CN104409220B - Preparation method of manganese dioxide nanowire material and application of manganese dioxide nanowire material as electrode material of supercapacitor - Google Patents
Preparation method of manganese dioxide nanowire material and application of manganese dioxide nanowire material as electrode material of supercapacitor Download PDFInfo
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- CN104409220B CN104409220B CN201410706385.3A CN201410706385A CN104409220B CN 104409220 B CN104409220 B CN 104409220B CN 201410706385 A CN201410706385 A CN 201410706385A CN 104409220 B CN104409220 B CN 104409220B
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- manganese dioxide
- nanowire material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method for a manganese dioxide (MnO2) nanowire material. The preparation method comprises the following steps of reacting potassium permanganate (KMnO4) as an initial raw material with natural graphite powder as a reducing agent under the hydrothermal condition to generate a precursor of the MnO2 nanowire material; performing washing and vacuum drying on the precursor to obtain the MnO2 nanowire material. Showed by electrochemical performance test, the MnO2 nanowire material prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the invention shows higher electrochemical capacitance behavior and excellent double capacity rate and has better cycling stability, so the MnO2 nanowire material can be used as the electrode material of the supercapacitor. In addition, the MnO2 nanowire material prepared by the preparation method has the characteristics of simple flow, stable process, high easiness for operation, reliable quality, low cost, light weight, regeneration, no pollution and the like, and meets the basic requirements of commercialization when the MnO2 nanowire material is used as the electrode material of the supercapacitor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of nano material of manganese dioxide, more particularly to a kind of manganese dioxide (MnO2)
The preparation of nano-material, the invention further relates to the manganese dioxide nanowire material as electrode material in manufacture ultracapacitor
In application, belong to field of nanometer material technology and electrochemical material field.
Background technology
With the arrival of energy crisis, aobvious particularly important of the deposit of the energy.Ultracapacitor is used as a kind of new energy
Amount storage/reforming unit, its energy density is high（10kw/kg）, the charge and discharge time is short, extensive the advantages of have extended cycle life and be pollution-free
It is applied to portable type electronic product, mixed power electric car and large industry equipment etc..But determine performance of the supercapacitor
Key factor be electrode material performance quality, select a kind of electrode material of function admirable to turn into the heat that people study
Point, current electrode material mainly includes metal oxide, conducting polymer and carbon-based material.
In transition metal oxide, MnO2Due to its abundant, inexpensive, environment-friendly, active redox active with
And theoretical specific capacitance high（1232 F·g-1）And receive numerous concerns.MnO2Not only without being electrolysed in strong acid or strong basicity
Just can well be run in liquid and in neutral electrolyte, but also quick charging and discharging capabilities can be shown and similar to non-
Faraday's energy stores behavior.Adsorption electrolyte ion M in the storing process+（Na+, K+Deng）Such as the equation below institute
The proton for showing merges：
Obviously, this process and hydration RuO2Electric charge Ultrahigh it is similar.Therefore, in the application of ultracapacitor
MnO2It is considered as a kind of most promising RuO2Substitute.
, by obtaining nano wire manganese bioxide material under the method hydrothermal condition of electronation, its method is simple, more for we
It is adapted to batch production.(MnO prepared by inciting somebody to action again2) manganese bioxide material, as electrode material for super capacitor, possesses preferable electricity
Chemical property, application prospect is extensive.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is according to the characteristics of manganese dioxide, there is provided a kind of preparation side of manganese dioxide nanowire material
Method；
More free-revving engine of the invention is to provide a kind of manganese dioxide nanowire material as electrode of super capacitor material
The application of material.
First, manganese dioxide (MnO2) nano-material preparation
Manganese dioxide (MnO of the present invention2) nano-material preparation method, be with potassium permanganate (KMnO4) it is starting original
Material, with natural graphite powder as reducing agent, reacts under hydrothermal conditions, generates manganese dioxide nanowire material precursor；Scrubbed again,
Vacuum drying, obtains manganese dioxide nanowire material.Its specific preparation technology is：Added in the aqueous solution of potassium permanganate natural
Graphite powder, after being well mixed, in 160 ~ 180 DEG C of h of hydro-thermal reaction 24 ~ 36；Room temperature is cooled to, is filtered, successively with water, anhydrous second
It is colourless liquid that alcohol is washed to filtrate, obtains final product manganese dioxide nanowire material.Wherein, the quality of potassium permanganate and natural graphite powder
Than being 7:1~8:1.
2nd, manganese dioxide (MnO2) nano-material structural characterization
Below by field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), infrared spectrum (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to the present invention
Manganese dioxide (the MnO of preparation2) structure of nano-material is described in detail.
1st, ESEM（SEM）Analysis
Fig. 1 prepares manganese dioxide (MnO for the present invention2) nano-material field emission scanning electron microscope（SEM）Picture.Its
Middle a, b are respectively the material obtained after hydro-thermal reaction 24h and 36h.It can be seen that very homogeneous nano wire intertexture is twined from by Fig. 1
Around together, 3D stereochemical structures are formed, this structure is conducive to the infiltration of electrolyte, is conducive to MnO2Produce fake capacitance higher.
Contrast（a）、（b）, it can be found that under conditions of concentration and temperature are certain, the hydro-thermal reaction time is more long, and product is purer.
2nd, X diffraction spectrograms（XRD）Analysis
Fig. 2 is manganese dioxide (MnO prepared by the present invention2) nano-material X diffraction spectrograms（XRD）.MnO in figure2Institute
Some diffraction maximums go out peak position and standard diagram（JCPDS 44-0141）To go out peak position consistent, show manganese dioxide
(MnO2) nano wire be in typical MnO2Crystalline phase.Additionally, the characteristic diffraction peak of graphite is not observed, show that residual carbon may be with
Agraphitic carbon ferritic is present.
3rd, thermogravimetric analysis
Fig. 3 is manganese dioxide (MnO prepared by the present invention2) nano-material thermal analyzer（TG）Picture.Can by figure
See, near 100 DEG C, slight mass loss is occurred in that on TG curves, this is to lose surface physics absorption water by sample to cause
's.Sample has obvious weightlessness near 400 DEG C, is manganese dioxide (MnO2) nano-material surface unreacted is complete
Caused by graphite is decomposed.At 550 DEG C afterwards, TG curves tend towards stability substantially, illustrate that the complete graphite of unreacted is decomposed completely.Through estimating
Draw, the complete graphite of unreacted accounts for 22.6% in material.
4th, infrared spectrogram（FT-IR）Analysis
Fig. 4 is manganese dioxide (MnO prepared by the present invention2) nano-material infrared spectrogram（FT-IR）.Can from Fig. 4
To find out, absworption peak goes out peak position and pure MnO2Appearance position consistency.Show that material is very pure manganese dioxide (MnO2)
Nano-material.
3rd, chemical property
Below by the manganese dioxide (MnO that electrochemical workstation CHI660B is prepared to the present invention2) nano-material
Electrochemical Characterization is described in detail.
1st, the preparation of electrode of super capacitor：By manganese dioxide (MnO2) nano-material and acetylene black hybrid solid
Powder totally 5.88 mg（Manganese dioxide nanowire material distinguishes 85%, 15% with the mass percent of acetylene black））It is dispersed in
In 1ml Nafion solutions, after ultrasonic 30min, the glass-carbon electrode that 5ul mixed solutions drop in a diameter of 5mm is measured with liquid-transfering gun
On, dry naturally, obtain final product test electrode.
2nd, electrochemical property test
Fig. 5 is the manganese dioxide (MnO of above-mentioned preparation2) nano-material electrode product 0.5mol/L Na2SO4Electrolyte
The different cyclic voltammetry curves swept under speed in solution（CV）（Potential window scope is -1.2-1.1V）.The result of Fig. 5 shows,
Two pairs of redox peaks can be seen on all of sample CV curves, is the symbol for producing faraday's electric capacity.And, with
The increase of sweep speed, the shape of CV curves is held essentially constant, illustrate material times capacity rate preferably, material have make capacitor
The potential of electrode material.
Fig. 6 is the manganese dioxide (MnO of above-mentioned preparation2) nano-material electrode sample 0.5mol/L Na2SO4Electrolysis
Constant current charge-discharge curve map in liquid under different current densities（Potential window scope is -1.2 ~ 1.1V）.By Fig. 6 can, work as electricity
When current density is 1 A/g, the specific capacitance of electrode material can reach 127 F/g, illustrate that material has specific capacitance higher, have
The potential of capacitor electrode material is done, this is consistent with cyclic voltammetry curve test result.
Fig. 7 is the manganese dioxide (MnO of above-mentioned preparation2) nano-material electrode frequency range be 0.1 ~ 100kHz,
AC impedance figure when bias voltage is 0.6V.As shown in Figure 7, the charge migration resistance of electrode material is smaller, this be mainly by
In the special structure of material can cause electrolyte quickly to penetrate into electrode material, and solid-liquid reaction can be greatly improved
Interface, so as to significantly reduce the charge migration resistance of composite, and then improves the chemical property of electrode material.
Experiment shows, when electrode of super capacitor is prepared, manganese dioxide nanowire material is with the mass ratio of acetylene black
6.0:1~6.5:1, the manganese dioxide nanowire material and the mass concentration of acetylene black being scattered in Nafion solution be 5.5 ~
6.0mg/mL, the amount for being coated on mixed liquor on glass-carbon electrode is 23.5 ~ 26.5uL/cm2When, as electrode of super capacitor material
Material, is respectively provided with excellent chemical property.
In sum, the manganese dioxide nanowire material that prepared by the present invention shows electrochemical capacitor performance higher and excellent
Good times capacity rate, and with preferable cyclical stability, therefore can be as electrode material for super capacitor.In addition, this hair
The process of the manganese dioxide of bright preparation is simple, process stabilizing, easily operated, reliable in quality, with low cost, light weight, renewable,
Pollution-free the features such as, commercialized basic demand is met as electrode material for super capacitor.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the field emission scanning electron microscope figure of manganese dioxide nanowire material prepared by present invention reaction different time
(SEM)。
Fig. 2 is the X diffraction spectrograms (XRD) of manganese dioxide nanowire material prepared by the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the thermogravimetric analysis figure (TG) of manganese dioxide nanowire material prepared by the present invention.
Fig. 4 is manganese dioxide nanowire material infrared spectrum (FT-IR) prepared by the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the Na of the manganese dioxide nanowire material electrodes in 0.5mol/L of present invention preparation2SO4It is different in electrolyte
Cyclic voltammetry curve figure under sweep speed.
Fig. 6 is the Na of the manganese dioxide nanowire material electrodes in 0.5mol/L of present invention preparation2SO4It is different in electrolyte
Constant current charge-discharge curve map under current density.
Fig. 7 is the Na of the manganese dioxide nanowire material electrodes in 0.5mol/L of present invention preparation2SO4Friendship in electrolyte
Flow impedance spectrogram.
Specific embodiment
Below by specific embodiment to the preparation of manganese dioxide nanowire material of the present invention and its preparation of electrode material
It is described in further detail with chemical property.
The instrument and reagent used in experiment：CHI660B electrochemical workstations (Shanghai Chen Hua instrument company) are used for electricity
Chemical property is tested；Electronic balance (Beijing Sai Duolisi Instrument Ltd.) is used to weigh medicine；JSM-6701F awkward silences at a meeting
Emission type ESEM (Jeol Ltd.) is used for the morphology characterization of material； Perkin-Elmer TG/DTA-
6300 type thermal analyzers are used for heat analysis；FTS3000 type Fourier infrared spectrographs（DIGILAB companies of the U.S.）For analysis group
Into.Sodium sulphate（Silver West silver ring chemical reagent factory）, Pintsch process graphite powder, acetylene black（Hunan Province Guiyang Tan Sha graphite
Factory）, potassium permanganate（Tianjin Ke Miou chemical reagent development centre）, absolute ethyl alcohol（The Anhui limited public affairs of An Te biochemistries
Department）, glass-carbon electrode（Shanghai crowd's reform Materials Co., Ltd）.The water used in experimentation is first water, tests institute
It is pure that reagent is analysis.
Embodiment 1
（1）The preparation of manganese dioxide nanowire material：0.5 is added in the liquor potassic permanganate of 200mL 0.08mol/L
G natural graphite powders, after stirring 1 hour, are transferred into the stainless steel cauldron of polytetrafluoroethyllining lining, in 180 DEG C of difference
Reaction 36h；After product is cooled to room temperature, filtering, with water, absolute ethanol washing 4 ~ 5 times, 12 h is vacuum dried in 60 DEG C, is obtained
To manganese dioxide nanowire material.
（2）The preparation of manganese dioxide nanowire electrode of super capacitor：By manganese dioxide nanowire material and acetylene black
Hybrid solid powder totally 5.88 mg（The mass percent difference 85%, 15% of the two）It is dispersed in 1mL Nafion solutions,
After ultrasonic 30min, measure 5uL mixed solutions with liquid-transfering gun and drop on the glass-carbon electrode of a diameter of 5mm, dry naturally, obtain final product survey
Examination electrode.
（3）Electrochemical property test：With manganese dioxide nanowire material electrodes as working electrode, with platinum guaze be to electrode,
Electrochemical property test is carried out by reference electrode composition three-electrode system of Ag/AgCl electrodes, electrolyte is 0.5mol/L's
Na2SO4Solution, potential window scope is -1.2-1.1V.Mapped using the softwares of origin 8.0.Test shows：Work as current density
During for 1 A/g, the specific capacitance of electrode material is up to 127 F/g, illustrates that material has specific capacitance higher, electric with capacitor is made
The potential of pole material.
Embodiment 2
（1）The preparation of manganese dioxide nanowire material：0.5 is added in the liquor potassic permanganate of 100mL 0.08mol/L
G natural graphite powders, after stirring 1 hour, are transferred into the stainless steel cauldron of polytetrafluoroethyllining lining, in 185 DEG C of difference
Reaction 30h；After product is cooled to room temperature, filtering, with water, absolute ethanol washing 4 ~ 5 times, 12 h is vacuum dried in 60 DEG C, is obtained
To manganese dioxide nanowire material.
（2）The preparation of manganese dioxide nanowire electrode of super capacitor：Manganese dioxide nanowire electrode of super capacitor
Prepare：By the hybrid solid powder of manganese dioxide nanowire material and acetylene black totally 5.88 mg（The mass percent difference of the two
85%、15%）It is dispersed in 1mL Nafion solutions, after ultrasonic 30min, measures 5uL mixed solutions with liquid-transfering gun and drop in directly
Footpath obtains final product test electrode on the glass-carbon electrode of 5mm, to dry naturally.
（3）Electrochemical property test：With manganese dioxide nanowire material electrodes as working electrode, with platinum guaze be to electrode,
Electrochemical property test is carried out by reference electrode composition three-electrode system of Ag/AgCl electrodes, electrolyte is 0.5mol/L's
Na2SO4Solution, potential window scope is -1.2-1.1V.Test shows：When current density is 2A/g, the ratio electricity of electrode material
Hold and be up to 103 F/g, illustrate that material has specific capacitance higher, with the potential for doing capacitor electrode material.
Embodiment 3
（1）The preparation of manganese dioxide nanowire material：0.3 is added in the liquor potassic permanganate of 200mL 0.08mol/L
G natural graphite powders, after stirring 1 hour, are transferred into the stainless steel cauldron of polytetrafluoroethyllining lining, in 180 DEG C of difference
Reaction 24h；After product is cooled to room temperature, filtering, with water, absolute ethanol washing 4 ~ 5 times, 12 h is vacuum dried in 60 DEG C, is obtained
To manganese dioxide nanowire material.
（2）The preparation of manganese dioxide nanowire electrode of super capacitor：Manganese dioxide nanowire electrode of super capacitor
Prepare：By the hybrid solid powder of manganese dioxide nanowire material and acetylene black totally 5.88 mg（The mass percent difference of the two
85%、15%）It is dispersed in 1mL Nafion solutions, after ultrasonic 30min, measures 5uL mixed solutions with liquid-transfering gun and drop in directly
Footpath obtains final product test electrode on the glass-carbon electrode of 5mm, to dry naturally.
（3）Electrochemical property test：With manganese dioxide nanowire material electrodes as working electrode, with platinum guaze be to electrode,
Electrochemical property test is carried out by reference electrode composition three-electrode system of Ag/AgCl electrodes, electrolyte is 0.5mol/L's
Na2SO4Solution, potential window scope is -1.2-1.1V.Test shows：When current density is 1 A/g, the ratio electricity of electrode material
Hold and be up to 121 F/g, illustrate that material has specific capacitance higher, with the potential for doing capacitor electrode material.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of preparation method of manganese dioxide nanowire material, is, with potassium permanganate as initiation material, to be with natural graphite powder
Reducing agent, reacts under hydrothermal conditions, generates manganese dioxide nanowire material precursor；It is scrubbed again, dry, obtain manganese dioxide
Nano-material；Concrete technology is：Natural graphite powder is added in the aqueous solution of potassium permanganate, after being well mixed, in 160 ~ 180
DEG C h of hydro-thermal reaction 24 ~ 36；Room temperature is cooled to, is filtered, be successively colourless liquid with water, absolute ethanol washing to filtrate, dried
After obtain final product manganese dioxide nanowire material；Potassium permanganate is 7 with the mass ratio of natural graphite powder:1~8:1.
2. manganese dioxide (MnO as claimed in claim 12) nano-material preparation method, it is characterised in that：The drying is
7 ~ 12 h are vacuum dried at 60 ~ 70 DEG C.
3. the manganese dioxide nanowire material that prepared by method as claimed in claim 1 should as electrode material for super capacitor
With.
4. manganese dioxide nanowire material as claimed in claim 3 as electrode material for super capacitor application, its feature
It is：It is scattered in Nafion solution after manganese dioxide nanowire material and acetylene black are well mixed, after 20 ~ 60min of ultrasound,
Mixed liquor liquid-transfering gun is evenly applied on glass-carbon electrode, is dried naturally.
5. manganese dioxide nanowire material as claimed in claim 4 as electrode material for super capacitor application, its feature
It is：Manganese dioxide nanowire material is 6.0 with the mass ratio of acetylene black:1~6.5:1.
6. the manganese dioxide nanowire material that prepared by method as claimed in claim 4 should as electrode material for super capacitor
With, it is characterised in that：The manganese dioxide nanowire material and the mass concentration of acetylene black being scattered in Nafion solution be 5.5 ~
6.0mg/mL。
7. the manganese dioxide nanowire material that prepared by method as claimed in claim 4 should as electrode material for super capacitor
With, it is characterised in that：The amount for being coated on mixed liquor on glass-carbon electrode is 23.5 ~ 26.5uL/cm2。
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| CN107910187B (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2020-05-12 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Preparation and application of polyacid-based crystalline supercapacitor electrode material |
| CN109231276B (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2021-01-12 | 桂林理工大学 | Preparation of alpha-MnO by reducing potassium permanganate with sulfamic acid2Method and application of nanowires |
| CN112939087B (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2022-07-19 | 上海大学 | Nanowire structure porous manganese dioxide and preparation method thereof |
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