CN102325617A - 具有流体流动结构的切削工具和切削刀片 - Google Patents
具有流体流动结构的切削工具和切削刀片 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
切削工具,其包括:切削刀片,该切削刀片板包括顶表面、底表面、用于抵靠夹具的夹紧表面、切削刃、从底表面延伸穿过刀片到夹紧表面的孔、以及从夹紧表面延伸到切削刃附近的沟槽;以及工具保持器,该工具保持器包括具有用于容纳刀片的凹座的工具保持器本体、用于与夹紧表面接触并将刀片夹紧于凹座内的夹具、以及本体内的与刀片内的孔流动连通的工具保持器通道。还提供一种切削刀片。
Description
技术领域
本发明总的涉及切削工具和切削刀片并且更特别地涉及具有流体流动沟槽的切削工具和刀片。
背景技术
为切削刀片的切削刃提供润滑和/或冷却流体的传统技术一般涉及将流体经由用于切削刀片的工具保持器内的开口引入,或经由指向切削刃处的喷嘴引入。一些切削刀片包括形成在刀片内的沟槽,其与设置在工具保持器本体内的沟槽流动连通并且便于将流体从该沟槽引入。切削刀片内这些流体流动沟槽的设置趋向于使刀片的制造相当复杂,且沟槽能削弱刀片。希望提供一种切削工具和切削刀片,其便于流体引入到刀片的切削刃,使制造复杂度最小化。也希望提供一种切削工具和切削刀片,其在大致不影响刀片的强度的情况下便于流体引入到切削刃。
发明内容
依据本发明的一方面,切削刀片包括顶表面、底表面、用于抵靠夹具的夹紧表面、切削刃、从底表面延伸穿过刀片到夹紧表面的孔、以及从夹紧表面延伸到切削刃的附近且向内的位置的沟槽。
依据本发明的一方面,切削工具包括切削刀片和工具保持器,该切削刀片包括顶表面、底表面、夹紧表面、切削刃、从底表面延伸穿过刀片到夹紧表面的孔、以及从夹紧表面延伸到切削刃附近的沟槽,该工具保持器包括具有用于容纳刀片的凹座的工具保持器本体、用于与夹紧表面接触并将刀片夹紧于凹座内的夹具、以及与刀片内的孔相流动连通的本体内的工具保持器通道。
附图说明
通过结合附图来阅读下面的详细描述,可以很好地理解本发明的特征和优点,图中相同的数字指示类似的元件,其中:
图1A是依据本发明的一方面的切削工具的一部分的侧向剖视图,并且图1B和图1C分别是依据本发明的一方面的切削工具的部件的侧视图和顶视图;以及
图2A、图2B、图2C以及图2D分别是依据本发明的一方面的刀片的顶视图、侧视图、侧向剖视图以及侧视局部剖视图。
具体实施方式
依据本发明的一方面的说明性切削工具21示于图1A。切削工具21包括切削刀片23,该切削刀片23包括顶表面25和底表面27。刀片23还包括用于抵靠夹具31的夹紧表面29和切削刃33。孔35从底表面27延伸穿过刀片23到夹紧表面29。沟槽37从夹紧表面29延伸到切削刃33附近且向内的位置。
切削工具21还包括工具保持器39,该工具保持器39包括具有用于容纳刀片23的凹座43的工具保持器本体41。工具保持器39还包括上述夹具31,其用于接触夹紧表面29并将刀片夹紧于凹座43内。工具保持器39还包括本体41内的工具保持器通道45,其与刀片23内的孔35流动连通。因为许多刀片类型已经加工有用于延伸穿过的夹紧件的孔,所以通过设置切削工具21和切削刀片23,使所述切削工具21和切削刀片23具有从工具保持器通道45延伸穿过孔35的流体流动通道P以及从夹紧表面延伸到切削刃33附近的沟槽37,其中所述孔35从底表面27延伸穿过刀片到夹紧表面29,对刀片切削刃的流体引入可以以最小化加工复杂度且大致不影响刀片的强度的方式来实现。
在图1A-图1C示出的切削工具21和切削工具的部件中,夹具31可以包括夹紧臂47,其具有用于与夹紧表面29接触的臂夹紧表面49。如在图1A所示的刀片23中,夹紧表面29是截锥体的形式,臂夹紧表面49的后端51一般是被圆化的,如局部球形或以圆锥或截锥体的形式,从而使得在夹紧表面29和臂夹紧表面49之间大致是线接触。
如同传统臂夹紧型夹具一样,当将夹紧臂47固定到工具保持器39的本体41的螺栓53被紧固时,臂将趋向于枢转,而臂夹紧表面49将趋向于迫使刀片23朝向螺栓53并进入凹座43的角部55。如图1C所示,一般地,刀片23的刃表面59上的至少两个侧刀片支撑点或区域57a和57b将与在凹座的侧表面63上的相应的邻接点或区域61a和61b(以虚线示出)接触。夹紧臂47的前部65可以包括凹槽67,以便于,当臂夹紧表面49的后端51接触刀片23的夹紧表面29时,夹紧臂将不会阻止孔35和沟槽37之间的流动连通。
作为具有夹紧臂的夹具的替代,夹具可以采用其它合适的形式,如具有夹紧表面的螺栓,该螺栓延伸穿过刀片内的孔并与工具保持器内的螺纹开口相配合。螺栓可以具有用于允许流体流过孔到沟槽的通道。用于使流体偏转到沟槽内的偏转表面可以设置在螺栓上,例如,设置在螺栓头部下方的螺栓内的通道的顶部处,或可以单独设置,例如设置在工具保持器上或在例如可以通过螺栓而固定的单独构件上。
如在图1A和1B中看到的,工具保持器39可以包括布置于凹座43中的垫片69。如在图1A中看到的,工具保持器通道45至少部分地延伸穿过垫片69。装配件71可以延伸穿过垫片69内的孔73并进入工具保持器本体41内的开口75。装配件71可以是螺栓,而开口75可以是用于与螺栓配合的螺纹开口,然而,图1A示出了一个装配件,其仅延伸穿过垫片内的孔73进入开口并包括开口端77,该开口端77例如通过将该开口端连接到与冷却和/或润滑流体(如,液体、空气等)的储存器相连接的软管上的装配件或通过将软管上的装配件连接到工具保持器本体上的形成工具保持器通道45的一部分的开口81而与流体源S流动连通。工具保持器通道45可以至少部分地延伸穿过垫片69内的孔73,并可以至少部分地延伸穿过装配件71。装配件71可以包括扩大端79,该扩大端79被防止整个穿过垫片69中的孔73。
如在图2A和2C中看到的,刀片23内的孔35包括沿长度具有大致恒定直径的第一部分83和具有在至少部分长度上变化的直径的第二部分85。一般地,孔35的第二部分85是与孔35的轴线限定出角度θ(图2D示出的45°的角)的截头圆锥部或大致截头圆锥部。第二部分85可以包括夹紧表面29的至少一部分,并且一般地,夹紧表面包括被沟槽37中断的大致平滑的表面。“平滑”在这里的意思是像直接地挤压表面的表面,其不呈现高的表面粗糙度或不平齐。孔35的第一部分83也可以形成夹紧表面29的至少一部分。如在图1A中所看到的,臂夹紧表面49的后端51包括意图与刀片的孔35的第一部分83抵靠的第一部分87和意图与孔的第二部分85抵靠的截头圆锥部89。通过在臂夹紧表面49的前部65处设置凹槽67,可以确保将凹槽定位成使得不阻塞沟槽37。
如图2C中所看到的,沟槽37可以切成圆弧形,具有半径R,并且沟槽的深度一般在沟槽的位于夹紧表面29处的第一端91处大于切削刃33附近且向内的第二端93。沟槽37的位于沟槽的第一端91处的深度可以大于孔35的第二部分85的深度。在图1所示的刀片23中,沟槽37的深度朝着切削刃减小,使得沟槽的第二端93在切削刃33前融合到顶表面25中。顶表面25包括在切削刃33和沟槽37的第二端93之间的加强几何结构或刃带面(land surface)95。断屑器97可以设置在沟槽37的相对侧上。
在包括至少两个切削刃33的刀片23中,如在图2A-图2C中所看到的,可以设置至少两个沟槽37(如在图2A和图2C中所看到的),并且至少两个沟槽中的至少一个沟槽从夹紧表面29延伸到切削刃33中的相应一个切削刃33附近且向内。沟槽37的一些或全部被布置在臂夹紧表面49下面,如图1A中所看到的。如果需要的话,则另外的沟槽可以设置在每个切削刃附近。在仅包括单个切削刃的刀片中,例如,至少一个沟槽从夹紧表面延伸到切削刃附近,并且如果需要的话,可以设置另外的沟槽。
图1A-图2D示出了单面切削刀片,然而,将理解的是刀片可以是双面刀片。图1A和图1C示出了在车削操作中使用的切削工具和刀片,然而,将理解的是切削工具和刀片可以在任何切削操作中使用。
在本申请中,如“包括”的措辞的使用是开放式的,并且意图与措辞如“包含”具有相同的含义,且不排除出现其它结构、材料或动作。类似地,尽管如“能”或“可以”的措辞的使用意图是开放式的并反映出结构、材料或动作并不是必需的,但是不使用这些措辞并不意图反映结构、材料或动作是不可缺少的。对于当前认为结构、材料或动作是必不可少的来讲,其被这样确定。
尽管本发明已经依据优选实施例进行了图示和描述,但是应当意识到,可以在不脱离权利要求书所陈述的本发明的情况下进行变形和改变。
本申请要求优先权的瑞典专利申请No.0950092-7中的公开内容在此通过引用并入。
Claims (15)
1.一种切削刀片(23),所述切削刀片(23)包括顶表面(25)、底表面(27)、用于抵靠夹具(31)的夹紧表面(29)、以及切削刃(33),其特征在于,孔(35)从所述底表面(27)延伸穿过所述刀片(23)并形成所述夹紧表面(29)的至少一部分,并且所述刀片包括沟槽(37),所述沟槽(37)从所述夹紧表面(29)延伸到所述切削刃(33)附近且向内的位置。
2.如权利要求1所述的切削刀片(23),其特征在于所述孔(35)包括第一部分(83),第一部分沿其长度具有大致恒定直径,和第二部分(85),第二部分具有在其至少部分长度上变化的直径。
3.如权利要求2所述的切削刀片(23),其特征在于所述第二部分(85)包括大致截头圆锥部。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的切削刀片(23),其特征在于所述夹紧表面(29)包括被所述沟槽(37)中断的大致平滑表面。
5.如权利要求1所述的切削刀片(23),其特征在于所述孔(35)的第一部分(83)形成所述夹紧表面(29)的至少一部分。
6.如权利要求1所述的切削刀片(23),其特征在于所述沟槽(37)的在所述夹紧表面(29)处的深度大于在所述切削刃(33)附近的深度。
7.如权利要求6所述的切削刀片(23),其特征在于所述沟槽(37)的深度朝向所述切削刃(33)减小,使得所述沟槽(37)的第二端(93)在所述切削刃(33)之前融合于所述顶表面(25)中。
8.如权利要求6所述的切削刀片(23),其特征在于所述顶表面(25)包括位于所述切削刃(33)和所述沟槽(37)的第二端(93)之间的刃带面(95)。
9.如权利要求1所述的切削刀片(23),其特征在于所述刀片(23)包括在所述沟槽(37)相对侧上的断屑器(97)。
10.如权利要求1所述的切削刀片(23),其特征在于所述刀片(23)包括至少两个切削刃(33)和至少两个沟槽(37),所述至少两个沟槽(37)中的至少一个沟槽(37)从所述夹紧表面(29)延伸到所述切削刃(33)中的相应一个切削刃(33)的附近且向内。
11.一种切削工具(21),所述切削工具(21)包括:切削刀片(23),所述切削刀片(23)包括顶表面(25)、底表面(27)、夹紧表面(29)、切削刃(33);以及工具保持器(39),所述工具保持器(39)包括具有用于容纳所述刀片(23)的凹座(43)的工具保持器本体(41)、以及用于与所述夹紧表面(29)接触并将所述刀片(23)夹紧于所述凹座内的夹具(31),其特征在于,孔(35)从所述底表面(27)延伸穿过所述刀片(23)并形成所述夹紧表面(29)的至少一部分,且所述刀片包括从所述夹紧表面(29)延伸到所述切削刃(33)附近的沟槽(37),并且所述工具保持器包括所述本体(41)中的与所述刀片(23)中的所述孔(35)流动连通的工具保持器通道(45)。
12.如权利要求11所述的切削工具(21),其特征在于所述夹具(31)包括夹紧臂(47),所述夹紧臂(47)具有用于与所述夹紧表面(29)接触的臂夹紧表面(49)。
13.如权利要求12所述的切削工具(21),其特征在于所述夹紧臂(49)的前部(65)包括凹槽(67),以便于从所述孔(35)到所述沟槽(37)的流体流动。
14.如权利要求12所述的切削工具(21),其特征在于所述沟槽(37)至少部分地布置在所述臂夹紧表面(49)下面。
15.如权利要求11所述的切削工具(21),其特征在于所述工具保持器(39)包括布置在所述凹座(43)中的垫片(69),所述工具保持器通道(45)至少部分地延伸穿过所述垫片(69)。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
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SE0950092A SE0950092A1 (sv) | 2009-02-20 | 2009-02-20 | Skärverktyg och skär med fluidströmningsstrukturer |
SE0950092-7 | 2009-02-20 | ||
PCT/SE2010/050194 WO2010096014A1 (en) | 2009-02-20 | 2010-02-19 | Cutting tool and cutting insert with fluid flow structures |
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CN102325617A true CN102325617A (zh) | 2012-01-18 |
CN102325617B CN102325617B (zh) | 2015-09-02 |
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CN201080008704.3A Active CN102325617B (zh) | 2009-02-20 | 2010-02-19 | 具有流体流动结构的切削工具和切削刀片 |
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US (2) | US9302326B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2398613B1 (zh) |
KR (2) | KR20110116035A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN102325617B (zh) |
BR (1) | BRPI1007857A2 (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2531212C2 (zh) |
SE (1) | SE0950092A1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2010096014A1 (zh) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20130017024A1 (en) | 2013-01-17 |
SE533017C2 (sv) | 2010-06-08 |
EP2398613A1 (en) | 2011-12-28 |
WO2010096014A1 (en) | 2010-08-26 |
BRPI1007857A2 (pt) | 2016-02-16 |
EP2398613A4 (en) | 2012-08-08 |
RU2011138411A (ru) | 2013-03-27 |
SE0950092A1 (sv) | 2010-06-08 |
EP2398613B1 (en) | 2020-01-01 |
KR20110116035A (ko) | 2011-10-24 |
KR20170004035A (ko) | 2017-01-10 |
US9302326B2 (en) | 2016-04-05 |
US11097351B2 (en) | 2021-08-24 |
US20110299944A1 (en) | 2011-12-08 |
RU2531212C2 (ru) | 2014-10-20 |
CN102325617B (zh) | 2015-09-02 |
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