CN102242302A - Preparation method of layered ternary ceramic reinforced copper composite material - Google Patents
Preparation method of layered ternary ceramic reinforced copper composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN102242302A CN102242302A CN2011101759608A CN201110175960A CN102242302A CN 102242302 A CN102242302 A CN 102242302A CN 2011101759608 A CN2011101759608 A CN 2011101759608A CN 201110175960 A CN201110175960 A CN 201110175960A CN 102242302 A CN102242302 A CN 102242302A
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- powder
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of powder metallurgy, and in particular relates to a preparation method of a layered ternary ceramic reinforced copper composite material. According to the preparation method, the reinforced effect of a strengthening phase can be fully exerted and the synergistic effect of a substrate and the strengthening phase are also fully exerted, so that the conductivity of the material is well matched with the strength of the substrate. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) carrying out ball-milling and mixing on 2wt%-45wt% of layered ternary metal ceramic powder and remained copper powder in a ball mill; (2) carrying out mould pressing on the mixed powder obtained in the step (1) so as to form a blocky green body; and (3) at the hydrogen or noble gas atmosphere, warming up the blocky green body to 800 DEG C-1250 DEG C at the warming speed rate of 20-40 DEG C/min, insulating for 0.5-3 hours, and cooling so as to obtain the layered ternary ceramic reinforced copper composite material.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to powder metallurgical technology, particularly a kind of stratiform ternary ceramics strengthens the preparation method of metallic copper matrix material.
Background technology
M
N+1AX
nIn the ternary compound system of phase, M is a transition element, and A is III, and some element in the IV main group, X are C or N, n=1,2,3.According to the different values of n, traditionally again with n=1,2 or 3 M
N+1AX
nThe phase compound is referred to as 211 phases, 312 phase or 413 phases respectively.All M
N+1AX
nThe phase compound has identical stratiform hexagonal crystallographic texture.Their the existing covalent linkage of atom combination, ionic linkage have metallic bond again, thereby have concurrently metal and the pottery character, as heat conduction, electroconductibility, heat-shock resistance and the workability of metalloid, the oxidation-resistance of similar pottery, wear resistance, self lubricity, erosion resistance and high thermal resistance.Therefore, having important use in a lot of fields is worth.
Chinese patent CN101028749A discloses " a kind of (Cu-Al)/(Ti
3C
2-Cu-Al) stratified composite and preparation method thereof ", this method is with Ti
3AlC
2Powder and copper powder are cold-pressed into the stratiform base substrate after successively alternately laying, and then base substrate are placed in the High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus, under argon shield, furnace temperature are risen to 1100-1200 ℃, and insulation 15-60min postcooling promptly obtains stratified composite; The Ti of this material
3C
2-Cu-Al layer has good wear resistance and anti-invasive, the Cu-Al layer absorbs the energy of outside applied load by viscous deformation, thereby have the ability of good wear-resisting and shock-resistant load, can be used for making members such as high performance bearing shell, bearing housing and anti-armour-piercing guard shield.Chinese patent CN1844439A discloses " a kind of Cu/Ti
3AlC
2Matrix material and infiltration sintering method for preparing same thereof ".Ti in this material
3AlC
2Volume content be 25-85%, all the other are Cu; This preparation methods: with Ti
3AlC
2Powder is cold-pressed into the base substrate that voidage is 15-75%, this base substrate is placed in the plumbago crucible to bury with the Cu powder cover, and under argon shield furnace temperature is risen to 1100-1200 ℃, insulation 10-60min, fused Cu by with Ti
3AlC
2Interfacial tension between the particle is infiltrated up to Ti
3AlC
2The space of base substrate promptly obtains Cu/Ti after the cooling
3AlC
2Matrix material; This material has distinguishing features such as high strength, high conductivity, abrasion performance, can be widely used in the key part of manufacturing machine, electrician, chemical industry and energy field.But the matrix material of above-mentioned two kinds of methods preparation all might be because of the uneven performance that influences material of the infiltration of copper.
Copper has performances such as excellent conduction, heat conduction, corrosion-resistant, easy extension, therefore is widely used in fields such as power electronics, machinofacture.But intensity, the hardness of copper are lower, and thermotolerance and wearing no resistance has limited its working conditions and life-span.In order once to attempt various possible approach exceeding the mechanical property of improving copper under the prerequisite of sacrificing electroconductibility and thermal conductivity.The reinforcement of general copper has two kinds of thinkings: the one, and solution strengthening, but because at high temperature recrystallize, second phase alligatoring and the dissolving will take place in metal, therefore all be difficult to prove effective as ordinary methods such as work hardening, precipitation-hardenings, solution strengthening can reduce the electric conductivity of material again greatly; The 2nd, introduce second and strengthen mutually, form Cu-base composites, its principle of design is the requirement according to material property, select suitable wild phase (one or more) for use, when keeping copper matrix high conductivity, give full play to the enhancement of strengthening phase and the synergy of the two, make the electroconductibility of material and matrix strength reach good coupling.
With novel lamellar ternary ceramics M
N+1AX
nThe series conductivity ceramics is applied to strengthen Cu-base composites and has broad application prospects.This class pottery not only has excellent conducting performance, and has good mechanical property and heat conductivility, especially M
N+1AX
nHave the equally good self lubricity of image-stone China ink mutually, can with the Cu-base composites such as current collection slide plate of the compound preparation brush of copper, slip electrical contact material and electriclocomotive.Therefore, carry out M
N+1AX
nMutually and the preparation of Cu matrix material and study significant.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of stratiform ternary ceramics to strengthen the preparation method of metallic copper matrix material, this matrix material has improved the infiltration inequality of copper, has good electrical conductivity and bending strength, is easy to suitability for industrialized production.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of stratiform ternary ceramics strengthens the preparation method of metallic copper matrix material, it is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
(1) stratiform ternary metal ceramics powder and the surplus copper powder ball milling in ball mill with 2wt%～45wt% mixes;
(2) be the block green compact with resulting powder mix in the above-mentioned steps (1) by die forming;
(3) under hydrogen or inert gas atmosphere, described block green compact are warming up to 800 ℃～1250 ℃ according to 20～40 ℃/min of temperature rise rate, and are incubated 0.5～3 hour, obtain the stratiform ternary ceramics after the cooling and strengthen the metallic copper matrix material.
Described stratiform ternary ceramics powder is M
N+1AX
nThe mixture of one or more in the ternary compound of phase, wherein M is selected from Ti, and Cr, A are selected from Al, Si, Ge, Sn, and X is C or N, n=1,2,3, the granularity of this stratiform ternary ceramics powder is less than or equal to 200 orders.
Described M
N+1AX
nBe selected from Ti mutually
2AlC, Cr
2AlC, Ti
2AlN, Ti
2SnC, Ti
3AlC
2, Ti
3SiC
2, Ti
3GeC
2, Ti
4AlN
3
Described copper powder is copper reduction or electrolytic copper powder, and its granularity is less than or equal to 200 orders.
The rotating speed of described ball mill is 100r/min～1000r/min, and the ball milling blended time is 0.5～5 hour.
Granularity through the mixed described powder mix of ball milling is not more than 200 orders.
The pressure of described die forming is 80MPa～300MPa.
A kind of prepared stratiform ternary ceramics of preparation method of the present invention of using strengthens the metallic copper matrix material, it is characterized in that: described matrix material is made of the metallic copper of 2wt%～45wt% stratiform ternary ceramics and surplus, and wherein said stratiform ternary ceramics is M
N+1AX
nIn the ternary compound of phase one or more, wherein M is selected from Ti, and Cr, A are selected from Al, Si, Ge, Sn, and X is C or N, n=1,2,3; Described metallic copper is for going back native copper or electrolytic copper; And the bending strength of described matrix material can reach more than the 600MPa, and specific conductivity can reach 1.5 * 10
6Sm
-1More than.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) compare with background technology, preparation method of the present invention has not only overcome the performance that influences material in the preparation process owing to the infiltration inequality of copper, and technology is simple, reliable, and cost is low, is easy to the technical scale preparation, is with a wide range of applications;
(2) stratiform ternary ceramics of the present invention strengthens the metallic copper matrix material when keeping copper matrix high conductivity, gives full play to the enhancement of strengthening phase and the synergy of the two, makes the electroconductibility of matrix material and matrix strength reach good coupling.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention, but embodiment does not limit the present invention, and do not address part and be applicable to prior art in the invention.
Embodiment 1
With 300 grams, 200 purpose Cr
2AlC powder and 700 grams, 200 purpose electrolytic copper powders ball milling in the 100r/min ball mill mixed 2 hours, and be the block green compact by 200MPa pressure die forming with powder mix, be warming up to 1250 ℃ according to 20～40 ℃/min of temperature rise rate then under argon gas atmosphere, the sintering process that is incubated 2 hours prepares laminate structure Cr
2AlC strengthens the metallic copper matrix material.The bending strength of this matrix material can reach 1200MPa, and specific conductivity can reach 1.8 * 10
6Sm
-1
Embodiment 2
With 50 grams, 300 purpose Ti
3AlC
2Powder, 100 grams, 300 purpose Ti
3SiC
2Powder and 650 grams, 300 purpose copper reductions ball milling in the 500r/min ball mill mixed 5 hours, and be the block green compact with powder mix by die forming under the 150MPa pressure, under hydrogen atmosphere, prepare laminate structure Ti then by 1050 ℃, 1 hour sintering process of insulation
3AlC
2And Ti
3AlC
2Strengthen the metallic copper matrix material.The bending strength of this matrix material can reach 900MPa, and specific conductivity reaches 2.5 * 10
6Sm
-1
Embodiment 3
With 20 grams, 300 purpose Ti
2SnC powder and 980 grams, 200 purpose electrolytic copper powders ball milling in the 1000r/min ball mill mixed 0.5 hour, and be the block green compact with powder mix by die forming under the 80MPa pressure, under helium atmosphere, prepare laminate structure Ti then by 800 ℃, 3 hours sintering process of insulation
2SnC strengthens the metallic copper matrix material.The bending strength of this matrix material can reach 800MPa, and specific conductivity reaches 3.0 * 10
6Sm
-1
Embodiment 4
With 450 grams, 400 purpose Ti
4AlN
3Powder and 550 grams, 200 purpose copper reductions ball milling in the 300r/min ball mill mixed 3 hours, and be the block green compact with powder mix by die forming under the 300MPa pressure, under argon gas atmosphere, prepare laminate structure Ti then by 950 ℃, 2.5 hours sintering process of insulation
2AlC strengthens the metallic copper matrix material.The bending strength of this matrix material can reach 1100MPa, and specific conductivity reaches 1.6 * 10
6Sm
-1
Embodiment 5
With 300 grams, 200 purpose Ti
2AlC powder and 700 grams, 200 purpose copper reductions ball milling in the 200r/min ball mill mixed 2 hours, and be the block green compact with powder mix by die forming under the 220MPa pressure, under argon gas atmosphere, prepare laminate structure Ti then by 1050 ℃, 2.5 hours sintering process of insulation
2AlC strengthens the metallic copper matrix material.The bending strength of this matrix material can reach 1050MPa, and specific conductivity reaches 1.8 * 10
6Sm
-1
Embodiment 6
With 100 grams, 300 purpose Ti
3GeC
2Powder, 300 grams, 300 purpose Ti
2AlN powder and 600 grams, 300 purpose copper reductions ball milling in the 300r/min ball mill mixed 3 hours, and be the block green compact with powder mix by die forming under the 200MPa pressure, under hydrogen atmosphere, prepare laminate structure Ti then by 1000 ℃, 1.5 hours sintering process of insulation
3GeC
2And Ti
2AlN strengthens the metallic copper matrix material.The bending strength of this matrix material can reach 950MPa, and specific conductivity reaches 2.1 * 10
6Sm
-1
Claims (8)
1. the preparation method of a stratiform ternary ceramics enhancing metallic copper matrix material is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
(1) stratiform ternary metal ceramics powder and the surplus copper powder ball milling in ball mill with 2wt%～45wt% mixes;
(2) be the block green compact with resulting powder mix in the above-mentioned steps (1) by die forming;
(3) under hydrogen or inert gas atmosphere, described block green compact are warming up to 800 ℃～1250 ℃ according to 20～40 ℃/min of temperature rise rate, and are incubated 0.5～3 hour, obtain the stratiform ternary ceramics after the cooling and strengthen the metallic copper matrix material.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described stratiform ternary ceramics powder is M
N+1AX
nThe mixture of one or more in the ternary compound of phase, wherein M is selected from Ti, and Cr, A are selected from Al, Si, Ge, Sn, and X is C or N, n=1,2,3, the granularity of this stratiform ternary ceramics powder is less than or equal to 200 orders.
3. method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described M
N+1AX
nBe selected from Ti mutually
2AlC, Cr
2AlC, Ti
2AlN, Ti
2SnC, Ti
3AlC
2, Ti
3SiC
2, Ti
3GeC
2, Ti
4AlN
3
4. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described copper powder is copper reduction or electrolytic copper powder, and its granularity is less than or equal to 200 orders.
5. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the rotating speed of described ball mill is 100r/min～1000r/min, and the ball milling blended time is 0.5～5 hour.
6. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is not more than 200 orders through the granularity of the mixed described powder mix of ball milling.
7. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the pressure of described die forming is 80MPa～300MPa.
8. the prepared stratiform ternary ceramics of preparation method as claimed in claim 1 strengthens the metallic copper matrix material, it is characterized in that: described matrix material is made of the metallic copper of 2wt%～45wt% stratiform ternary ceramics and surplus, and wherein said stratiform ternary ceramics is M
N+1AX
nIn the ternary compound of phase one or more, wherein M is selected from Ti, and Cr, A are selected from Al, Si, Ge, Sn, and X is C or N, n=1,2,3; Described metallic copper is for going back native copper or electrolytic copper; And the bending strength of described matrix material can reach more than the 600MPa, and specific conductivity can reach 1.5 * 10
6Sm
-1More than.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101759608A CN102242302A (en) | 2011-06-28 | 2011-06-28 | Preparation method of layered ternary ceramic reinforced copper composite material |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101759608A CN102242302A (en) | 2011-06-28 | 2011-06-28 | Preparation method of layered ternary ceramic reinforced copper composite material |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102242302A true CN102242302A (en) | 2011-11-16 |
Family
ID=44960543
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101759608A Pending CN102242302A (en) | 2011-06-28 | 2011-06-28 | Preparation method of layered ternary ceramic reinforced copper composite material |
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| CN103273059A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-09-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Ti3SiC2 reinforced-bronze-based brake pad material for high speed railway and preparation method thereof |
| CN103273058A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-09-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Ti2AlC reinforced bronze-based brake pad material used for high-speed railway and preparation method thereof |
| CN103273057A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-09-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Cr2AlC reinforced bronze-based brake pad material used for high-speed railway and preparation method thereof |
| CN103273060A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-09-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Ti2AlC reinforced copper-based brake pad material used for high-speed railway and preparation method thereof |
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| CN114427049A (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-05-03 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Cu-TiCxComposite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN114890413A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-08-12 | 中南大学 | Graphite @ Ti 2 SnC powder particles and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103273059A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-09-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Ti3SiC2 reinforced-bronze-based brake pad material for high speed railway and preparation method thereof |
| CN103273058A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-09-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Ti2AlC reinforced bronze-based brake pad material used for high-speed railway and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20111116 |