CN103047980A - Re-entry-type fiber-optic gyroscope - Google Patents
Re-entry-type fiber-optic gyroscope Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a re-entry-type fiber-optic gyroscope. The fiber-optic gyroscope comprises a light source, a photoelectric detector, a first coupler with two ports, an MIOC (memory input/output controller) with three ports, a second coupler with four ports, and a Sagnac-effect fiber-optic sensitive ring, wherein each two of the four ports of the second coupler are communicated with each other; the light source and the photoelectric detector are connected with a port of the first coupler through an optical fiber; the other port of the first coupler is connected with one port of the MIOC through an optical fiber; the other two ports of the MIOC are respectively connected with two ports, which are not communicated with each other, of the second coupler through an optical fiber; and the Sagnac-effect fiber-optic sensitive ring is connected with other two ports of the second coupler. The fiber-optic gyroscope can meet directional conditions, so that the detection accuracy is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the optical communication technique field, more specifically, relate to a kind of Re-entrant Fiber Optic Gyroscope.
Background technology
1981, Re-entrant Fiber Optic Gyroscope has been proposed first, this Re-entrant Fiber Optic Gyroscope is called again resonance interference formula optical fibre gyro.Traditional Re-entrant Fiber Optic Gyroscope as shown in Figure 1, and is similar with the structure of interference type optical fiber gyroscope, and difference only is to have increased a coupling mechanism between fiber optical gyroscope (MIOC) and Sagnac effect sensing ring (SSR).Suppose that input optical electric field intensity is E
In, through the multi-turn circulation.Detector can detect each clockwise and counterclockwise ring signal, and two-beam interferes at the detector place, obtains useful coherence messages to be:
Wherein,
α is the amplitude coupling coefficient of coupling mechanism 2, t
fBe the amplitude transmission factor of SSR, φ
SIt is the Sagnac phase shift.
Fig. 1 shows traditional Re-entrant Fiber Optic Gyroscope logical schematic.As shown in Figure 1, then the light that light source sends propagated according to counterclockwise and clockwise both direction in SSR through MIOC, coupling mechanism 2 by coupling mechanism 1.Particularly, the travel path of the counterclockwise light among the SSR is: the port one and the port 4 that pass through successively MIOC, coupling mechanism 2, enter into subsequently SSR and propagate clockwise, then turn back to counterclockwise MIOC(sometimes through port 2 and port 3 successively, light is the multi-turn circulation in SSR).The travel path of the clockwise light among the SSR is: pass through successively port 3 and the port 2 of MIOC, coupling mechanism 2, enter into subsequently SSR and propagate counterclockwise, then turn back to clockwise MIOC through port 4 and port one successively.
Can find out that from above-mentioned equation (1) last output signal is the stack of all circle phase places.In the Re-entrant Fiber Optic Gyroscope shown in Figure 1, because the light multi-turn that in SSR, circulates, be equivalent to prolong the length of SSR.Therefore the advantage of this Re-entrant Fiber Optic Gyroscope is: be similar to resonance type optical fiber gyro, it is oversize and the shortcoming of the temperature influence that brings has thus improved precision to have overcome the used optical fiber of optical fibre gyro; Shorten fiber lengths, can significantly reduce cost, reduced size.
The ultimate principle of optical fibre gyro is to detect the Sagnac phase shift φ that contains angular velocity of rotation information
S, usually, φ
SLarger, detection sensitivity is higher.Yet the traditional Re-entrant Fiber Optic Gyroscope shown in above-mentioned Fig. 1 does not satisfy directional conditions, thereby the precision that causes actual measurement to obtain is not ideal enough.Described directional conditions refers to that all elementary cells in the optical fibre gyro make the contribution of same-sign to total phase response of resonance structure herein, and the situation of not cancelling out each other.And in Fig. 1, the resonant tank between MIOC and the coupling mechanism 2 is (referred to as SSR
1Although) not long, the phase differential build-up effect can not be ignored.Thus, at SSR
1In the light propagated clockwise will become counterclockwise propagation through coupling mechanism 2, in like manner at SSR
1In the light propagated counterclockwise will become clockwise propagation through coupling mechanism 2, will offset like this Sagnac phase shift of accumulation, thereby cause accuracy of detection not high.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above problems, one object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Re-entrant Fiber Optic Gyroscope, and this Re-entrant Fiber Optic Gyroscope can satisfy directional conditions, thereby improves accuracy of detection.
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of Re-entrant Fiber Optic Gyroscope, having comprised: a kind of Re-entrant Fiber Optic Gyroscope, it is characterized in that, comprising: light source; Photodetector; The first coupling mechanism with two ports; Fiber optical gyroscope (MIOC) with three ports; The second coupling mechanism and Sagnac effect optical fiber sensing ring with four ports, in described the second coupling mechanism four ports communicate in twos, wherein, described light source links to each other with a port of described the first coupling mechanism via optical fiber with photodetector, the another port of described the first coupling mechanism links to each other with the port of described MIOC via optical fiber, in addition two ports of described MIOC link to each other with two not connected ports of described the second coupling mechanism via optical fiber respectively, and described Sagnac effect optical fiber sensing ring links to each other with other two ports of described the second coupling mechanism.
In one or more examples aspect above-mentioned, described Sagnac effect optical fiber sensing ring can be the singlemode resonance ring.
In one or more examples aspect above-mentioned, described Sagnac effect optical fiber sensing ring can be parallel resonant ring.In a preferred exemplary, described parallel resonant ring can be polarization maintaining optical fibre rotation cascade resonant ring.In another preferred exemplary, described parallel resonant ring can be multimode optical fiber/multi-core fiber rotation cascade resonant ring.
Utilize above-mentioned Re-entrant Fiber Optic Gyroscope, because resonant tank and Sagnac effect optical fiber sensing ring between MIOC and the second coupling mechanism are positioned at the same side of the second coupling mechanism, thereby can satisfy directional conditions, improve thus the accuracy of detection of optical fibre gyro.
In order to realize above-mentioned and relevant purpose, one or more aspects of the present invention comprise the feature that the back will describe in detail and particularly point out in the claims.Following explanation and accompanying drawing describe some illustrative aspects of the present invention in detail.Yet, the indication of these aspects only be some modes that can use in the variety of way of principle of the present invention.In addition, the present invention is intended to comprise all these aspects and their equivalent.
Description of drawings
By the content of reference below in conjunction with the description of the drawings and claims, and along with understanding more comprehensively of the present invention, other purpose of the present invention and result will understand and easy to understand more.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 shows the structural representation of conventional Re-entrant Fiber Optic Gyroscope;
Fig. 2 shows the structural representation of Re-entrant Fiber Optic Gyroscope according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 shows the structural representation of Re-entrant Fiber Optic Gyroscope according to another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 shows the synoptic diagram of the polarization maintaining optical fibre rotation cascade resonant ring among Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 shows the group index simulation comparison figure of parallel resonant ring and singlemode resonance ring;
Fig. 6 is the synoptic diagram of multimode optical fiber or multi-core fiber rotation cascade resonant ring; With
Fig. 7 shows the structural representation of Re-entrant Fiber Optic Gyroscope according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Identical label is indicated similar or corresponding feature or function in institute's drawings attached.
Embodiment
In the following description, for purposes of illustration, for the complete understanding to one or more embodiment is provided, many details have been set forth.Yet, clearly, can not have to realize these embodiment in the situation of these details yet.In other example, one or more embodiment for convenience of description, known structure and equipment illustrate with the form of block scheme.
Come below with reference to accompanying drawings each embodiment according to the present invention is described in detail.
Fig. 2 shows the structural representation of Re-entrant Fiber Optic Gyroscope according to an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in Figure 2, the coupling mechanism 1(that this Re-entrant Fiber Optic Gyroscope comprises light source, photodetector, have two ports namely, the first coupling mechanism), have three ports fiber optical gyroscope (MIOC), have four ports coupling mechanism 2(namely, the second coupling mechanism) and Sagnac effect optical fiber sensing ring (hereinafter referred to as the SSR ring).
Described light source is for generation of light, such as producing narrow band light.In an example of the present invention, described light source can be wide spectrum light source for example, such as LASER Light Source.Perhaps, described light source can be other suitable light source.Described photodetector is used for carrying out photodetection, thereby the light signal that receives is converted to electric signal for the subsequent treatment of optical fibre gyro.
In the Re-entrant Fiber Optic Gyroscope shown in Fig. 2, a port (port one) of described coupling mechanism 1 links to each other with photodetector with described light source via optical fiber, and the another port of described coupling mechanism 1 (port 2) links to each other with the port (port one) of described MIOC via optical fiber.
Described MIOC can be Y waveguide or multi-functional integrated optical waveguide modulator.The core devices that described multi-functional integrated optical waveguide modulator is closed-loop fiber optic gyroscope, having had partially with analyzing, beam splitting and restrainted and electric light phase-modulation compensate function with closing, is the key of the good characteristics such as the sensitivity of realization closed-loop fiber optic gyroscope, wide dynamic range, high output linearity degree.
As shown in Figure 2, described MIOC has three ports usually, port one, port 2 and port.In these three ports any one can be as input port and output port.For example, as shown in Figure 2, when light when coupling mechanism 1 arrives MIOC and be transferred to coupling mechanism 2, port one is as input port, port 2 and port 3 are as output port.And when light arrived coupling mechanism 2 and is transferred to coupling mechanism 1 via MIOC after the circulation in SSR ring, port one was as output port, and port 2 and port 3 are as input port.
Described coupling mechanism 2 has four ports, that is, port one, port 2, port 3 and port 4, described four ports communicate in twos, and particularly, port one communicates with port 4, and port 2 and port 3 communicate.In the present invention, described coupling mechanism 1 and coupling mechanism 2 are single-mode fiber directional couplers.
The port 2 of the port one of described MIOC and coupling mechanism 1 links to each other via optical fiber, and in addition two ports (port 2 and port 3) of described MIOC link to each other with two not connected ports of described the second coupling mechanism via optical fiber respectively.For example, as shown in Figure 2, the port 2 of MIOC links to each other with the port 3 of coupling mechanism 2, and the port 3 of MIOC links to each other with the port one of coupling mechanism 2.Shown in Fig. 2 only is example, also can adopt the port 2 of MIOC to link to each other with the port 4 of coupling mechanism 2 via optical fiber, and the port 3 of MIOC links to each other via the port one of optical fiber with coupling mechanism 3.Perhaps, also can adopt other connected mode, link to each other with two not connected ports of described the second coupling mechanism via optical fiber respectively as long as satisfy in addition two ports (port 2 and port 3) of MIOC.
Described SSR ring is the singlemode resonance ring, is that tens meters single-mode fiber consists of by length normally, and described SSR ring links to each other with other two ports of coupling mechanism 2, and shown in Fig. 2 is to link to each other with port 4 with the port 2 of coupling mechanism 2.
Shown in figure 2 in the situation, from the light of port 2 outputs of MIOC, enter from the port 3 of coupling mechanism 2, then enter in the SSR ring through port 2, in the SSR ring, propagate clockwise, then turn back to clockwise successively the port 3 of MIOC through port 4 and port one.And from the light of port 3 output of MIOC, enter from the port one of coupling mechanism 2, then enter in the SSR ring through port 4, in the SSR ring, propagate counterclockwise, then turn back to counterclockwise successively the port 2 of MIOC through port 2 and port 3.
As can be seen from above, in the Re-entrant Fiber Optic Gyroscope, the resonant tank between MIOC and the coupling mechanism 2 and SSR ring are positioned at the same side of coupling mechanism 2 shown in figure 2.In this case, the direction that light is propagated once will can not change, and the phase response of accumulation is identical symbol thus, and the Sagnac effect can strengthen rather than subdue to some extent, thereby can satisfy directional conditions, improves thus the accuracy of detection of optical fibre gyro.
Fig. 3 shows the structural representation of Re-entrant Fiber Optic Gyroscope according to another embodiment of the present invention.As can be seen from Figure 3, the structure that illustrates among the structure shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 2 is similar, and its difference only is that described SSR ring is polarization maintaining optical fibre rotation cascade resonant ring.For example, add shown in figure 2 polarization maintaining optical fibre rotation cascade structure in the SSR ring, be generally three sections polarization maintaining optical fibres to 45 ° of welding of axle, every segment length is several meters.The remainder of resonant ring is comprised of single-mode fiber.
Fig. 4 shows the synoptic diagram of the polarization maintaining optical fibre rotation cascade resonant ring among Fig. 3.As shown in Figure 4, in this polarization maintaining optical fibre rotation cascade resonant ring, multistage polarization maintaining optical fibre rotation cascade.Here, when described rotation cascade referred to two sections polarization maintaining optical fibre welding, rotation angle was set to 45 ° of mutually docking between the fast axle (or slow axis).
Improvement with respect to the optical fibre gyro structure shown in Fig. 2 describes the below to the structure of the optical fibre gyro shown in Fig. 3.
The present invention is a kind of novel interference type optical fiber gyroscope, and the important indicator of optical fibre gyro is rotation sensitivity, namely increases the Sagnac phase shift.Usually, high dispersion coupling resonance unit is to raising and the group index n of rotation sensitivity
gBe directly proportional, therefore, increase group index and can amplify the Sagnac effect:
Thus, in order to amplify the Sagnac effect, high dispersion need to be satisfied two properties: the firstth, and high group index, the secondth, satisfy directional conditions, the phase place of each resonant ring contribution is added up.Theoretical simulation and experimental results show that, polarization maintaining optical fibre rotation cascade resonant ring (as shown in Figure 4) has high dispersion characteristics, because 45 ° of rotations of polarization maintaining optical fibre fast and slow axis are equal in the index magnitude and have increased resonant tank, so this resonance structure also can be called parallel resonant ring.
Fig. 5 shows under identical resonant ring length (10m), identical coupling mechanism parameter, the group index simulation comparison of parallel resonant ring and single-mode fiber resonant ring.As can be seen from Figure 5, the group index of parallel resonant ring exceeds 7 times than the group index of singlemode resonance ring.
Therefore, when the SSR that is made of the singlemode resonance ring ring shown in Fig. 2 is replaced with the SSR ring that is made of polarization maintaining optical fibre rotation cascade structure, will increase the group index of whole resonance structure, thereby amplify the Sagnac effect, further improve thus the accuracy of detection of optical fibre gyro.
In addition, by theoretical analysis as can be known, polarization maintaining optical fibre rotation cascade has been equivalent to increase the number of resonant tank, and multimode optical fiber or multi-core fiber cascade have same effect.Thus, can utilize multimode optical fiber or multi-core fiber resonant ring to replace the polarization maintaining optical fibre rotation cascade structure shown in Fig. 5.Usually, can transmit a plurality of patterns in one section multimode optical fiber or the multi-core fiber, the rotation cascade can increase more resonant tank, and Fig. 6 is the synoptic diagram of multimode optical fiber or multi-core fiber rotation cascade resonant ring.
Fig. 7 shows the structural representation of Re-entrant Fiber Optic Gyroscope according to another embodiment of the present invention.Compare with Fig. 5, the structure of the Re-entrant Fiber Optic Gyroscope shown in Fig. 7 and the difference of the structure shown in Fig. 5 only are to utilize multimode optical fiber or multi-core fiber resonant ring to replace polarization maintaining optical fibre rotation cascade structure.For example, adding one segment length was several meters multimode optical fiber or multi-core fiber during SSR encircled shown in figure 2, perhaps also can add multimode optical fiber or the multi-core fiber of multistage cascade.In addition, general preferred by the fused biconical taper connection between single-mode fiber and the multimode/multi-core fiber, also can adopt the docking of xsect flush end.
Utilize the Re-entrant Fiber Optic Gyroscope structure shown in Fig. 7, can realize the technique effect identical with optical fibre gyro structure among Fig. 5.
In addition, only show two examples of the SSR ring that can realize having parallel resonant ring structure among Fig. 5 and Fig. 7, in other example of the present invention, also can adopt other suitable parallel resonant ring structure to realize the SSR ring.
Although the disclosed content in front shows exemplary embodiment of the present invention, should be noted that under the prerequisite of the scope of the present invention that does not deviate from the claim restriction, can carry out multiple change and modification.Function, step and/or action according to the claim to a method of inventive embodiments described herein do not need to carry out with any particular order.In addition, although element of the present invention can be with individual formal description or requirement, also it is contemplated that a plurality of, unless clearly be restricted to odd number.
Although disclose the present invention in conjunction with the preferred embodiment that is shown specifically and describes, but those skilled in the art are to be understood that, for true value method of estimation and the device based on orthogonal measuring that the invention described above proposes, can also make various improvement on the basis that does not break away from content of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the content of appending claims.
Claims (5)
1. a Re-entrant Fiber Optic Gyroscope is characterized in that, comprising: light source; Photodetector; The first coupling mechanism with two ports; Fiber optical gyroscope (MIOC) with three ports; The second coupling mechanism and Sagnac effect optical fiber sensing ring with four ports, in described the second coupling mechanism four ports communicate in twos,
Wherein, described light source links to each other with a port of described the first coupling mechanism via optical fiber with photodetector, the another port of described the first coupling mechanism links to each other with the port of described MIOC via optical fiber, in addition two ports of described MIOC link to each other with two not connected ports of described the second coupling mechanism via optical fiber respectively, and described Sagnac effect optical fiber sensing ring links to each other with other two ports of described the second coupling mechanism.
2. Re-entrant Fiber Optic Gyroscope as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described Sagnac effect optical fiber sensing ring is the singlemode resonance ring.
3. Re-entrant Fiber Optic Gyroscope as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described Sagnac effect optical fiber sensing ring is parallel resonant ring.
4. Re-entrant Fiber Optic Gyroscope as claimed in claim 3, wherein, described parallel resonant ring is polarization maintaining optical fibre rotation cascade resonant ring.
5. Re-entrant Fiber Optic Gyroscope as claimed in claim 3, wherein, described parallel resonant ring is multimode optical fiber/multi-core fiber rotation cascade resonant ring.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108680152A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2018-10-19 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | A kind of open-loop optical fiber gyro based on 45 ° of inclined optical fiber grating polarizers |
| WO2020022157A1 (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2020-01-30 | 国立研究開発法人宇宙航空研究開発機構 | Interferometric optical fiber gyroscope and sensing coil mechanism |
| CN112797970A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-05-14 | 浙江大学 | Device and method for realizing sensitivity multiplication of fiber-optic gyroscope based on multi-core fiber |
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| CN101706280A (en) * | 2009-11-27 | 2010-05-12 | 北京航空航天大学 | Optical path structure for stimulated Brillouin optical fiber gyroscope |
| CN101886925A (en) * | 2010-05-27 | 2010-11-17 | 北京大学 | Multi-wavelength interference type optical fiber gyro based on carrier modulation |
| CN102003960A (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2011-04-06 | 北京大学 | Multichannel feedback based Brillouin gyroscope |
| CN102128621A (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2011-07-20 | 北京大学 | Interference optical fiber gyroscope for measuring multidimensional vector |
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| US4848910A (en) * | 1987-06-11 | 1989-07-18 | Alsthom | Sagnac type optical fiber interferometer system |
| CN101706280A (en) * | 2009-11-27 | 2010-05-12 | 北京航空航天大学 | Optical path structure for stimulated Brillouin optical fiber gyroscope |
| CN101886925A (en) * | 2010-05-27 | 2010-11-17 | 北京大学 | Multi-wavelength interference type optical fiber gyro based on carrier modulation |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108680152A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2018-10-19 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | A kind of open-loop optical fiber gyro based on 45 ° of inclined optical fiber grating polarizers |
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| WO2020022157A1 (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2020-01-30 | 国立研究開発法人宇宙航空研究開発機構 | Interferometric optical fiber gyroscope and sensing coil mechanism |
| JP2020016525A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2020-01-30 | 国立研究開発法人宇宙航空研究開発機構 | Interference optical fiber gyro and sensing coil mechanism |
| JP7216951B2 (en) | 2018-07-25 | 2023-02-02 | 国立研究開発法人宇宙航空研究開発機構 | Interferometric fiber optic gyro and sensing coil mechanism |
| CN112797970A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-05-14 | 浙江大学 | Device and method for realizing sensitivity multiplication of fiber-optic gyroscope based on multi-core fiber |
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