CN103120114B - Air cultivation method of stock plants of colored ornamental coniferous trees - Google Patents
Air cultivation method of stock plants of colored ornamental coniferous trees Download PDFInfo
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- CN103120114B CN103120114B CN201310025903.0A CN201310025903A CN103120114B CN 103120114 B CN103120114 B CN 103120114B CN 201310025903 A CN201310025903 A CN 201310025903A CN 103120114 B CN103120114 B CN 103120114B
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- fringe
- maternal plant
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- plant
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- Y02P60/216—
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Abstract
Disclosed is an air cultivation method of stock plants of colored ornamental coniferous trees. The method comprises the steps of establishing an air cultivation bed provided with a spraying and controlling system in a greenhouse; determining spacing in the rows and spacing between rows of the plants according to growth rates of tree seeds and planed cutting ages; planting the stock plants to be cultivated on the air cultivation bed and enabling root systems to be suspended in the air cultivation bed; directly carrying out interval spraying on the root systems with nutrient solution after the stock plants are planted; and carrying out root cutting back trimming once in March every year according to growing situations of root systems of different tree seeds and the principle of cutting more for plants which grow fast and cutting less for plants which grow slowly, and adjusting the stock plants according to the ratio of root length to crown height to promote growth of parts above the ground. According to the air cultivation method of the stock plants of the colored ornamental coniferous trees, aerial root systems of the colored ornamental coniferous trees are enabled to be stronger than ordinary earth culture terrestrial root systems of the colored ornamental coniferous trees in length and superficial area, metabolic activity is strong, nutrition absorption efficiency is high, nursery-grown plants grow fast, and the fast expanding propagation purpose can be achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ornamental plant culture technique field, especially relate to a kind of colour and view and admire coniferous tree and adopt fringe maternal plant steam fog breeding method.
Background technology
Colour is viewed and admired coniferous tree and is mainly referred in recent years and to take Cupressaceae as main afforestation evergreen color leaf seeds by what introduce abroad, because its four seasons are evergreen, color is various, in addition resistance, good in northern China performance, the plant new lover who has become northern landscaping and made scape, has highly application value.But because import nursery stock is expensive, buy in enormous quantities unreasonablely economically, and a small amount of introduction adopted fringe maternal plant, and cultivation, again due to its poor growth, is difficult to the more cuttings of output in the short time in a usual manner.Propagating materials (cuttings) shortage is to restrict these to introduce the key that good ornamental tree species is applied.Existing routine techniques is exactly that introduced nursery stock is planted in land for growing field crops or booth as adopting fringe maternal plant, short its growth in the situation that strengthening rich water quality management, general 20 left and right of cuttings are produced in cypress class (Chinese juniper, juniper belong to) breeder mother's strain in 3 years per year, and maternal plant growth is slow, and reproduction coefficient is low.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to design a kind of novel colour and view and admire coniferous tree and adopt fringe maternal plant steam fog breeding method, address the above problem.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
Colour is viewed and admired coniferous tree and is adopted a fringe maternal plant steam fog breeding method, comprises that step is as follows:
Step 1, sets up rhizophere gas bed and carries out maternal plant and plant, and specifically comprises: in greenhouse, set up the rhizophere gas bed with spraying and control system; By seeds growth rate and plan, start to adopt the fringe age, determine the seeding row spacing that plant is planted; The to be cultivated fringe maternal plant of adopting is planted on described aerial fog cultivation bed, and root system is suspended from described rhizophere gas bed;
Step 2, maternal plant management, specifically comprises: after the maternal plant described in the first step has been planted, directly with nutrient solution, root system is carried out to intermittent spraying;
In annual March, according to different tree species root growth situation, by many sections of the fast persons of growth, the principle that the slow person that grows cuts less, carries out root cutting back pruning one time, and maternal plant is regulated by root length and crown height ratio, promotes aerial growth.
Described greenhouse is plastic tunnel or sun glasshouse.
Described rhizophere gas bed is rectangle rhizophere gas bed.
In step 1, on described rhizophere gas bed, by seeds growth rate and plan, start to adopt after the seeding row spacing that the fringe age determines that plant plants, the frame of planting is accordingly installed; The to be cultivated fringe maternal plant of adopting is planted in the above-mentioned frame of planting, with sponge, fixed.
In step 2, the spray intervals time of described intermittent spraying is according to season and definite round the clock; Every day is regular check machine operation at least one times; Regularly measure at least one times weekly nutrient solution concentration adjustment and recovery to range of normal value.
The described spray intervals time is according to determining in season and daytime, specifically refers to spring and autumn 30 minutes-40 minutes on daytime spray intervals time, and in 10 minutes-20 minutes summer, in 50 minutes-60 minutes winter, be 2 times of daytime interval time at night.
In step 2, the formula of described nutrient solution is: Ca (NO
3)
2250mg.L
-1, KNO
3250mg.L
-1, NH
4h
2pO
462.5mg.L
-1, MgSO
4125mg.L
-1, FeSO
4.7H
2o10mg.L
-1, Na-EDTA10mg.L
-1, KI2mg.L
-1, MnSO
431.6mg.L
-1, H
3bO
36.2mg.L
-1, ZnSO4
.7H
2o7.56mg.L
-1, CuSO
45H
2o0.0325mg.L
-1, Na
2moO
42H
2o0.325mg.L
-1, H
12clCoO
60.0325mg.L
-1.
In step 1, described starts to adopt the fringe age by seeds growth rate and plan, determine the seeding row spacing that plant is planted, specifically refer to when starting to adopt the fringe age while being 4 years (comprising seedling age), to growth phase, to seeds " gold leaf sparse branching hackmatack " and " blue star high mountain Chinese juniper " slowly, the seeding row spacing of planting is 15cm*15cm; To growth phase, to slightly fast seeds " gold leaf deer horn Chinese juniper ", seeding row spacing is 20cm*20cm; Starting to adopt the fringe age was as the criterion with 4 years, carried the previous year or postponed 1 year, and seeding row spacing all reduces or increase 5cm.
The so-called sun glasshouse of the present invention, has another name called sunlight board greenhouse.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of new method of treasuring cypress class coniferous tree maternal plant quickly breeding, slow to solve its growth, the problem that reproduction coefficient is low, realizes the target that colored coniferous tree rapid, high volume is bred.
Beneficial effect of the present invention can be summarized as follows:
1, view and admire coniferous tree and generally there is poky feature, and it is all flourishing than common earth culture terrestrial root to adopt the aerial root of steam fog training to tie up on length and surface area, and there is very strong metabolic activity, nutrient absorption efficiency is high, and seedling growth is fast.As adopting fringe maternal plant culture technique, can obtain quick production larger amt propagating materials, realize and expand rapidly numerous target.Cultivate the coniferous tree of viewing and admiring of 2 years (life in 4 years) and adopt its steam fog training individual plant of fringe maternal plant " gold leaf deer horn Chinese juniper ", " gold leaf sparse branching hackmatack " and " blue star high mountain Chinese juniper " to produce fringe amount be respectively 11.7,16.5,6.8 times of common earth culture individual plant, qualified cuttings has reached respectively 292,330,93.。
2, the inventive method is simple, implementation cost is cheap.
Embodiment
In order to make technical problem solved by the invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect clearer, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Colour is viewed and admired coniferous tree and is adopted a fringe maternal plant steam fog breeding method, comprises that step is as follows:
Step 1, sets up rhizophere gas bed and carries out maternal plant and plant, and specifically comprises: in greenhouse, set up the rhizophere gas bed with spraying and control system; By seeds growth rate and plan, start to adopt the fringe age, determine the seeding row spacing that plant is planted; The to be cultivated fringe maternal plant of adopting is planted on described aerial fog cultivation bed, and root system is suspended from described rhizophere gas bed.
Step 2, maternal plant management, specifically comprises: after the maternal plant described in the first step has been planted, directly with nutrient solution, root system is carried out to intermittent spraying;
In annual March, according to different tree species root growth situation, by many sections of the fast persons of growth, the principle that the slow person that grows cuts less, carries out root cutting back pruning one time, and maternal plant is regulated by root length and crown height ratio, promotes aerial growth.
Wherein, described greenhouse can be plastic tunnel or sun glasshouse.
In the embodiment being more preferably, described rhizophere gas bed is rectangle rhizophere gas bed.In step 1, on described rhizophere gas bed, by seeds growth rate and plan, start to adopt after the seeding row spacing that the fringe age determines that plant plants, the frame of planting is accordingly installed; The to be cultivated fringe maternal plant of adopting is planted in the above-mentioned frame of planting, with sponge, fixed.
In step 1, described starts to adopt the fringe age by seeds growth rate and plan, determine the seeding row spacing that plant is planted, specifically refer to when starting to adopt the fringe age while being 4 years (comprising seedling age), to growth phase, to seeds " gold leaf sparse branching hackmatack " and " blue star high mountain Chinese juniper " slowly, the seeding row spacing of planting is 15cm*15cm; To growth phase, to slightly fast seeds " gold leaf deer horn Chinese juniper ", seeding row spacing is 20cm*20cm; Starting to adopt the fringe age was as the criterion with 4 years, carried the previous year or postponed 1 year, and seeding row spacing all reduces or increase 5cm.
In step 2, the spray intervals time of described intermittent spraying is according to season and definite round the clock; Every day is regular check machine operation at least one times; Regularly measure at least one times weekly nutrient solution concentration adjustment and recovery to range of normal value.The described spray intervals time is according to determining in season and daytime, specifically refers to spring and autumn 30 minutes-40 minutes on daytime spray intervals time, and in 10 minutes-20 minutes summer, in 50 minutes-60 minutes winter, be 2 times of daytime interval time at night.
In step 2, the formula of described nutrient solution is: Ca (NO
3)
2250mg.L
-1, KNO
3250mg.L
-1, NH
4h
2pO
462.5mg.L
-1, MgSO
4125mg.L
-1, FeSO
4.7H
2o10mg.L
-1, Na-EDTA10mg.L
-1, KI2mg.L
-1, MnSO
431.6mg.L
-1, H
3bO
36.2mg.L
-1, ZnSO
47H
2o7.56mg.L
-1, CuSO
45H
2o0.0325mg.L
-1, Na
2moO
42H
2o0.325mg.L
-1, H
12clCoO
60.0325mg.L
-1.
In certain concrete enforcement:
Set up rhizophere gas bed: in plastic tunnel or other greenhouses, set up wide 1m, the rectangle rhizophere gas bed of high 70cm and spraying thereof, control system; By the seeding row spacing of 15cm*15cm or 20cm*20cm, on field planting plate, punch, aperture 5cn, installs the corresponding frame of planting.Cover resistance light waterproof black and white film go up (outward) in vain under (interior) black plastic film, and open a gap at each frame center relative position of planting, big or smallly planting, into nursery stock, be as the criterion.
Maternal plant is planted: with the raw cuttage of seedling age 1-2 or seedling, as to be cultivated, adopt fringe maternal plant.Nursery stock lifting rinses to remove earth with clear water to root system before planting, and plants in the frame of planting, with sponge, fix, and make root system be suspended from planting bed in.
Maternal plant management: should note when maternal plant is planted at any time nursery stock being sprayed water, prevent dehydration.After planting, directly with nutrient solution, root system is carried out to intermittent spraying.Be 10 minutes-20 minutes daytime spray intervals time; Be 20 minutes-40 minutes night.Every day early, middle and late regular check machine operation; Measure weekly nutrient solution concentration (by electrical conductivity instrumentation electrical conductivity (EC) value) once and be adjusted to normal value.Liquid PH value is 6.0-6.5, and EC value is 2.5--3.0mmhos/cm.
Annual March, according to different tree species root growth situation, by many sections of the fast persons of growth, the principle that the slow person that grows cuts less, maternal plant is pressed to root/shoot ratio 2: 1--3: 1 intensity, carry out root cutting back pruning one time, promote aerial growth." gold leaf deer horn Chinese juniper " with root/shoot ratio 2: 1, and " gold leaf sparse branching hackmatack ", with root/shoot ratio 2.5: 1, " blue star high mountain Chinese juniper " is trimmed to good with 3: 1 intensity of root/shoot ratio.
With 2 years raw cuttage seeding for maternal plant to be cultivated, May, plant on rhizophere gas bed, nutrient solution prescription preparation nutrient solution with the present invention, adopting steam fog cultural method to adopt fringe maternal plant cultivates. and plant and then maternal plant is only carried out to daily nutrition liquid spraying supply management. from the second year, annual March, seedling root is carried out to cutting back, promote aerial growth. " gold leaf deer horn Chinese juniper " pruned in 2: 1 modes of root/shoot ratio, to the year end the 2nd after planting, aerosol training nursery stock, than the high 18cm of common earth culture, is preced with the large 35-38cm of width; " gold leaf sparse branching hackmatack " adopts aerosol to train the nursery stock of planting, and prunes in root/shoot ratio (2.5: 1) mode, and aerosol training nursery stock, than the high 5cm of earth culture nursery stock, is preced with the large 10-17cm of width; " blue star high mountain Chinese juniper " pruned with root/shoot ratio (3: 1), and its aerosol training nursery stock is larger than the high 4cm of earth culture nursery stock than earth culture amount of growth, the large 6-8cm of hat width.View and admire coniferous tree steam fog training for 3 kinds and adopt fringe maternal plant to produce fringe amount be respectively 11.7,16.5,6.8 times of its Nutrition Soil cultivation maternal plant, qualified cuttings has reached respectively 292,330,93.
More than by the detailed description of concrete and preferred embodiment the present invention; but those skilled in the art should be understood that; the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all; any modification of doing, be equal to replacement etc., within protection scope of the present invention all should be included in.
Claims (5)
1. colour is viewed and admired coniferous tree and is adopted a fringe maternal plant steam fog breeding method, it is characterized in that, comprises that step is as follows:
Step 1, sets up rhizophere gas bed and carries out maternal plant and plant, and specifically comprises: in greenhouse, set up the rhizophere gas bed with spraying and control system; By seeds growth rate and plan, start to adopt the fringe age, determine the seeding row spacing that plant is planted; The to be cultivated fringe maternal plant of adopting is planted on described aerial fog cultivation bed, and root system is suspended from described rhizophere gas bed;
Step 2, maternal plant management, specifically comprises: after the maternal plant described in the first step has been planted, directly with nutrient solution, root system is carried out to intermittent spraying;
In annual March, according to different tree species root growth situation, by many sections of the fast persons of growth, the principle that the slow person that grows cuts less, carries out root cutting back pruning one time, and maternal plant is regulated by root length and crown height ratio, promotes aerial growth;
In step 2, the spray intervals time of described intermittent spraying is according to season and definite round the clock; Every day is regular check machine operation at least one times; Regularly measure at least one times weekly nutrient solution concentration adjustment and recovery to range of normal value; The described spray intervals time is according to determining in season and daytime, specifically refers to spring and autumn 30 minutes-40 minutes on daytime spray intervals time, and in 10 minutes-20 minutes summer, in 50 minutes-60 minutes winter, be 2 times of daytime interval time at night;
In step 2, the formula of described nutrient solution is: Ca (NO
3)
2250mg.L
-1, KNO
3250mg.L
-1, NH
4h
2pO
462.5mg.L
-1, MgSO
4125mg.L
-1, FeSO
4.7H
2o 10mg.L
-1, Na-EDTA 10mg.L
-1, KI 2mg.L
-1, MnSO
431.6mg.L
-1, H
3bO
36.2mg.L
-1, ZnSO
47H
2o 7.56mg.L
-1, CuSO
45H
2o 0.0325mg.L
-1, Na
2moO
42H
2o 0.325mg.L
-1, H
12clCoO
60.0325mg.L
-1.
2. colour according to claim 1 is viewed and admired coniferous tree and is adopted fringe maternal plant steam fog breeding method, it is characterized in that: described greenhouse is plastic tunnel or sun glasshouse.
3. the colour of stating according to claim 1 is viewed and admired coniferous tree and is adopted fringe maternal plant steam fog breeding method, it is characterized in that: described rhizophere gas bed is rectangle rhizophere gas bed.
4. colour according to claim 1 is viewed and admired coniferous tree and is adopted fringe maternal plant steam fog breeding method, it is characterized in that: in step 1, on described rhizophere gas bed, by seeds growth rate and plan, start to adopt after the seeding row spacing that the fringe age determines that plant plants, the frame of planting is accordingly installed; The to be cultivated fringe maternal plant of adopting is planted in the above-mentioned frame of planting, with sponge, fixed.
5. the colour of stating according to claim 1 is viewed and admired coniferous tree and is adopted fringe maternal plant steam fog breeding method, it is characterized in that: in step 1, described starts to adopt the fringe age by seeds growth rate and plan, determine the seeding row spacing that plant is planted, specifically refer to when comprise seedling age start adopt the fringe age while being 4 years, to growth phase, to seeds " gold leaf sparse branching hackmatack " and " blue star high mountain Chinese juniper " slowly, the seeding row spacing of planting is 15cm*15cm; To growth phase, to slightly fast seeds " gold leaf deer horn Chinese juniper ", seeding row spacing is 20cm*20cm; Starting to adopt the fringe age was as the criterion with 4 years, carried the previous year or postponed 1 year, and seeding row spacing all reduces or increase 5cm.
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CN106171910A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2016-12-07 | 钦州市火龙果工程技术研究中心 | Hylocereus undatus urges root fast seedling-cultivating method without soil |
CN109006144A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2018-12-18 | 澄城县绿营种植农民专业合作社 | The nursery of the drought-enduring nursery stock of loess and quick-breeding method |
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CN102415262A (en) * | 2011-10-31 | 2012-04-18 | 浙江森禾种业股份有限公司 | Cuttage propagation method for Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Crippsii' |
CN102613051A (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2012-08-01 | 何寒 | Method for plant rapid propagation through air culture |
Family Cites Families (1)
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US20110023359A1 (en) * | 2009-07-29 | 2011-02-03 | David Raring | Aeroponic growing apparatus and method |
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2013
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Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN2305847Y (en) * | 1997-08-29 | 1999-02-03 | 慕山君 | Three-dimension multi-deck installation for mist cultivation of plant |
JP2009055871A (en) * | 2007-09-03 | 2009-03-19 | Mikio Ichiyama | Method of spraying hydroponics |
CN101773045A (en) * | 2010-02-26 | 2010-07-14 | 李子辉 | Complete oil-tea camellia wildwood variety improvement method |
CN201830728U (en) * | 2010-09-08 | 2011-05-18 | 中国科学院植物研究所 | Storm-preventive vegetable farming device applicable to ships environment |
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CN102295480A (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2011-12-28 | 吉林大学 | Nutrient solution for cultivating potato microtubers by greenhouse gas atomization and cultivation method |
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