CN102217481B - Method for biologically and physically preventing and controlling coastal wetland by using spartina alterniflora - Google Patents
Method for biologically and physically preventing and controlling coastal wetland by using spartina alterniflora Download PDFInfo
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- CN102217481B CN102217481B CN201110122515A CN201110122515A CN102217481B CN 102217481 B CN102217481 B CN 102217481B CN 201110122515 A CN201110122515 A CN 201110122515A CN 201110122515 A CN201110122515 A CN 201110122515A CN 102217481 B CN102217481 B CN 102217481B
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- spartina alterniflora
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- alterniflora loisel
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for physically preventing and controlling a coastal wetland by using spartina alterniflora. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) pretreatment: selecting a sample plot with spartina alterniflora, artificially harvesting all the spartina alterniflora, and mashing and turning over the roots of the spartina alterniflora; (2) spreading a plastic film: spreading the plastic film on the pretreated sample plot; (3) planting: after the planting specifications are determined, drilling holes according to the corresponding positions of plant spacing on the plastic film, and planting mangrove plants in the holes; and (4) reclaiming the plastic film: reclaiming the plastic film when the roots of the spartina alterniflora are totally dead and the mangrove plants are grown stably.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of strand wetland spartina alterniflora loisel biology-physics preventing control method, belong to the ecological engineering technology field.
Background technology
The spartina alterniflora loisel is subordinate to grass family, the rice grass belongs to, and is a kind of herbaceos perennial, and it originates from the America the Atlantic coast and the Gulf of Mexico, the suitable intertidal zone that moves in.Since spartina alterniflora loisel's stalk intensive sturdy, underground rhizome is flourishing, can promote the rapid subsidence and the alluvial of silt, therefore, 20 beginnings of the century many countries in order to protect beach bank protection, created land with silt, successively introduce.Though the spartina alterniflora loisel has important ecological functions in the seashore ecosystem; But it is superpower fertility in tidal flat wetland habitat; Threatening the marine marsh endemic species in the whole world, so many countries implement large-scale control plan with it as instruction plant.
Tackle the spartina alterniflora loisel, mainly take physics, chemistry and biological three types of control methods in the world.Physical method mainly adopts manual work to pull out, but manual work extract and be not suitable for tackling large-area spartina alterniflora loisel, and effect is not very desirable; Use chemical agent, be afraid of toxic side effect; Biological method mainly is to take the natural enemy method to control, and is afraid of that again the new species of introducing causes new biotic intrusion.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, to above-mentioned problem, the invention provides a kind of strand wetland spartina alterniflora loisel biology-physics preventing control method.
For achieving the above object, the present invention realizes through following technical scheme: a kind of strand wetland spartina alterniflora loisel biology-physics preventing control method:
(1), preliminary treatment: select the appearance ground that the spartina alterniflora loisel is arranged, manual work is gathered in the spartina alterniflora loisel totally then, and smashs spartina alterniflora loisel's root, turn over to pieces;
(2), paving plastic film: layer overlay plastic film in pretreated appearance ground;
(3), plantation: after confirming the plantation specification, burrow, be planted in mangrove in the hole then according to spacing in the rows and line-spacing corresponding position on plastic film of planting specification;
(4), reclaim plastic film: the root of treating the spartina alterniflora loisel is dead fully, and the mangrove growth is stable, and above-mentioned plastic film is reclaimed.
Further: said spacing in the rows is 0.25 meter * 0.25 meter～5 meters * 5 meters.
Further: the plantation in the step (3), said mangrove are the autumn eggplant, plant the autumn eggplant on the ground appearance.
Further: the plantation in the step (3), interplant autumn eggplant and pagatpat on the ground appearance.
Through adopting the aforementioned techniques scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: all mangroves that are adapted to appearance ground environment can be planted, mangrove interplanting that also can two kinds of different cultivars.Just to have stoped airborne oxygen to get in the mud to a great extent after spreading to appearance plastic film, thereby made spartina alterniflora loisel's root can not carry out aerobic respiration, rotted gradually at last; Along with plant strain growth is basicly stable, mangrove and the spartina alterniflora loisel competition at aspects such as sunlight, nutrients will slowly become and have advantage, make spartina alterniflora loisel's growth restriction on the other hand; Until not growing; Meanwhile, the root of mangrove can be secreted allelochemical, also influences spartina alterniflora loisel's growth.After 3 months plastic film is reclaimed, avoid environment is polluted.Physics and biological preventing control method combine, spartina alterniflora loisel's prevention and control better effects if., do not find that all the spartina alterniflora loisel grows again the appearance that has covered plastic film on the ground, the prevention and control rate can reach 100%.
Embodiment
Appearance ground among the following embodiment all is to select spartina alterniflora loisel seabeach, limit, turtledove Lin Cun saltern, Quangang District boundary mountain town, Quanzhou City (N24 ° 57 ' 20.84 " E118 ° 40 ' 37.76 ") as implementing sampling point.This kind ground not in protection zone, Luoyang, gulf, Quanzhou, about 250 mu of spartina alterniflora loisel's area, has planted on its opposite has biennial autumn of 40 mu eggplant and Aegiceras corniculatum mixed forest approximately.
Embodiment one:
Present embodiment one discloses a kind of strand wetland spartina alterniflora loisel biology-physics preventing control method, wherein:
(1), preliminary treatment: after confirming appearance ground, appearance on the ground, manual work is gathered in the spartina alterniflora loisel totally, and smashs spartina alterniflora loisel's root, turn over to pieces;
(2), paving plastic film: layer overlay plastic film in pretreated appearance ground; For preventing that sea wind and tidewater from washing away plastic film, we push down four limits of plastic film with mud;
(3), confirm the plantation specification: the mangrove of selection is the autumn eggplant, said autumn eggplant be plumular axis.
The plantation specification is looked the seedling size cases and fixed, does not have certain regulation, the autumn seedling of eggplant less, just plant close point for guaranteeing survival quantity; But can not be too intensive, in order to avoid have influenced the normal growth of autumn eggplant.
In the present embodiment, autumn eggplant employing plumular axis is so the plantation specification is respectively line-spacing * spacing in the rows: the plantation specification that 25 cm x are 25 centimetres.
(4), plantation: after confirming the plantation specification, burrow, be planted in mangrove on the hole then according to plantation specification corresponding position on plastic film.
Plant the autumn eggplant that line-spacing * spacing in the rows is 25 centimetres of 25 cm x on the ground appearance, whenever about before and after on the plastic film just beating an individual hole at a distance from 25 centimetres, and autumn eggplant kind in this hole.
Because plantation is the plumular axis of autumn eggplant, the diameter of plumular axis probably be 1-5cm, thus according to the actual conditions of plumular axis, in plantation directly with the suitably big or small hole of stick fingers.
(5), reclaim plastic film: the root of treating the spartina alterniflora loisel is dead fully, and the mangrove growth is stable, and above-mentioned plastic film is reclaimed, and avoids environment is polluted.
Whether the root of judging the spartina alterniflora loisel from two aspects is dead fully: 1, be also not grow the spartina alterniflora loisel after three months, it is dead just can to judge its root from this point, if because do not have death to be bound to grow spartina alterniflora loisel's seedling.2, through gathering the soil sample about the 10cm degree of depth, it is rotten black to observe root, and easily broken, can judge that its root is dead.
(6), routine observation has or not the spartina alterniflora loisel to occur.
Embodiment two:
(3), confirm the plantation specification: the mangrove of selection is the autumn eggplant, said autumn eggplant be plumular axis.
In the present embodiment, autumn eggplant employing plumular axis is so the plantation specification is respectively line-spacing * spacing in the rows: the plantation specification that 100 cm x are 100 centimetres.
(4), plantation:
Plant the autumn eggplant of 100 centimetres of 100 cm x on the ground appearance, whenever about before and after on the plastic film just beating an individual hole at a distance from 100 centimetres, and autumn eggplant kind in this hole.
Other steps are identical with embodiment one, the step described in the concrete reference implementation example one.
Embodiment three:
Present embodiment three discloses a kind of strand wetland spartina alterniflora loisel biology-physics preventing control method, interplants autumn eggplant and pagatpat on the ground appearance, wherein:
(3), confirm the plantation specification: the mangrove of selection is an autumn eggplant and pagatpat, said autumn eggplant be plumular axis, its plantation specification is respectively line-spacing * spacing in the rows: the plantation specification that 50 cm x are 50 centimetres.Said pagatpat is an one year seedling, and its plantation specification is respectively line-spacing * spacing in the rows: 2 meters * 2 meters plantation specification.
(4), plantation: after confirming the plantation specification, burrow, be planted in mangrove on the hole then according to plantation specification corresponding position on plastic film.
Plant the autumn eggplant that line-spacing * spacing in the rows is 50 centimetres of 50 cm x on the ground appearance, whenever about before and after on the plastic film just beating an individual hole at a distance from 50 centimetres, and autumn eggplant kind in this hole.Planting line-spacing * spacing in the rows on the ground appearance is 2 meters * 2 meters pagatpat, on the plastic film of not planting the autumn eggplant, every just beats an individual hole at a distance from 2 meters all around, and the pagatpat kind in this hole.
Because plantation is the plumular axis of autumn eggplant, the diameter of plumular axis probably be 1-5cm, thus according to the actual conditions of plumular axis, in plantation directly with the suitably big or small hole of stick fingers.According to the actual conditions of pagatpat, cut out at the time standby scissors of plantation and to remove the suitably hole of size.
Other steps are identical with embodiment one, the step described in the concrete reference implementation example one.
Because just stoped airborne oxygen to get in the mud behind the paving plastic film to a great extent; Thereby make spartina alterniflora loisel's root can not carry out aerobic respiration; Die gradually at last, also have the allelopathy of mangrove and spartina alterniflora loisel's competition effect and mangrove also to influence spartina alterniflora loisel's growth simultaneously., do not find that all the spartina alterniflora loisel grows again the appearance that has covered plastic film on the ground, the prevention and control rate can reach 100%.Later stage, treat that spartina alterniflora loisel's root is dead fully, plant strain growth is basicly stable, for reducing the once more pollution of plastic film to the sea area, manual recovery plastic film.
Mangrove is one type of woody plant that is grown in intertidal zone, tropical ocean.For example, mangrove, candel, apetala, red Qiedong, Hai Lin and wood rugby and so on.After ebb, mangrove forms a slice glossy and green " marine forest land " by the sea, and also the someone is referred to as oasis, the blue sea.They are to regulating tropical climate and preventing that Coastal erosion from having played important function.In the present invention, all mangroves that are adapted to appearance ground environment can be planted.
In the above-described embodiments, according to reasons such as the geographical position on the appearance ground of selecting for use, weathers, the autumn eggplant is adopted in decision, wherein:
1, eggplant is endemic species the autumn, can well adapt to home environment, and can not cause negative effect to environment and other species;
2, eggplant is the widest species of China's mangrove distribution the autumn, the most cold-resistant species.The scope that the spartina alterniflora loisel distributes is very big, reports that limit, the Yalu River has, and plantation autumn eggplant can be administered the spartina alterniflora loisel in maximum territorial scope, have very big generalization;
3, eggplant is the succession seeds of mid-early stage the autumn, meets very much the purpose of this patent.Because the purpose of this patent is exactly the method improvement spartina alterniflora loisel of utilization ecological succession.
The present invention goes for any mangrove, also can be the alternate plantation of mangrove of two kinds of different cultivars, can reach the prevention and control purpose.Specifically, should comprehensively determine the kind of mangrove according to the various factors on adopt appearance ground; Select the kind of mangrove for use according to appearance ground, be not limited to the autumn eggplant described in the embodiment of the invention.
The problem that possibly exist in the practical operation has: in plantation, should note rainfall situation, the temperature in appearance ground area, observe rainfall, temperature influence and the survival rate to mangrove.If having dead mangrove in time to mend plants.
The above record is merely the embodiment that utilizes this origination techniques content, anyly is familiar with modification, the variation that this creation of this art utilization is done, and all belongs to the claim of this creation opinion, and is not limited to embodiment announcement person.
Claims (4)
1. strand wetland spartina alterniflora loisel biology-physics preventing control method is characterized in that:
(1), preliminary treatment: select the appearance ground that the spartina alterniflora loisel is arranged, manual work is gathered in the spartina alterniflora loisel totally then, and smashs spartina alterniflora loisel's root, turn over to pieces;
(2), paving plastic film: layer overlay plastic film in pretreated appearance ground;
(3), plantation: after confirming the plantation specification, burrow, be planted in mangrove in the hole then according to spacing in the rows and line-spacing corresponding position on plastic film of planting specification;
(4), reclaim plastic film: the root of treating the spartina alterniflora loisel is dead fully, and the mangrove growth is stable, and above-mentioned plastic film is reclaimed.
2. strand according to claim 1 wetland spartina alterniflora loisel biology-physics preventing control method is characterized in that: in the said step (3), the plantation specification is that line-spacing * spacing in the rows is 0.25 meter * 0.25 meter～2 meters * 2 meters.
3. strand according to claim 1 and 2 wetland spartina alterniflora loisel biology-physics preventing control method, it is characterized in that: the plantation in the step (3), said mangrove are the autumn eggplant, plant the autumn eggplant on the ground appearance.
4. strand according to claim 1 and 2 wetland spartina alterniflora loisel biology-physics preventing control method is characterized in that: the plantation in the step (3), interplant autumn eggplant and pagatpat on the ground appearance.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201110122515A CN102217481B (en) | 2011-05-12 | 2011-05-12 | Method for biologically and physically preventing and controlling coastal wetland by using spartina alterniflora |
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| CN201110122515A CN102217481B (en) | 2011-05-12 | 2011-05-12 | Method for biologically and physically preventing and controlling coastal wetland by using spartina alterniflora |
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| CN102217481B true CN102217481B (en) | 2012-09-05 |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103583179A (en) * | 2013-10-16 | 2014-02-19 | 集美大学 | Method for managing spartina alterniflora |
| CN105230412B (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2018-07-27 | 中国科学院华南植物园 | A kind of Spartina alterniflora's biology-physical control method |
| CN108401754A (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2018-08-17 | 华东师范大学 | A kind of control method of the fragmentary patch of seashore wetland Spartina alterniflora |
| CN111328493A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-06-26 | 广东湛江红树林国家级自然保护区管理局 | Method for removing spartina alterniflora |
| CN113966690A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2022-01-25 | 中国林业科学研究院林业新技术研究所 | Method for treating spartina alterniflora and application thereof |
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| CN1742545A (en) * | 2005-09-29 | 2006-03-08 | 南京大学 | Method for controlling foreign spartina alterniflora loisel by biological substitution |
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| CN1810079A (en) * | 2005-12-27 | 2006-08-02 | 南京大学 | Method of controlling exotic species Spartina alterniflora |
| CN101176442A (en) * | 2007-12-12 | 2008-05-14 | 华东师范大学 | Method for governing invasive species flower rice grass using a technique integrated by mow and regulation of level |
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