CN102128621A - Interference optical fiber gyroscope for measuring multidimensional vector - Google Patents
Interference optical fiber gyroscope for measuring multidimensional vector Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an interference optical fiber gyroscope. The interference optical fiber gyroscope comprises a light source, a coupler, two signal detection optical paths, a linearly polarized light generation optical path and a polarization maintaining optical fiber ring, wherein the light source is connected with the coupler through an optical fiber; the two output ends of the coupler are connected with one signal detection optical path in the two signal detection optical paths through an optical fiber respectively; and the two signal detection optical paths are connected with the polarization maintaining optical fiber ring by optical fibers through the linearly polarized light generation optical path.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the communication technology and signal Processing field, more specifically, relate to a kind of interferometric fiber optic gyroscope that is used for orthogonal measuring.
Background technology
Gyroscope is a kind of rotation sensor, is used to measure the attitude angle and the angular velocity of carrier, is the basic core devices that constitutes inertia system.Gyroscope is extensively applied to space flight, aviation, navigation, weapons and other industrial circle.Common gyroscope has three types: mechanical gyroscope, and lasergyro, and fibre optic gyroscope (Fiber-optic gyroscope, FOG).Both are all optical gyroscope the back.Fibre optic gyroscope has quick startup, compact conformation, and series of advantages such as high sensitivity, but degree of stability is not as good as some modern mechanical gyroscopes.Yet fibre optic gyroscope has advantages such as precision height, size be little, is having the very big potentiality that improve precision and degree of stability simultaneously.
The principle of optical gyroscope is based on Sagnac effect (Sagnac effect).In closed light path, the two-beam of (CW) along clockwise direction that is sent by same light source and (CCW) transmission counterclockwise interferes, and utilizes detected phase difference or change of interference fringes, just can measure closed light path angular velocity of rotation.A kind of common expression way of Sagnac effect is that the two-beam of clockwise direction (CW) and (CCW) transmission has counterclockwise produced the phase differential that is proportional to angular velocity of rotation, and this phase differential is known as the Sagnac phase shift, and expression formula is as follows:
Wherein ω is a light frequency, and c is the light velocity in the vacuum, and A is the area (or area projection vertical with the angular velocity vector direction) that light path is enclosed, and Ω is a rotational angular velocity.Equation (1) illustrates that it doesn't matter for Sagnac phase shift and loop shape and rotation center position, and also irrelevant with the refractive index of guided wave medium.
Interferometric fiber optic gyroscope is an important kind of fibre optic gyroscope.In interferometric fiber optic gyroscope, the normal employing than long optical fiber turns to multiturn gyro coil.In this case, the expression formula of Sagnac effect is
Wherein L is the length of optical fiber, and D is the fiber optic coils diameter, goes into the wavelength for light wave, and c is the light velocity in the vacuum, and Ω is a rotational angular velocity.The foundation structure of fibre optic gyroscope is the Sagnac interferometer, this structure need satisfy beam splitter reciprocity, single mode reciprocity, etc. the reciprocity condition.Reciprocity has guaranteed that the spread state and the path of CW light and CCW light is in full accord, has played the effect of " common mode inhibition ", to eliminate the deviation that multiple ghost effect causes.Fig. 1 shows the fibre optic gyroscope minimum reciprocal structure of full optical fiber form.
For making fibre optic gyroscope be operated in the higher state of sensitivity, an end of the fiber optic coils of being everlasting adds phase modulation (PM), and the structure of carrying out phase modulation (PM) with PZT as shown in Figure 2.In addition, utilize Y waveguide also can realize same modulation effect, as shown in Figure 3.Make the two-beam ripple be subjected to an identical phase modulation (PM) at different time, covert potential difference is as follows in the time of then can producing one
Aφ(t)＝φ
CCW(t)-φ
CW(t)＝φ
m(t)-φ
m(t-τ) (3)
Wherein τ=nL/c represents the transmission time of light by whole optical fiber loop length, n
fIt is the effective refractive index of optical fiber.After applying modulation, interference signal is
I
D＝I
0{1+cos[φ
S+Δφ(t)]} (4)
As A φ (t) when form is known,, the expressed signal of following formula just can obtain Sagnac phase shift φ by being carried out suitable demodulation
sThereby, further obtain rotational angular velocity Ω.
Along with the progress of science and the development of technology, more and more higher to the demand of measuring accuracy.Usually, improve measuring accuracy dual mode is roughly arranged.A kind of mode is to improve the sensing accuracy and the sensing capability of measuring element self; Another kind is that the method for utilizing collection data well to utilize statistical signal to handle calculates and handle the target that reaches the raising measuring accuracy by the later stage.
For the second way, under present research level, measure for the broad sense stationary signal, adopt dual mode to improve measuring accuracy usually, a class is traditional repeatedly measurement method of averaging, an other class is a Wiener filtering.For non-broad sense signal and noise stably, then adopt the mode of Kalman filtering usually.Now, because premium properties that Kalman filtering has and height universality, it has become the signal processing mode of main flow.Yet in various measuring error, traditional precision improves the extremely difficult equal value part of eliminating the Gaussian noise of Non-zero Mean of mode, and this point often becomes the key factor that hinders precision to improve.
In order to address the above problem, people have proposed a kind of true value method of estimation based on orthogonal measuring.Utilize this true value method of estimation based on orthogonal measuring, can eliminate the drift and the noise of each measuring system dramatically, the high sensitivity and the high-precision nothing that obtain true value are estimated partially.Yet this method needs a kind of device that can carry out orthogonal measuring to same measuring object simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
In view of above-mentioned, the invention provides a kind of interferometric fiber optic gyroscope that is used for same measuring object is carried out simultaneously orthogonal measuring.Utilize described interferometric fiber optic gyroscope, can carry out orthogonal measuring simultaneously same measuring object.
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of interferometric fiber optic gyroscope, comprised light source, coupling mechanism, two signal detection light paths, linearly polarized light produces light path, polarization-maintaining fiber coil; Wherein, described light source links to each other with described coupling mechanism by optical fiber, two output terminals of described coupling mechanism are connected with a signal detection light paths in two described signal detection light paths respectively by optical fiber, and described two signal detection light paths produce light path by optical fiber via described linearly polarized light and are connected with described polarization-maintaining fiber coil.
In one example, described linearly polarized light produces light path can comprise two multi-functional integrated optical circuits of single Polarization Modulation Y waveguide, described polarization-maintaining fiber coil is the polarization maintaining optical fibre monocycle, described optical fibre gyro comprises that also two are protected branch/bundling device partially, wherein, described two-route wire polarized light produces light path and is connected with described two two fiber ports protecting inclined to one side branch/bundling device respectively, and described two another port of protecting inclined to one side branch/bundling devices are connected with described polarization-maintaining fiber coil respectively.
In another example, described linearly polarized light produces light path can comprise two multi-functional integrated optical circuits of single Polarization Modulation Y waveguide, described polarization-maintaining fiber coil is the polarization maintaining optical fibre dicyclo, the input end of described two multi-functional integrated optical circuits of Y waveguide is connected with a described signal detection light paths optical fiber respectively, and the output terminal of described two multi-functional integrated optical circuits of Y waveguide links to each other with described polarization-maintaining fiber coil.
In another example, described linearly polarized light produces light path can comprise a Y waveguide dual-polarization modulator, described polarization-maintaining fiber coil is the polarization maintaining optical fibre dicyclo, described optical fibre gyro comprises that is also protected a branch/bundling device partially, wherein, described two described signal detection light paths divide partially with described guarantor respectively/and two fiber ports of bundling device are connected, described guarantor divides partially/and the another port of bundling device is connected with the input end fiber of described Y waveguide dual-polarization modulator, and the output terminal of described Y waveguide dual-polarization modulator is connected with described polarization-maintaining fiber coil.
In addition, in described two signal detection light paths each can comprise a circulator and a photodetector, the input end of described circulator links to each other with the output terminal of described coupling mechanism, an output terminal of described ring cavity is connected or is connected with the input end fiber that described linearly polarized light produces light path via protecting inclined to one side branch/bundling device with the input end fiber that described linearly polarized light produces light path, another output terminal of described circulator is connected by optical fiber with described photodetector, is used to receive the light signal that returns from described polarization-maintaining fiber coil.In replacing example, described circulator can utilize coupling mechanism to replace.
In another example, described light source can comprise two light sources, and each light source directly is connected with a signal detection light paths optical fiber respectively, and need not through coupling mechanism.
In addition, described polarization-maintaining fiber coil can be the fiber optic loop of symmetrical four utmost point method coilings, and described light source can be LASER Light Source or ASE light source.
According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of interferometric fiber optic gyroscope, comprised two light sources, wavelength division multiplexer, two signal detection light paths, coupling mechanism, depolarizer, phase-modulator, single-mode fiber ring; Described light source is the wide spectrum light source of two different-wavebands, is connected with two input end fiber of described wavelength division multiplexer by described signal deteching circuit; The output terminal of described wavelength division multiplexer is connected with described single-mode fiber ring optical fiber through coupling mechanism; Described depolarizer and described phase-modulator are separately positioned between the output terminal and single-mode fiber ring in two output terminals of described coupling mechanism.
In one example, in described two signal detection light paths each can comprise a circulator and a photodetector, the input end of described circulator is connected with a described luminous source optical fiber, an output terminal of described circulator is connected with the input end fiber of wavelength division multiplexer, another output terminal of described circulator is connected by optical fiber with described photodetector, is used to receive the light signal that returns from described polarization-maintaining fiber coil.In addition, in replacing example, described circulator can utilize coupling mechanism to replace.
In addition, described single-mode fiber ring is the fiber optic loop of symmetrical four utmost point method coilings, and described phase-modulator is the piezoelectric ceramics modulator.
According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of biorthogonal interferometric fiber optic gyroscope, comprised two light sources, two linearly polarized lights produce light path, two signal detection light paths, two polarization branch/bundling devices, polarization maintaining optical fibre monocycle; Described light source is the wide spectrum light source of two different-wavebands, is connected with two input end fiber that described linearly polarized light produces light path by described signal detection light paths; It is two multi-functional integrated optical circuits of single Polarization Modulation Y waveguide that described two linearly polarized lights produce light path, the input end of described two multi-functional integrated optical circuits of Y waveguide is connected by optical fiber with a described signal detection light paths respectively, two output terminals of the multi-functional integrated optical circuit of described Y waveguide are connected by optical fiber with the input end of two polarization branch/bundling devices respectively, two output terminals of described two polarization branch/bundling devices are connected with the input end fiber of described polarization maintaining optical fibre monocycle respectively, in described two signal detection light paths each comprises circulator and photodetector, a port of described circulator links to each other with the input end fiber that described linearly polarized light produces light path, described circulator another port is connected by optical fiber with described photodetector, is used to receive the light signal that returns from described polarization-maintaining fiber coil.
According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of biorthogonal interferometric fiber optic gyroscope, comprised two light sources, two linearly polarized lights produce light path, two signal detection light paths, polarization maintaining optical fibre dicyclo; Described light source is the wide spectrum light source of two different-wavebands, is connected with two input end fiber that described linearly polarized light produces light path by described signal detection light paths; It is two multi-functional integrated optical circuits of single Polarization Modulation Y waveguide that described two linearly polarized lights produce light path, the input end of described two multi-functional integrated optical circuits of Y waveguide is connected by optical fiber with a described signal detection light paths respectively, two output terminals of the multi-functional integrated optical circuit of described Y waveguide are connected by optical fiber with the input end of described polarization maintaining optical fibre dicyclo respectively, in described two signal detection light paths each comprises circulator and photodetector, a port of described circulator links to each other with the input end fiber that described linearly polarized light produces light path, described circulator another port is connected by optical fiber with described photodetector, is used to receive the light signal that returns from described polarization maintaining optical fibre dicyclo.
In order to realize above-mentioned and relevant purpose, one or more aspects of the present invention comprise the feature that the back will describe in detail and particularly point out in the claims.Following explanation and accompanying drawing describe some illustrative aspects of the present invention in detail.Yet, the indication of these aspects only be some modes that can use in the variety of way of principle of the present invention.In addition, the present invention is intended to comprise all these aspects and their equivalent.
Good effect of the present invention is:
Utilization is according to interferometric fiber optic gyroscope of the present invention, can carry out orthogonal measuring simultaneously to same measuring object, estimate thereby can carry out true value, can eliminate various drifts and the noise that produces in the measurement effectively thus, thereby obtain the nothing of true value is estimated partially based on orthogonal measuring.
Description of drawings
By the content of reference below in conjunction with the description of the drawings and claims, and along with understanding more comprehensively of the present invention, other purpose of the present invention and result will understand and easy to understand more.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 shows the fibre optic gyroscope minimum reciprocal structure of full optical fiber form;
Fig. 2 is the phase modulation (PM) of interferometric fiber optic gyroscope;
Fig. 3 is the minimum reciprocal structure that adopts the multi-functional integrated optical circuit of Y waveguide;
Fig. 4 is the configuration diagram according to the interferometric fiber optic gyroscope of an example of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the interferometric fiber optic gyroscope configuration diagram according to another example of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the interferometric fiber optic gyroscope configuration diagram according to another example of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the interferometric fiber optic gyroscope configuration diagram according to another example of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the interferometric fiber optic gyroscope configuration diagram according to another example of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the interferometric fiber optic gyroscope configuration diagram according to another example of the present invention.
Identical label is indicated similar or corresponding feature or function in institute's drawings attached.
Embodiment
In the following description, for purposes of illustration,, many details have been set forth for the complete understanding to one or more embodiment is provided.Yet, clearly, can not have to realize these embodiment under the situation of these details yet.In other example, one or more for convenience of description embodiment, known structure and equipment illustrate with the form of block scheme.
Come below with reference to accompanying drawings each embodiment according to the present invention is described in detail.
Fig. 4 shows the configuration diagram according to the interferometric fiber optic gyroscope 400 of an example of the present invention.As shown in Figure 4, described interferometric fiber optic gyroscope 400 comprises that a light source 410, coupling mechanism 420, first signal detection light paths 431, secondary signal detection light path 432, first linearly polarized light produce light path 441, second linearly polarized light produces light path 442, first and protects inclined to one side branch/bundling device 451, second guarantor branch/bundling device 452 and polarization maintaining optical fibre monocycle 460 partially.
In this example, described first signal detection light paths 431 can comprise circulator 433 and photodetector 434.Secondary signal detects light path 432 can comprise circulator 435 and photodetector 436.Described circulator 433 links to each other with the output terminal of described coupling mechanism respectively with 435 input end.Described circulator 433 and an output terminal of 435 are connected with the input end fiber that first and second linearly polarized lights produce light path respectively.Described circulator 433 and another output terminal of 435 are connected by optical fiber with 436 with photodetector 434 respectively, are used to receive the light signal that returns from described polarization maintaining optical fibre monocycle.In replacing example, described circulator 433 and 435 can utilize coupling mechanism to replace.
Described first linearly polarized light produces light path 441, second linearly polarized light produces light path 442 and can be formed by the multi-functional integrated optical circuit of Y waveguide.The output terminal and first input end fiber of protecting inclined to one side branch/bundling device 451 that described first linearly polarized light produces light path 441 are connected.The output terminal and second input end fiber of protecting inclined to one side branch/bundling device 452 that described second linearly polarized light produces light path 442 are connected.Described first and second protect branch/bundling device territory polarization maintaining optical fibre monocycle 460 couplings partially.Described polarization maintaining optical fibre monocycle 460 for example can be the fiber optic loop of symmetrical four utmost point method coilings.Described light source for example can LASER Light Source or ASE light source.
When work, the light of wide spectrum light source 410 output through coupling mechanism 420 beam split in 50: 50 after, enter the multi-functional integrated optical circuit 441 of two-way Y waveguide respectively, 442 modulate, Y waveguide also rises partially in to the input optical modulation, by with protect branch/bundling device (PBS/C) 451 partially, 452 butt joints with horizontal or vertical angle, thereby the light modulated that guarantees two Y waveguides generations is propagated at the fast axle and the slow axis of polarization maintaining optical fibre respectively, therefore the light of exporting from PBS/C is orthogonal polarized light, orthogonal polarized light enters polarization maintaining optical fibre monocycle 460 backs and respectively angular velocity is carried out sensing along fast and slow axis, turns back in two photodetectors by the circulator in the signal detection light paths at last and detects.
Fig. 5 is the configuration diagram according to the interferometric fiber optic gyroscope 500 of another example of the present invention.As shown in Figure 5, described fibre optic gyroscope 500 comprises that a light source 410, coupling mechanism 420, first signal detection light paths 431, secondary signal detect light path 432, first linearly polarized light produces light path 441, second linearly polarized light generation light path 442 and polarization maintaining optical fibre dicyclo 560.First signal detection light paths 431 comprises circulator 433 and photodetector 434.Secondary signal detects light path 432 and comprises circulator 435 and photodetector 436.Compare with the structure among Fig. 4, the difference of the fibre optic gyroscope 500 shown in Fig. 5 only is that described polarization-maintaining fiber coil is the polarization maintaining optical fibre dicyclo, and between described polarization maintaining optical fibre dicyclo and the multi-functional integrated optical circuit of described Y waveguide, directly connect, and do not need through protecting branch/bundling device partially.In addition, basic identical among the annexation between other parts of the fibre optic gyroscope 500 shown in Fig. 5 and the course of work and Fig. 4, no longer describe at this.
Fig. 6 is the configuration diagram according to the interferometric fiber optic gyroscope 600 of another example of the present invention.Compare with Fig. 4, the difference of the fibre optic gyroscope 600 shown in Fig. 6 only is that described fibre optic gyroscope 600 only comprises that a linearly polarized light produces light path, promptly comprises a Y waveguide dual-polarization modulator 641.In addition, between the circulator of Y waveguide dual-polarization modulator and signal detection light paths, be provided with one and protect branch/bundling device 650 partially.Y waveguide dual-polarization modulator and polarization-maintaining fiber coil directly are coupled.Described fiber optic loop is the polarization maintaining optical fibre monocycle.Identical shown in other parts of fibre optic gyroscope shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 4.In addition, basic identical among the annexation between other parts of the fibre optic gyroscope 600 shown in Fig. 6 and the course of work and Fig. 4, no longer describe at this.
In Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and fibre optic gyroscope shown in Figure 6, from the palarization multiplexing angle, polarization branch/bundling device is operated in slow axis (also may decide on concrete device at fast axle) to the linearly polarized light of forward input, and to connect the inclined to one side device of guarantor consistent with the front.When having only a port incoming line polarized light, delivery outlet also will be a linearly polarized light.But different is for two forward input ports, and the line polarisation that one of them input port is imported will be in the slow axis output of delivery outlet, and the line polarisation that another input port is imported will be in the fast axle output of delivery outlet.Like this, this device simultaneously plays the effect that polarization closes bundle during the incoming line polarisation in two forward input ports, and two vertical components that make the output double polarizing light are respectively along fast axle and slow axis propagation.Reverse light path is a completely reversibility.When vertical double polarizing light turn back to reverse port (this moment this port as input end, and two ports of opposite side become output terminal) time, this device reversibly plays the effect of polarization beam splitting.Two-way light is worked the circulator place that is biased to the slow axis mode of operation and returns the front again after the beam splitting.For fast axle and slow axis pattern, they are split into CW and CCW light, satisfying reciprocity requirement in fiber optic loop.We utilize Y waveguide to add phase modulation (PM) to reach comparatively ideal sensitivity, and this phase modulation (PM) works simultaneously to two polarization modes.Therefore, the basic structure of double polarizing light fiber gyroscope has more an arm than the gyrostatic minimum reciprocal structure of common single polarization fiber.The logic light path of two polarization states all is equivalent to a minimum reciprocal structure.
Fig. 7 is the configuration diagram according to the interferometric fiber optic gyroscope 700 of another example of the present invention.As shown in Figure 7, described fibre optic gyroscope 700 comprises two light sources, 711,712, the first and second signal detection light paths 721,722, wavelength division multiplexer 730, coupling mechanism 740, depolarizer 750, phase-modulator 760 and single-mode fiber rings 770.Described light source 711,712 is the wide spectrum light source of two different-wavebands, is connected with two input end fiber of described wavelength division multiplexer 730 by described signal deteching circuit 721,722.The output terminal of described wavelength division multiplexer 730 is connected with described single-mode fiber ring optical fiber 770 through coupling mechanism 740.Described depolarizer 750 and described phase-modulator 760 are separately positioned between the output terminal and single-mode fiber ring 770 in two output terminals of described coupling mechanism 740.
In this example, described first signal detection light paths 721 can comprise circulator 723 and photodetector 724.Secondary signal detects light path 722 can comprise circulator 725 and photodetector 726.Described circulator 723 links to each other with two light sources 711,712 respectively with 725 input end.Described circulator 723 links to each other with the input end of described wavelength division multiplexer 730 respectively with an output terminal of 725.Described circulator 723 and another output terminal of 725 are connected by optical fiber with 726 with photodetector 724 respectively, are used to receive the light signal that returns from described single-mode fiber ring.In replacing example, described circulator 723 and 725 can utilize coupling mechanism to replace.
In addition, described single-mode fiber ring 770 can be the fiber optic loop of symmetrical four utmost point method coilings, and described phase-modulator 760 can be the piezoelectric ceramics modulator.
As shown in Figure 7, from the wavelength-division multiplex angle, the wide spectrum light source of different wave length can almost not have energy coupling ground to propagate in optical fiber, therefore can set up many cover reciprocity structures based on this principle.The wide spectrum light source of 1310nm and 1550nm can be propagated on low-loss ground in optical fiber, therefore suitable wave band as wavelength-division multiplex.The light beam of different-waveband is through separately signal detection light paths, by wavelength division multiplexer, modulates the laggard fiber optic loop of going into, the situation of similar polarization state, and the light beam of two kinds of wavelength constitutes CW and CCW light separately, all satisfying reciprocity requirements.Similarly, in light path, the phase modulation (PM) by Y waveguide reaches desirable working point.
Fig. 8 is the configuration diagram according to the interferometric fiber optic gyroscope 800 of another example of the present invention.Compare with Fig. 4, the difference of the optical fibre gyro structure instrument 800 shown in Fig. 8 is that described light source comprises two light sources 811 and 812, and described light source directly links to each other with circulator in the described signal detection light paths, and need not through coupling mechanism.Basic identical shown in other parts among wide spectrum light source Fig. 8 that described light source 811,812 is two different-wavebands and the annexation between them and their course of work and Fig. 4 no longer described at this.
Fig. 9 is the configuration diagram according to the interferometric fiber optic gyroscope 900 of another example of the present invention.Compare with Fig. 5, the difference of the fibre optic gyroscope structure 900 shown in Fig. 9 is that described light source comprises two light sources 911 and 912, and described light source directly links to each other with circulator in the described signal detection light paths, and need not through coupling mechanism.Described light source 911,912 is the wide spectrum light source of two different-wavebands.9 compare with Fig. 5, have saved coupling mechanism 520 in Fig. 9.Basic identical shown in the course of work of other parts among Fig. 9 and the annexation between them and they and Fig. 5 no longer described at this.
Should be pointed out that the fibre optic gyroscope 800 and 900 shown in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 comes down to the biorthogonal interferometric fiber optic gyroscope of building based on palarization multiplexing and wavelength-division multiplex thought.Utilize this biorthogonal interferometric fiber optic gyroscope, can obtain the higher optical fiber vector signal of orthogonality, thereby can utilize the true value method of estimation to obtain more accurate, more stable measurement result.
Although the disclosed content in front shows exemplary embodiment of the present invention, should be noted that under the prerequisite of the scope of the present invention that does not deviate from the claim qualification, can carry out multiple change and modification.Function, step and/or action according to the claim to a method of inventive embodiments described herein do not need to carry out with any particular order.In addition, although element of the present invention can be with individual formal description or requirement, also it is contemplated that a plurality of, unless clearly be restricted to odd number.
Although disclose the present invention in conjunction with the preferred embodiment that is shown specifically and describes, but those skilled in the art are to be understood that, for the interferometric fiber optic gyroscope that the invention described above proposed, can also on the basis that does not break away from content of the present invention, make various improvement.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the content of appending claims.
Claims (15)
1. an interferometric fiber optic gyroscope comprises light source, coupling mechanism, and two signal detection light paths, linearly polarized light produces light path, polarization-maintaining fiber coil;
Wherein, described light source links to each other with described coupling mechanism by optical fiber, two output terminals of described coupling mechanism are connected with a signal detection light paths in two described signal detection light paths respectively by optical fiber, and described two signal detection light paths produce light path by optical fiber via described linearly polarized light and are connected with described polarization-maintaining fiber coil.
2. fibre optic gyroscope as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described linearly polarized light produces light path and comprises two multi-functional integrated optical circuits of single Polarization Modulation Y waveguide, described polarization-maintaining fiber coil is the polarization maintaining optical fibre dicyclo, the input end of described two multi-functional integrated optical circuits of Y waveguide is connected with a described signal detection light paths optical fiber respectively, and the output terminal of described two multi-functional integrated optical circuits of Y waveguide links to each other with described polarization-maintaining fiber coil.
3. fibre optic gyroscope as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described linearly polarized light produces light path and comprises two multi-functional integrated optical circuits of single Polarization Modulation Y waveguide, and described polarization-maintaining fiber coil is the polarization maintaining optical fibre monocycle, and described optical fibre gyro comprises that also two are protected branch/bundling device partially,
Wherein, described two-route wire polarized light produces light path and is connected with described two two fiber ports protecting inclined to one side branch/bundling device respectively, and described two another port of protecting inclined to one side branch/bundling devices are connected with described polarization-maintaining fiber coil respectively.
4. fibre optic gyroscope as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described linearly polarized light produces light path and comprises a Y waveguide dual-polarization modulator, and described polarization-maintaining fiber coil is the polarization maintaining optical fibre dicyclo, and described optical fibre gyro comprises that is also protected a branch/bundling device partially,
Wherein, described two described signal detection light paths divide partially with described guarantor respectively/and two fiber ports of bundling device are connected, described guarantor divides partially/and the another port of bundling device is connected with the input end fiber of described Y waveguide dual-polarization modulator, and the output terminal of described Y waveguide dual-polarization modulator is connected with described polarization-maintaining fiber coil.
5. as any one described fibre optic gyroscope in the claim 1 to 4, wherein, in described two signal detection light paths each all comprises a circulator and a photodetector, the input end of described circulator links to each other with the output terminal of described coupling mechanism, an output terminal of described ring cavity is connected or is connected with the input end fiber that described linearly polarized light produces light path via protecting inclined to one side branch/bundling device with the input end fiber that described linearly polarized light produces light path, another output terminal of described circulator is connected by optical fiber with described photodetector, is used to receive the light signal that returns from described polarization-maintaining fiber coil.
6. fibre optic gyroscope as claimed in claim 5 wherein, utilizes coupling mechanism to replace described circulator.
7. as claim 2 or 3 described fibre optic gyroscopes, wherein, described light source comprises two light sources, and each light source directly is connected with a signal detection light paths optical fiber respectively, and need not through coupling mechanism.
8. fibre optic gyroscope as claimed in claim 7, wherein, described polarization-maintaining fiber coil is the fiber optic loop of symmetrical four utmost point method coilings, described light source is LASER Light Source or ASE light source.
9. an interferometric fiber optic gyroscope comprises two light sources, wavelength division multiplexer, two signal detection light paths, coupling mechanism, depolarizer, phase-modulator, single-mode fiber ring;
Described light source is the wide spectrum light source of two different-wavebands, is connected with two input end fiber of described wavelength division multiplexer by described signal deteching circuit;
The output terminal of described wavelength division multiplexer is connected with described single-mode fiber ring optical fiber through coupling mechanism; Described depolarizer and described phase-modulator are separately positioned between the output terminal and single-mode fiber ring in two output terminals of described coupling mechanism.
10. fibre optic gyroscope as claimed in claim 9, wherein, in described two signal detection light paths each all comprises a circulator and a photodetector, the input end of described circulator is connected with a described luminous source optical fiber, an output terminal of described circulator is connected with the input end fiber of wavelength division multiplexer, another output terminal of described circulator is connected by optical fiber with described photodetector, is used to receive the light signal that returns from described polarization-maintaining fiber coil.
11. as claim 9 or 10 described fibre optic gyroscopes, wherein, described single-mode fiber ring is the fiber optic loop of symmetrical four utmost point method coilings, described phase-modulator is the piezoelectric ceramics modulator.
12. fibre optic gyroscope as claimed in claim 10 wherein, utilizes coupling mechanism to replace described circulator.
13. a biorthogonal interferometric fiber optic gyroscope comprises two light sources, two linearly polarized lights produce light path, two signal detection light paths, two polarization branch/bundling devices, polarization maintaining optical fibre monocycle;
Described light source is the wide spectrum light source of two different-wavebands, is connected with two input end fiber that described linearly polarized light produces light path by described signal detection light paths;
It is two multi-functional integrated optical circuits of single Polarization Modulation Y waveguide that described two linearly polarized lights produce light path, the input end of described two multi-functional integrated optical circuits of Y waveguide is connected by optical fiber with a described signal detection light paths respectively, two output terminals of the multi-functional integrated optical circuit of described Y waveguide are connected by optical fiber with the input end of two polarization branch/bundling devices respectively
Two output terminals of described two polarization branch/bundling devices are connected with the input end fiber of described polarization maintaining optical fibre monocycle respectively,
In described two signal detection light paths each comprises circulator and photodetector, a port of described circulator links to each other with the input end fiber that described linearly polarized light produces light path, described circulator another port is connected by optical fiber with described photodetector, is used to receive the light signal that returns from described polarization maintaining optical fibre monocycle.
14. a biorthogonal interferometric fiber optic gyroscope comprises two light sources, two linearly polarized lights produce light path, two signal detection light paths, polarization maintaining optical fibre dicyclo;
Described light source is the wide spectrum light source of two different-wavebands, is connected with two input end fiber that described linearly polarized light produces light path by described signal detection light paths;
It is two multi-functional integrated optical circuits of single Polarization Modulation Y waveguide that described two linearly polarized lights produce light path, the input end of described two multi-functional integrated optical circuits of Y waveguide is connected by optical fiber with a described signal detection light paths respectively, two output terminals of the multi-functional integrated optical circuit of described Y waveguide are connected by optical fiber with the input end of described polarization maintaining optical fibre dicyclo respectively
In described two signal detection light paths each comprises circulator and photodetector, a port of described circulator links to each other with the input end fiber that described linearly polarized light produces light path, described circulator another port is connected by optical fiber with described photodetector, is used to receive the light signal that returns from described polarization maintaining optical fibre dicyclo.
15. as claim 13 or 14 described fibre optic gyroscopes, wherein, described polarization maintaining optical fibre monocycle or dicyclo are the fiber optic loop of symmetrical four utmost point method coilings.
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