CN102007030A - 混合动力装置的控制*** - Google Patents

混合动力装置的控制*** Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102007030A
CN102007030A CN2009801136523A CN200980113652A CN102007030A CN 102007030 A CN102007030 A CN 102007030A CN 2009801136523 A CN2009801136523 A CN 2009801136523A CN 200980113652 A CN200980113652 A CN 200980113652A CN 102007030 A CN102007030 A CN 102007030A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
gear
speed
input shaft
output shaft
change
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Pending
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CN2009801136523A
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English (en)
Inventor
丹波俊夫
福原裕一
佐佐木环
佐藤宏
大村雅洋
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Aisin AI Co Ltd
Toyota Motor Corp
Aisin Corp
Original Assignee
Aisin Seiki Co Ltd
Aisin AI Co Ltd
Toyota Motor Corp
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Application filed by Aisin Seiki Co Ltd, Aisin AI Co Ltd, Toyota Motor Corp filed Critical Aisin Seiki Co Ltd
Publication of CN102007030A publication Critical patent/CN102007030A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/40—Controlling the engagement or disengagement of prime movers, e.g. for transition between prime movers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/02—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of driveline clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/08—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/10—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of change-speed gearings
    • B60W10/11—Stepped gearings
    • B60W10/113—Stepped gearings with two input flow paths, e.g. double clutch transmission selection of one of the torque flow paths by the corresponding input clutch
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
    • B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
    • B60W30/192—Mitigating problems related to power-up or power-down of the driveline, e.g. start-up of a cold engine
    • B60W30/194—Mitigating problems related to power-up or power-down of the driveline, e.g. start-up of a cold engine related to low temperature conditions, e.g. high viscosity of hydraulic fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D29/00—Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto
    • F02D29/02—Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto peculiar to engines driving vehicles; peculiar to engines driving variable pitch propellers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0412—Cooling or heating; Control of temperature
    • F16H57/0413—Controlled cooling or heating of lubricant; Temperature control therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H59/00—Control inputs to control units of change-speed-, or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H59/68—Inputs being a function of gearing status
    • F16H59/72—Inputs being a function of gearing status dependent on oil characteristics, e.g. temperature, viscosity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/48—Drive Train control parameters related to transmissions
    • B60L2240/485—Temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
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    • B60L2240/486—Operating parameters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2510/10—Change speed gearings
    • B60W2510/105—Output torque
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
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    • B60W2510/107—Temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
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    • B60Y2400/428—Double clutch arrangements; Dual clutches
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H3/087—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
    • F16H3/093—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears with two or more countershafts
    • F16H2003/0931—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears with two or more countershafts each countershaft having an output gear meshing with a single common gear on the output shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/02—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used
    • F16H61/0202—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used the signals being electric
    • F16H61/0204—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used the signals being electric for gearshift control, e.g. control functions for performing shifting or generation of shift signal
    • F16H61/0213—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used the signals being electric for gearshift control, e.g. control functions for performing shifting or generation of shift signal characterised by the method for generating shift signals
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H3/087—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
    • F16H3/089—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears all of the meshing gears being supported by a pair of parallel shafts, one being the input shaft and the other the output shaft, there being no countershaft involved
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    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Control Of Transmission Device (AREA)
  • Arrangement Of Transmissions (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)

Abstract

在具有经由第1摩擦离合器传递发动机的驱动力的第1输入轴和经由第2摩擦离合器传递该发动机的驱动力的第2输入轴、分别安装在所述第1输入轴和第2输入轴上的第1齿轮变速机构和第2齿轮变速机构、和与所述两个齿轮变速机构的各输出轴连接的最终输出轴、并且所述第1输入轴或第2输入轴与马达发电机连接的混合动力装置中，当收容在变速箱内的润滑油的检测温度低于规定的下限值时，选择齿轮列的变速档，以利用所述第1齿轮变速机构或第2齿轮变速机构，向所述最终输出轴传递比要求扭矩更大的扭矩，在这种状态下，使所述马达发电机作为电动机工作，然后使所述第1摩擦离合器或第2摩擦离合器结合，经由利用所述第2齿轮变速机构或第1齿轮变速机构选择的变速档的齿轮列，向所述最终输出轴传递所述发动机的驱动力。

Description

混合动力装置的控制***
技术领域
本发明涉及一种车辆用混合动力装置，尤其是涉及一种在适合于双离合器式车辆用变速器的混合动力装置中、当收容在变速箱内的润滑油处于低温时迅速提高该润滑油的温度的控制***。
背景技术
在日本专利特开2005-186931号公报中，公开了采用这种双离合器的混合动力装置。该混合动力装置具有同轴配置且能相对旋转并经由双离合器有选择地传递发动机的驱动力的第1输入轴和第2输入轴，分别安装在与这2根输入轴平行配置的第1输出轴和第2输出轴上的第1齿轮变速机构和第2齿轮变速机构，以及与第2输出轴连接、当供给电力后作为电动机驱动与上述第1输出轴或第2输出轴连接的驱动车轮、反过来当由该驱动车轮进行驱动时作为发电机向电池充电的马达发电机。
专利文献1：日本专利特开2005-186931号公报
在搭载有采用上述混合动力装置的变速器的车辆中，在经过长时间停车后进行起动时，收容在该变速箱内的润滑油的温度低，粘性高，因此润滑油的搅拌阻力增大，从而产生动力损失，增加了燃料消费率。
发明内容
本发明的目的是增加该变速器的齿轮变速机构中相互啮合的变速齿轮的齿面之间产生的力，利用该摩擦热迅速提高收容在变速箱内的低温润滑油的温度，降低由于润滑油的粘性导致的动力损失。
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供一种混合动力装置的控制***，其包括具有在其内部对经由第1摩擦离合器传递发动机的驱动力的第1输入轴和经由第2摩擦离合器传递该发动机的驱动力的第2输入轴进行轴支撑的变速箱、分别安装在所述第1输入轴和第2输入轴上的第1齿轮变速机构和第2齿轮变速机构、和与所述两个齿轮变速机构的各输出轴连接的最终输出轴的混合动力装置，所述第1输入轴或第2输入轴与马达发电机连接，所述最终输出轴与从动装置连接，其特征在于所述混合动力装置的控制***还包括检测收容在所述变速箱内的润滑油的温度的温度传感器，以及控制装置，该控制装置在所述润滑油的检测温度低于规定的下限值时，选择齿轮列的变速档，以利用在与所述马达发电机连接的所述输入轴上安装的第1齿轮变速机构或第2齿轮变速机构，向所述最终输出轴传递比驱动所述从动装置所需的要求扭矩更大的扭矩，并在选择了该变速档的状态下，使所述马达发电机作为电动机工作，然后使所述第1摩擦离合器或第2摩擦离合器结合，经由利用所述第2齿轮变速机构或第1齿轮变速机构选择的变速档的齿轮列，向所述最终输出轴传递所述发动机的驱动力。
根据本发明的一个实施形态，提供了一种混合动力装置的控制***，其包括具有在其内部对经由第1摩擦离合器传递发动机的驱动力的第1输入轴和经由第2摩擦离合器传递该发动机的驱动力的第2输入轴进行轴支撑的变速箱、分别安装在所述第1输入轴和第2输入轴上的第1齿轮变速机构和第2齿轮变速机构、和与所述两个齿轮变速机构的各输出轴连接的最终输出轴的混合动力装置，所述第1输入轴或第2输入轴与马达发电机连接，所述最终输出轴与从动装置连接，其特征在于所述混合动力装置的控制***还包括检测收容在所述变速箱内的润滑油的温度的温度传感器，以及控制装置，该控制装置在所述润滑油的检测温度低于规定的下限值时，选择齿轮列的变速档，以利用所述第1齿轮变速机构，向所述最终输出轴传递比驱动所述从动装置所需的要求扭矩更大的扭矩，并在选择了该变速档的状态下，使所述马达发电机作为电动机工作，然后使所述第2摩擦离合器结合，经由利用所述第2齿轮变速机构选择的变速档的齿轮列，向所述最终输出轴传递所述发动机的驱动力。
此外，根据本发明的另一实施形态，提供了一种混合动力装置的控制***，其包括具有在其内部对经由第1摩擦离合器传递发动机的驱动力的第1输入轴和经由第2摩擦离合器传递该发动机的驱动力的第2输入轴进行轴支撑的变速箱、安装在所述第1输入轴上的奇数档的第1齿轮变速机构、安装在所述第2输入轴上的偶数档的第2齿轮变速机构、和与所述两个齿轮变速机构的各输出轴连接的最终输出轴的混合动力装置，所述第1输入轴或第2输入轴与马达发电机连接，所述最终输出轴与从动装置连接，其特征在于所述混合动力装置的控制***还包括检测收容在所述变速箱内的润滑油的温度的温度传感器，以及控制装置，该控制装置在所述润滑油的检测温度低于规定的下限值时，选择齿轮列的变速档，以利用所述第1齿轮变速机构，向所述最终输出轴传递比驱动所述从动装置所需的要求扭矩更大的扭矩，并在选择了该变速档的状态下，使所述马达发电机作为电动机工作，然后使所述第2摩擦离合器结合，经由利用所述第2齿轮变速机构选择的变速档的齿轮列，向所述最终输出轴传递所述发动机的驱动力。
发明效果
利用上述结构的混合动力装置的控制***，当收容在变速箱内的润滑油的温度低于规定的下限值时，在利用第1齿轮变速机构和第2齿轮变速机构将大于从动装置侧所需的要求扭矩的输出扭矩施加到最终输出轴的范围内，选择最高速侧的变速档，根据要求扭矩而选择的变速齿轮对的从动齿轮可以使用尽可能小的直径，因此增大了在各变速齿轮对的相互啮合的齿面之间产生的摩擦热。因此，可以迅速提高收容在变速箱H内的低温润滑油的温度，降低由于润滑油的搅拌阻力导致的动力损失，抑制燃料消费率的增加。
附图说明
图1是概略表示适用本发明的控制***的混合动力装置的实施形态的框图。
图2是表示利用图1所示的控制装置执行的控制程序的流程图。
图3是表示当图1所示的变速箱内的润滑油小于规定的下限值时、施加到最终输出轴的驱动扭矩的传递路径的框图。
图4是表示图1所示的实施形态中通过通常控制而施加到最终输出轴的驱动扭矩的传递路径的框图。
图5是表示图1所示的实施形态中通过通常控制而施加到最终输出轴的驱动扭矩的其它的传递路径的框图。
图6是概略表示适用本发明的控制***的混合动力装置的其它实施形态的框图。
具体实施方式
以下，参照图1-图4，说明本发明的混合动力装置的第1实施形态。在该第1实施形态中，本发明的混合动力装置的控制***适用于图1所示的前进6档、后退1档的自动变速器TM。
该自动变速器TM为双离合器式，在变速箱H内，相互平行配置、受到支撑并能自由旋转的第1输入轴13a和第2输入轴13b分别经由第1摩擦离合器C1和第2摩擦离合器C2，与发动机10的输出轴10a连接。第1摩擦离合器C1的输入部件与从动齿轮11b的支撑轴11d结合，与发动机10的输出轴10a一体化旋转的驱动齿轮11a与该从动齿轮11b啮合。同样，第2摩擦离合器C2的输入部件与从动齿轮11c的支撑轴11e结合，与发动机10的输出轴10a一体化旋转的驱动齿轮11a与该从动齿轮11c啮合。分别与第1输入轴13a和第2输入轴13b平行配置的第1输出轴14a和第2输出轴14b经由与设置在最终输出轴14c上的从动齿轮14f啮合的驱动齿轮14d和14e，与该最终输出轴14c连接。最终输出轴14c经由驱动小齿轮16a、齿圈16b、差动齿轮17和半轴18，与驱动车轮19连接。
构成双离合器12的第1和第2摩擦离合器C1、C2在正常的动作状态下，利用后述的控制装置20进行控制，使得当变速档切换中途处于半离合状态，一方的传递扭矩和另一方的传递扭矩相互朝相反方向进行增减，当变速档切换结束后，一方的摩擦离合器处于完全结合状态，其传递扭矩达到规定的最大值，而另一方的摩擦离合器则处于完全解除状态，其传递扭矩变为0。
在第1输入轴13a与第1输出轴14a之间，设置有具有齿轮切换机构M的第1齿轮变速机构SM1。在第2输入轴13b与第2输出轴14b之间，设置有具有齿轮切换机构M的第2齿轮变速机构SM2。第1齿轮变速机构SM1具有第1速档、第3速档和第5速档(奇数档)的各变速齿轮对G1、G3、G5以及后退档的后退齿轮列GB。这些变速齿轮对G1、G3、G5以及后退齿轮列GB的各驱动齿轮分别固定在第1输入轴13a上，各从动齿轮被第1输出轴14a支撑并能自由旋转。在第1变速齿轮对G1与第3变速齿轮对G3的各从动齿轮之间，设置了有选择地将这些从动齿轮分别与第1输出轴14a进行连接的第1切换离合器D1，而在第5变速齿轮对G5与后退齿轮列GB的各从动齿轮之间，设置了有选择地将这些从动齿轮分别与第1输出轴14a进行连接的第3切换离合器D3。在后退齿轮列GB的驱动齿轮与从动齿轮之间，设置有空转齿轮。
第2齿轮变速机构SM2具有第2速档、第4速档和第6速档(偶数档)的各变速齿轮对G2、G4、G6。这些变速齿轮对G2、G4、G6的各驱动齿轮分别固定在第2输入轴13b上，各从动齿轮被第2输出轴14b支撑并能够自由旋转。在第2变速齿轮对G2与第4变速齿轮对G4的各从动齿轮之间，设置了有选择地将这些从动齿轮分别与第2输出轴14b进行连接的第2切换离合器D2，而在第6变速齿轮对G6的从动齿轮的一侧，设置了有选择地将其与第2输出轴14b进行连接的第4切换离合器D4。
各切换离合器D1-D4由众所周知的同步式机构组成，具有分别固定到第1输出轴14a和第2输出轴14b上的离合毂L、和在其外周通过花键结合的套筒(操作部件)M。各套筒M经由换档拨叉F1-F4，通过自动或手动的方式，沿轴线方向往复运动，与固定在两侧(或单侧)的从动齿轮上的结合部件N结合，从而有选择地将各从动齿轮连接到离合毂L。
在对该第1实施形态的混合动力装置的动作进行控制的控制装置20中，连接有在变速器TM的箱体H内的下部设置的检测润滑油的温度的温度传感器21、和安装在最终输出轴14c上的扭矩传感器22。扭矩传感器22用于检测对驱动车轮19进行驱动以使该车辆行驶所需的要求扭矩。
与第1输入轴13a连接的马达发电机15在控制装置20的控制下动作，以在低速行驶时或在发动机10的输出没有余力的状态下，从电池(图中未表示)获得电力，作为电动机来工作，与发动机10协同对驱动车轮19进行驱动。此外，该马达发电机15能够在受到来自驱动车轮19侧的发动机10的驱动的状态下，或在发动机10的输出有余力的状态下，受到第1输入轴13a的驱动，作为发电机来工作，以对电池进行充电。另外，在该实施形态中，上述马达发电机15与第1输入轴13a的一端连接，但作为代替，也可以与第2输入轴13b连接。
在该实施形态的控制装置20的存储器(ROM)中，利用计算公式或特性映射关系的方式，分别存储有两种旋转速度-扭矩特性：其中一种旋转速度-扭矩特性表示的是当对马达发电机15施加最大电流、使该马达发电机作为电动机工作时，对根据由第1齿轮变速机构选择的变速档(第1速、第3速或第5速)的变速比而传递到最终输出轴14c的输出扭矩进行测量时得到的测量结果(下面，称为马达变换输出特性)。而另一种旋转速度-扭矩特性表示的是通过发动机10的动作，对根据由第2齿轮变速机构SM2选择的变速档(第2速、第4速或第6速)的变速比而传递到最终输出轴14c的输出扭矩进行测量时得到的测量结果(下面，称为发动机变换输出特性)。此时，作为电动机工作的马达发电机15的输出扭矩在低速区域较大，并随着旋转速度的增加而减少，而另一方面，发动机10的输出扭矩在中速区域较大，而在低速区域和高速区域均减少。
下面，参照图2所示的控制程序和图3-图5所示的动作模式，说明适用上述混合动力装置的车辆用变速器的动作。
控制装置20在接通电源后，开始进行图2的控制程序的处理。在步骤100，读取温度传感器21的检测信号，检测变速箱H内的润滑油的温度S。与此同时，读取扭矩传感器22的检测信号，检测从驱动车轮19施加到最终输出轴14c的要求扭矩。在发动机10停止的状态下，随着时间的过去，润滑油的温度降低，其粘度增高，此时由温度传感器21所检测出的润滑油的温度S低于下限值S0。此处，润滑油的温度的下限值S0是考虑到由于润滑油的温度降低而导致的粘性阻力增大时所确定的规定值。随后，在步骤101，控制装置20将在步骤100检测到的润滑油的温度S与规定的下限值S0进行比较，当润滑油的温度S低于下限值S0时，在步骤101判定为“否”，控制程序继续到步骤102，执行使第1摩擦离合器C1结合、同时使马达发电机15作为电动机工作的处理，通过第1输入轴13a的旋转使发动机10起动，并在该发动机10起动后，解除第1摩擦离合器C1的结合。在该状态下，为了向最终输出轴14c传递对驱动车轮19进行驱动以发动该车辆所需的要求扭矩，控制装置20使第3切换离合器D3结合，利用第1齿轮变速机构SM1完成第5变速齿轮对G5的齿轮列，同时使马达发电机15作为电动机工作。由此，驱动车轮19根据由第1齿轮变速机构SM1选择的第5变速齿轮对G5的变速比，受到从马达发电机15传递来的驱动扭矩的驱动，使该车辆进行行驶。
车辆开始行驶后，通过踩下油门，车速增大。当利用扭矩传感器22检测到的来自驱动车轮19的要求扭矩大于从马达发电机15根据第5变速齿轮对G5的变速比施加到最终输出轴14c的驱动扭矩时，控制装置20根据存储在其存储器中的马达发电机15的马达变换输出特性，将第1齿轮变速机构SM1的变速档从第5速切换到第3速，从而增大了传递到最终输出轴14c的扭矩。当为了提高车速而继续踩下油门时，由扭矩传感器22检测到的来自驱动车轮19的要求扭矩增加。此时，控制装置20使第2切换离合器D2结合，以完成作为第2齿轮变速机构SM2的最低变速档的第2变速齿轮对G2的齿轮列，同时使第2摩擦离合器C2结合。由此，经由第2摩擦离合器C2传递的发动机10的驱动扭矩，以第2变速齿轮对G2的变速比传递到最终输出轴14c。在该状态下，如图3的虚线和实线所示，从作为电动机工作的马达发电机15以第3变速齿轮对G5的变速比传递到最终输出轴14c上的驱动扭矩、与经由第2摩擦离合器C2以第2变速齿轮对G2的变速比传递到最终输出轴14c上的发动机10的驱动扭矩一起，对驱动车轮19进行驱动。在这种动作状态下，当通过踩下油门而提高车辆的行驶速度时，控制装置20响应于扭矩传感器22的检测信号，根据在其存储器中存储的各变速档的马达变换输出特性和发动机变换输出特性，利用第1齿轮变速机构SM1和第2齿轮变速机构SM2，选择用于将扭矩传感器22所检测到的驱动车轮19的要求扭矩施加到最终输出轴14c的最佳变速档。
如上所述，在发动车辆时，当由温度传感器21检测到的变速箱H内的润滑油的温度S低于规定的下限值S0时，利用从作为电动机工作的马达发电机15以第3变速齿轮对G5的变速比传递到最终输出轴14c的驱动扭矩，对驱动车轮19进行驱动，以发动车辆。当该车辆的速度变为低速时，发动机10的驱动扭矩经由第2摩擦离合器C2，以第2变速齿轮对G2的变速比传递到最终输出轴14c，对驱动车轮19进行驱动。此处，第1齿轮变速机构SM1和第2齿轮变速机构SM2的各变速档在将大于要求扭矩的输出扭矩施加到最终输出轴14c的范围内，选择最高速侧的变速档，根据要求扭矩而选择的变速齿轮对的从动齿轮可以是尽可能小的直径，因此增大了在各变速齿轮对的相互啮合的齿面之间产生的摩擦热。因此，可以迅速提高收容在变速箱H内的低温润滑油的温度，降低由于润滑油的搅拌阻力而产生的动力损失，抑制燃料消费率的增加。
在上述的第1齿轮变速机构SM1和第2齿轮变速机构SM2的各变速档的切换控制中，控制装置20根据在其存储器中存储的马达变换输出特性和发动机变换输出特性，利用各齿轮变速机构，选择用于将扭矩传感器22所检测到的驱动车轮19的要求扭矩施加到最终输出轴14c的最佳变速档。但也可以相对于第1齿轮变速机构SM1和第2齿轮变速机构SM2的各变速档，将包括马达变换输出特性和发动机变换输出特性的变换输出和特性存储在控制装置20的存储器中，并根据上述存储的变换输出和特性，选择用于将扭矩传感器22所检测到的驱动车轮19的要求扭矩施加到最终输出轴14c的最佳变速档。另外，在该实施形态中，利用安装在最终输出轴14c上的扭矩传感器22，检测根据行驶速度对驱动车轮19进行驱动所需的要求扭矩。由于在占行驶状态的大部分的平坦道路上的行驶中，可以大致唯一地确定上述要求扭矩，因此也可以检测该车辆的行驶速度，并根据该检测值，利用计算求得应该施加到最终输出轴14c的要求扭矩。
在图2的控制程序的处理中，当由温度传感器21检测到的润滑油的温度S高于下限值S0时，控制装置20在步骤101判定为“是”，控制程序继续到步骤103的控制程序。在步骤103的处理中，为了利用第1齿轮变速机构SM1完成第1变速齿轮对G1的齿轮列，向右移动第1切换离合器D1的套筒M以进行结合，同时使马达发电机15作为电动机工作。由此，利用从马达发电机15以由第1齿轮变速机构SM1选择的第1变速齿轮对G1的变速比传递来的驱动扭矩，对驱动车轮19进行驱动，使该车辆进行行驶。当通过踩下油门使马达发电机15的转速提高，输入到第1输入轴13a的输入扭矩增加，车辆速度到达适合以第3速档行驶的状态时，控制装置20暂时停止对马达发电机15供电，向左移动第1齿轮变速机构SM1的第1切换离合器D1的套筒M，从第1变速齿轮对G1切换到第3变速齿轮对G3，然后再次使马达发电机15作为电动机工作。之后，如果随着车速的增加，到达适合以第5速档行驶的状态时，控制装置20暂时停止对马达发电机15供电，将第1齿轮变速机构SM1的第1切换离合器D1恢复到中立位置。然后向左移动第3切换离合器D3的套筒M，从第3变速齿轮对G1切换到第5变速齿轮对G5，然后再次使马达发电机15作为电动机工作，使车辆进行行驶。
利用作为电动机工作的马达发电机15的驱动力增大车速后，控制装置20执行使第1摩擦离合器C1结合、同时使马达发电机15作为电动机工作的处理，利用第1输入轴13a的旋转使发动机10起动，然后停止对马达发电机15供电。由此，变为经由第1摩擦离合器C1向第1输入轴传递发动机10的驱动力的状态。然后，控制装置20向右移动第1齿轮变速机构SM1的第1切换离合器D1的套筒，使第1变速齿轮对G1结合，与此同时，使第1摩擦离合器C1结合。这样，发动机10的驱动扭矩经由第1摩擦离合器C1传递到第1输入轴13a，以第1变速齿轮对G1的变速比传递到最终输出轴14c，对驱动车轮19进行驱动。
当通过踩下油门，车速到达适合以第2速档行驶的状态时，控制装置20向右移动第2齿轮变速机构SM2的第2切换离合器D2的套筒，使第2变速齿轮对G2结合，然后使第2摩擦离合器C2结合。接着，将第1齿轮变速机构SM1的第1切换离合器D1的套筒恢复到中立位置。由此，发动机10的驱动扭矩以第2变速齿轮对G2的变速比传递到最终输出轴14c(参照图5的实线箭头)。接下来，控制装置20根据车辆的行驶状态，有选择地使第1齿轮变速机构SM1和第2齿轮变速机构SM2的各变速齿轮对进行结合，同时使第1摩擦离合器C1和第2摩擦离合器C2交互结合，从而使车辆进行行驶。
另外，以与上述步骤相反的顺序控制变速的减档操作。此外，在后退时，在车辆处于停止的状态下，控制装置20进行控制，使第3切换离合器D3的套筒向左移动，形成后退齿轮列的后退档。当通过踩下油门增大发动机10的旋转速度时，逐渐使第1摩擦离合器C1结合。由此，发动机10的驱动扭矩经由后退齿轮列，传递到最终输出轴14c，车辆进行后退。
在上述实施形态中，说明了在图1所示的变速器TM中适用本发明的混合动力装置的控制***的例子，但也可以在图6所示的双离合器式自动变速器中适用本发明的混合动力装置的控制***。在该自动变速器中，由发动机10经由构成双离合器12的第1和第2摩擦离合器C1、C2进行驱动的第1和第2输入轴13a、13b为相互同轴配置的二重轴，图1所示的自动变速器TM中的通过输出齿轮14d、14e、14f连接的3根输出轴14a、14b、14c和齿轮14d-14f统一为1根输出轴14。另外，第1和第2输入轴13a、13b通过将双离合器12的离合器盖12a连接在发动机10的输出轴10a上，通过发动机10的驱动旋转，转速传感器21安装在输出轴14上。输出轴14经由最终减速齿轮16c、16d、差动齿轮17和半轴18，与驱动车轮19连接。在从第2输入轴13b突出的第1输入轴13a的后半部与输出轴14之间，设置有第1齿轮变速机构SM1，在第2输入轴13b与输出轴14之间，设置有第2齿轮变速机构SM2。这两个齿轮变速机构SM1、SM2与图1所示的齿轮变速机构SM1、SM2实质上为同一结构。马达发电机15通过将固定在其输出输入轴15a上的齿轮15b与第6变速齿轮对G6的驱动齿轮啮合，与第2输入轴13b连接。
该自动变速器的功能与图1所示的自动变速器的功能相同，上述控制装置20通过执行图2所示的控制程序，当由温度传感器21检测到的润滑油的温度S低于下限值S0时，控制装置20根据在其存储器中存储的马达发电机15的马达变换输出特性和发动机10的发动机变换输出特性，选择第1齿轮变速机构SM1和第2齿轮变速机构SM2的各变速档。由此，将充分大于由扭矩传感器22检测到的驱动车轮19侧的要求扭矩的输出扭矩、即作为电动机工作的马达发电机15的驱动扭矩和发动机10的驱动扭矩，施加到最终输出轴14，以对驱动车轮19进行驱动。
符号说明
10  发动机
12  双离合器
13a 第1输入轴
13b 第2输入轴
14，14a，14b  输出轴(第1输出轴，第2输出轴)
15  马达发电机
19  驱动车轮
20  控制装置
21  温度传感器
22  扭矩传感器
C1  第1摩擦离合器
C2  第2摩擦离合器
SM1 第1齿轮变速机构
SM2 第2齿轮变速机构

Claims (1)

1.一种混合动力装置的控制***，包括：
混合动力装置，其具有在其内部对经由第1摩擦离合器传递发动机的驱动力的第1输入轴和经由第2摩擦离合器传递该发动机的驱动力的第2输入轴进行轴支撑的变速箱、分别安装在所述第1输入轴和第2输入轴上的第1齿轮变速机构和第2齿轮变速机构、和与所述两个齿轮变速机构的各输出轴连接的最终输出轴，所述第1输入轴或第2输入轴与马达发电机连接，所述最终输出轴与从动装置连接；
温度传感器，其检测收容在所述变速箱内的润滑油的温度；以及
控制装置，其在所述润滑油的检测温度低于规定的下限值时，选择齿轮列的变速档，以利用在与所述马达发电机连接的所述输入轴上安装的第1齿轮变速机构或第2齿轮变速机构，向所述最终输出轴传递比驱动所述从动装置所需的要求扭矩更大的扭矩，并在选择了该变速档的状态下，使所述马达发电机作为电动机工作，然后使所述第1摩擦离合器或第2摩擦离合器结合，经由利用所述第2齿轮变速机构或第1齿轮变速机构选择的变速档的齿轮列，向所述最终输出轴传递所述发动机的驱动力。
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