CN102007330B - 用于双柄龙头的模制水道 - Google Patents

用于双柄龙头的模制水道 Download PDF

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CN102007330B
CN102007330B CN2009801128673A CN200980112867A CN102007330B CN 102007330 B CN102007330 B CN 102007330B CN 2009801128673 A CN2009801128673 A CN 2009801128673A CN 200980112867 A CN200980112867 A CN 200980112867A CN 102007330 B CN102007330 B CN 102007330B
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valve
pipe
water inlet
interface
joiner
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CN102007330A (zh
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托马斯·C·皮内特
库尔特·J·托马斯
克里斯托弗·迈克尔·麦圭尔
加里·罗宾·马蒂
布里安·阿朗·恩劳
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Masco Corp
Mercury Plastics LLC
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Delta Faucet Co
Mercury Plastics LLC
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/10—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with two or more closure members not moving as a unit
    • F16K11/20—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with two or more closure members not moving as a unit operated by separate actuating members
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03C—DOMESTIC PLUMBING INSTALLATIONS FOR FRESH WATER OR WASTE WATER; SINKS
    • E03C1/00—Domestic plumbing installations for fresh water or waste water; Sinks
    • E03C1/02—Plumbing installations for fresh water
    • E03C1/04—Water-basin installations specially adapted to wash-basins or baths
    • E03C1/0403—Connecting the supply lines to the tap body
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/02—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
    • F16K11/06—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements
    • F16K11/072—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with pivoted closure members
    • F16K11/074—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with pivoted closure members with flat sealing faces
    • F16K11/0743—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with pivoted closure members with flat sealing faces with both the supply and the discharge passages being on one side of the closure plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/10—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with two or more closure members not moving as a unit
    • F16K11/20—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with two or more closure members not moving as a unit operated by separate actuating members
    • F16K11/207—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with two or more closure members not moving as a unit operated by separate actuating members with two handles or actuating mechanisms at opposite sides of the housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K19/00—Arrangements of valves and flow lines specially adapted for mixing fluids
    • F16K19/006—Specially adapted for faucets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K27/00—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor
    • F16K27/04—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of sliding valves
    • F16K27/044—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of sliding valves slide valves with flat obturating members
    • F16K27/045—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of sliding valves slide valves with flat obturating members with pivotal obturating members
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/598—With repair, tapping, assembly, or disassembly means
    • Y10T137/6011—Assembling, disassembling, or removing cartridge type valve [e.g., insertable and removable as a unit, etc.]
    • Y10T137/6014—Faucet type [e.g., domestic water use, etc.]
    • Y10T137/6017—Including removable valve head and seat unit
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/87571—Multiple inlet with single outlet
    • Y10T137/87579—Faucet attachment
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/87571—Multiple inlet with single outlet
    • Y10T137/87676—With flow control
    • Y10T137/87684—Valve in each inlet
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/9464—Faucets and spouts

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Valve Housings (AREA)
  • Domestic Plumbing Installations (AREA)
  • Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于中套龙头的模制水道组件，包括外模成型在联接器内的热水进水管和冷水进水管。

Description

用于双柄龙头的模制水道
技术领域
本发明主要涉及一种管道固定件(plumbing fixtures)，尤其涉及一种具有模制水道组件(molded waterway assembly)的龙头。
背景技术
龙头主要由单柄或者双柄来控制，单柄利用混合阀以使到达传送喷口的热水和冷水流的比例均衡，双柄利用两个单独的阀来分别地控制热水和冷水流。在通常的双柄龙头中，每一个收容在分别的热水和冷水阀中的热水和冷水阀体都通过诸如配对螺纹的通常的机械连接机构而被连接到下游水道。另外，每一个阀体都特别地被连接到单独的下游水道。在特定的实例中，阀体和下游水道是由黄铜砂型铸造的，或者是由黄铜部件机械制造并且通过铜焊接组件而成的。砂型铸造是典型的手工低技术处理，如果控制不当，就会引起针孔或者多孔。采用铜焊接连接的一个潜在的问题是诸如有害金属的非理想材料通过铜焊接连接被从铜焊接材料连通到水通道。另外，铜焊接通常是一种可能会导致故障的可变过程。此外，铜焊接通常需要随后执行的蚀刻操作。
发明内容
根据本公开的说明性实施例，与中套(centerset)龙头一起使用的水道组件包括具有相反的近端和远端的第一软管，和具有相反的近端和远端的第二软管。第二软管的近端被定位在相反于第一软管的近端隔开的位置上。联接器包括具有第一阀接口并且围绕第一软管的近端外膜成型的第一阀支架，和具有第二阀接口并且围绕第二软管的近端外膜成型的第二阀支架。出水管接口被定位在第一阀支架和第二阀支架的中间。出水管接口被构造成与出水管流体连通。第一流体连接器与第一阀支架和出水管接口的中间流体联接，并且第二流体连接器与第二阀支架和出水管接口的中间流体联接。
根据本公开的另外的说明性实施例，与中套龙头一起使用的水道组件包括具有相反的近端和远端的热水进水管，和具有相反的近端和远端的冷水进水管。联接器包括定位在热水进水管的近端和冷水进水管的近端的中间的出水口。联接器是热水进水管的近端和冷水进水管的近端的外模。外模包括具有流体地将热水进水管联接到出水口的内水道的热水流体连接器，和具有流体地将冷水进水管联接到出水口的内水道的冷水流体连接器。
根据本公开的另一说明性实施例，提供有用于连接到热水供应口和冷水供应口的龙头。龙头包括具有相反的近端和远端的热水进水管，所述远端被构造成被流体地联接到热水供应口。龙头进一步包括具有相反的近端和远端的冷水进水管，所述远端被构造成被流体地联接到冷水供应口。联接器包括具有热水阀接口且围绕热水进水管远端外膜成型的热水阀支架，和具有冷水阀接口且围绕冷水进水管的远端的外膜成型的冷水阀支架。出水管接口被定位在热水阀支架和冷水阀支架的中间。热水流体连接器包括流体地将热水进水管联接到出水管接口的内水道，并且冷水流体连接器包括流体地将冷水进水管联接到出水管接口的内水道。热水阀支架、冷水阀支架、出水管接口、热水流体连接器和冷水流体连接器一体地由聚合物注塑而成。热水阀被可打开地联接到热水阀支架以控制通过热水流体连接器的内水道的热水的流速，并且冷水阀可打开地联接到冷水阀支架以控制通过冷水流体连接器的内水道的冷水的流速。
根据本发明的另一说明性实施例，形成用于龙头的水道的方法包括以下步骤：提供具有腔的模具，提供具有相反的近端和远端的第一管，提供具有相反的近端和远端的第二管，将第一管的近端放置在模具的腔中，将第一心轴***第一管的近端，将第二管的近端放置在与第一管的近端隔开的模具的腔内，并且将第二心轴***第一管的近端。方法进一步包括以下步骤：将销定位在第一心轴和第二心轴中间的模具内，将可流动的材料喷射在模具的腔内，抽出第一心轴和第二心轴以形成第一和第二阀接口，和抽出该销以形成出口接口。
考虑到实施本发明最优方式的说明性实施例的具体说明，本发明的另外的特征和优点对于本发明领域的技术人员都是显而易见的。
附图说明
附图的具体说明尤其参考以下附图：
图1是安装到水池平板(sink deck)并且流体地联接到热水和冷水的供应线的本公开的说明性龙头的立体图。
图2是使用图1的龙头的说明性模制水道的顶部俯视图；
图2A是用于图2的模制水道的另外的说明性阀支架的详细的顶部俯视图；
图3是图2的模制水道的底部俯视图；
图4是沿着图2的线4-4的截面图；
图5是图2的模制水道的立体图；
图6是形成图2的模制水道的说明性方法的流程图；
图7是用于形成图2的水道的说明性底部模具部分的立体图；
图8是用于形成图2的水道的说明性上部模具部分的立体图；和
图9是在修整溢流部分之前的并且包括流体导向零件的说明性模制水道的截面图。
具体实施方式
这里所述的本发明的实施例不详尽，或者不限制本发明的所揭示的精确类型。而说明书所选的实施例能够使本领域的技术人员实施本发明。
首先参考图1，说明性实施例的龙头10显示为安装到水池平板12。龙头10通过常规的止动器(未显示)被流体地联接到热水和冷水的供应端16和18。热水和冷水流体传输元件，或者进水管20和22各自包括相反的近端和远端20a、22a和20b、22b。说明性地，管20和22是柔软的，从而远端20b、22b可以相对于各自的近端20a、22a而***作。流体联接器24和26被设置在远端20b和22b上，用于分别地连接热水和冷水供应端16和18。应该理解，进水管20和22可以通过联接器24和26被直接地联接到各自的热水和冷水止动器，或者，可替代地，被联接到热水和冷水冒口(risers)(未显示)的中间。
说明性地，管20和22由诸如石蜡或者聚乙烯的聚合物形成。在一个说明实施例中，管20和22由被交联以形成交联聚乙烯(PEX)的聚乙烯形成。但是，应该理解，也可以用其他的合适材料替代。
热水阀30流体地联接到热水进水管20，同时冷水阀32被流体地联接到冷水进水管22。联接器或者模制水道34包括将热水阀30流体地联接到外管38的第一或者热水内水道36。联接器34进一步包括将冷水阀32流体地联接到外管38的第二或者冷水内水道40。
热水阀30包括阀构件31，阀构件31能够在第一位置和第二位置之间运动，来自热水进水管20的水在所述第一位置上与内水管36流体连通，来自热水进水管20的水在所述第二位置上不与内水道36流体连通。图4的箭头39代表经过阀30的从进水管20到水道36，随后又进入出水管38的热水流。在一个说明性实施例中，热水阀30的阀构件31是可旋转的盘，其中，通过诸如柄42的热水用户输入物，可以调节盘31的旋转位置。柄42通常在龙头10的孔罩44的上方延伸并且可以沿图1的箭头45的方向上旋转。应该理解，柄42可以用诸如杆的其他的用户输入物替换。
类似地，冷水阀32包括阀构件33，阀构件33能够在第一位置和第二位置之间运动，来自冷水进水管22的水在所述第一位置上与内水道40流体连通，来自冷水进水管22的水在所述第二位置上不与内水道40流体连通。图4的箭头45代表经过阀32的从进水管22到水道40，随后又进入出水管38的热水流。在一个说明性实施例中，冷水阀32的阀构件33是可以由诸如柄46的冷水用户输入物可旋转地调节的可旋转的盘。柄46通常在龙头10的孔罩44的上方延伸并且在图1的箭头47的方向上可以旋转。如同柄42，柄46可以用诸如杆的其他的用户输入物替换。排出管口(delivery spout)48被支撑在罩口44的上方并且接收出水管38。附图说明了在阀30和32的后面支撑排出管口(delivery spout)48的基部的联接器34，而在另外的说明性实施例中联接器34可以指向从图1和2所示的旋转180度，使得排出管口48的基部被定位在阀30和32的前面。这种指向可以为龙头10的常规的排水杆(lift rod)(未显示)提供额外的空间。
在一个说明性实施例中，阀30和32可以是2008年6月20日提交的美国专利申请第61/132,664所公开的类型，其公开的内容通过引用而结合在这里。另外的示意性可旋转的阀在美国专利Nos.3,645,493；4,453,567；4,577,835；and 4,700,928中被公开。
参考图2-5，联接器34包括具有第一阀接口52并且围绕热水进水管20的近端20a外模成型的第一阀支架50，联接器34进一步包括具有第二阀接口54并且围绕冷水进水管22的近端22a外模成型的第二阀支架54。出水管接口58被定位在第一阀支架50和第二阀支架54的中间并且被构造成与进水管38流体连通。第一或者热水流连接器60限定流体地联接第一阀支架50和出水管接口58的内水道36。第二或者冷水流连接器62限定第二内水道40并且流体地联接第二阀支架54和出水管接口58。图2所示的出水管接口58定位在阀支架50和54的后面，而在另外的说明性实施例中，出水管接口58可以与阀支架50和54基本齐平或者被定位在阀支架50和54的前面。
如这里具体的说明，联接器34由可流动的材料形成，所述可流动的材料绕着进水管20和22的近端20a和22a外模成型，同时分别从阀30和32限定用于热水和冷水的内水道36和40。任何合适的材料都可被用于形成联接器34，而包括热塑性塑料和热固性材料的聚合物被用在本说明性实施例。更具体地，联接器34被说明性地模制成包括第一和第二阀支架50和54、限定内水道36和40的流体连接器60和62、和出水管接口58的单一整体构件。在这里的说明性实施例中，联接器34由聚合物形成，所述聚合物绕着进水管20和22外模成型并且随后被交联。应该注意，诸如玻璃纤维的加强构件可以被设置在联接器34的聚乙烯内。
管子上的外模成型的管道连接的基本原则在美国专利Nos 5,895,695；6,082,780；6,287,501；和6,902,210有所展示。美国专利申请Nos.2007/0271695和2007/0044852同样公开了关于出水管的说明性外模成型。
参考图2，4和5，第一和第二阀支架50、54的阀接口52和56每一个都包括绕着进水端口65延伸的向上突出的进水口壁64，和绕着出水端口67延伸的向上突出的出水口壁66。进水口和出水口壁64和66限定用于接收弹性密封圈70的沟(trench)68(图4和5)。密封圈70可以由弹性体形成并且提供各个阀30、32和阀支架50、54的之间的密封。图2所示的进水管20和22限定圆形截面，应该注意，阀支架50和54内的进水管20和22截面形状可以改变。例如，进水管20和22的近端20a和22a的截面可以为椭圆形或者D形以便在用于限定进水口壁44的增大的和/或者基本一致的厚度的模制操作期间便利材料的流动。参考图2A，进水端口65′被进水管22的近端22a限定，呈大致椭圆形，从而提供用于阀接口56′的大致连续和均匀的进水口壁64′。进水口壁64′的增大的厚度的部分可以为阀30和32提供额外的支撑并且密封阀接口52′和56′与阀30和32之间。
多个定位凹口71被说明性地形成为绕着阀支架50和54的外周并且被构成为分别地接收阀30和32的定位蝶片以便利在其之间定向。出水口管接口58包括用于接收O型环74的沉孔(counterbore)72，以在出水口管38的母联接器环或者套环75和接口58之间提供密封。
现在参考图6-8，用于形成本公开的水道组件的说明性方法包括使用具有将腔80限定在其之间的下模具部分76(图7)和上模具部分78的模具(图8)。如图6中的步骤100，热水进水管20的近端20a经过上模具部分78的开口82并且下模具部分76的第一心轴84定位在其内。类似地，冷水进水管22的近端22a经过上模具部分78的开口88延伸并且具有定位在其中的下模具部分的第二心轴90。心轴84和90合理地定位管20和22并且防止管20和22在模制过程中移动。心轴84和90还防止管20和22的壁在模制过程中损坏。销92被支撑在第一心轴84和第二心轴90间的模具的腔80内并且被构造用于限定出水管接口58。
在步骤102中，诸如聚乙烯的说明性聚合物的可流动材料被注入模具的腔80内。销92说明性地包括延伸经过的流体管道，该管道用于为气体辅助成型过程提供流体连通。更具体地，一旦可流动的材料在步骤104中开始冷却或者固化，诸如压缩空气的说明性气体的流体经过限定出水管接口58的销92被注入(步骤108)。同时或者立刻，阀(未显示)被打开，允许移动的聚合物离开最后部分的结构而进入溢出室94和96(步骤106)。压缩空气将塑料从该部分的静止熔铸的中心移动到溢出室94和96。在一说明性实施例中，流体导向零件93a、93b和95被模制在联接器34内，以防止湍流并且将空气从销92导入溢出室94和96。
溢出室94和96被设计使得结果的溢出构件97和98可能经由手动的或者自动的修整(步骤110)而被从最后部分的结构移走。溢出构件97和98的剩余部分将是限定与控制阀30和32的截面的模制构件的一部分，修整操作后的保留的部分是提供从控制阀30和32到出水管38的流体连通的水道或者联接器34。
在特定的说明性实施例中，管20、22和联接器34的聚乙烯被交联以在步骤112中形成交联的聚乙烯(PEX)。换句话说，管20和22、联接器34的聚乙烯(不被交联或者只被部分地交联)随着外模成型处理而被交联。假如任何一种合适交联的类型被应用形成管20、22和联接器34的PEX时，在一个说明性实施例中，聚乙烯通过被电磁辐射(gamma)或者高能量电子辐射(beta)轰击而被交联。在说明性实施例中，阀接口52、56和出水管接口58的表面上不需要后续的加工过程以分别地与密封垫70和O型密封环74接合。
管20、22和外模成型(overmold)的联接器34的精确组成不需要是任何一种特定的聚合物，通常地，存在一些能够应用在说明性实施例的实践中的准则。当然，认为用在外模成型处理中的精确的操作条件是已知的并且对于每一种模制聚合物是特定的。本领域的技术人员可以确定引起合适的外模成型的联接器34和管20、22的可用的条件。管20、22和联接器34可以是热塑性塑料或者热固塑料。说明性地，外模成型的联接器34的聚合物应该能够与管20和22的聚合物形成化学的或者物理的防漏结合。
用于各种结合以形成管20和22的聚合物以及用于外模成型处理的聚合物的说明性的且非限制的实例包括：聚缩醛树脂，典型地是甲醛单元的高结晶线性热塑性聚合物；聚丙烯酸树脂(甲基丙酸烯)，典型地属于酯、丙烯酸脂和异丁烯酸盐(酯)的两个族；包括以不同的次序与苯环结合的醚酮基和聚醚酮的聚芳醚酮；聚丙烯腈树脂，其中，其基本单体是丙烯腈；尼龙或者聚酰胺，包括尼龙-6、尼龙-6/6、尼龙-6/9、尼龙-6/10、尼龙-6/12、尼龙-11、尼龙-12的各种类型；由偏苯三酸酐和各种芳香二胺的缩合形成的聚酰胺-亚胺羧；来自芳香族二羧酸和联苯酚的芳香族聚酯的丙烯酸酯类聚合物；基于聚乙烯(1-丁烯)的聚丁烯；聚碳酸酯，尤其基于与碳酰氯反应的双酚A；聚对苯二甲酸烯烃酯，典型地在二醇和对苯二甲酸二甲酯之间的酯交换反应中形成；基于重复的芳香族酰亚胺和醚单元的聚醚酰亚胺；聚乙烯均聚物和共聚物，包括所有的分子重量和密度范围以及交联度；聚丙烯均聚物和共聚物；由乙烯与丙烯酸或者甲基丙烯酸或者它们对应的丙烯酸树脂的共聚合作用得到的乙烯酸共聚物；由乙烯和醋酸乙烯酯的共聚合作用得到的乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物；乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物；由芳香族二胺和芳香族二酐得到的聚酰亚胺；包括聚苯乙烯混合物的聚苯撑氧化物；聚苯硫醚；丙烯腈丁二炔苯乙烯三聚物；聚苯乙烯；苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物；苯乙烯-丁二炔共聚物热塑性嵌段共聚物；苯乙烯马来酐共聚物；聚芳砜；聚醚砜；聚砜；覆盖从30肖氏硬度A至75肖氏硬度D的硬度的热塑性弹性体，包括丁二炔嵌段共聚物，聚烯烃混合物(TPOS)，弹性体合金，热塑性聚亚胺酯(TPUS)，热塑性共聚多酯和热塑性聚酰胺；聚氯乙烯和氯化聚氯乙烯；聚偏二氯乙烯；基于一元酸和二元酸的烯丙醚的烯丙基热固性材料；主要基于二胺类和马来酐的缩合反应的双马来酰亚胺；含有环氧或者环氧乙烷基的环氧树脂，包括基于双酚A和环氧氯丙烷的环氧树脂以及基于从苯酚和甲醛或者芳族胺和氨基苯酚得到的多功能结构的环氧作用的环氧树脂；苯酚树脂；包括不饱和二元酸(尤其是马来酐)和乙醇醛的缩合产品的不饱和二元酸，其中，可以通过包括饱和二元酸而改变不饱和度；热固性聚酰亚胺；含有多个氨基甲酸键的聚亚安酯；和尿素和三聚氰胺甲醛树脂(典型地是通过含有氨基的多种混合物与甲醛的控制反应形成)。
以上聚合物的组件至少同时满足两个条件。首先，说明性地管20和22不***并且开始熔化流动到其失去结构整体性的地点，第二，外模成型的联接器34说明性能够形成基本防漏的接口和塑料管道，优选地，通过以下的塑料和外模成型的塑料之间的化学和/或者物理结合。根据说明性实施例，管20和22能够在外模成型的聚合物在熔体流动中的外模成型的条件下维持结构完整性。
虽然使用具有不同软化点的聚合组合物是获得以上目的的途径，但是仍然具有另外的选择，该选择包括使用具有相同的软化点的两种组合物，而它们具有不同的厚度。通过在模制操作期间对经历的时间、温度和压力条件的操控，管20、22不会经历熔体流动，即使它们具有相似的软化点或者范围。同样能够通过在聚合组合物中结合例如玻璃纤维、热稳定剂、抗氧化剂、可塑剂等的各种添加剂，而控制聚合物的软化温度。
在本发明的说明性实施例中，外模成型的联接器34的组成使得其至少能够与管20和22的组成熔接在一起，从而会使管20、22和外模成型的联接器34之间的接口的防漏特征最大化。存在可实现这个的一些方法。其中一个最简单的过程是确保管20、22的每一个的组分和外膜成型的联接器34的组分相同。换句话说，能够确保每个管20、22的聚合物组成的至少一部分和外模成型的联接器34的聚合物组成的至少一部分足够的相似或者一致，从而允许熔化融合(melt fusion)或者混合(blending)或者融合(alloying)发生在管20、22的外部和外模成型34的内部之间的接口区域中。另一方式表明管20、22和外模成型联接器34的聚合物组成的至少一部分易混合。
仍然在另外的说明性实施例中，橡胶/热塑性混合物的组成对于粘附用在管20和22的热塑性材料是有用的。这些混合物特别是包含在与热塑性塑料混合期间功能化和硬化的橡胶结的热塑性矩阵的类型。然后通过将硬化的橡胶/热塑性混合物外膜成型在热塑性管道上，可以获得组合物品。以这种方式，这两种材料之间的接口的附着力通常大于两种材料中的每一种的张力强度。
虽然参考特定实施例已具体说明了本发明，但是在以下所描述和定义的本发明的范围和主旨内存在变化和改变。

Claims (32)

1.一种与中套龙头一起使用的水道组件，其特征在于，该水道组件包括：
具有相反的近端和远端的第一软管；
具有相反的近端和远端的第二软管，所述第二软管的所述远端被定位在离开所述第一软管的所述近端的位置；和
联接器，所述联接器包括第一阀支架和第二阀支架，所述第一阀支架具有第一阀接口并且围绕所述第一软管的所述近端外模成型，所述第二阀支架具有第二阀接口并且围绕所述第二软管的所述近端外模成型，出水管接口被定位在所述第一阀支架和所述第二阀支架的中间，所述出水管接口被构造成与出水管流体连通，第一流体连接器在所述第一阀支架和所述出水管接口的中间流体联接，并且第二流体连接器在所述第二阀支架和所述出水管接口的中间流体联接；并且
所述第一阀支架、所述第二阀支架、所述出水管接口、所述第一流体连接器和所述第二流体连接器被一体地形成。
2.如权利要求1所述的水道组件，其特征在于，其中，所述第一软管和所述第二软管由聚合物形成。
3.如权利要求1所述的水道组件，其特征在于，其中，所述第一软管和所述第二软管由交联的聚乙烯形成。
4.如权利要求3所述的水道组件，其特征在于，其中，所述联接器由聚合物形成。
5.如权利要求4所述的水道组件，其特征在于，其中，所述联接器由交联的聚乙烯形成。
6.如权利要求1所述的水道组件，其特征在于，其中，所述第一阀接口和所述第二阀接口包括与阀组件配合的进水口和出水口。
7.如权利要求6所述的水道组件，其特征在于，其中，所述第一阀接口和所述第二阀接口包括用于与阀组件配合的定位零件。
8.如权利要求6所述的水道组件，其特征在于，其中，所述第一阀接口和所述第二阀接口包括限定用于接收密封圈的通道的向上突出壁。
9.如权利要求1所述的水道组件，其特征在于，其中，所述第一软管被构造成在大致竖直方向上从所述第一阀支架向下延伸，所述第二软管被构造成在大致竖直方向上从所述的第二阀支架向下延伸，所述第一流体连接器被构造成在大致水平方向上延伸，并且所述第二流体连接器被构造成在大致水平方向上延伸。
10.一种与中套龙头一起使用的水道组件，其特征在于，该水道组件包括：
具有相反的近端和远端的热水进水管；
具有相反的近端和远端的冷水进水管；和
联接器，所述联接器包括定位在热水进水管的近端和冷水进水管的近端的中间的出水口，所述联接器是所述热水进水管的近端和所述冷水进水管的近端的外模，所述外模包括热水流体连接器和冷水流体连接器，所述热水流体连接器包括将所述热水进水管流体地联接到所述出水口的内部水道，所述冷水流体连接器包括将所述冷水进水管流体地联接到所述出水口的内部水道；
所述联接器进一步包括第一阀支架和第二阀支架，所述第一阀支架包括第一阀接口并且围绕所述热水进水管的所述近端外模成型，所述第二阀支架包括第二阀接口并且围绕所述冷水进水管的所述近端外模成型；
所述第一阀支架、所述第二阀支架、所述出水口、所述热水流体连接器和所述冷水流体连接器被一体地形成。
11.如权利要求10所述的水道组件，其特征在于，其中，所述热水进水管和所述冷水进水管由柔韧性材料形成，使得所述热水进水管的所述远端可以相对于所述冷水进水管的所述远端而被调整。
12.如权利要求11所述的水道组件，其特征在于，其中，所述热水进水管和所述冷水进水管由聚合物形成。
13.如权利要求12所述的水道组件，其特征在于，其中，所述热水进水管和所述冷水进水管由交联的聚乙烯形成。
14.如权利要求13所述的水道组件，其特征在于，其中，所述第一阀接口和所述第二阀接口包括与阀组件配合的进水端口和出水端口。
15.如权利要求14所述的水道组件，其特征在于，其中，所述第一阀接口和所述第二阀接口包括用于与阀组件配合的定位零件。
16.如权利要求14所述的水道组件，其特征在于，其中，所述第一阀接口和所述第二阀接口包括限定用于接收密封圈的通道的向上突出壁。
17.如权利要求10所述的水道组件，其特征在于，其中，出水管包括构造成与出水管流体连通的接口。
18.如权利要求10所述的水道组件，其特征在于，其中，所述联接器由聚合物形成。
19.如权利要求18所述的水道组件，其特征在于，其中，所述联接器由交联的聚乙烯形成。
20.一种用于连接到热水供应口和冷水供应口的龙头，其特征在于，所述龙头包括：
具有相反的近端和远端的热水进水管，其远端被构造成被流体地联接到所述热水供应口；
具有相反的近端和远端的冷水进水管，其远端被构造成被流体地联接到所述冷水供应口；
联接器，所述联接器包括热水阀支架和冷水阀支架，所述热水阀支架包括热水阀接口并且围绕所述热水进水管的所述近端外模成型，所述冷水阀支架包括冷水阀接口并且围绕所述冷水进水管的所述近端外模成型，出水管接口被定位在所述热水阀支架和所述冷水阀支架的中间，热水流体连接器包括将所述热水进水管流体地联接到所述出水管接口的内部水道，并且冷水流体连接器包括将所述冷水进水管流体地联接到所述出水管接口的内部水道；
所述热水阀支架、所述冷水阀支架、所述出水管接口、所述热水流体连接器和所述冷水流体连接器一体地由聚合物注塑而成；
热水阀可打开地联接到所述热水阀支架，以控制经过所述热水流体连接器的内部水道的热水的流速；和
冷水阀可打开地联接到所述冷水阀支架，以控制经过所述冷水流体连接器的内部水道的冷水的流速。
21.如权利要求20所述的龙头，其特征在于，进一步包括排出管口和出水管，所述出水管被接收在排出管口内并且被构造成与所述联接器的所述出水管接口流体连通。
22.如权利要求20所述的龙头，其特征在于，其中，所述热水进水管和所述冷水进水管由聚合物形成。
23.如权利要求22所述的龙头，其特征在于，其中，所述热水进水管和所述冷水进水管由交联的聚乙烯形成。
24.如权利要求20所述的龙头，其特征在于，其中，所述联接器由聚合物形成。
25.如权利要求24所述的龙头，其特征在于，其中，所述联接器由交联的聚乙烯形成。
26.如权利要求24所述的龙头，其特征在于，其中，所述热水阀接口和所述冷水阀接口包括用于与所述热水阀和冷水阀配合的定位零件。
27.如权利要求26所述的龙头，其特征在于，其中，所述热水阀接口和所述冷水阀接口进一步包括限定用于接收密封圈的通道的向上突出壁。
28.一种形成用于龙头的水道的方法，其特征在于，该方法包括以下步骤：
提供具有腔的模具；
提供具有相反的近端和远端的第一管；
提供具有相反的近端和远端的第二管；
将所述第一管的所述近端放置在所述模具的所述腔内；
将第一心轴***所述第一管的所述近端内；
将所述第二管的所述近端放置在所述模具的所述腔内，并离开所述第一管的所述近端；
将第二心轴***所述第二管的所述近端内；
将销定位在所述第一心轴和所述第二心轴的中间的所述模具的所述腔内；
将可流动的材料注入所述模具的所述腔内；
将所述第一心轴和所述第二心轴抽出以形成第一和第二阀接口；和
抽出所述销以形成出口接口。
29.如权利要求28所述的方法，进一步包括步骤：将流体注入所述模具的所述腔内以形成所述水道内的内部通道。
30.如权利要求29所述的方法，其特征在于，进一步包括步骤：将可流动的材料推入形成在所述模具内的溢出室内。
31.如权利要求30所述的方法，其特征在于，进一步包括步骤：从所述水道对接收在所述溢出室内的溢出材料进行修整。
32.如权利要求29所述的方法，其特征在于，进一步包括步骤：在注入流体的步骤之前冷却可流动的材料。
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US9151397B2 (en) 2015-10-06
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CA2725410C (en) 2016-02-09
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