CN102151930B - Dissimilar metal material brazing method - Google Patents
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- CN102151930B CN102151930B CN2011100663699A CN201110066369A CN102151930B CN 102151930 B CN102151930 B CN 102151930B CN 2011100663699 A CN2011100663699 A CN 2011100663699A CN 201110066369 A CN201110066369 A CN 201110066369A CN 102151930 B CN102151930 B CN 102151930B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 title abstract description 20
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 85
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 85
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910018125 Al-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910018520 Al—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910020994 Sn-Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910009069 Sn—Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910007570 Zn-Al Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 abstract 10
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 41
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 41
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 41
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229910018565 CuAl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001094 6061 aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 2
- JRBRVDCKNXZZGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;copper Chemical compound [AlH3].[Cu] JRBRVDCKNXZZGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001256 stainless steel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 210000002615 epidermis Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004093 laser heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dissimilar metal material brazing method. The dissimilar metal material includes a first base metal and a second base metal different from each other. The method comprises the following steps: clamping the first base metal on a telescopic fixture and clamping the second base metal on a fixed fixture in such a manner that the welding surfaces of the first base metal and the second base metal face to each other, and placing a solder between the welding surfaces; applying a pre-pressure on the first base metal relative to the welding surface; locally rapidly heating the welding parts of the first base metal and the second base metal to a preset temperature and keeping the temperature; increasing the pre-pressure to a welding pressure; applying ultrasonic vibration to the first base metal relative to the welding surfaces by an ultrasonic compression bar; and continuously keeping the temperature and the pressure after the ultrasonic vibration completes, stopping heating, and further keeping the pressure until the welding parts are cooled. The method can improve the strength of a brazed joint of dissimilar metal materials by reducing the formation of laminar brittle intermetallic compounds and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for welding between a kind of metal material, especially a kind of method for welding of welding between different metal materials such as copper or copper alloy and aluminum or aluminum alloy, stainless steel and aluminum or aluminum alloy, stainless steel and the magnesium alloy of being applicable to.
Background technology
In recent years, the copper valency is constantly soaring both at home and abroad, and this has brought very large cost pressure for the manufacturings such as refrigeration, electronics, automobile.The main using value of copper is that this material has good conduction, thermal conductivity.Because copper storage capacity in the earth's crust is less, the continuous rise of copper valency is not accommodating doubtful, therefore seeks the material that a kind of performance and copper material approach and price is relatively low and substitutes the common starting point that copper material becomes enterprise's saving cost.Conduction and the heat conductivility of aluminum metal are only second to copper, replace the serviceability that copper material can't be crossed the earth effect product in a lot of occasions with aluminium.With regard to production cost, the market price of aluminium is about the l/3 of copper, and the density of aluminium also only has the l/3 of copper, and the aluminum member material cost is 1/9 of identical copper member.Therefore, people adopt the technology of " with aluminium for copper " to reduce production costs in a lot of industries.
Yet, the use of copper material is still irreplaceable in some members, such as the device for drying and filtering in the refrigeration member, capillary, compressor three pipes etc., still will adopt the copper pipe making, in refrigeration pipe, not only aluminum pipe is arranged but also copper pipe is arranged like this, must bring copper aluminum pipe connectivity problem.In addition, because there is the thicker oxide-film of one deck on the aluminium surface, so in some aluminum electronic devices, the contact heating that causes greatly because of device contacts resistance and the creep failure that causes material easily occur; Especially also can make the aluminum contact produce discharge spark in the high voltage situation and cause the accident, therefore common way all is at the aluminium material surface soldering copper, reduces contact resistance.
Copper aluminium dissimilar materials interconnection technique there has been more research both at home and abroad, but in albronze bonding strength and the never very large breakthrough of reduction link cost.The difficult point that copper aluminium dissimilar materials connects is: the fusing point of copper and aluminium differs the thermal conductivity of large (near 400 ℃), copper and is about 3 times of aluminium, their linear expansion coefficient and melting heat very big-difference is also arranged, and direct connection will produce very large welding stress; In addition, more main is that when copper aluminium dissimilar materials connected, the mutual diffusion of atom easily caused CuAl between heterogeneous mother metal
2The formation of compound between the stratiform brittle metal, the thickness of this brittle compound layer will greatly affect the mechanical property of joint when surpassing certain value (10um).Therefore, alleviate as far as possible the difference of physical property between heterogeneous mother metal, and the formation of compound between less stratiform brittle metal, be the key that obtains high-quality copper aluminium welding joint.
Use at present more copper aluminium dissimilar materials method of attachment and mainly contain friction butt welding, friction stir welding and soldering.The butt welding that wherein rubs is mainly used in managing or the docking of club-shaped material, and friction stir welding is mainly used in the connection of board-like material, these two kinds of methods all belong to the category of Solid-State Welding, higher to equipment requirement, technological parameter is strict, and the production that is not suitable for particular surroundings or complex joint also is not suitable for the welding of thin member.In addition, Solid-State Welding plumb joint intensity easily is subjected to CuAl
2The thickness of compound layer and hardness impact between brittle metal, joint fatigue durability and air-tightness are relatively poor.
Soldering is used comparatively general in the connection of dissimilar materials, and for example copper aluminium soldering is compared with Solid-State Welding, and the difference of physical property between heterogeneous mother metal has been alleviated in the use of solder in the soldering, and the endurance load-carrying ability of joint is stronger; In addition, soldering has also that production cost is low, and to the strong adaptability of complex part, strength of joint and air-tightness are high, and the online production ability waits by force many merits, thereby is a kind of very promising copper aluminium interconnection technique.Common method for welding mainly contains vacuum brazing, gas brazing and induction brazing etc.Wherein vacuum brazing is generally carried out under high vacuum environment, and the method has higher requirements to the cleanliness factor of mother metal linkage interface, is not suitable for complex joint welding and production in enormous quantities.In addition, the vacuum brazing temperature retention time is longer, easily at the thicker CuAl of copper material interface formation
2Layer, thus worsened joint performance.Gas brazing and induction brazing all are the modes that adopts local heat, and the heat affected area is little, and weld interval is short, uses comparatively general.Yet these two kinds of method for welding need to cooperate brazing flux to use, and to remove the oxide-film of mother metal epidermis, promote solder in the wetting expansion on mother metal surface.The use of brazing flux has increased the cost of welding on the one hand; Easily in joint, produce on the other hand pore; And, if the brazing flux residue in the postwelding weld seam is cleaned out the electrochemical corrosion that also easily causes joint, reduce Joint Reliability.In addition, gas brazing and induction brazing can not be avoided stratiform CuAl fully
2Generation, only have strict control firing rate and welding temperature could reduce as far as possible CuAl
2The thickness of layer.Same for the soldering between stainless steel and aluminum or aluminum alloy, stainless steel and the magnesium alloy, owing to easily forming compounds affect welding quality between the stratiform brittle metal, existing method for welding difficulty has realized the welding of high-efficiency high-quality.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides the method for welding between a kind of different metal materials, the inventive method is applicable to the welding between copper alloy or Cu-base composites and aluminium alloy or aluminum matrix composite, stainless steel and aluminium alloy or the dissimilar materials such as aluminum matrix composite, stainless steel and magnesium alloy or magnesium base composite material.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: the method for welding between a kind of different metal materials, described different metal materials comprise the first mother metal and the second mother metal that material is different, and described method for welding may further comprise the steps:
A, the first mother metal is installed on the scalable anchor clamps, the second mother metal is installed on the stationary fixture, and solder side the first mother metal, the second mother metal is placed between the described solder side relatively and with solder;
B, apply precompression with respect to described solder side at the first mother metal, the precompression size is 0.01MPa～0.5MPa;
C, to the welding position local heat of described the first mother metal and the second mother metal, heat temperature raising speed is 5 ℃/s～50 ℃/s, is incubated after reaching design temperature;
D, described precompression is risen to welding pressure, described welding pressure is higher than described precompression, and more than or equal to 0.1MPa less than or equal to 3MPa;
E, apply ultrasonic vibration with respect to described the second mother metal with excess sound pressure pole pair the first mother metal;
Follow-up continuation of insurance temperature pressurize 1～60 second is finished in f, ultrasonic vibration, then stopped heating and continue pressurize to the cooling of described welding position.
Preferably, described the first mother metal is that copper alloy or Cu-base composites, the second mother metal are aluminium alloy or aluminum matrix composite; Perhaps described the first mother metal is that aluminium alloy or aluminum matrix composite, the second mother metal are copper alloy or Cu-base composites; Perhaps described the first mother metal is that stainless steel, the second mother metal are selected from a kind of in aluminium alloy, aluminum matrix composite, magnesium alloy, the magnesium base composite material; Perhaps the first mother metal is selected from a kind of in aluminium alloy, aluminum matrix composite, magnesium alloy, the magnesium base composite material, and the second mother metal is stainless steel.
Preferably, the mode of heating among the described step c is intermediate frequency or high-frequency induction heating.Certainly mode of heating also can be selected flame heating, LASER HEATING or Hot-blast Heating.
Preferably, the design temperature among the described step c is higher than 5 ℃～100 ℃ of the solidus temperatures of described solder or is higher than 0 ℃～80 ℃ of the liquidus temperatures of described solder.More preferably the design temperature among the described step c is higher than 10 ℃～50 ℃ of the solidus temperatures of described solder or is higher than 5 ℃～30 ℃ of the liquidus temperatures of described solder.
Preferably, the frequency of ultrasonic vibration is that 10kHz～40kHz, amplitude are 5 μ m～25 μ m among the described step e, and the ultrasonic vibration time is 0.5～60 second.
Preferably, to rise to welding pressure be when step c eddy-current heating reaches design temperature to described steps d or carry out afterwards with precompression, perhaps begins steps d at step c eddy-current heating during near design temperature precompression is risen to welding pressure.
Preferably, precompression is risen to welding pressure begins step e after 0～5 second the ultrasonic vibration that applies in steps d.Preferably, described mother metal is tubulose, bar-shaped or strip.Wherein the welding point mode can be docking, overlap joint or corner connection
As further improvement, described the first mother metal, when the second mother metal is tubulose, further comprising the steps of before described step a:
a
0, with the end mouth of pipe enlarging of reamer with the second mother metal, according to the same angle in described enlarging inclined-plane one end of the first mother metal being processed a chamfering, the enlarging inclined-plane of the fillet surface of described the first mother metal and the second mother metal is solder side; Perhaps, with the end mouth of pipe enlarging of reamer with the first mother metal, according to the same angle in described enlarging inclined-plane one end of the second mother metal being processed a chamfering, the enlarging inclined-plane of described the first mother metal and the fillet surface of the second mother metal are solder side.Preferred 15 °～45 ° of angle between the inclined-plane of described enlarging and chamfering and the tube hub line; The length on enlarging inclined-plane increases with the increase of tubing caliber, preferably is not less than 3mm; The length on preferred chamfering inclined-plane is slightly less than the length on enlarging inclined-plane, and for example less than 0.5～3mm, the above straight tube face portion relative with the enlarging inclined-plane of chamfering this moment also is solder side
Preferably, the first mother metal and the second mother metal are vertically placed among described step a～f, applying ultrasonic vibration among the step e can apply also from the top and can apply from the below, when applying ultrasonic vibration from the top top mother metal is installed on scalable anchor clamps upper and lower mother metal and is installed on the stationary fixture, and if applied ultrasonic vibration from the below with the below mother metal be installed on the scalable anchor clamps, the top mother metal is installed on the stationary fixture.Certainly described mother metal horizontal positioned is welded also and be fine.
Preferably, described solder is that Sn-Zn system, Zn-Al system, Al-Si are associated one or more in the gold.
Preferably, described solder is paste, strip, bar-shaped or powdery.
As further improvement, described precompression and welding pressure are direct acting by described ultrasonic depression bar.
As further improvement, the intermediate frequency among the described step c or HF induction heating apparatus comprise the attemperating unit of infrared measurement of temperature or thermocouple temperature measurement, by described attemperating unit the welding position that heats are carried out temperature control.
Method for welding has following useful technique effect between different metal materials of the present invention:
1, the method for welding between different metal materials of the present invention adopts the medium, high frequency eddy-current heating to combine with ultrasonic vibration, effectively shortened the time of soldering, and ultrasonic cavitation in liquid solder has played good stirring action to solder, thereby reduced the interatomic diffusion of dissimilar metal, reduced (the CuAl that for example forms during the copper aluminium soldering of compound between the stratiform brittle metal
2) formation; Local fast heating has also been dwindled the scope of heat affected area in addition, and impact reduces on strength of parent; Also have ultrasonic vibration to accelerate the filling of solder butt welded seam and in the wetting expansion on mother metal surface, discharged pore and residue.Therefore improved from many aspects the intensity of welding point.
2, this method for welding need not to use any brazing flux, has reduced production cost, has also avoided the halogen in the brazing flux to the pollution of environment and the harm that operator ' s health is caused; In addition, the generation of pore when the electrochemical corrosion of the joint that has produced when also having avoided using brazing flux and brazing flux reaction, thus increased the reliability of welding point.
3, because welding pressure is little, brazing temperature is low and weld interval is short, so this method is specially adapted to the connection of thin wall copper aluminum pipe.
4, can carry out soldering in antivacuum situation, butt-welding fitting surface roughness and cleannes are less demanding, have simplified technique; Welding interval is short, and productivity effect is high; Because heat time heating time is short, heated perimeter is little, required welding pressure and ultrasonic vibration power are low, thereby it is less to consume the energy, makes the cost of welding lower.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is copper, the aluminum pipe induction-ULTRASONIC COMPLEX soldering schematic diagram of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is copper, the aluminium bar material induction-ULTRASONIC COMPLEX soldering schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below be embodiments of the invention, also can further be well understood to the present invention by reference to the accompanying drawings by these embodiment, but they be not limitation of the invention.
Referring to Fig. 1, select 6061 aluminum pipes 1 and T2 copper pipe 2, their external diameter is 8mm, wall thickness is 1mm.Used solder be Zn-4.7Al-0.5Cu (wt.%) without brazing flux solder paste 3, the solidus temperature of this solder is that 380 ℃, liquidus temperature are 397 ℃.Adopt reamer to make an end mouth of pipe enlarging of aluminum pipe 1 V-shaped, angle between enlarging inclined-plane and the tube hub line is 30 °, chamfer length is 5mm, go out chamfering by same angle at an end mouth of pipe car of copper pipe 2, the above straight tube face relative with the enlarging inclined-plane in chamfering inclined-plane is divided into solder side when enlarging inclined-plane, chamfering inclined-plane and welding.
Referring to Fig. 1, the flared end of aluminum pipe 1 vertically is installed on the stationary fixture 7 up, the chamfered end of copper pipe 2 vertically is installed on the scalable anchor clamps 8 down and to the flared end of good aluminum pipe 1, with solder paste 3 uniform fillings in the V-type groove of copper pipe 2 and the joint of aluminum pipe 1.The other end by 6 pairs of copper pipes 2 of ultrasonic depression bar applies precompression with respect to aluminum pipe 1 downwards, and precompression also can apply by other pressurized equipments, and the precompression size is 0.1MPa.Open induction heating equipment, intend the welding position with the speed Fast Heating of 10 ℃/s by 4 pairs of radio-frequency induction coils, the number of turns of induction coil 4 is take 1～3 circle as good.Induction heating equipment also is provided with infrared temperature control device 5, and the control of thermometric and temperature is carried out at the heating position, when intending beginning insulation when the welding position temperature rises to 410 ℃ of design temperatures, and the precompression of 6 pairs of copper pipes 2 of ultrasonic depression bar is increased to welding pressure 0.5MPa; 0.5 start ultrasonic vibration by ultrasonic depression bar 6 after second, ultrasonic vibration power is that 120W, frequency are that 28kHz, time of vibration are 4 seconds.Ultrasonic vibration finish to continue keeps welding pressure 0.5MPa and in 410 ℃ of lower insulations of design temperature, temperature retention time is 2 seconds, weldment naturally cooling (also can adopt water-cooled) in air after insulation is finished, to-be-welded pieces welding position temperature stops pressurize when being down to room temperature, and from anchor clamps, take out weldment, finish welding.The section of weld joint microscopic analysis shows, seam organization is evenly distributed, without stratiform CuAl
2Form, and do not find pore and crackle; Welding point has higher mechanical property and sealing.
Referring to Fig. 2, select T2 copper rod 1 and 6061 aluminium alloy bars 2 to be mother metal, the mother metal diameter is 6mm, length is 40mm.Selecting composition is Zn-4.7Al-0.5Cu(wt.%), diameter is that 6mm, thickness are the disk solder 3 of 400 μ m, the solidus temperature of this solder is that 380 ℃, liquidus temperature are 397 ℃.With No. 400 silicon carbide papers end face of mother metal is polished as solder side, and adopt ethanol that mother metal and disk solder 3 are carried out ultrasonic cleaning.
Referring to Fig. 2, the end face that polishes of copper rod 1 vertically is installed on the stationary fixture 7 up, aluminium alloy bars 2 polishes end face down and the end face vertical that polishes of good copper rod 1 is installed on the scalable anchor clamps 8, with disk solder 3 be preset at copper, aluminium bar polishes between the end face.The other end by 6 pairs of aluminium alloy bars 2 of ultrasonic depression bar applies precompression with respect to copper rod 1, and precompression also can apply by other pressurized equipments, and the precompression size is 0.2MPa.Open induction heating equipment, intend the welding position with the speed Fast Heating of 10 ℃/s by 4 pairs of radio-frequency induction coils, the number of turns of induction coil 4 is take 1～3 circle as good.Induction heating equipment also is provided with infrared temperature control device 5, thermometric and temperature control are carried out in the heating position, when intending beginning insulation when the welding position temperature rises to 410 ℃ of design temperatures, and the precompression of 6 pairs of aluminium alloy bars 2 of ultrasonic depression bar is increased to welding pressure 0.5MPa; 0.5 start ultrasonic vibration by ultrasonic depression bar 6 after second, ultrasonic vibration power is that 270W, frequency are that 28kHz, time of vibration are 6 seconds.Ultrasonic vibration finish to continue keeps welding pressure 0.5MPa and in 410 ℃ of lower insulations of design temperature, temperature retention time is 2 seconds, weldment naturally cooling (also can adopt water-cooled) in air after insulation is finished, to-be-welded pieces welding position temperature stops pressurize when being down to room temperature, and from anchor clamps, take out weldment, finish welding.The section of weld joint microscopic analysis shows, seam organization is evenly distributed, without stratiform CuAl
2Form, and do not find pore and crackle; Welding point has higher mechanical property and sealing.
Claims (12)
1. the method for welding between a different metal materials, described different metal materials comprises the first mother metal and the second mother metal that material is different, the first mother metal and the second mother metal have solder side, it is characterized in that: described method for welding may further comprise the steps:
A, the first mother metal is installed on the scalable anchor clamps, be provided with spring on the described scalable anchor clamps, scalable by described spring realization, the second mother metal is installed on the stationary fixture, and solder side the first mother metal, the second mother metal is placed between the described solder side relatively and with solder;
B, apply precompression with respect to described solder side at the first mother metal, the precompression size is 0.01MPa～0.5MPa;
C, to the welding position local heat of described the first mother metal and the second mother metal, heat temperature raising speed is 5 ℃/s～50 ℃/s, is incubated after reaching design temperature;
D, described precompression is risen to welding pressure, described welding pressure is higher than described precompression, and more than or equal to 0.1MPa less than or equal to 3MPa;
E, apply ultrasonic vibration with respect to described the second mother metal with excess sound pressure pole pair the first mother metal;
Follow-up continuation of insurance temperature pressurize 1～60 second is finished in f, ultrasonic vibration, then stopped heating and continue pressurize to the cooling of described welding position.
2. the method for welding between different metal materials according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described the first mother metal is that copper alloy or Cu-base composites, the second mother metal are aluminium alloy or aluminum matrix composite; Perhaps described the first mother metal is that aluminium alloy or aluminum matrix composite, the second mother metal are copper alloy or Cu-base composites; Perhaps described the first mother metal is that stainless steel, the second mother metal are selected from a kind of in aluminium alloy, aluminum matrix composite, magnesium alloy, the magnesium base composite material; Perhaps the first mother metal is selected from a kind of in aluminium alloy, aluminum matrix composite, magnesium alloy, the magnesium base composite material, and the second mother metal is stainless steel.
3. the method for welding between different metal materials according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: mode of heating is intermediate frequency or high-frequency induction heating among the described step c.
4. the method for welding between different metal materials according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the design temperature among the described step c is higher than 5 ℃～100 ℃ of the solidus temperatures of described solder or is higher than 0 ℃～80 ℃ of the liquidus temperatures of described solder.
5. the method for welding between different metal materials according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the frequency of ultrasonic vibration is that 10kHz～40kHz, amplitude are 5 μ m～25 μ m among the described step e, and the ultrasonic vibration time is 0.5～60 second.
6. the method for welding between different metal materials according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the frequency of ultrasonic vibration is that 10kHz～40kHz, amplitude are 5 μ m～25 μ m among the described step e, and the ultrasonic vibration time is 0.5～60 second.
7. the method for welding between different metal materials according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: the frequency of ultrasonic vibration is that 10kHz～40kHz, amplitude are 5 μ m～25 μ m among the described step e, and the ultrasonic vibration time is 0.5～60 second.
8. the method for welding between different metal materials according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: precompression is risen to welding pressure begins step e after 0～5 second the ultrasonic vibration that applies in steps d.
9. the method for welding between different metal materials according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described the first mother metal, the second mother metal are tubular material, and be further comprising the steps of before described step a:
a
0, with the end mouth of pipe enlarging of reamer with the second mother metal, according to the same angle in described enlarging inclined-plane one end of the first mother metal being processed a chamfering, the enlarging inclined-plane of the fillet surface of described the first mother metal and the second mother metal is solder side; Perhaps, with the end mouth of pipe enlarging of reamer with the first mother metal, according to the same angle in described enlarging inclined-plane one end of the second mother metal being processed a chamfering, the enlarging inclined-plane of described the first mother metal and the fillet surface of the second mother metal are solder side.
10. the method for welding between different metal materials according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described solder is that Sn-Zn system, Zn-Al system, Al-Si are associated one or more in the gold.
11. the method for welding between different metal materials according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described solder is paste, sheet, bar-shaped or powdery.
12. the method for welding between different metal materials according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: directly apply precompression and welding pressure by described ultrasonic depression bar.
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| CN2011100663699A CN102151930B (en) | 2011-03-18 | 2011-03-18 | Dissimilar metal material brazing method |
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| CN2011100663699A CN102151930B (en) | 2011-03-18 | 2011-03-18 | Dissimilar metal material brazing method |
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| CN102151930B true CN102151930B (en) | 2013-04-10 |
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