CN102172183B - Seedling culturing substrate block and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Seedling culturing substrate block and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102172183B CN102172183B CN201110033790XA CN201110033790A CN102172183B CN 102172183 B CN102172183 B CN 102172183B CN 201110033790X A CN201110033790X A CN 201110033790XA CN 201110033790 A CN201110033790 A CN 201110033790A CN 102172183 B CN102172183 B CN 102172183B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A90/40—Monitoring or fighting invasive species
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Abstract
The invention relates to a seedling culturing substrate block and a preparation method thereof. The seedling culturing substrate block provided by the invention comprises Eupatorium adenophorum as a major ingredient. The major ingredient of the seedling culturing substrate block provided by the invention comprises one or more of Flaveria bidentis, Mikania micrantha, Eupatorium odoratum, guayule, Cenchrus Paciflorus and Solanum rostratum, and the content of the major ingredient is 20-50 wt%; the major ingredient comprises peat or vermiculite, and has the content of 50-80 wt%; and the auxiliary material comprises a nutrient ingredient and a regulator, and has the content of 1-2 wt%. By using the seedling culturing substrate block provided by the invention, nutrients needed by plant growth and contained in a conventional seedling culturing substrate can be provided; meanwhile, roots of seedlings can be promoted to grow and the survival rate of plant breeding is increased because the Eupatorium adenophorum is added to the raw materials.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plant planting field, particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of seedling culturing substrate block and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Along with the development of globalization of world economy and liberalization of international trade, Invasive Alien Species constitutes a serious threat to China's grain security, ecological safety, human and livestock health, the sustainable development of serious harm agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fisheries.The exotic plant of invading according to investigations China has 188 kinds, and the pernicious instruction plant of some of them spreads as large diffusions of China such as Huang Dingju, Eupatorium adenophorum, Mikania micrantha, fragrant eupatorium herb, guayule, Sandbur, thorn calyx black nightshades, and harm is caused disaster.
The many departments of China carried out research to Alien Invasive Plants, adopt the main method of controlling instruction plant for manually pulling out and chemical control, depend merely on and manually pull out the annual fund that needs hundred million yuan of inputs, and chemical control is influential to ecotope, so also there is no so far the effective hierarchy of control.And if can be utilized to Alien Invasive Plants, will be reduced gradually the biomass of Alien Invasive Plants, also reduce diffusion and the harm of Alien Invasive Plants.
Therefore, can be low-cost, to utilize Alien Invasive Plants to high production and environmental friendliness be the comprehensive regulation and the best approach of utilizing Alien Invasive Plants.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of seedling culturing substrate block.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of seedling culturing substrate block.
According to seedling culturing substrate block of the present invention, the major ingredient of described seedling culturing substrate block comprises Eupatorium adenophorum.
According to seedling culturing substrate block of the present invention, the major ingredient of described seedling culturing substrate block comprises one or more in Huang Dingju, Mikania micrantha, fragrant eupatorium herb, guayule, Sandbur and thorn calyx black nightshade, and its content is 20wt%～50wt%.
According to seedling culturing substrate block of the present invention, the major ingredient of described substrate block comprises peat or vermiculite, and its content is 50wt%～80wt%.
According to seedling culturing substrate block of the present invention, the auxiliary material of described substrate block comprises nutrient component and conditioning agent, and its content is 1wt%～2wt%.
The present invention also provides a kind of method for preparing above-mentioned seedling culturing substrate block, and the method comprises the following steps:
1) preparation is containing the major ingredient of Eupatorium adenophorum: to Eupatorium adenophorum screened, chemical examination, innoxious and matrix processing, then the Eupatorium adenophorum cane is pulverized sorting, carries out grain composition, drying obtains meeting the Eupatorium adenophorum raw material of the technical standard of compressing clamp dog;
2) preparation is containing the major ingredient of peat or vermiculite: screening peat or vermiculite, natural drying, pulverized, and step 1) in containing the major ingredient of Eupatorium adenophorum, mix, obtain major ingredient;
3) by step 2) in major ingredient and auxiliary material mixed, form the preparation material, obtain seedling culturing substrate block of the present invention through dry method is compressing.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the method for preparing seedling culturing substrate block of the present invention specifically comprises the following steps:
1) major ingredient that adds the Alien Invasive Plants cane to make: the Alien Invasive Plants cane (is comprised to Eupatorium adenophorum, can also comprise one or more in Huang Dingju, Mikania micrantha, fragrant eupatorium herb, guayule, Sandbur and thorn calyx black nightshade when logical) screened and chemically examined (laboratory indexes mainly contains: unit weight, water-holding capacity, expansion rate of water absorption, porosity, ash content, electrical conductivity, salt content, acid-base value, the content of organic matter, content of humic acid, cation exchange capacity and nutrient content etc.), then carry out innoxious and matrix processing.Harmless treatment is that the Alien Invasive Plants cane is piled to rotten and fermentation through suitable Processes and apparatus, mainly utilize the effect of multiple-microorganism, Organic residues is carried out to mineral, humification and innoxious, make the nutrient of the organic of various indissolubles, be converted into soluble nutrient and humus, utilize the high temperature (60～70 ℃) produced while piling up to kill the germ brought in raw material simultaneously, worm's ovum and weed seed, reach innoxious purpose, the main purpose of this process is that organic matter in Alien Invasive Plants is fully decomposed, slaking, remove the disadvantageous reduction composition of plant growth, then the Alien Invasive Plants cane is pulverized to sorting, carry out reasonable grain composition (product quality suppressed when 1～3mm grain composition accounts for 45%～55% is best), remove too much ash content and agglomerate body, make the grade in the same size of material, the physicochemical property homogeneous, then be dried to water content<20%, reach the technology standard-required of compressible clamp dog, this raw material standard requires also to comprise: ash content<35%, resolution 20%～30%, unit weight 0.3～0.5g/cm
3, water-holding capacity>400%, 1～3mm grain composition is greater than 50%, induced worm egg death rate>=95%, colititer≤1/10, redox potential value (Eh) 200～600mV.The Alien Invasive Plants cane accounts for 20%～50% of major ingredient total amount.
2) major ingredient that adds mud (grass) charcoal or vermiculite to make: select fiber content high, the mud that impurity is few (grass) charcoal or vermiculite, adopt natural drying, when being not less than 40%, water content pulverizes processing, the rotating speed of cracker can not be too high, in order to avoid make fiber meticulous, should carry out sub-sieve after pulverizing, remove too much ash content and the agglomerate body of not pulverizing, making the fiber grade be controlled at 1～3mm >=60% is advisable, raw material after pulverizing can not meticulously can not contain diameter and be greater than the 3mm blocky-shaped particle, the former can make the substrate block of compression forming too fine and close, the latter can destroy the integrality while expanding.Standby through the raw material of the pulverizing woven bag of can packing into, before carrying out compression process, moisture is air-dry to 15% left and right and Alien Invasive Plants raw material and auxiliary material, be mixed after, can carry out the briquetting operation, mud (grass) charcoal or vermiculite account for 50%～80% of seedling culturing substrate block major ingredient total amount.
3) add auxiliary material: auxiliary material mainly comprises nutrient component and conditioning agent, the composite fertilizer that nutrient component is Nitrogen-and Phosphorus-containing potassium, and conditioning agent is 1%～2% left and right that dolomite dust, white lime etc. account for major ingredient.Add the compacting material after auxiliary material should reach following standard: electrical conductivity EC≤0.8mS/cm, pH value 5.5～6.5, the content of organic matter>=40%, humus>25%, C/N ratio 15～25: 1, N+P
2o
5+ K
2o>=3%, Ca+Mg+S>=120mg/kg, B+Cu+Zn+Mn+Mo+Fe>=15mg/kg.Before main ingredient is mixed, auxiliary material need be magnified, to reach the uniform requirement that is mixed.
4) major ingredient and auxiliary material are dropped into to mixing arrangement, fully mix, form the preparation material, enter afterwards the press with different moulds, pressure curve in accordance with regulations, through pressurization-pressurize-compressing mode of decompression dry method, the solid seedling culturing substrate block product that powder raw material is pressed into to different size (can be divided into cylinder shape, diamond type, plate etc. according to the shape of block; According to reserving seed for planting in advance, well format can be divided into aperture, macropore, diplopore, porous etc.; Can be divided into thin, chunk, add chunk according to block thickness, according to applicable crop can be divided into solanaceous vegetables special use, melon special use, leaf vegetables is special-purpose, cotton is special-purpose, flowers are special-purpose, lawn is special-purpose, tobacco is special-purpose etc.; Can be divided into plain edition, spacetabs type and organic type etc. according to the difference of nutrient formulation), after the indexs such as product appearance profile, the degree of packing, weight, rebound degree are tested, what reach test stone (table 1) is the qualified products packing case of packing into, put in storage and wait to dispatch from the factory application, through the disqualified upon inspection product, can not return to breaking plant so long as be subject to polluting, then compacting is produced again, general disqualification rate is controlled at 2%～3%.During for the flowers and other crops seed germination to the characteristics of matrix nutrient conditional request harshness, also can adopt secondary filling one-shot forming technology, raw material is divided into to two parts, part nutrient content is low, top at substrate block, be convenient to seed germination, the bottom nutrient content is high, can supply seedling stage nutrient demand.
The present invention can be widely used in the crop seedlings such as vegetables, flowers, cotton, forest, medicinal material by take the seedling culturing substrate block that Alien Invasive Plants is raw material.During use, only need fully expand the seedling culturing substrate block water, just can be sowed or minute seedling, seedling stage, emphasis was carried out moisture, temperature treatment, without fertilising, the seedling be bred as is healthy and strong neat, disease occurs few, after field planting without slow seedling, especially have easy and simple to handle, save labor, seedling is rapid, the advantages such as fertilizing soil, both be suitable for the factorial seedling growth application, also extremely being easy to peasant household of basic unit directly uses, being particularly suitable for grow seedlings of vegetable technology Backward area uses, it is the grow seedlings new trend of industry industrialized development of China, there is good application and marketing prospect.
Seedling medium of the present invention, not only can provide the contained plant growth of conventional seedbed system matrix required nutrient, added Eupatorium adenophorum in raw material simultaneously, add the growth that can also promote the seedling root by Eupatorium adenophorum, increased the survival rate of plant breeding, the exotic plant that the present invention adds in addition is not limited to the Eupatorium adenophorum that the present invention mentions, Huang Dingju, Mikania micrantha, fragrant eupatorium herb, guayule, Sandbur and thorn calyx black nightshade etc., all can be used to prepare seedling medium of the present invention as long as meet assay standard in the present invention with the exotic plant of compacting standard.
The present invention utilizes Alien Invasive Plants cane (the particularly cane of Eupatorium adenophorum) can realize for raw material prepares seedling culturing substrate block: turn bane into boon (1), a large amount of fund of preventing and treating of annual saving; (2) by utilizing, reduce the population quantity of Alien Invasive Plants, and then reduce the erosion of Alien Invasive Plants to soil; (3) by utilizing, can effectively control diffusion and the harm of Alien Invasive Plants; (4) by the purchase Alien Invasive Plants, directly improve outlying mountain area peasant's cash income; (5) improvement for Strategy of Alien Invasive Species provides a new approach.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is seedling culturing substrate block processing method flow chart of the present invention.
Embodiment
The seedling culturing substrate block that Alien Invasive Plants is raw material is take in embodiment 1, preparation
Concrete preparation technology:
1) major ingredient that adds the Alien Invasive Plants cane to make: the Alien Invasive Plants cane is screened and chemically examines, pile rotten and fermentation, then the Alien Invasive Plants cane is pulverized to sorting, carry out reasonable grain composition (1～3mm grain composition accounts for 45%～55%), remove too much ash content and agglomerate body, make the grade in the same size of material, the physicochemical property homogeneous, be dried to again water content<20%, reach the technology standard-required of compressible clamp dog, this raw material standard requires also to comprise: ash content<35%, resolution 20%～30%, unit weight 0.3～0.5g/cm
3, water-holding capacity>400%, 1～3mm grain composition is greater than 50%, induced worm egg death rate>=95%, colititer≤1/10, redox potential value (Eh) 200～600mV.Alien Invasive Plants is that Eupatorium adenophorum, Huang Dingju, Mikania micrantha, fragrant eupatorium herb, guayule, Sandbur or thorn calyx black nightshade cane account for 20% of major ingredient total amount.
2) major ingredient that adds mud (grass) charcoal to make: select mud (grass) charcoal that fiber content is high, impurity is few, adopt natural drying, when being not less than 40%, water content pulverizes processing, should carry out sub-sieve after pulverizing, remove too much ash content and the agglomerate body of not pulverizing, make the fiber grade be controlled at 1～3mm >=60%, before carrying out compression process, moisture is air-dry to 15% left and right and Alien Invasive Plants raw material and auxiliary material, be mixed after, can carry out the briquetting operation.Mud (grass) charcoal accounts for 80% of seedling culturing substrate block major ingredient total amount.
3) add auxiliary material: auxiliary material mainly comprises nutrient component and conditioning agent, accounts for 1%～2% left and right of major ingredient.Add the compacting material after auxiliary material should reach following standard: electrical conductivity EC≤0.8mS/cm, pH value 5.5～6.5, the content of organic matter>=40%, humus>25%, C/N ratio 15～25: 1, N+P
2o
5+ K
2o>=3%, Ca+Mg+S>=120mg/kg, B+Cu+Zn+Mn+Mo+Fe>=15mg/kg.Before main ingredient is mixed, auxiliary material need be magnified, to reach the uniform requirement that is mixed.
4) major ingredient and auxiliary material are dropped into to mixing arrangement, fully mix, form the preparation material, enter afterwards the press with different moulds, pressure curve in accordance with regulations, through pressurization-pressurize-compressing mode of decompression dry method, powder raw material is pressed into to cylinder shape, macropore, chunk, solanaceous vegetables special use, plain edition seedling culturing substrate block.
The product needed that the present invention prepares is tested to indexs such as its outward appearance profile, the degree of packing, weight, rebound degrees, and its test stone is as shown in table 1.
The test stone that table 1 is product of the present invention
The seedling culturing substrate block that Alien Invasive Plants is raw material is take in embodiment 2, preparation
Invasive Alien Weed Eupatorium adenophorum, Huang Dingju, Mikania micrantha, fragrant eupatorium herb, guayule, Sandbur or thorn calyx black nightshade cane account for 50% of major ingredient total amount, and mud (grass) charcoal accounts for 50% of major ingredient total amount; Other preparation processes are with embodiment 1.
The seedling culturing substrate block that Alien Invasive Plants is raw material is take in embodiment 3, preparation
Invasive Alien Weed Eupatorium adenophorum, Huang Dingju, Mikania micrantha, fragrant eupatorium herb, guayule, Sandbur or thorn calyx black nightshade cane account for 35% of major ingredient total amount, and mud (grass) charcoal accounts for 65% of major ingredient total amount; Other preparation processes are with embodiment 1.
The seedling culturing substrate block that Alien Invasive Plants is raw material is take in embodiment 4, preparation
Selecting vermiculite in step 2 is raw material, and other preparation processes are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 5 preparations are only to contain the seedling culturing substrate block of Eupatorium adenophorum in Alien Invasive Plants
Alien Invasive Plants only, containing the Eupatorium adenophorum cane, accounts for 50% of major ingredient total amount, and mud (grass) charcoal accounts for 50% of major ingredient total amount; Other preparation processes are with embodiment 1.
The effect assessment of the seedling culturing substrate block containing Eupatorium adenophorum that embodiment 6, the present invention prepare
The substrate block that the present inventor obtains embodiment 1～4 and common matrix and embodiment 5 only investigate containing the impact on the Tomato Root System growth of Eupatorium adenophorum substrate block, and its result is as shown in table 2～4.
The impact of table 2 Eupatorium adenophorum substrate culture on the Tomato Root System growth
As can be seen from the table, tomato ground fresh weight under two kinds of substrate cultures, seedling stage, difference was not remarkable, the fructescence significant difference.The Eupatorium adenophorum substrate culture is higher than contrast matrix, and the ground fresh weight under the Eupatorium adenophorum substrate culture has increased by 50.2% than contrast; And, under the Eupatorium adenophorum substrate culture, underground fresh weight is in seedling stage and fructescence all higher than contrast, under fructescence Eupatorium adenophorum substrate culture, root is kept burning day and night aobvious higher than contrast.
Table 3 different substrates is processed rear whole Gent and is levied parameter
By relatively can finding out of whole parameter, adopt each characteristic parameter of the root of Eupatorium adenophorum matrix tomato all obviously to be greater than common matrix contrast.
Table 4 different substrates is processed the impact on different seedling age young root vigor
By the mensuration of different seedling ages (20 days and 50 days) improving activity of root system, result shows to adopt the Eupatorium adenophorum matrix group all high than common matrix control group vigor.
Therefore by top contrast, can find out, the substrate block that the present invention contains Eupatorium adenophorum has obvious facilitation to plant root growth.
Claims (4)
1. a seedling culturing substrate block, is characterized in that, the major ingredient of described seedling culturing substrate block comprises Eupatorium adenophorum cane particle, and peat or vermiculite,
By the method comprised the following steps, prepared by described seedling culturing substrate block:
1) preparation is containing the major ingredient of Eupatorium adenophorum: to Eupatorium adenophorum screened, chemical examination, innoxious and matrix processing, then the Eupatorium adenophorum cane is pulverized to sorting, carry out grain composition, wherein, the content of 1～3mm particle is 45%～55%, drying, dry rear feed particles water content<20%, obtain the major ingredient containing Eupatorium adenophorum;
2) preparation is containing the major ingredient of peat or vermiculite: screening peat or vermiculite, and natural drying, pulverized, and then with in step 1) the content of the particle of 1～3mm >=60% mixes containing the major ingredient of Eupatorium adenophorum, obtains the major ingredient containing peat or vermiculite;
3) by step 2) major ingredient and the auxiliary material containing peat or the vermiculite that make mixed, and forms the preparation material, through the compressing seedling culturing substrate block that obtains of dry method.
2. seedling culturing substrate block according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the major ingredient of described seedling culturing substrate block also comprises one or more in the yellow top of Alien Invasive Plants chrysanthemum, Mikania micrantha, fragrant eupatorium herb, guayule, Sandbur and thorn calyx black nightshade, 20wt%～50wt% that the content sum of Eupatorium adenophorum and above-mentioned Alien Invasive Plants is seedling medium major ingredient total amount.
3. seedling culturing substrate block according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described peat or vermiculite account for the 50wt%～80wt% of seedling medium major ingredient total amount.
4. seedling culturing substrate block according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the auxiliary material of described seedling culturing substrate block comprises nutrient component and conditioning agent, 1wt%～2wt% that its content is seedling medium major ingredient total amount.
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| CN201110033790XA CN102172183B (en) | 2011-01-31 | 2011-01-31 | Seedling culturing substrate block and preparation method thereof |
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| CN201110033790XA CN102172183B (en) | 2011-01-31 | 2011-01-31 | Seedling culturing substrate block and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102172183B true CN102172183B (en) | 2013-06-26 |
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Cited By (1)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022022204A1 (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2022-02-03 | 海南大学 | Soil microbial regulator for enhancing plant stress resistance |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101779591B (en) * | 2010-04-06 | 2011-08-31 | 贵州省辣椒研究所 | Method for manufacturing float seedling matrix for hot pepper |
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| CN1037440A (en) * | 1988-05-05 | 1989-11-29 | 刘学系 | Method with tobacco or Eupatorium adenophorum cultivating flammulina velutipes or Hericium erinaceus |
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| WO2022022204A1 (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2022-02-03 | 海南大学 | Soil microbial regulator for enhancing plant stress resistance |
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