CN101982092B - Active expanded feed special for natural bighead silver carps and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an active expanded feed special for natural bighead silver carps and a preparation method thereof. The feed comprises 60-95wt% of expanded materials and 5-40% of activated materials. The method is characterized by firstly fermenting and expanding the expanded materials, spraying the well mixed activated materials on the surfaces of the expanded materials uniformly when the temperature of the expanded materials is 65-75 DEG C and drying the expanded materials at the temperature below 40 DEG C, thus obtaining the active expanded feed. The feed can not only well suspend on the water but also preserve the intact active ingredients, and the excrement defecated by the bighead silver carps after eating the feed can be eaten by the fishes on the lower layer, thus greatly reducing water pollution, effectively improving the water environment and ensuring the aquaculture industry to sustain sound development.

Description

Active expanded feed special for natural bighead silver carps and preparation method thereof

(i) technical field: the present invention relates to a kind of feed, specifically the pure natural silver carp

Special active expanded pellet diet and preparation method thereof.

(ii) background technology: current used fish meal mainly is divided into two classes, and a class is pellet, and mainly, by corn, soya-bean cake, dish cake wheat bran and rice bran, electrolytes and minerals etc. are made the particle that particle diameter is 2.5-3.5mm after being pulverized and mixed; Another kind of is expanded pellet diet, is that above-mentioned raw materials is pulverized and mixed by bulking machine and carries out expanded making; But there is following problem in this two classes feed in the feeding process: 1. pellet is heavier, easily is sunken to the bottom, fish has eaten how much be difficult to observation on earth, or the deficiency of food, or total eclipse is not complete causes waste, and stay polluted-water in pond, fish diseases is taken place frequently, affect its Quality and yield; 2. the good suspension surface of expanded pellet diet, solved the deficiency of pellet, but the high temperature while making because of expanded pellet diet, therefore destroy very large to the vitamin in raw material, folic acid, enzyme preparation and some active components, the water-solubility protein that some easily are absorbed and utilize, all gone in the high temperature puffing process, and the crude fibre raw material availability is low.3. common expanded pellet diet, because prepared by high temperature, is only deposited a small amount of active bacterium in feed, is with hardly useful active bacterium in the ight soil of discharge, can not form the food chain of lower floor fish, and water body is polluted.

(iii) summary of the invention: purpose of the present invention just is to provide fat special active expanded pellet diet of a kind of natural silver carp, and this feed can well be suspended in the water surface, again can complete preservation active component, and the ight soil of discharging after the fat head of silver carp is edible can supply lower floor again

Fish are edible, greatly reduce water pollution, effectively improve water body environment, make culture fishery energy sustainable and healthy development.

The present invention also provides the preparation method of this feed.

The present invention is comprised of the puffing material of 60%-95% percentage by weight and the activated material of 5%-40% percentage by weight, and wherein the puffing material weight percent consists of:

Lignin fungi 0.5-1.0%

Cellulose-decomposing bacterium 1.5-1.0%

Molasses 0.5-2.0%

Corn 20-30%

Soya-bean cake 10-20%

Dish cake 5-10%

Inferior powder 10-20%

Wheat bran and rice bran 7-10%

Pine needle meal 5-10%

Mineral matter 2-5%

The carapace powder 10-15% of one or more combinations in silkworm, worm, maggot, crab

Water adds to 100%;

Wherein the weight percent of activated material consists of:

Bifidobacterium 5-10%

Acetic acid bacteria 5-10%

B B-complex 0.5-5%

Poly ureaformaldehyde 0.2-0.3%

Nisin 0.2-0.3%

Potassium sorbate 0.2-0.3%

EM bacterium 5-10%

Photosynthetic bacteria 5-10%

The slurries 40-60% of one or more combinations in yellow meal worm, silkworm, fly

Water adds to 100%.

Preparation method of the present invention is as follows:

A, puffing material fermentation

The first step, by measuring lignin fungi, cellulose-decomposing bacterium, molasses, dissolve in suitable quantity of water, stirs and make bacterium liquid;

Second step, by corn, soya-bean cake, the dish cake, inferior powder, wheat bran and rice bran, pine needle meal, mineral matter, the carapace powder of one or more combinations in silkworm, worm, maggot, crab is crushed to the 120-200 order, mixes to obtain compound;

The 3rd step, mix above-mentioned bacterium liquid and compound thoroughly rear sealing accumulation, and 5-7 days at normal temperatures ferments;

Carry out expandedly after B, fermentation, obtain puffing material;

C, by Bifidobacterium, acetic acid bacteria, vitamin, the poly ureaformaldehyde, nisin, potassium sorbate, the EM bacterium, photosynthetic bacteria, make activated material after the slurries of one or more combinations in yellow meal worm, silkworm, fly and suitable quantity of water mix;

D, treat that above-mentioned puffing material temperature to 65-75 ℃, evenly is sprayed at the puffing material surface by above-mentioned activated material, in being drying to obtain below 40 ℃.

The lignin fungi used in above-mentioned puffing material, its Main Function of cellulose-decomposing bacterium is that the crude fibre and the lignin that make the feed Mesichthyes be difficult for absorbing are decomposed into polysaccharide and monose, overcome fish sugar is utilized to the not foot phenomenon that ability is lower, can improve the utilization rate of feed.

The corn added, the dregs of beans cake, brans etc. are the base protein nutrients for maintaining the fish vital movement and growing and provide.The carapace powder of one or more in the silkworm of adding, worm, maggot, crab and mineral matter Main Function are to form the fish bone, the important component of the sclerous tissues such as shell and scale, these natural mineral matters be combined together the formation that both can guarantee the bone in the fish normal growth, can make its nervous system again, metabolic system, the normal operation of soft tissue system and growth.

The poly ureaformaldehyde added in above-mentioned activated material, nisin, the major function of potassium sorbate act as 1. bonding 2. anticorrosive mildewproof and becomes, and extends the feed shelf-life.

Described mineral matter is generally by pulverized limestone, precipitated calcium carbonate, rock phosphate in powder, bone meal, and calcium dihydrogen phosphate, ferrous sulfate, copper sulphate, the hybrid combining of zinc sulfate equal portions form.

The EM bacterium added, photosynthetic bacteria, the slurries effect of one or more combinations in yellow meal worm, silkworm, fly is as follows:

A, provide a large amount of required protein of fish, amino acid, fat;

B, can make various beneficial organism coexistence and co-prosperities, and the fecal microorganism after the metabolism of fish still exists, other fish can continue to eat it, and its ight soil can be improved water body, produces planktonic organism, edible for fish.

C, wound reparation, the germ prevention, suppress harmful pathogen growth.

Adopt in preparation method of the present invention activated material is sprayed on to the puffing material surface, can keep their biologically active, the destruction of high temperature while avoiding expanded, improved the inherent quality of feed.

The main detection index of this feed is as follows: (content in the 100g feed)

Crude protein 29.5g

Crude fat 8.2g

Crude fibre 7.5g

Ash content 8g

Calcium 1.5g

Phosphorus 1.2g

Lysine 1.8g

Sulfur-containing amino acid 0.95g

Sugar 26g

Multivitamin 0.8g

Active bacterium colony (hundred million) 28.6/ grams

Ight soil produces microorganism 2,000,000,000/gram

Energy coefficient 1.8

(iv) the specific embodiment:

Embodiment 1

1, puffing material fermentation

The first step, get lignin fungi 0.5kg, cellulose-decomposing bacterium 1.0 kg, and molasses 2.0 kg, dissolve in 2.5 kg water, stirs and make bacterium liquid;

Second step, by corn 20 kg, soya-bean cake 20 kg, dish cake 5 kg, inferior powder 20 kg, wheat bran and rice bran 7 kg, pine needle meal 5 kg, mineral matter 2 kg, carapace powder 15 kg of one or more combinations in silkworm, worm, maggot, crab, be crushed to the 120-200 order, mixes to obtain compound;

The 3rd step, mix above-mentioned bacterium liquid and compound thoroughly rear sealing accumulation, and 5-7 days at normal temperatures ferments;

2, expanded

Fermenting in complete rearmounted twin-screw extruder, it is expanded to carry out, and obtains puffing material;

3, prepare activated material

By Bifidobacterium 5 kg, acetic acid bacteria 5 kg, B B-complex 0.5 kg, poly ureaformaldehyde 0.2 kg, nisin 0.2 kg, potassium sorbate 0.2kg, EM bacterium 5 kg, photosynthetic bacteria 5 kg, make activated material after slurries 60 kg of one or more combinations in yellow meal worm, silkworm, fly and 18.9 kg water mix;

4, spraying activated material

Get above-mentioned puffing material 60 kg, treat that above-mentioned puffing material temperature, to 65-75 ℃, evenly is sprayed at the puffing material surface by above-mentioned activated material 40 kg, in being drying to obtain below 40 ℃.

Embodiment 2

1, puffing material fermentation

The first step, get lignin fungi 1.0kg, cellulose-decomposing bacterium 1.5 kg, and molasses 0.5 kg, dissolve in 2.0 kg water, stirs and make bacterium liquid;

Second step, by corn 30 kg, soya-bean cake 10 kg, dish cake 10 kg, inferior powder 10 kg, wheat bran and rice bran 10 kg, pine needle meal 10 kg, mineral matter 5kg, carapace powder 10 kg of silkworm, be crushed to the 120-200 order, mixes to obtain compound;

The 3rd step, mix above-mentioned bacterium liquid and compound thoroughly rear sealing accumulation, and 5-7 days at normal temperatures ferments;

2, expanded

Fermenting in complete rearmounted twin-screw extruder, it is expanded to carry out, and obtains puffing material;

3, prepare activated material

By Bifidobacterium 10kg, acetic acid bacteria 10 kg, B B-complex 5kg, poly ureaformaldehyde 0.3 kg, nisin 0.3 kg, potassium sorbate 0.3 kg, EM bacterium 10kg, photosynthetic bacteria 10 kg, make activated material after the slurries 40kg of fly and 14.1kg water mix;

4, spraying activated material

Get above-mentioned puffing material 95kg, treat that above-mentioned puffing material temperature, to 65-75 ℃, evenly is sprayed at the puffing material surface by above-mentioned activated material 5kg, in being drying to obtain below 40 ℃.

Embodiment 3

1, puffing material fermentation

The first step, get lignin fungi 0.7kg, cellulose-decomposing bacterium 1.2kg, and molasses 1.0 kg, dissolve in 1.1 kg water, stirs and make bacterium liquid;

Second step, by corn 25kg, soya-bean cake 15kg, dish cake 8 kg, inferior powder 15 kg, wheat bran and rice bran 8.5kg, pine needle meal 8 kg, mineral matter 3.5 kg, carapace powder mixture 13 kg of worm, maggot, crab, be crushed to the 120-200 order, mixes to obtain compound;

The 3rd step, mix above-mentioned bacterium liquid and compound thoroughly rear sealing accumulation, and 5-7 days at normal temperatures ferments;

2, expanded

Fermenting in complete rearmounted twin-screw extruder, it is expanded to carry out, and obtains puffing material;

3, prepare activated material

By Bifidobacterium 8kg, acetic acid bacteria 8 kg, B B-complex 3 kg, poly ureaformaldehyde 0.25 kg, nisin 0.25 kg, potassium sorbate 0.20 kg, EM bacterium 7kg, photosynthetic bacteria 7kg, make activated material after slurry mixture 50 kg of yellow meal worm and silkworm and fly and 16.3 kg water mix;

4, spraying activated material

Get above-mentioned puffing material 70kg, treat that above-mentioned puffing material temperature, to 65-75 ℃, evenly is sprayed at the puffing material surface by above-mentioned activated material 30 kg, in being drying to obtain below 40 ℃.

Claims (3)

1. active expanded feed special for natural bighead silver carps, is characterized in that being comprised of the puffing material of 60%-95% percentage by weight and the activated material of 5%-40% percentage by weight, and wherein puffing material is to be made by the raw material of following weight percent:

Lignin fungi 0.5-1.0%

Cellulose-decomposing bacterium 1.5-1.0%

Molasses 0.5-2.0%

Corn 20-30%

Soya-bean cake 10-20%

Dish cake 5-10%

Inferior powder 10-20%

Wheat bran and rice bran 7-10%

Pine needle meal 5-10%

Mineral matter 2-5%

The carapace powder 10-15% of one or more combinations in silkworm, maggot, crab

Water adds to 100%;

Wherein the weight percent of activated material consists of:

Bifidobacterium 5-10%

Acetic acid bacteria 5-10%

B B-complex 0.5-5%

Poly ureaformaldehyde 0.2-0.3%

Nisin 0.2-0.3%

Potassium sorbate 0.2-0.3%

EM bacterium 5-10%

Photosynthetic bacteria 5-10%

The slurries 40-60% of one or more combinations in yellow meal worm, silkworm, fly

Water adds to 100%;

During preparation, first fermentation, the expanded puffing material for preparing, puffing material temperature to be prepared is to 65-75 ℃, then the activated material mixed evenly is sprayed to the puffing material surface, in being drying to obtain below 40 ℃.

2. active expanded feed special for natural bighead silver carps according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the mineral matter in described puffing material is by pulverized limestone, precipitated calcium carbonate, rock phosphate in powder, bone meal, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, ferrous sulfate, copper sulphate, zinc sulfate equal portions mix and form.

3. the preparation method of active expanded feed special for natural bighead silver carps claimed in claim 1, its feature comprises the steps:

A, fermentation, the expanded puffing material for preparing

The first step, by measuring lignin fungi, cellulose-decomposing bacterium, molasses, dissolve in suitable quantity of water, stirs and make bacterium liquid;

Second step, by corn, soya-bean cake, the dish cake, inferior powder, wheat bran and rice bran, pine needle meal, mineral matter, the carapace powder of one or more combinations in silkworm, maggot, crab is crushed to the 120-200 order, mixes to obtain compound;

The 3rd step, mix above-mentioned bacterium liquid and compound thoroughly rear sealing accumulation, and 5-7 days at normal temperatures ferments;

Carry out expandedly after B, fermentation, obtain puffing material;

C, by Bifidobacterium, acetic acid bacteria, B B-complex, the poly ureaformaldehyde, nisin, potassium sorbate, the EM bacterium, photosynthetic bacteria, make activated material after the slurries of one or more combinations in yellow meal worm, silkworm, fly and suitable quantity of water mix;

D, treat that above-mentioned puffing material temperature to 65-75 ℃, evenly is sprayed at the puffing material surface by above-mentioned activated material, in being drying to obtain below 40 ℃.