CN102145921A - Preparation method of MnO2 nanoclusters by using graphene as template - Google Patents
Preparation method of MnO2 nanoclusters by using graphene as template Download PDFInfo
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- CN102145921A CN102145921A CN 201010186241 CN201010186241A CN102145921A CN 102145921 A CN102145921 A CN 102145921A CN 201010186241 CN201010186241 CN 201010186241 CN 201010186241 A CN201010186241 A CN 201010186241A CN 102145921 A CN102145921 A CN 102145921A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of MnO2 nanoclusters by using graphene as a template. The method comprises the following steps: 1) dispersing natural graphite in N-methylpyrrolidone, and performing ultrasonic treatment; 2) centrifuging the mixture obtained in the step 1), discarding solid residues at the bottom, and taking the upper mixed liquor; 3) dissolving KMnO4 in water to form a KMnO4 solution; 4) adding the KMnO4 solution obtained in the step 3) in the mixed liquor obtained in the step 2), and stirring to react for a certain time and obtain new mixed liquor; and 5) centrifuging the new mixed liquor obtained in the step 4), washing, drying, and grinding to obtain the desired MnO2 nanoclusters. The preparation method is a soft chemical method which is simple in operation; and the MnO2 nanometer material with excellent electrochemical properties can be prepared under mild conditions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation of nanomaterials, particularly a kind of Graphene is the preparation method of template MnO2 nanocluster.
Background technology
Ultracapacitor is the novel energy-storing device of a kind of performance between battery and traditional capacitor, compare with secondary cell with traditional electrical condenser, the energy force rate ordinary capacitor height of ultracapacitor store charge, and have that the speed of discharging and recharging is fast, efficient is high, environmentally safe, have extended cycle life, characteristics such as use temperature wide ranges, security height.Be widely used in fields such as mobile communication, information technology, aerospace and science and techniques of defence in the last few years, demonstrated unprecedented application prospect.Particularly on electromobile, ultracapacitor and battery are united provides superpower and high-energy respectively, has not only reduced the volume of power supply but also prolonged battery life.
Electrode materials is the most key part of ultracapacitor, also is the principal element of its performance of decision, and the electrode materials of therefore developing excellent performance is a most crucial problem in the ultracapacitor research.MnO2 studies multi-functional comparatively widely transition metal oxide, and it has advantages such as environment friendliness, cheap, aboundresources, and has excellent electrochemical performance, has obtained great success in as the commercialization process of battery electrode material.In recent years, because the effect of the novelty that material nanoization is brought, people are more and more interested for the research of nanometer MnO2, and are also of common occurrence as the electrode materials report of ultracapacitor about nanometer MnO2.But the MnO2 nano material of prior art for preparing is easy to take place agglomeration in application process, and may form the passive state film, make it in the circulation of charge/discharge first, show bigger capacitance loss, had a strong impact on because the excellent properties that nano effect brings.Further improve the dispersiveness of nanometer MnO2, improving its performance is a problem demanding prompt solution.
Graphene is two crystal that the monolayer carbon atom forms according to honeycomb arrangement, owing to bigger specific surface area, excellent electroconductibility and unique physical and chemical performance enjoy people to pay close attention to.Preparation method of graphene mainly contains four kinds at present: mechanical process, epitaxy, organic synthesis and chemical stripping method.Wherein chemical stripping is to be considered to the most rational at present, also is a kind of conventional means that can prepare Graphene in the currently known methods in a large number.With the natural graphite is starting raw material, adopts the ultrasonic method of peeling off can prepare the complete Graphene substrate of crystalline form in solvent, is a kind of method of simple to operate, green non-pollution.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of softening method simple to operate, is that template prepares the MnO2 nanocluster with the Graphene under mild conditions.
The technical solution that realizes the object of the invention is: a kind of is that template prepares MnO with the Graphene
2The method of nanocluster may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: natural graphite is scattered in the N-Methyl pyrrolidone, carries out supersound process then;
Step 2: gained mixture in the step 1 is carried out centrifugal, abandon the bottom residual solids, get the mixed solution on its upper strata;
Step 3: with KMnO
4Be dissolved in the water, form KMnO
4The aqueous solution;
Step 4: with the KMnO that makes in the step 3
4The aqueous solution adds in the mixed solution that makes in the step 2, stirring reaction for some time, obtains new mixed solution;
Step 5: with the new mixed solution that makes in the step 4 carry out centrifugal, washing, dry, grind, obtain required MnO2 nanocluster.
The present invention compared with prior art, its remarkable advantage: 1, adopting softening method success under mild conditions is that template has prepared MnO with the Graphene
2The flake nano cluster can significantly suppress MnO
2Agglomeration traits, established solid basis for giving full play to its excellent properties; 2, simple to operate, the equipment facility, temperature of reaction is relatively low, need not to add any stablizer, template or tensio-active agent, and the convenient post-treatment of product is highly suitable for large-scale industrial production; 3, utilized the characteristics of monolithic Graphene bigger serface preferably, the gained material has been inherited the good laminated structure of Graphene, has shown excellent chemical property in electro-chemical test, shows that it has boundless application prospect in electrochemical field.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that Graphene of the present invention is that template prepares MnO
2The schematic flow sheet of nanocluster method.
Fig. 2 is a Graphene among the present invention: (a) transmission electron microscope picture; (b) Raman figure; (c) photo of product.
Fig. 3 is gained MnO of the present invention
2The transmission electron microscope picture of nanocluster (a, b) and field emission scanning electron microscope figure (c, d).
Fig. 4 is the Electrochemical results of partial reaction thing of the present invention and product, and wherein (a) is natural graphite (bulk graphite), Graphene (graphene), is starting raw material products therefrom (b-MnO with the natural graphite
2) and own Graphene be starting raw material products therefrom (g-MnO
2) cyclic voltammetry curve; (b) for natural graphite (bulk graphite), Graphene (graphene), be starting raw material products therefrom (b-MnO with the natural graphite
2) and own Graphene be starting raw material products therefrom (g-MnO
2) the constant current charge-discharge curve.(c) according to the product specific volume (F/g) of constant current charge-discharge curve calculation.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in drawings, Graphene of the present invention is template MnO
2The preparation method of nanocluster may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: natural graphite is scattered in the N-Methyl pyrrolidone, carries out supersound process then;
Step 2: gained mixture in the step 1 is carried out centrifugal, abandon the bottom residual solids, get the mixed solution (being that the raw material Graphene is scattered in the suspension that forms in the N-Methyl pyrrolidone) on its upper strata;
Step 3: with KMnO
4Be dissolved in the water, form KMnO
4The aqueous solution;
Step 4: with the KMnO that makes in the step 3
4The aqueous solution adds in the mixed solution that makes in the step 2, stirring reaction for some time, obtain new mixed solution, and reaction equation is:
4KMnO
4+3C+H
2O→4MnO
2+K
2CO
3+2KHCO
3；
Step 5: with the new mixed solution that makes in the step 4 carry out centrifugal, washing, dry, grind, obtain required MnO2 nanocluster.
Natural graphite concentration in N-Methyl pyrrolidone is 0.01～0.3mg/mL.The time of carrying out supersound process in the step 1 is 10min～2h.The speed of low-speed centrifugal is 100～1000rpm in the step 2.Formed KMnO in the step 3
4Concentration of aqueous solution is 1～80mg/mL.KMnO
4With the mass ratio of natural graphite be 4～13.33.Temperature of reaction is 5～80 ℃ in the step 4.The reaction times is 1～72h in the step 4.
The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment:
Embodiment 1:
Step 1:10mg is scattered in natural graphite in the N-Methyl pyrrolidone of 100mL, carries out supersound process 10min then;
Step 2: gained mixture in the step 1 is carried out low-speed centrifugal (100rpm), abandon the bottom residual solids, get the mixed solution (being that the raw material Graphene is scattered in the suspension that forms in the N-Methyl pyrrolidone) on its upper strata;
Step 3: with the KMnO of 40mg
4Be dissolved in the water, form KMnO
4The aqueous solution;
Step 4: with the KMnO that makes in the step 3
4The aqueous solution adds in the mixed solution that makes in the step 2, and 25 ℃ of following stirring reaction 54h obtain new mixed solution, and reaction equation is:
4KMnO
4+3C+H
2O→4MnO
2+K
2CO
3+2KHCO
3；
Step 5: with the new mixed solution that makes in the step 4 carry out centrifugal, washing, dry, grind, obtain required MnO
2Nanocluster.The transmission electron microscope picture of raw material Graphene as shown in Figure 2, gained MnO
2The transmission electron microscope of nanocluster and field emission scanning electron microscope figure are as shown in Figure 3.The cyclic voltammetry curve of product and constant current charge-discharge curve are as shown in Figure 4.Calculate by Fig. 4, products therefrom at neutral electrolyte (1M Na
2SO
4The aqueous solution) be 191.0F/g than electric capacity in, capacitance loss only has 9.1% after 3000 circulations, and bigger electric capacity and excellent cycle performance have hinted that it has broad application prospects in as electrode material for super capacitor.
Embodiment 2:
Step 1:1mg is scattered in natural graphite in the N-Methyl pyrrolidone of 100mL, carries out supersound process 30min then;
Step 2: gained mixture in the step 1 is carried out low-speed centrifugal (500rpm), abandon the bottom residual solids, get the mixed solution (being that the raw material Graphene is scattered in the suspension that forms in the N-Methyl pyrrolidone) on its upper strata;
Step 3: with the KMnO of 5mg
4Be dissolved in the 5mL water, form KMnO
4The aqueous solution;
Step 4: with the KMnO that makes in the step 3
4The aqueous solution adds in the mixed solution that makes in the step 2, and 5 ℃ of following stirring reaction 72h obtain new mixed solution, and reaction equation is:
4KMnO
4+3C+H
2O→4MnO
2+K
2CO
3+2KHCO
3；
Step 5: with the new mixed solution that makes in the step 4 carry out centrifugal, washing, dry, grind, obtain required MnO
2Nanocluster.After measured, the ratio electric capacity of products therefrom is 168.4F/g.
Embodiment 3:
Step 1:20mg is scattered in natural graphite in the N-Methyl pyrrolidone of 100mL, carries out supersound process 2h then;
Step 2: gained mixture in the step 1 is carried out low-speed centrifugal (1000rpm), abandon the bottom residual solids, get the mixed solution (being that the raw material Graphene is scattered in the suspension that forms in the N-Methyl pyrrolidone) on its upper strata;
Step 3: with the KMnO of 80mg
4Be dissolved in the 5mL water, form KMnO
4The aqueous solution;
Step 4: with the KMnO that makes in the step 3
4The aqueous solution adds in the mixed solution that makes in the step 2, and 80 ℃ of following stirring reaction 1h obtain new mixed solution, and reaction equation is:
4KMnO
4+3C+H
2O→4MnO
2+K
2CO
3+2KHCO
3；
Step 5: with the new mixed solution that makes in the step 4 carry out centrifugal, washing, dry, grind, obtain required MnO
2Nanocluster.After measured, the ratio electric capacity of products therefrom is 178.4F/g.
Embodiment 4:
Step 1:30mg is scattered in natural graphite in the N-Methyl pyrrolidone of 100mL, carries out supersound process 1.5h then;
Step 2: gained mixture in the step 1 is carried out low-speed centrifugal (700rpm), abandon the bottom residual solids, get the mixed solution (being that the raw material Graphene is scattered in the suspension that forms in the N-Methyl pyrrolidone) on its upper strata;
Step 3: with the KMnO of 400mg
4Be dissolved in the 5mL water, form KMnO
4The aqueous solution;
Step 4: with the KMnO that makes in the step 3
4The aqueous solution adds in the mixed solution that makes in the step 2, and 60 ℃ of following stirring reaction 36h obtain new mixed solution, and reaction equation is:
4KMnO
4+3C+H
2O→4MnO
2+K
2CO
3+2KHCO
3；
Step 5: with the new mixed solution that makes in the step 4 carry out centrifugal, washing, dry, grind, obtain required MnO
2Nanocluster.After measured, the ratio electric capacity of products therefrom is 215.6F/g.
Embodiment 5:
Step 1:25mg is scattered in natural graphite in the N-Methyl pyrrolidone of 100mL, carries out supersound process 1h then;
Step 2: gained mixture in the step 1 is carried out low-speed centrifugal (300rpm), abandon the bottom residual solids, get the mixed solution (being that the raw material Graphene is scattered in the suspension that forms in the N-Methyl pyrrolidone) on its upper strata;
Step 3: with the KMnO of 200mg
4Be dissolved in the 5mL water, form KMnO
4The aqueous solution;
Step 4: with the KMnO that makes in the step 3
4The aqueous solution adds in the mixed solution that makes in the step 2, and 40 ℃ of following stirring reaction 72h obtain new mixed solution, and reaction equation is:
4KMnO
4+3C+H
2O→4MnO
2+K
2CO
3+2KHCO
3；
Step 5: with the new mixed solution that makes in the step 4 carry out centrifugal, washing, dry, grind, obtain required MnO
2Nanocluster.After measured, the ratio electric capacity of products therefrom is 205.7F/g.
Embodiment 6:
Step 1:15mg is scattered in natural graphite in the N-Methyl pyrrolidone of 100mL, carries out supersound process 2h then;
Step 2: gained mixture in the step 1 is carried out low-speed centrifugal (600rpm), abandon the bottom residual solids, get the mixed solution (being that the raw material Graphene is scattered in the suspension that forms in the N-Methyl pyrrolidone) on its upper strata;
Step 3: with the KMnO of 150mg
4Be dissolved in the 3mL water, form KMnO
4The aqueous solution;
Step 4: with the KMnO that makes in the step 3
4The aqueous solution adds in the mixed solution that makes in the step 2, and 15 ℃ of following stirring reaction 48h obtain new mixed solution, and reaction equation is:
4KMnO
4+3C+H
2O→4MnO
2+K
2CO
3+2KHCO
3；
Step 5: with the new mixed solution that makes in the step 4 carry out centrifugal, washing, dry, grind, obtain required MnO
2Nanocluster.After measured, the ratio electric capacity of products therefrom is 198.4F/g.
Be that to prepare MnO2 flake nano cluster be a kind of new exploration to template with the Graphene.The product of gained may be inherited good laminated structure of Graphene and bigger specific surface area, greatly suppress the reunion of nanometer MnO2.Because MnO2 is the electrode material for super capacitor that has potentiality, this unique nanostructure will be very beneficial for the intercalation of electrochemical reaction process intermediate ion, can effectively improve the ratio electric capacity and the cycle performance of material.Prepared nanocluster will be widely used in the ultracapacitor field.
Claims (8)
1. a Graphene is template MnO
2The preparation method of nanocluster is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: natural graphite is scattered in the N-Methyl pyrrolidone, carries out supersound process then;
Step 2: gained mixture in the step 1 is carried out centrifugal, abandon the bottom residual solids, get the mixed solution on its upper strata;
Step 3: with KMnO
4Be dissolved in the water, form KMnO
4The aqueous solution;
Step 4: with the KMnO that makes in the step 3
4The aqueous solution adds in the mixed solution that makes in the step 2, and stirring reaction obtains new mixed solution;
Step 5: with the new mixed solution that makes in the step 4 carry out centrifugal, washing, dry, grind, obtain required MnO
2Nanocluster.
2. Graphene according to claim 1 is template MnO
2The preparation method of nanocluster is characterized in that: natural graphite concentration in N-Methyl pyrrolidone is 0.01～0.3mg/mL in the step 1.
3. Graphene according to claim 1 is template MnO
2The preparation method of nanocluster is characterized in that: the time of carrying out supersound process in the step 1 is 10min～2h.
4. Graphene according to claim 1 is template MnO
2The preparation method of nanocluster is characterized in that: the speed of low-speed centrifugal is 100～1000rpm in the step 2.
5. Graphene according to claim 1 is template MnO
2The preparation method of nanocluster is characterized in that: formed KMnO in the step 3
4Concentration of aqueous solution is 1～80mg/mL.
6. Graphene according to claim 1 is template MnO
2The preparation method of nanocluster is characterized in that: in the described mixed solution of step 4, and KMnO
4With the mass ratio of natural graphite be 4～13.33.
7. Graphene according to claim 1 is template MnO
2The preparation method of nanocluster is characterized in that: temperature of reaction is 5～80 ℃ in the step 4.
8. Graphene according to claim 1 is template MnO
2The preparation method of nanocluster is characterized in that: the reaction times is 1～72h in the step 4.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102354611A (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2012-02-15 | 燕山大学 | Graphene/ manganese oxide nano composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN103035409A (en) * | 2011-10-09 | 2013-04-10 | 海洋王照明科技股份有限公司 | Graphene composite electrode and preparation method and application |
| CN104409220A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-03-11 | 西北师范大学 | Preparation method of manganese dioxide nanowire material and application of manganese dioxide nanowire material as electrode material of supercapacitor |
| CN104591303A (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2015-05-06 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Micronano level metal oxide reticulate body and preparation method thereof |
| CN111540868A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-08-14 | 武汉船用电力推进装置研究所（中国船舶重工集团公司第七一二研究所） | Preparation method and application of two-dimensional manganese dioxide modified polypropylene diaphragm |
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| CN101152962A (en) * | 2006-09-27 | 2008-04-02 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Layered mesoporous birnessite manganese dioxide cellular nano ball, preparing method and use of the same |
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| CN101152962A (en) * | 2006-09-27 | 2008-04-02 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Layered mesoporous birnessite manganese dioxide cellular nano ball, preparing method and use of the same |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102354611A (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2012-02-15 | 燕山大学 | Graphene/ manganese oxide nano composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN102354611B (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2014-04-16 | 燕山大学 | Graphene/ manganese oxide nano composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN103035409A (en) * | 2011-10-09 | 2013-04-10 | 海洋王照明科技股份有限公司 | Graphene composite electrode and preparation method and application |
| CN103035409B (en) * | 2011-10-09 | 2016-09-07 | 海洋王照明科技股份有限公司 | Graphene combination electrode and its preparation method and application |
| CN104409220A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-03-11 | 西北师范大学 | Preparation method of manganese dioxide nanowire material and application of manganese dioxide nanowire material as electrode material of supercapacitor |
| CN104409220B (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2017-05-17 | 西北师范大学 | Preparation method of manganese dioxide nanowire material and application of manganese dioxide nanowire material as electrode material of supercapacitor |
| CN104591303A (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2015-05-06 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Micronano level metal oxide reticulate body and preparation method thereof |
| CN111540868A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-08-14 | 武汉船用电力推进装置研究所（中国船舶重工集团公司第七一二研究所） | Preparation method and application of two-dimensional manganese dioxide modified polypropylene diaphragm |
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