical vapour deposition (PVD) stove and vacuumizes, when
Vacuum degree reaches 6.67 × 10-2After Pa, to the tungsten fiber net surface deposition Ni materials 20min of 60 mesh；
Fine aluminium, 60 mesh tungsten fiber nets, fine copper are positioned over the hot-die in HVRY-2 type high vacuum high temperature hot pressing sintering furnaces
In tool, occur oxide on interface in order to prevent, stove evacuation is sintered to HVRY-2 type high vacuum high temperature hot pressings first, works as vacuum
Vacuum degree reaches 3.34 × 10 in hot pressing furnace-2After Pa, 35min is heated, temperature is given to 50min is kept the temperature after 620 DEG C in heating process
Hot pressing die pressurization 4Mpa, after Solder for Al-Cu Joint Welding completes microcell diffusion molding, furnace cooling, you can obtain high intensity aluminum-copper duplex metal
Material, interface shear strength is up to 104MPa.
Fig. 1 is the combination interface tissue of aluminum-copper duplex metal composite material manufactured in the present embodiment, is fine aluminium on the left of Fig. 1
(Al), right side is fine copper (Cu), and central web structure is combined closely for the fine aluminium and fine copper of interface transition layer and both sides, and also
With the presence of the tungsten fiber of white, play the role of strengthening interface.
Fig. 2 is that aluminum-copper duplex metal composite material manufactured in the present embodiment carries out shearing experiment, and the shear strength obtained is bent
Line, as can see from Figure 2 under embodiment the shear strength at interface up to 104.2Mpa.
Embodiment 3
Aluminum-copper duplex metal composite material is prepared, is Φ 40mm × 30mm cylinders by fine aluminium processing dimension, meanwhile, prepare
Size is the fine copper of Φ 40mm × 30mm；
Fine copper and fine aluminium are immersed in 10% nitric acid alcohol and carry out pickling, pickling 3min, then standby with being preserved after alcohol washes
With；
By the tungsten fiber net of 100 mesh alcohol rinse surface oil stain, it is subsequently placed into physical vapour deposition (PVD) stove and vacuumizes, when
Vacuum degree reaches 6.67 × 10-2After Pa, to the tungsten fiber net surface deposition Ni materials 25min of 100 mesh；
Fine aluminium, 100 mesh tungsten fiber nets, fine copper are positioned over the hot-die in HVRY-2 type high vacuum high temperature hot pressing sintering furnaces
In tool, occur oxide on interface in order to prevent, stove evacuation is sintered to HVRY-2 type high vacuum high temperature hot pressings first, works as vacuum
Vacuum degree reaches 3.34 × 10 in hot pressing furnace-2After Pa, 40min is heated, temperature is given to 50min is kept the temperature after 630 DEG C in heating process
Hot pressing die pressurization 4Mpa, after Solder for Al-Cu Joint Welding completes microcell diffusion molding, furnace cooling, you can obtain high intensity aluminum-copper duplex metal
Material, interface shear strength is up to 100MPa.
Embodiment 4
Aluminum-copper duplex metal composite material is prepared, is Φ 50mm × 30mm cylinders by fine aluminium processing dimension, meanwhile, prepare
Size is the fine copper of Φ 50mm × 30mm；
Fine copper and fine aluminium are immersed in 10% nitric acid alcohol and carry out pickling, pickling 2min, then standby with being preserved after alcohol washes
With；
By the tungsten fiber net of 150 mesh alcohol rinse surface oil stain, it is subsequently placed into physical vapour deposition (PVD) stove and vacuumizes, when
Vacuum degree reaches 6.67 × 10-2After Pa, to the tungsten fiber net surface deposition Ni materials 25min of 150 mesh；
Fine aluminium, 150 mesh tungsten fiber nets, fine copper are positioned over the hot-die in HVRY-2 type high vacuum high temperature hot pressing sintering furnaces
In tool, occur oxide on interface in order to prevent, stove evacuation is sintered to HVRY-2 type high vacuum high temperature hot pressings first, works as vacuum
Vacuum degree reaches 6.67 × 10 in hot pressing furnace-3After Pa, 40min is heated, temperature is given to 60min is kept the temperature after 630 DEG C in heating process
Hot pressing die pressurization 5Mpa, after Solder for Al-Cu Joint Welding completes microcell diffusion molding, furnace cooling, you can obtain high intensity aluminum-copper duplex metal
Material, interface shear strength is up to 89MPa.
Embodiment 5
Aluminum-copper duplex metal composite material is prepared, is Φ 40mm × 30mm cylinders by fine aluminium processing dimension, meanwhile, prepare
Size is the fine copper of Φ 40mm × 30mm；
Fine copper and fine aluminium are immersed in 10% nitric acid alcohol and carry out pickling, pickling 4min, then standby with being preserved after alcohol washes
With；
By the tungsten fiber net of 100 mesh alcohol rinse surface oil stain, it is subsequently placed into physical vapour deposition (PVD) stove and vacuumizes, when
Vacuum degree reaches 6.67 × 10-2After Pa, to the tungsten fiber net surface deposition Ni materials 10min of 100 mesh；
Fine aluminium, 100 mesh tungsten fiber nets, fine copper are positioned over the hot-die in HVRY-2 type high vacuum high temperature hot pressing sintering furnaces
In tool, occur oxide on interface in order to prevent, stove evacuation is sintered to HVRY-2 type high vacuum high temperature hot pressings first, works as vacuum
Vacuum degree reaches 9.54 × 10 in hot pressing furnace-3After Pa, 60min is heated, temperature is given to 10min is kept the temperature after 640 DEG C in heating process
Hot pressing die pressurization 6Mpa, after Solder for Al-Cu Joint Welding completes microcell diffusion molding, furnace cooling, you can obtain high intensity aluminum-copper duplex metal
Material.
Embodiment 4
Aluminum-copper duplex metal composite material is prepared, is Φ 50mm × 30mm cylinders by fine aluminium processing dimension, meanwhile, prepare
Size is the fine copper of Φ 50mm × 30mm；
Fine copper and fine aluminium are immersed in 10% nitric acid alcohol and carry out pickling, pickling 5min, then standby with being preserved after alcohol washes
With；
By the tungsten fiber net of 150 mesh alcohol rinse surface oil stain, it is subsequently placed into physical vapour deposition (PVD) stove and vacuumizes, when
Vacuum degree reaches 6.67 × 10-2After Pa, to the tungsten fiber net surface deposition Ni materials 30min of 150 mesh；
Fine aluminium, 150 mesh tungsten fiber nets, fine copper are positioned over the hot-die in HVRY-2 type high vacuum high temperature hot pressing sintering furnaces
In tool, occur oxide on interface in order to prevent, stove evacuation is sintered to HVRY-2 type high vacuum high temperature hot pressings first, works as vacuum
Vacuum degree reaches 8.89 × 10 in hot pressing furnace-3After Pa, 20min is heated, temperature is given to 90min is kept the temperature after 580 DEG C in heating process
Hot pressing die pressurization 2Mpa, after Solder for Al-Cu Joint Welding completes microcell diffusion molding, furnace cooling, you can obtain high intensity aluminum-copper duplex metal
Material.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of preparation method of aluminum-copper duplex metal composite material, which is characterized in that carried out respectively to aluminium block and copper billet first pre-
Processing, then tungsten fiber net that surface is deposited to nickel are placed between aluminium and copper, and it is micro- to be positioned over progress hot pressing in hot pressing grinding tool together
Area's diffusion molding, obtains aluminum-copper duplex metal composite material.
2. the preparation method of aluminum-copper duplex metal composite material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that aluminium block and copper billet
Pretreatment：Fine copper or fine aluminium are immersed in 10% nitric acid alcohol and carry out pickling, 1~5min of pickling, then uses alcohol washes.
3. the preparation method of aluminum-copper duplex metal composite material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that tungsten fiber netlist
Face deposition nickel is to use alcohol rinse tungsten fiber net surface oil stain, is subsequently placed into physical vapour deposition (PVD) stove and vacuumizes, works as vacuum degree
Reach 6.67 × 10-2After Pa, to 10~30min of tungsten fiber net surface deposition nickel.
4. the preparation method of aluminum-copper duplex metal composite material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that hot pressing microcell expands
Dissipating molding detailed process is：The tungsten fiber net that surface is deposited to nickel is placed between aluminium and copper, is positioned over hot pressing grinding tool together, so
Hot pressing die is put into vacuum sintering funace afterwards, vacuum sintering funace is vacuumized, when vacuum degree reaches in sintering furnace
6.67×10-3Pa~6.67 × 10-2Begin to warm up 20~60min of sintering after Pa, heating temperature is to keeping the temperature 10 after 620~640 DEG C
~90min gives in heating process hot pressing die to pressurize 2-6Mpa, after Solder for Al-Cu Joint Welding completes microcell diffusion molding, furnace cooling.
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