CN102197186A - 用于悬挂滑动门的装置 - Google Patents

用于悬挂滑动门的装置 Download PDF

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CN102197186A
CN102197186A CN200980142831XA CN200980142831A CN102197186A CN 102197186 A CN102197186 A CN 102197186A CN 200980142831X A CN200980142831X A CN 200980142831XA CN 200980142831 A CN200980142831 A CN 200980142831A CN 102197186 A CN102197186 A CN 102197186A
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roller
supporting
door leaf
suspension arrangement
steel inserts
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C·普利兹
P·杰辛格
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KNORR-BREMSE GmbH
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KNORR-BREMSE GmbH
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D15/00—Suspension arrangements for wings
    • E05D15/06—Suspension arrangements for wings for wings sliding horizontally more or less in their own plane
    • E05D15/0621—Details, e.g. suspension or supporting guides
    • E05D15/0626—Details, e.g. suspension or supporting guides for wings suspended at the top
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D15/00—Suspension arrangements for wings
    • E05D15/06—Suspension arrangements for wings for wings sliding horizontally more or less in their own plane
    • E05D15/0621—Details, e.g. suspension or supporting guides
    • E05D15/0626—Details, e.g. suspension or supporting guides for wings suspended at the top
    • E05D15/0652—Tracks
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
    • E05F15/50—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using fluid-pressure actuators
    • E05F15/56—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using fluid-pressure actuators for horizontally-sliding wings
    • E05F15/565—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using fluid-pressure actuators for horizontally-sliding wings for railway-cars
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
    • E05F15/60—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators
    • E05F15/603—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors
    • E05F15/632—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors for horizontally-sliding wings
    • E05F15/655—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors for horizontally-sliding wings specially adapted for vehicle wings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/60—Suspension or transmission members; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/606—Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/61—Cooperation between suspension or transmission members
    • E05Y2201/612—Cooperation between suspension or transmission members between carriers and rails
    • E05Y2201/614—Anti-derailing means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/60—Suspension or transmission members; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/622—Suspension or transmission members elements
    • E05Y2201/684—Rails; Tracks
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/60—Suspension or transmission members; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/622—Suspension or transmission members elements
    • E05Y2201/688—Rollers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2800/00—Details, accessories and auxiliary operations not otherwise provided for
    • E05Y2800/20—Combinations of elements
    • E05Y2800/21—Combinations of elements of identical elements, e.g. of identical compression springs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
    • E05Y2900/10—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for buildings or parts thereof
    • E05Y2900/13—Type of wing
    • E05Y2900/132—Doors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
    • E05Y2900/50—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles
    • E05Y2900/51—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles for railway cars or mass transit vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C29/00—Bearings for parts moving only linearly
    • F16C29/12—Arrangements for adjusting play

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Support Devices For Sliding Doors (AREA)
  • Closing And Opening Devices For Wings, And Checks For Wings (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及在如地铁、旅行列车车厢、短途交通工具等轨道上行驶的公共交通工具中的，借助于设置在门扇上部区域内或门扇上方的支承轨道(1)内的支承滚轮(3)的滑动门门扇的悬挂装置。本发明的特征在于，在支承轨道(1)中置入具有至少基本上圆形的滑动导轨的钢嵌件(2)，支承滚轮(3)构造为在滚动面上具有凹横截面形状的钢滚轮，和提供在预紧力下贴靠在支承轨道(1)的与钢嵌件(2)对置的调节面上的调节滚轮(7)。

Description

用于悬挂滑动门的装置
发明领域
本发明涉及根据权利要求1的上位概念的，在如地铁、旅行列车车厢、短途交通工具等轨道上行驶的公共交通工具中的，借助于设置在门扇上部区域内或门扇上方的支承轨道内的支承滚轮的滑动门门扇的悬挂装置。
背景技术
这类门悬挂装置应该尽可能无空隙地来构造，以保证门安静的滑动。但是同时，通过在门上部区域或在门上方滑动的、车厢固定的支承轨道和与门扇相连接的、在支承轨道上滚动的滚轮组成的，并且为此还需要通常夹持在门扇下部区域内的导向装置的整个门悬挂装置，应当使得一定的活动性，特别是围绕支承轨道的轴的可旋转性成为可能，以能够自身抵消公差、车厢的、门扇的或导向装置的弹性和塑性的变形。
在现有技术中这些条件仅部分得以满足，大多数的悬挂装置使用其中有圆环形
Figure BDA0000057965210000011
的滚轮滚动的槽形
Figure BDA0000057965210000012
轨道来工作，因此至今通过如下方式来尽可能好地接近无空隙性：即，沿着轨道轴的朝着本来的支承滚轮的方向提供调节滚轮，该调节滚轮以相对于支承滚轮高度偏置的方式设置并且几乎完全避免了支承滚轮的抬起，因为随后调节滚轮就会与支承轨道上面的界面碰撞。
在一个实践中已知的方案中，支承轨道在负载区域具有凸形横截面，具有凹形滚动面的支承滚轮在该横截面上滚动，由此应减小摩擦和改善角度偏差(Winkelversatzes)的可能性。
在所有已知的门导向装置中的另一个问题在于，支承轨道是铝型材，并且支承滚轮由塑料构成。这似乎乍看上去不是问题，但是即使高品质的塑料也趋向于吸水并在此过程中改变其几何尺寸，因此总是分别取决于运行条件(夏季-冬季，昼-夜，向阳侧-背阴侧，等)而导致滚轮容易被卡住并在克服牢牢卡住时受到损坏，或者几何形状上尽可能精确的贴合(其绝对不会是真正无空隙的)变得过于松动，这可能导致门不安静的滑动并由于在不安静的滑动时造成的碰撞又可能导致各种类型的损坏。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，实现补救并提供不具有所述问题的门导向装置。
根据本发明，这根据权利要求1的特征部分来实现，即，在支承轨道中置入具有至少基本上圆形的滑动导轨的钢嵌件，支承滚轮构造为在滚动面上具有凹横截面形状的钢滚轮，和提供在预紧力下贴靠在支承轨道的与钢嵌件对置的调节面上的调节滚轮。
优选在支承轨道上，相对于门扇的每个固定点提供两个支承滚轮和一个张紧滚轮。
通过这项措施达到极其精确的导向，在此这种可能性通过支承轨道内的钢嵌件来实现，支承滚轮也由钢制备并因此保持了具有高精度的几何尺寸。所述的调节滚轮可以由塑料构成，其中预紧力优选通过其弹性变形达到，或者其也可以是钢滚轮，那么其中优选以弹簧加载的方式进行支承。
以下依据附图进一步阐述本发明。在此，图1显示了第一种根据本发明的构造的侧视图和垂直于支承轨道的截面图，以及图2和3分别显示了变形形式。
图1显示了根据本发明的门导向装置的示意的侧视图和垂直于支承轨道的截面图。其具有一般具有C-形横截面的支承轨道1。这种支承轨道1在其下部区域具有横截面为圆形的钢嵌件2。这种钢嵌件可以在依据失去型芯(verlorenen Kern)的方法制备由铝构成的支承轨道1时加入连续铸造型材中，也可以在没有这种钢嵌件的情况下制备支承轨道1并随后通过弹性变形将其挤压入制备支承轨道1时所得到的凹槽中。在此，使用粘合剂等也是可能的。
通过提供这种钢嵌件2，根据本发明可能的是，支承滚轮2或至少其滚动面由钢制成。在左边分图的截面中显然可以看到，支承滚轮1的滚动面4在通过支承滚轮3的经线面上构成凹形，其中滚动面4的这种形状与钢嵌件2的横截面形状根据大小和形状来适配一致。
因此确保，支承滚轮3和因此门扇可以在一定界限内围绕钢嵌件2的中点偏转，由此对于门扇(未显示)角度实现所需的变化可能性。
如由图1的右边分图可知，优选对于门扇的每个悬挂点5使用两个支承滚轮3，其设置于一个共同的滚轮等臂杆6上。在滚轮等臂杆6上的悬挂点5的区域内以高度偏置的轴设置了调节滚轮7，该调节滚轮以其滚动面在调节区域8内接触支承轨道1。此处所述的调节区域8是在支承轨道1的C-形横截面内至少基本上与钢嵌件2对面放置的区域。
在所示的实施例中，在调节区8内还提供了在铝支承轨道1中的调节板9，且调节滚轮7具有适合这种调节板的滚动面的、略凸的滚动面。在此这样选择这种相互作用的滚动面的曲率，使得其中心点位于钢嵌件2的中心点。由此避免门扇的角度偏差时的张力(Verspannungen)。当期望一定的回转力矩时，则调节板9和调节滚轮7的滚动面的曲率中心点应当大约位于钢嵌件2的中心点的上面，低于这个中心点的中心点会因为随后出现门扇从预定位置脱离的倾向而不予考虑。
没有必要使支承轨道1配备有调节板9，若放弃这种板嵌件，则调节滚轮7有利地由塑料构成，以使轨道不会因为预紧力而受损。
在所示的实施例中，预紧力通过滚轮等臂杆6的弹性变形或在塑料调节滚轮的使用中通过调节滚轮7的弹性变形来进行，自然也可以将调节滚轮7导入到弹性悬挂的支承件中，其中支承件的弹簧承受预紧力。
图2显示了一种方案，其中支承轨道1是对称地构造的，即是说，彼此相对地提供两个相同的钢嵌件2。这在安装时对于支承座和方向不敏感性可能是有利的。这里重要的是，为了在角度偏差时不引起张力，所述的调节滚轮7在这种情况下应当具有圆柱形或略呈弧形的滚动面。
图3显示了另一种方案，其中支承轨道1中同样置入了两个圆柱形的钢嵌件2，其中充当调节面的钢嵌件2’具有压扁(abgeplattete)或略凹构造的调节面。与此相关的是，重新获得如在图1中那样的动力学状况，仅仅调节板的形状是不同的。
本发明不仅局限于所示和所描述的实施例，而且可以进行各种变化。因此也可以使用具有弹簧支承的塑料滚轮作为调节滚轮或者如此机械地构造滚轮等臂杆，使得对于调节滚轮的支承点设置于滚轮等臂杆的截面上，其仅通过弹性的腹板等与滚轮等臂杆的本体相连接。
所述的钢嵌件2不必是圆形的构造，但是充当支承滚轮接触面的那部分或截面，应当具有圆弧形的横截面，以使所追求的角度偏差成为可能。
另外如上文所述，优选两个支承滚轮3位于每个门扇悬挂点的布置，但是完全可能的是，只提供一个支承滚轮且预紧力或者通过一个自身的支承滚轮来获得或者通过第二个同样由支承滚轮和调节滚轮组成的悬挂装置。
作为钢嵌件的材料可以考虑所有在导轨和支承轮技术领域内已知的和所提及的材料或刚才种类，本领域的专业人士可以依据本发明的和各自应用领域的知识很容易地由常见的材料中选出相应的材料。

Claims (6)

1.在如地铁、旅行列车车厢、短途交通工具等轨道上行驶的公共交通工具中的，借助于设置在门扇上部区域内或门扇上方的支承轨道(1)内的支承滚轮(3)的滑动门门扇的悬挂装置，其特征在于，在支承轨道(1，1′)中置入具有至少基本上圆形的滑动导轨的钢嵌件(2)，支承滚轮(3)构造为在滚动面上具有凹横截面形状的钢滚轮，和提供在预紧力下贴靠在支承轨道(1，1′)的与钢嵌件(2)对置的调节面上的调节滚轮(7)。
2.根据权利要求1的悬挂装置，其特征在于，所述的钢嵌件(2)具有圆形的横截面。
3.根据权利要求1或2的悬挂装置，其特征在于，所述的调节面由钢嵌件(2′，8)构成。
4.根据前述权利要求之一的悬挂装置，其特征在于，所述的调节面具有凹圆形的横截面且其中心点与滚动面的圆形部分的中心点重合。
5.根据前述权利要求之一的悬挂装置，其特征在于，所述的调节滚轮(7)由塑料构成。
6.根据前述权利要求之一的悬挂装置，其特征在于，所述的调节滚轮(7)在垂直方向是活动的且在将其向上压的弹簧的力作用下被支承。
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US9869348B2 (en) * 2014-01-22 2018-01-16 Parker-Hannifin Corporation Wheel preload device
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CA2742234A1 (en) 2010-05-06
US20110209306A1 (en) 2011-09-01
AT507492B1 (de) 2012-01-15

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