CN105385877A - Novel silver-based electrical contact composite material and preparing method thereof - Google Patents
Novel silver-based electrical contact composite material and preparing method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105385877A CN105385877A CN201510755210.6A CN201510755210A CN105385877A CN 105385877 A CN105385877 A CN 105385877A CN 201510755210 A CN201510755210 A CN 201510755210A CN 105385877 A CN105385877 A CN 105385877A
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- silver
- composite material
- electrical contact
- graphene
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
- C22C5/06—Alloys based on silver
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/021—Composite material
- H01H1/027—Composite material containing carbon particles or fibres
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
- H01H11/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts
Abstract
The invention provides a novel silver-based electrical contact composite material and a preparing method thereof and relates to a novel method for preparing a silver-palladium-carbon nano-tube graphene composite material through the high-energy stirring ball-milling technology. According to the novel method, silver powder with the particle size smaller than 200 meshes and purity larger than 99.9%, palladium powder, a silver-plated carbon nano-tube and graphene serve as raw materials and are blended according to the weight of the alloy design components, then the raw materials are ball-milled in a high-efficiency stirring type ball-milling machine under the water cooling condition, cold isostatic compaction is conducted on the ball-milled composite powder material, finally vacuum sintering is conducted on the composite powder material in a sintering furnace with the vacuum degree smaller than 1*10<-3> Pa, the temperature ranges from 900 DEG C to 1000 DEG C, the sintering duration ranges from 2 h to 4 h, and the novel silver-based electrical contact composite material is obtained. The novel silver-based electrical contact composite material comprises, by weight percent, 0.01%-1.0% of Pd, 0.01%-1.0% of the carbon nano-tube, 0.01%-1.0% of graphene and the balance Ag. The method has the characteristics of being simple in manufacturing process, good in material comprehensive property, stable in product quality and the like. The novel silver-based electrical contact composite material is an electrical contact material excellent in performance and has wide application prospects in electronics, electrician, instrument and meter, electric appliance industries and the like.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of Novel silver-based electric contact matrix material and technology of preparing thereof, belong to Metallic Functional Materials field, can be used for preparation conduction, good heat conductivity, arc ablation resistance, the Novel electrical contact material that resistance fusion welding can be good.
Background technology
Contact material refers in all kinds of switch, electrical equipment, instrument, electronic devices and components, bear the material of connection, segmentation, continuous duty electric current, the quality of its performance directly affects the reliability of electronic product, stability, precision and work-ing life etc., the key core material of the industry plant and instrument such as it is electronics, electrical equipment, telecommunication, is the key foundation material of Aeronautics and Astronautics, navigation, electronics, chemical industry, the energy, traffic, automobile and other industries.
At present, the quality of electronics, electric equipment products and life-span determine primarily of the performance of contact material, the phenomenon that electrical contact material produces in opening and closing process is extremely complicated, influence factor is many, and therefore in order to meet the application request of each electric appliances, contact material must possess the performance of the following aspects: (1) low-resistivity and vapour pressure, high-melting-point, boiling point, thermal conductivity, melting heat and the heat of sublimation, high electron work functon, good thermostability, high striking voltage; (2) room temperature and hot strength, hardness are high, toughness and plasticity good; (3) good oxidation-resistance and corrosion resistance nature; (4) wear resistance is good, and contact resistance is low and stable, resistance to electrical arc erosion, and the tendency of melting welding and metal transfer is little; (5) processing characteristics and good welding performance etc.Preparation method and the product grade of domestic and international silver-based electric contact material mainly contain: (1) powder metallurgic method (comprises, mechanical alloying, vacuum hotpressing, the reaction of pressurization internal oxidition, extruding, rolling etc.), the specific product trade mark comprises: Ag-SnO
2in
2o
3, Ag-SnO
2bi
2o
3, Ag-CuONiO, Ag-MgONiO, AgNi, AgC, AgW, AgWC etc.; (2) fusion casting (comprising, vacuum melting, directional freeze, swage processing, extruding, rolling etc.), the specific product trade mark comprises: Ag, AgCu, AgZn, AgCe, AgSnCeLa etc.; But the problem such as ubiquity working life is short, arc ablation resistance poor performance, resistance fusion welding can differ from, the material of low-level repetition is more, causes the waste of material resources large, has influence on effective service life of electrician, plant and instrument and electrical equipment.
Along with aviation, space flight, navigation, electronics, electrical equipment, the energy, traffic, the development of automobile and other industries, supporting electronics, electric equipment products are constantly to Highgrade integration, high reliability future development, the manufacturing technology of silver-base electric contact composite material and performance are had higher requirement, also more and more powerful to the demand of high-performance electric contact material, silver-base electric contact composite material is just towards high performance, multifunction, variation, save the future development such as precious metal and environment-friendly type, research and development high-performance silver-base electric contact composite material, make its loading capacity, reliability and work-ing life improve further, it is the developing direction of the following contact material in this field both at home and abroad.
Carbon nanotube silver coating material has the characteristic of a series of excellence: chemical stability, conduction, heat conduction, anti-corrosion, wear-resisting, easy processing, can weld, and being the novel material that a class has applications well development prospect, is also desirable matrix material.Such as, carbon nanotube reinforced copper-base composite material, there is the features such as high-strength, height is led, wear-resisting, corrosion resistant, easily processing, thermal conductivity are good, at Aeronautics and Astronautics, communications and transportation, electric power, electrically, the field such as mechanical engineering has application prospect widely, is also the ideal substitute of current high strength and high conductivity, antifriction material.
In recent years, along with the raising of production mass-producing and quality and the number of plies controllability degree gradually of Graphene, the research of graphene composite material more and more received the concern of Chinese scholars.Graphene has the advantage of its uniqueness, as high-temperature stability, high strength and rigidity, superior electroconductibility and specific conductivity as the reinforcement of metal.Therefore, the excellent electricity utilizing carbon nanotube, Graphene exclusive and mechanical characteristic are to improve the intensity of silver-based electric contact material, anti-melting welding and wear resistance, innovate from material compositional system, development of new silver-base electric contact composite material, to the development and application promoting contact material, have great importance.Therefore, design Ag-Pd-CNT-GNS polynary system silver-based composite material composition and composition, the Integration ofTechnology such as high energy ball mill, isostatic cool pressing, vacuum sintering, forge hot, hot extrusion, rolling, drawing and thermal treatment are adopted to process again, prepare Novel silver-based electric contact matrix material, significant.
Summary of the invention
The present invention relates to a kind of Novel silver-based electric contact matrix material and technology of preparing thereof, belong to Metallic Functional Materials field, can be used for preparation conduction, good heat conductivity, arc ablation resistance, the Novel electrical contact material that resistance fusion welding can be good.
Its Chemical Composition of Novel silver-based electric contact matrix material (% by weight) of the present invention is: 0.01-1.0Pd, 0.01-1.0 carbon nanotube (CNT), 0.01-1.0 Graphene (GNS), and surplus is Ag.
The technology of preparing of silver-base electric contact composite material of the present invention sequentially comprises following process steps:
(1) granularity is selected to be less than 200 orders (mean particle size <74 μm), silver powder, palladium powder, silver-plated carbon nanotube, Graphene that purity is greater than 99.9% are starting material, according to materials chemistry Composition Design recipe requirements, in water-cooled high-energy stirring ball mill machine, carry out mechanical alloying 5h-6h, rotating speed is 100-200rpm.
(2) carry out shaping in isostatic cool pressing equipment by composite powder material good for ball milling in step (1), forming pressure is 100-200MPa, and shape is cylindrical ingot blank, is of a size of Ф 20mm ~ Ф 40mm.
(3) ingot blank in step (2) is put into vacuum sintering furnace, be less than 1 × 10 in vacuum tightness
-3pa, sintering temperature are sinter under the condition of 900 DEG C-1000 DEG C, and the time is 2h-4h, finally obtains Ag-Pd-CNT-GNS matrix material.
(4) the matrix material ingot blank obtained in step (3) is carried out hot extrusion, obtain half product such as bar, sheet material, extrusion ratio >22:1, extrusion temperature is 600 DEG C ~ 800 DEG C.
(5) extruded material work in-process are again through operation processing such as drawing, rolling, thermal treatments, are prepared into a work in-process such as material or sheet material; Drawing, rolling reduction are 10% ~ 20%, and thermal treatment temp is 500 DEG C ~ 600 DEG C.
(6) according to requirements, then carry out the intensive processing of a material, sheet material, finally prepare Ag-Pd-CNT-GNS Novel silver-based composite products.
Embodiment
Novel silver-based matrix material of the present invention is specifically implemented to be classified as: the Physical and mechanical properties of material and electric property etc., specifically as shown in table 1.
The technical performance index of table 1. silver-based composite material
Claims (3)
1. a silver-base electric contact composite material, it is characterized in that % by weight of its Chemical Composition is: 0.01-1.0Pd, 0.01-1.0 carbon nanotube (CNT), 0.01-1.0 Graphene (GNS), surplus is Ag.
2. the preparation method of silver-base electric contact composite material, is characterized in that sequentially comprising following process steps:
(1) granularity is selected to be less than 200 orders (mean particle size <74 μm), silver powder, palladium powder, silver-plated carbon nanotube, Graphene that purity is greater than 99.9% are starting material, according to materials chemistry Composition Design recipe requirements, in water-cooled high-energy stirring ball mill machine, carry out mechanical alloying 5h-6h, rotating speed is 100-200rpm;
(2) carry out shaping in isostatic cool pressing equipment by composite powder material good for ball milling in step (1), forming pressure is 100-200MPa, and shape is cylindrical ingot blank, is of a size of Ф 20mm ~ Ф 40mm;
(3) ingot blank in step (2) is put into vacuum sintering furnace, be less than 1 × 10 in vacuum tightness
-3pa, sintering temperature are sinter under the condition of 900 DEG C-1000 DEG C, and the time is 2h-4h, finally obtains Ag-Pd-CNT-GNS matrix material;
(4) the matrix material ingot blank obtained in step (3) is carried out hot extrusion, obtain half product such as bar, sheet material, extrusion ratio >22:1, extrusion temperature is 600 DEG C ~ 800 DEG C;
(5) extruded material work in-process are again through operation processing such as drawing, rolling, thermal treatments, are prepared into a work in-process such as material or sheet material; Drawing, rolling reduction are 10% ~ 20%, and thermal treatment temp is 500 DEG C ~ 600 DEG C;
(6) according to requirements, then carry out the intensive processing of a material, sheet material, finally prepare Ag-Pd-CNT-GNS Novel silver-based composite products.
3. where basis requires the preparation method of the silver-base electric contact composite material described in 2, it is characterized in that % by weight of described materials chemistry Composition Design formula is: 0.01-1.0Pd, 0.01-1.0 carbon nanotube (CNT), 0.01-1.0 Graphene (GNS), surplus is Ag.
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| CN201510755210.6A CN105385877A (en) | 2015-11-09 | 2015-11-09 | Novel silver-based electrical contact composite material and preparing method thereof |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105821234A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-08-03 | 昆明贵金属研究所 | Preparation method for graphene-reinforcing silver-based sliding electrical contact material |
| CN107755686A (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2018-03-06 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of nanometer silver carbon composite and preparation method thereof |
| CN108288555A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-07-17 | 广州市新稀冶金化工有限公司 | Silver-based electrode material and preparation method thereof based on three-dimensional grapheme nanosphere |
| CN109811177A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-05-28 | 昆明贵金属研究所 | A kind of preparation method of highly conductive high-intensitive silver-graphene composite material |
| CN110016583A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-07-16 | 贵研铂业股份有限公司 | A kind of gold-ceramics electrical contact composite material and preparation method |
| CN111415843A (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2020-07-14 | 厦门奕力飒科技有限公司 | Relay contact combination suitable for inductive and capacitive load |
| CN112195355A (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2021-01-08 | 昆明理工大学 | Metal matrix composite material with carbon nanotubes distributed in hexagon and preparation method thereof |
| US11183344B2 (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2021-11-23 | Hitachi Energy Switzerland Ag | Graphene composite material for sliding contact |
| CN114564884A (en) * | 2022-02-16 | 2022-05-31 | 昆明贵金属研究所 | Design method for simultaneously optimizing multiple electric contact performances of electric contact material |
| CN114564884B (en) * | 2022-02-16 | 2024-04-19 | 昆明贵金属研究所 | Design method for simultaneously optimizing multiple electric contact performances of electric contact material |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105821234A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-08-03 | 昆明贵金属研究所 | Preparation method for graphene-reinforcing silver-based sliding electrical contact material |
| US11183344B2 (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2021-11-23 | Hitachi Energy Switzerland Ag | Graphene composite material for sliding contact |
| CN107755686A (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2018-03-06 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of nanometer silver carbon composite and preparation method thereof |
| CN108288555A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-07-17 | 广州市新稀冶金化工有限公司 | Silver-based electrode material and preparation method thereof based on three-dimensional grapheme nanosphere |
| CN110016583A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-07-16 | 贵研铂业股份有限公司 | A kind of gold-ceramics electrical contact composite material and preparation method |
| CN110016583B (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2021-07-09 | 贵研铂业股份有限公司 | Gold-ceramic electric contact composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN109811177A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-05-28 | 昆明贵金属研究所 | A kind of preparation method of highly conductive high-intensitive silver-graphene composite material |
| CN111415843A (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2020-07-14 | 厦门奕力飒科技有限公司 | Relay contact combination suitable for inductive and capacitive load |
| CN112195355A (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2021-01-08 | 昆明理工大学 | Metal matrix composite material with carbon nanotubes distributed in hexagon and preparation method thereof |
| CN112195355B (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2021-10-15 | 昆明理工大学 | Metal matrix composite material with carbon nanotubes distributed in hexagon and preparation method thereof |
| CN114564884A (en) * | 2022-02-16 | 2022-05-31 | 昆明贵金属研究所 | Design method for simultaneously optimizing multiple electric contact performances of electric contact material |
| CN114564884B (en) * | 2022-02-16 | 2024-04-19 | 昆明贵金属研究所 | Design method for simultaneously optimizing multiple electric contact performances of electric contact material |
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Application publication date: 20160309 |