CN101971761A - Strawberry cultivating device and method - Google Patents
Strawberry cultivating device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101971761A CN101971761A CN2010102916527A CN201010291652A CN101971761A CN 101971761 A CN101971761 A CN 101971761A CN 2010102916527 A CN2010102916527 A CN 2010102916527A CN 201010291652 A CN201010291652 A CN 201010291652A CN 101971761 A CN101971761 A CN 101971761A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
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Abstract
The invention discloses a strawberry cultivating device and method. The device comprises a cultivation frame the longitudinal cross section of which is trapezoidal. The top surface of the cultivation frame is provided with a cultivation slot along the length direction of the top surface, and plugs are paved on the angular surfaces of both sides of the cultivation frame. The method comprises the following steps of: planting strawberry mother plants in the cultivation slot; fixing the strawberry mother plants in the plugs when stolon bud grow to two blades with one terminal bud; alternatively carrying out drop irrigation on the mother plants by adopting a first culture solution and a second culture solution before daughter plants take roots; and respectively carrying out drop irrigation and spray on the root systems of the mother plants and the daughter plants by adopting a third culture solution after the daughter plants take roots until the mother plants and the daughter plants grow into seedlings. The cultivation slot and the plugs of the strawberry cultivating device are far away from the ground so that the influence of plant diseases and insect pests and the soil environment can be eliminated, the controllability is strong, the management becomes convenient and the land use ratio is high. In the method, different culture solutions are dropped and irrigated or sprayed to the mother plants and the daughter plants in different periods, which not only causes little waste on the used culture solutions but also is suitable for the mother plants and the daughter plants to grow. The fruited strawberry seedlings have the advantages of complete and developed roots, strong stem bases and high carbohydrate content.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of plant growing technology, relate in particular to a kind of strawberry seedling nursing device and method.
Background technology
Strawberry is classified as soft fruits with it for the root perennial evergreen herbaceous plant that contracts on the horticulture.The strawberry berry is not only beautiful in colour, delicious flavour, and contains mineral matter, vitamin, several amino acids of abundant nutrient and needed by human etc., favored by the consumer.The strawberry facility cultivation generally every year by the end of August to early and middle ten days field planting in September, late November begins result listing, continues up to mid or late May next year to finish, plant the strawberry seedling September in the same year again, thereby strawberry cultivating needs the annual seedling of changing.
At present, China strawberry mode that generally adopts open country to grow seedlings of growing seedlings is carried out, every year is early April by the end of March, the strawberry cultivating person adopt tissue cultivating seedling or the plant that yields positive results on the stolon seedling that grows plant big field as the strawberry maternal plant, after cultivating one period, environmental condition such as the illumination that is fit to, temperature, humidity and plant self preferably under the trophic level condition, the strawberry maternal plant is taken out living stolon, form the stem eye that crawls on the stolon top, form sub-seedling after the stolon blastogenesis root, sub-seedling is cultivated to grow up just becomes new strawberry seedling.
Extensive utilization along with horticultural crop industrial breeding techniques such as facilities vegetable, flowers, domestic strawberry cultivating person begins to attempt to adopt in facilities such as greenhouse, booth methods such as the flush system thin-layer matrix is grown seedlings, feeding block seedlings raising to cultivate strawberry seedling (strawberry soilless-cultivated seedling technology, Pan Shu, Chinese fruit tree; China Fruits; 2002 (4) feeding block seedlings raisings are to the Qian Yaming that influences of Feng Xiang strawberry growth result, Zhao Mizhen etc., 2009 the 2nd phases of Jiangsu agricultural science; ).But still there are drawbacks such as facility utilization rate is low, the sapling multiplication coefficient is low, management inconvenience.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of strawberry seedling nursing device, solved traditional open country easy infection germ of growing seedlings, be subjected to the big problems of such environmental effects such as soil, weather.
A kind of strawberry seedling nursing device comprises that the longitudinal cross-section is trapezoidal cultivating stand, and the cultivating stand end face is provided with the cultivating groove that is provided with along its length direction, is equipped with the cave dish on the inclined-plane, both sides.
Described cultivating stand height is 1.4～1.8m, and is basic and normal person's height is similar, improved area under cultivation to greatest extent, but do not influenced operation.
Described cultivating groove width is 0.3～0.5m.
Described inclined-plane and horizontal plane angulation are 75～85 degree, and this angle lower inclined plane, is more or less the same with human arm at 50～70cm in the projection width of horizontal plane, are convenient to operation.
Be provided with the dropper that is provided with along the cultivating groove length direction in the described cultivating groove, can drip and water and execute nutrient solution maternal plant.
Described rafraichissoir inside is provided with over against the shower nozzle at the dish back side, cave, is used for the spraying of antithetical phrase strain root system.
Described cave coils from top to bottom that the cave hole number increases gradually, is 32 caves as cave, top dish, and cave, bottom dish is 50 caves.
The present invention also provides a kind of said apparatus that utilizes to carry out the method that strawberry is grown seedlings, and comprising:
The strawberry maternal plant is planted in the cultivating groove, when the stolon blastogenesis is grown to two leaves wholeheartedly the time, be fixed in the dish of cave, before sub-strain is taken root, adopt first culture fluid and second culture fluid alternately maternal plant to be carried out drip irrigation, after sub-strain is taken root, adopt the 3rd culture fluid respectively maternal plant and sub-strain root system to be carried out dropper and spraying, until sub-strain Cheng Miao.
Each nutritive element proportioning of described first culture fluid is (mg/kg): N 90～110, P 40～60, K 90～110, B 0.01～0.02, Cu 0.01～0.02, Fe 0.1～1, Mn 0.01～0.05, Mo0.001～0.01, Zn 0.01～0.05;
Each nutritive element proportioning of described second culture fluid is (mg/kg): N 60～80, K60～80, Ca 70～80, Mg 1～5, B 0.01～0.1, Cu 0.1～0.2, Fe 0.1～0.2, Mn 0.1～0.2, Mo 0.01～0.05, Zn 0.1～0.2, S 1～10;
Each nutritive element proportioning of described the 3rd culture fluid is (mg/kg): N40～60, P 140～160, K 90～110, Mg 1～5, B 0.01～0.1, Cu 0.01～0.1, Fe 0.1～0.5, Mn 0.01～0.02, Mo 0.01～0.05, Zn 0.1～0.2, S 1～10.
Matrix in the described cultivating groove comprises that volume ratio is 3: 1～2: 1～2 peat, rice chaff ash and perlite.
Matrix in the dish of described cave comprises that slow-release fertilizer and volume ratio are 3: 1～2: 1～2 peat, rice chaff ash and perlite, and the slow-release fertilizer consumption is 3～5 ‰ of a cave dish volume, and described slow-release fertilizer can be selected N-P-K 18-6-12 prescription for use.
Apparatus of the present invention comprise the cave dish on top cultivating groove and the inclined-plane, both sides, because cultivating groove and cave dish can be removed the influence of damage by disease and insect and soil environment from away from ground, controllability is strong, is convenient to management, the land utilization rate height.
The present invention at different times to maternal plant and the sub-strain dropper or the different culture fluid of spraying, used culture fluid less wastage on the one hand, seedling cost is low, the growth of suitable on the other hand maternal plant and sub-strain, the strawberry shoot root that generates is complete prosperity, and basal part of stem is sturdy, the carbohydrate content height.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of strawberry seedling nursing device of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of strawberry seedling nursing device comprises by steel pipe and mao bamboon and builds cultivating stand 1 that cultivating stand 1 is generally built booth inside in, length is slightly less than the length of booth, the longitudinal cross-section of cultivating stand 1 is an isosceles trapezoid as shown in Figure 1, and the end face of cultivating stand 1 is equipped with the cultivating groove 2 that is provided with along its length direction, and width is consistent with cultivating stand 1 end face width, be equipped with cave dish 3 on the inclined-plane, both sides, cave dish size is 54cm * 28cm, and cave, top dish is 32 caves, cave pore volume 150cm
3, cave, bottom dish is 50 caves, cave pore volume 100cm
3
The height of cultivating stand 1 is 1.4～1.8m, and the end face width is 0.3～0.5m, and bottom width is 1.4～1.8m, and roughly at 75～85 degree, the height of cultivating groove 2 is 0.2～0.3m at the inclination angle on inclined-plane.While is provided with dark 15～35cm on the ground of building cultivating stand 1, width is the groove 4 of 110～120cm, and the high the North in groove 4 souths is low, two ends drop 20cm, and laid inside has the 6mm polyethylene film, is used to reclaim nutrient solution.
Be provided with the dropper 5 that is provided with along its length direction in the cultivating groove 2, be provided with sprayer unit 7 directly over the inclined-plane, be used for replenishing the moisture and the sub-strain cooling of matrix in the dish of cave, cultivating stand 1 inside is provided with the shower nozzle 6 that coils 2 back sides over against the cave, is used for antithetical phrase strain root system and sprays nutrient solution.
During cultivation, in cultivating groove 2 and cave dish 3, contain matrix, matrix is made up of 3: 1: 1 peat of volume ratio, rice chaff ash and perlite, and its main physical and chemical is: pH5.4, EC 0.66Ms/cm, unit weight 0.26, total porosity 52.7, N 10.85mg/kg, P 18.26mg/kg, k 13.8mg/kg, the content of organic matter 29.34%.Except matrix, also be mixed with the slow-release fertilizer of N-P-K 18-6-12 in the dish of cave, consumption is 4 ‰ of a cave dish volume.At the beginning of annual 4 months, stromal surface in the cultivating groove 2 is spread dropper 5, plant maternal plant then in the above, maternal plant single file plantation, the strain spacing is 0.25m, grows to two leaves periods wholeheartedly to the stolon blastogenesis, the stem eye that will crawl is fixed in the cave dish and takes root, before taking root, with following two kinds of culture fluids maternal plant is carried out dropper, following two kinds of proportionings that prescription all is nutritive elements always.
Culture fluid 1 (mg/kg): N 100, and P 50, and K 100, and B 0.0125, and Cu 0.0125, and Fe 0.5, and Mn 0.025, and Mo 0.005, and Zn 0.025;
Culture fluid 2 (mg/kg): N 70, and K 70, and Ca 77.5, and Mg 2.8, and B 0.06, and Cu 0.19, and Fe 0.175, and Mn 0.175, and Mo 0.015, and Zn 0.175, and S 4.0;
2 kinds of nutrient solutions are droppers at interval, and blanking time is according to temperature and strawberry plant strain growth situation, 5～10 days at interval.After sub-strain is taken root (at the beginning of 8 months), 3 pairs of maternal plants of employing culture fluid carry out dropper and antithetical phrase strain root system is sprayed.Maternal plant dropper blanking time is 5～10 days, and spraying is 1 hour spraying 30s at interval.Satisfy the nutrient and the water demand of the sub-seedling of strawberry.
Culture fluid 3 (mg/kg): N 50, and P 150, and K 100, and Mg 3, and B 0.06, and Cu 0.06, and Fe 0.25, and Mn 0.0125, and Mo 0.025, and Zn 0.125, and S 4.
In the summer high temperature time, can open sprayer unit 7, the antithetical phrase strain is lowered the temperature.
September early and middle ten days, sub-strain is generally long 4～5 complete leaves, this moment, sub-shoot root system wrapped up agglomeratingly, suitably controlled the water supply in media in the dish of cave, cut off the stolon of connexon seedling, just was easy to the bundle seedling and took out in the dish of cave.
Adopt this method breeding strawberry seedling, strawberry seedling 10～120,000 strains can be bred in every mu of ground, are 2～2.5 times that open country is cultivated strawberry seedling output.Several 4～5 complete leaves of individual plant strawberry seedling leaf, cripetura diameter stem 0.9～1.2cm, complete stool fresh weight 25.5～30.3g, and the cripetura diameter stem 0.45cm～0.86cm of the strawberry seedling that open country is cultivated, complete stool fresh weight 17.7～22.4g, therefore, the quality of strawberry cave dish seedling is better than open country seedling.In addition, carry out moisture, nutrient control, refrigeration and the short-day of strawberry cave dish seedling and handle, can be so that strawberry listing in 10～15 days in advance, thus improved the economic benefit of strawberry cultivating.
Claims (8)
1. strawberry seedling nursing device is characterized in that: comprise that the longitudinal cross-section is trapezoidal cultivating stand, the cultivating stand end face is provided with the cultivating groove that is provided with along its length direction, is equipped with the cave dish on the inclined-plane, both sides.
2. strawberry seedling nursing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described cultivating stand height is 1.4～1.8m.
3. strawberry seedling nursing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described cultivating groove width is 0.3～0.5m.
4. strawberry seedling nursing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described inclined-plane and horizontal plane angulation are 75～85 degree.
5. strawberry seedling nursing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with the dropper that is provided with along the cultivating groove length direction in the described cultivating groove.
6. strawberry seedling nursing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described cultivating stand inside is provided with over against the shower nozzle at the dish back side, cave.
7. strawberry seedling nursing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: top, described inclined-plane is provided with sprayer unit.
8. one kind is utilized claim 1 described strawberry seedling nursing device to carry out the method that strawberry is grown seedlings, and comprising:
The strawberry maternal plant is planted in the cultivating groove, growing to two leaves when the stolon blastogenesis wholeheartedly is fixed in the dish of cave period, before sub-strain is taken root, adopt first culture fluid and second culture fluid that maternal plant is carried out alternatively drip irrigating, after sub-strain is taken root, adopt the 3rd culture fluid respectively maternal plant and sub-strain root system to be carried out dropper and spraying, until Cheng Miao;
Each nutritive element proportioning of described first culture fluid is: N 90～110mg/kg, P 40～60mg/kg, K 90～110mg/kg, B 0.01～0.02mg/kg, Cu0.01～0.02mg/kg, Fe 0.1～1mg/kg, Mn 0.01～0.05mg/kg, Mo 0.001～0.01mg/kg, Zn 0.01～0.05mg/kg;
Each nutritive element proportioning of described second culture fluid is: N 60～80mg/kg, K60～80mg/kg, Ca 70～80mg/kg, Mg 1～5mg/kg, B 0.01～0.1mg/kg, Cu 0.1～0.2mg/kg, Fe 0.1～0.2mg/kg, Mn 0.1～0.2mg/kg, Mo 0.01～0.05mg/kg, Zn0.1～0.2mg/kg, S 1～10mg/kg;
Each nutritive element proportioning of described the 3rd culture fluid is: N40～60mg/kg, P 140～160mg/kg, K 90～110mg/kg, Mg 1～5mg/kg, B 0.01～0.1mg/kg, Cu0.01～0.1mg/kg, Fe 0.1～0.5mg/kg, Mn 0.01～0.02mg/kg, Mo 0.01～0.05mg/kg, Zn 0.1～0.2mg/kg, S 1～10mg/kg.
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| CN2010102916527A CN101971761B (en) | 2010-09-26 | 2010-09-26 | Strawberry cultivating device and method |
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| CN2010102916527A CN101971761B (en) | 2010-09-26 | 2010-09-26 | Strawberry cultivating device and method |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102257948A (en) * | 2011-05-11 | 2011-11-30 | 杭州市农业科学研究院 | Compound matrix for soilless seeding of strawberry |
| CN102523895A (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2012-07-04 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Plug substrate rainproof strawberry seedling culturing method and special facility |
| CN103120114A (en) * | 2013-01-24 | 2013-05-29 | 中国林业科学研究院华北林业实验中心 | Air cultivation method of stock plants of colored ornamental coniferous trees |
| CN103782769A (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2014-05-14 | 内蒙古康绿源蔬菜产业有限责任公司 | Celery planting method |
| CN104957010A (en) * | 2015-06-01 | 2015-10-07 | 吴迪 | Green strawberry cultivation management method |
| CN105409742A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-03-23 | 周福进 | Method using nutrient media to cultivate strawberries |
| CN108935034A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2018-12-07 | 建德市山里红家庭农场有限公司 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings of red cheek strawberry |
| CN112243809A (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2021-01-22 | 安顺欣丞农业科技发展有限公司 | Plug seedling method for strawberries |
| CN113950973A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2022-01-21 | 咸宁职业技术学院 | Cuttage breeding bed of planting |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102257948A (en) * | 2011-05-11 | 2011-11-30 | 杭州市农业科学研究院 | Compound matrix for soilless seeding of strawberry |
| CN102257948B (en) * | 2011-05-11 | 2013-02-20 | 杭州市农业科学研究院 | Compound matrix for soilless seeding of strawberry |
| CN102523895A (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2012-07-04 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Plug substrate rainproof strawberry seedling culturing method and special facility |
| CN103120114A (en) * | 2013-01-24 | 2013-05-29 | 中国林业科学研究院华北林业实验中心 | Air cultivation method of stock plants of colored ornamental coniferous trees |
| CN103120114B (en) * | 2013-01-24 | 2014-11-05 | 中国林业科学研究院华北林业实验中心 | Air cultivation method of stock plants of colored ornamental coniferous trees |
| CN103782769A (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2014-05-14 | 内蒙古康绿源蔬菜产业有限责任公司 | Celery planting method |
| CN104957010A (en) * | 2015-06-01 | 2015-10-07 | 吴迪 | Green strawberry cultivation management method |
| CN105409742A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-03-23 | 周福进 | Method using nutrient media to cultivate strawberries |
| CN108935034A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2018-12-07 | 建德市山里红家庭农场有限公司 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings of red cheek strawberry |
| CN112243809A (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2021-01-22 | 安顺欣丞农业科技发展有限公司 | Plug seedling method for strawberries |
| CN113950973A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2022-01-21 | 咸宁职业技术学院 | Cuttage breeding bed of planting |
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| CN101971761B (en) | 2011-11-23 |
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