CN104075705A - Optical fiber gyroscope for improving velocity sensitivity - Google Patents
Optical fiber gyroscope for improving velocity sensitivity Download PDFInfo
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- CN104075705A CN104075705A CN201410300231.4A CN201410300231A CN104075705A CN 104075705 A CN104075705 A CN 104075705A CN 201410300231 A CN201410300231 A CN 201410300231A CN 104075705 A CN104075705 A CN 104075705A
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- angular velocity
- sensing unit
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- velocity sensing
- beam splitting
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C19/00—Gyroscopes; Turn-sensitive devices using vibrating masses; Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses; Measuring angular rate using gyroscopic effects
- G01C19/58—Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses
- G01C19/64—Gyrometers using the Sagnac effect, i.e. rotation-induced shifts between counter-rotating electromagnetic beams
- G01C19/72—Gyrometers using the Sagnac effect, i.e. rotation-induced shifts between counter-rotating electromagnetic beams with counter-rotating light beams in a passive ring, e.g. fibre laser gyrometers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C19/00—Gyroscopes; Turn-sensitive devices using vibrating masses; Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses; Measuring angular rate using gyroscopic effects
- G01C19/58—Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses
- G01C19/64—Gyrometers using the Sagnac effect, i.e. rotation-induced shifts between counter-rotating electromagnetic beams
- G01C19/72—Gyrometers using the Sagnac effect, i.e. rotation-induced shifts between counter-rotating electromagnetic beams with counter-rotating light beams in a passive ring, e.g. fibre laser gyrometers
- G01C19/721—Details
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Abstract
The invention discloses an optical fiber gyroscope for improving velocity sensitivity. The optical fiber gyroscope comprises an optical processing unit and a calculating unit, wherein the optical processing unit comprises an optical source, a third beam splitter, a first angular velocity sensing unit and a second angular velocity sensing unit; the third beam splitter is used for splitting light emitted by the optical source into two paths of incident light; the first angular velocity sensing unit and the second angular velocity sensing unit are used for performing polarization beam splitting/combination treatment, respectively, so that two different polarization states are formed in an optical fiber ring, and are separated by polarization beam splitting/combination treatment, and current signals are output; the calculating unit is used for calculating difference of the current signals output from the two polarization states, thereby obtaining final velocity information. According to the invention, the same polarization maintaining optical fiber ring is adopted, and the polarization states in the optical fiber ring are controlled by the polarization beam splitting/combining device, thereby multiplying a sensitive loop equivalently, and improving the precision of the optical fiber gyroscope.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of photoelectric technology, relate in particular to a kind of fibre optic gyroscope that improves rate sensitivity.
Background technology
1913, Sagnac (Sagnac) proposed to use the rotation that can measure equally relative inertness space without moving optical system.Initial device is made up of a collimated light source and a beam splitter, the light of input is divided into the light of the contrary transmission of two bundles, when light is propagated in closed light path, in the time that whole system is rotated, can observe the transverse shifting of interference fringe, this is called Sagnac effect, and the interferometer of formation is called Sagnac interferometer.This theory is the theoretical foundation of optical fibre gyro, for optical fibre gyro, generally adopts annular light path, the interferometric phase φ producing when its rotation
smathematic(al) representation be:
In formula: L is fiber lengths; D is fiber optic loop diameter; λ
0for optical source wavelength; c
0for the light velocity in vacuum; Ω is the angular speed of optical fibre gyro rotation.
Through the development of more than 30 years, at present from development trend, other gyros of replacement are become main flow by optical fibre gyro (FOG).But the main sensitive element of optical fibre gyro is the fiber optic loop by optical fiber coiling.Because optical fiber itself can responsive multiple physical quantity, cause the various nonreciprocal error of optical fibre gyro, improve optical fibre gyro precision if therefore want, must be suppressed various interference, and one of effective means that improves optical fibre gyro precision is to increase fiber optic loop, and increase the increase that fiber optic loop length causes error equally.
Summary of the invention
In view of above-mentioned analysis, the present invention aims to provide a kind of optical gyroscope that improves rate sensitivity, has the problem of larger error in order to solve existing optical gyroscope.
Object of the present invention is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions:
The invention provides a kind of fibre optic gyroscope that improves rate sensitivity, comprising: light processing unit and resolve unit, wherein,
Light processing unit, comprise: light source, the 3rd beam splitter, the first angular velocity sensing unit and the second angular velocity sensing unit, wherein, the 3rd beam splitter is divided into two-way incident light for the light that light source is sent and enters respectively the first angular velocity sensing unit and the second angular velocity sensing unit, the first angular velocity sensing unit and the second angular velocity sensing unit are processed and are made to form in this fiber optic loop two different polarization states by polarization beam splitting/close bundle respectively, and are processed two polarization states are separated and output current signal by polarization beam splitting/close bundle;
Resolve unit, resolve for the current signal of above-mentioned two polarization states output is carried out to difference, obtain final result.
Further, described the first angular velocity sensing unit comprises: the first photodetector, the first beam splitter, the first modulator, the first polarization/bundling device and fiber optic loop, and described the second angular velocity sensing unit comprises: the second photodetector, the second beam splitter, the second modulator, the second polarization/bundling device and fiber optic loop;
The leading up to of two-way incident light modulated by the first modulator after the first beam splitter and is divided into two bunch polarisations, wherein after the A end of a bunch polarisation by the first polarization beam splitting/bundling device, enter fiber optic loop with original polarization state, and transmit in a clockwise direction and responsive rate information, then by the second polarization beam splitting/bundling device, export with original polarization state at the A ' of the second polarization beam splitting/bundling device port, then carry responsive rate information and return to the first modulator; After the A ' end of another bunch polarisation by the second polarization beam splitting/bundling device, enter fiber optic loop with original polarization state, with also responsive rate information of counterclockwise transmission, then by the first polarization beam splitting/bundling device, export with original polarization state at the A of the first polarization beam splitting/bundling device port, then carry responsive rate information and return to the first modulator, interfere at the first modulator place, return to the first photodetector through the first beam splitter, the first photodetector will interfere the light intensity signal forming to be converted to current signal output;
Another road incident light is modulated and is divided into two bunch polarisations by the second modulator after by the second beam splitter, wherein a bunch polarisation is by the rear original polarization state half-twist of B end of the first polarization beam splitting/bundling device, then enter fiber optic loop, and transmit in a clockwise direction and responsive phase information, then by the second polarization beam splitting/bundling device, at the B ' of the second polarization beam splitting/bundling device port, polarized light half-twist is exported with original polarization state, then carry responsive rate information and return to the second modulator, and another light beam enters fiber optic loop by the rear original polarization state half-twist of B ' end of the second polarization beam splitting/bundling device, with also responsive rate information of counterclockwise transmission, then by the first polarization beam splitting/bundling device, at the B of the first polarization beam splitting/bundling device port, polarized light half-twist is exported with original polarization state, then carry responsive rate information and return to the second modulator, interfere at the second modulator place, return to the second photodetector through the second beam splitter, the second photodetector will interfere the light intensity signal forming to be converted to current signal output.
Further, above-mentioned the first angular velocity sensing unit current signal is output as:
The second angular velocity sensing unit current signal is output as:
Wherein, I
0, I
0' be respectively the light intensity that arrives detector in the first angular velocity sensing unit and the second angular velocity sensing unit, Δ φ
m(t), Δ φ
m' (t) be respectively the phase modulation of phase-modulator in the first angular velocity sensing unit and the second angular velocity sensing unit, φ
sand φ
s' be respectively the Sagnac phase differential that the first angular velocity sensing unit and the second angular velocity sensing unit cause due to responsive speed.
The responsive angular speed equal and opposite in direction of described the first angular velocity sensing unit and the second angular velocity sensing unit, opposite amplitude, i.e. φ
s=-φ
s'.
Further, described the first angular velocity sensing unit is identical with the phase modulation of phase-modulator in the second angular velocity sensing unit, i.e. Δ φ
m(t)=Δ φ
m' (t), be all square-wave frequency modulation, modulation amplitude is ± pi/2 that the cycle is 1/2 τ, the transit time that τ is described fibre optic gyroscope.
Further, the light intensity that arrives detector in described first and second angular velocity sensing unit is identical, therefore described in, resolve unit and the electric current of the first angular velocity sensing unit and the second angular velocity sensing unit is carried out to difference resolve, its output is subtracted each other that to obtain difference be I
0sin φ
s, compare the angular velocity detecting on each road and double, realize the equivalence multiplication of responsive loop.
Further, described light source is SLD light source, Er-Doped superfluorescent fiber source or LED light source.
Further, described fiber optic loop is to form with polarization maintaining optical fibre coiling, and described polarization maintaining optical fibre is panda type polarization-preserving fiber, bow-tie type polarization maintaining optical fibre, ellipse core fibre or photonic crystal fiber.
Further, described the 3rd beam splitter is polarization-maintaining coupler or monomode coupler; The first described beam splitter and the second beam splitter are polarization-maintaining coupler, or monomode coupler and circulator.
Further, described the first polarization beam splitting/bundling device, the second polarization beam splitting/bundling device is polarization-maintaining coupler.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
The present invention adopts same polarization-maintaining fiber coil, adopt the polarization state in polarization beam splitting/bundling device control fiber optic loop, make to form in fiber optic loop two interferometers that polarization state is different, by polarization beam splitting/bundling device, two polarization states are separated, thereby realize the equivalence multiplication of responsive loop, improve optical fibre gyro precision.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in the following description, and, part from instructions, become apparent, or by implement the present invention understand.Object of the present invention and other advantages can be realized and be obtained by specifically noted structure in write instructions, claims and accompanying drawing.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of optical gyroscope described in the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Specifically describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, wherein, accompanying drawing forms the application's part, and together with embodiments of the present invention for explaining principle of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, Fig. 1 is the structural representation of optical gyroscope described in the embodiment of the present invention, specifically can comprise:
Light processing unit, comprise: light source, the 3rd beam splitter, the first angular velocity sensing unit and the second angular velocity sensing unit, wherein, the 3rd beam splitter is divided into two-way incident light for the light that light source is sent and enters respectively the first angular velocity sensing unit and the second angular velocity sensing unit, the first angular velocity sensing unit and the second angular velocity sensing unit are processed and are made to form in this fiber optic loop two different polarization states by polarization beam splitting/close bundle respectively, and are processed two polarization states are separated and output current signal by polarization beam splitting/close bundle;
Resolve unit, resolve for the current signal of above-mentioned two polarization states output is carried out to difference, obtain final rate information.
Wherein, described the first angular velocity sensing unit comprises: the first photodetector, the first beam splitter, the first modulator, the first polarization/bundling device and fiber optic loop, and described the second angular velocity sensing unit comprises: the second photodetector, the second beam splitter, the second modulator, the second polarization/bundling device and fiber optic loop;
The light that light source sends is by after the 3rd beam splitter, form two bundle incident lights, wherein lead up to and modulated by the first modulator after the first beam splitter and be divided into two bunch polarisations, wherein after the A end of a bunch polarisation by the first polarization beam splitting/bundling device, enter fiber optic loop with original polarization state, and transmit in a clockwise direction and responsive rate information, then by the second polarization beam splitting/bundling device, export with original polarization state at the A ' of the second polarization beam splitting/bundling device port, then carry responsive rate information and return to the first modulator; After the A ' end of another bunch polarisation by the second polarization beam splitting/bundling device, enter fiber optic loop with original polarization state, with also responsive rate information of counterclockwise transmission, then by the first polarization beam splitting/bundling device, export with original polarization state at the A of the first polarization beam splitting/bundling device port, then carry responsive rate information and return to the first modulator, interfere at the first modulator place, return to the first photodetector through the first beam splitter, the first photodetector will interfere the light intensity signal forming to be converted to current signal output;
The 3rd beam splitter forms another road incident light, wherein by being modulated by the second modulator after the second beam splitter and being divided into two bunch polarisations, wherein a bunch polarisation is by the rear original polarization state half-twist of B end of the first polarization beam splitting/bundling device, then enter fiber optic loop, and transmit in a clockwise direction and responsive phase information, then by the second polarization beam splitting/bundling device, at the B ' of the second polarization beam splitting/bundling device port, polarized light half-twist is exported with original polarization state, then carry responsive rate information and return to the second modulator, and another light beam enters fiber optic loop by the rear original polarization state half-twist of B ' end of the second polarization beam splitting/bundling device, with also responsive rate information of counterclockwise transmission, then by the first polarization beam splitting/bundling device, at the B of the first polarization beam splitting/bundling device port, polarized light half-twist is exported with original polarization state, then carry responsive rate information and return to the second modulator, interfere at the second modulator place, return to the second photodetector through the second beam splitter, the second photodetector will interfere the light intensity signal forming to be converted to current signal output.
Wherein a road is output as the output of the first angular velocity sensing unit:
Another road is the output of the second angular velocity sensing unit:
Wherein, I
0, I
0' be respectively the light intensity that arrives detector in the first angular velocity sensing unit and the second angular velocity sensing unit, Δ φ
m(t), Δ φ
m' (t) be respectively the phase modulation of phase-modulator in the first angular velocity sensing unit and the second angular velocity sensing unit, φ
sand φ
s' be respectively the Sagnac phase differential that the first angular velocity sensing unit and the second angular velocity sensing unit cause due to responsive speed, i.e. responsive angular speed.Wherein, the responsive angular speed equal and opposite in direction of the first angular velocity sensing unit and the second angular velocity sensing unit, opposite amplitude, i.e. φ
s=-φ
s'; The first angular velocity sensing unit is identical with the phase modulation of phase-modulator in the second angular velocity sensing unit, i.e. Δ φ
m(t)=Δ φ
m' (t), be all square-wave frequency modulation, modulation amplitude is ± pi/2 that the cycle is 1/2 τ, the transit time that τ is described fibre optic gyroscope.
Resolve unit, resolve for the result of above-mentioned the first angular velocity sensing unit and the output of the second angular velocity sensing unit polarization state is carried out to difference, obtain final rate information.Because the first angular velocity sensing unit is identical with the light intensity that arrives detector in the second angular velocity sensing unit, therefore described in, resolve unit and the electric current of the first angular velocity sensing unit and the second angular velocity sensing unit is carried out to difference resolve, its output is subtracted each other that to obtain difference be I
0sin φ
s, compare the angular velocity detecting on each road and double, realize the equivalence multiplication of responsive loop.
It should be noted that, above-mentioned light source can be SLD light source, Er-Doped superfluorescent fiber source or LED light source; Fiber optic loop is to form with polarization maintaining optical fibre coiling, and polarization maintaining optical fibre can be panda type polarization-preserving fiber, bow-tie type polarization maintaining optical fibre, ellipse core fibre or photonic crystal fiber.Above-mentioned the 3rd beam splitter can be polarization-maintaining coupler or monomode coupler, and the first beam splitter and the second beam splitter can be polarization-maintaining coupler, or monomode coupler and circulator.The first polarization beam splitting/bundling device, the second polarization beam splitting/bundling device can be polarization-maintaining coupler.
In sum, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of fibre optic gyroscope that improves rate sensitivity, scheme is in fact to use same polarization-maintaining fiber coil, adopt the polarization state in polarization beam splitting/bundling device control fiber optic loop, make to form in fiber optic loop two interferometers that polarization state is different, by polarization beam splitting/bundling device, two polarization states separated, thereby thereby the equivalence that realizes responsive loop double, improve optical fibre gyro precision, significantly improve optical fibre gyro precision and environmental suitability.
The above; only for preferably embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this, is anyly familiar with in technical scope that those skilled in the art disclose in the present invention; the variation that can expect easily or replacement, within all should being encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claims.
Claims (10)
1. a fibre optic gyroscope that improves rate sensitivity, is characterized in that, comprising: light processing unit and resolve unit, wherein,
Light processing unit, comprise: light source, the 3rd beam splitter, the first angular velocity sensing unit and the second angular velocity sensing unit, wherein, the 3rd beam splitter is divided into two-way incident light for the light that light source is sent and enters respectively the first angular velocity sensing unit and the second angular velocity sensing unit, the first angular velocity sensing unit and the second angular velocity sensing unit are processed and are made to form in this fiber optic loop two different polarization states by polarization beam splitting/close bundle respectively, and are processed two polarization states are separated and output current signal by polarization beam splitting/close bundle;
Resolve unit, resolve for the current signal of above-mentioned two polarization states output is carried out to difference, obtain final result.
2. fibre optic gyroscope according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described the first angular velocity sensing unit comprises: the first photodetector, the first beam splitter, the first modulator, the first polarization/bundling device and fiber optic loop, and described the second angular velocity sensing unit comprises: the second photodetector, the second beam splitter, the second modulator, the second polarization/bundling device and fiber optic loop;
The leading up to of two-way incident light modulated by the first modulator after the first beam splitter and is divided into two bunch polarisations, wherein after the A end of a bunch polarisation by the first polarization beam splitting/bundling device, enter fiber optic loop with original polarization state, and transmit in a clockwise direction and responsive rate information, then by the second polarization beam splitting/bundling device, export with original polarization state at the A ' of the second polarization beam splitting/bundling device port, then carry responsive rate information and return to the first modulator; After the A ' end of another bunch polarisation by the second polarization beam splitting/bundling device, enter fiber optic loop with original polarization state, with also responsive rate information of counterclockwise transmission, then by the first polarization beam splitting/bundling device, export with original polarization state at the A of the first polarization beam splitting/bundling device port, then carry responsive rate information and return to the first modulator, interfere at the first modulator place, return to the first photodetector through the first beam splitter, the first photodetector will interfere the light intensity signal forming to be converted to current signal output;
Another road incident light is modulated and is divided into two bunch polarisations by the second modulator after by the second beam splitter, wherein a bunch polarisation is by the rear original polarization state half-twist of B end of the first polarization beam splitting/bundling device, then enter fiber optic loop, and transmit in a clockwise direction and responsive phase information, then by the second polarization beam splitting/bundling device, at the B ' of the second polarization beam splitting/bundling device port, polarized light half-twist is exported with original polarization state, then carry responsive rate information and return to the second modulator, and another light beam enters fiber optic loop by the rear original polarization state half-twist of B ' end of the second polarization beam splitting/bundling device, with also responsive rate information of counterclockwise transmission, then by the first polarization beam splitting/bundling device, at the B of the first polarization beam splitting/bundling device port, polarized light half-twist is exported with original polarization state, then carry responsive rate information and return to the second modulator, interfere at the second modulator place, return to the second photodetector through the second beam splitter, the second photodetector will interfere the light intensity signal forming to be converted to current signal output.
3. optical gyroscope according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned the first angular velocity sensing unit current signal is output as:
The second angular velocity sensing unit current signal is output as:
Wherein, I
0, I
0' be respectively the light intensity that arrives detector in the first angular velocity sensing unit and the second angular velocity sensing unit, Δ φ
m(t), Δ φ
m' (t) be respectively the phase modulation of phase-modulator in the first angular velocity sensing unit and the second angular velocity sensing unit, φ
sand φ
s' be respectively the Sagnac phase differential that the first angular velocity sensing unit and the second angular velocity sensing unit cause due to responsive speed, i.e. responsive angular speed.
4. fibre optic gyroscope according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the responsive angular speed equal and opposite in direction of described the first angular velocity sensing unit and the second angular velocity sensing unit, opposite amplitude, i.e. φ
s=-φ
s'.
5. fibre optic gyroscope according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described the first angular velocity sensing unit is identical with the phase modulation of phase-modulator in the second angular velocity sensing unit, i.e. Δ φ
m(t)=Δ φ
m' (t), be all square-wave frequency modulation, modulation amplitude is ± pi/2 that the cycle is 1/2 τ, the transit time that τ is described fibre optic gyroscope.
6. fibre optic gyroscope according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described the first angular velocity sensing unit is identical with the light intensity that arrives detector in the second angular velocity sensing unit, therefore described in, resolve unit and the electric current of the first angular velocity sensing unit and the second angular velocity sensing unit is carried out to difference resolve, its output is subtracted each other that to obtain difference be I
0sin φ
s, compare the angular velocity detecting on each road and double, realize the equivalence multiplication of responsive loop.
7. fibre optic gyroscope according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described light source is SLD light source, Er-Doped superfluorescent fiber source or LED light source.
8. fibre optic gyroscope according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described fiber optic loop is to form with polarization maintaining optical fibre coiling, and described polarization maintaining optical fibre is panda type polarization-preserving fiber, bow-tie type polarization maintaining optical fibre, ellipse core fibre or photonic crystal fiber.
9. fibre optic gyroscope according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described the 3rd beam splitter is polarization-maintaining coupler or monomode coupler; The first described beam splitter and the second beam splitter are polarization-maintaining coupler, or monomode coupler and circulator.
10. fibre optic gyroscope according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described the first polarization beam splitting/bundling device, and the second polarization beam splitting/bundling device is polarization-maintaining coupler.
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