CN101953295A - Method for breeding super-sweet maize hybrid seeds - Google Patents
Method for breeding super-sweet maize hybrid seeds Download PDFInfo
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- CN101953295A CN101953295A CN2010105157792A CN201010515779A CN101953295A CN 101953295 A CN101953295 A CN 101953295A CN 2010105157792 A CN2010105157792 A CN 2010105157792A CN 201010515779 A CN201010515779 A CN 201010515779A CN 101953295 A CN101953295 A CN 101953295A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for breading super-sweet maize hybrid seeds. The method comprises the following steps of: selecting a Taiwan super-sweet maize Huazhen, an American super-sweet maize American No.1, and two common maize inbred lines Ye 478 and Qi 319, performing paired hybridization and backcross, and performing backcross again to establish two super-sweet maize basic colonies; selecting fine individual plants respectively according to super-sweet grains, quality traits, plant adversity resistance and the like, and uniformly mixing pollens of the fine individual plants; pollinating the selected individual plants one by one; selecting and remaining equivalent amount of the seeds of each harvested fruit ear to perform mixed planting in the colonies so as to form two super-sweet maize mixed colonies; performing inbred line breeding on the colonies; and breeding the super-sweet maize hybrid seeds, namely crystal sweet No.5 by using the inbred lines 2 and 1 as a male parent and a female parent respectively. The breeding method ensures that the hybrid seeds have the advantages of high quality, high yield, strong adversity resistance and wide applicability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the selection of a kind of super-sweet corn crossbreed.
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Background technology
In recent years, along with the progressively reinforcement with the health consumption idea of improving constantly of living standards of the people, more and more higher to the requirement of plant product quality and nutritive value.In order to satisfy the people to demand high-quality, the health plant product, improve the people's diet structure and quality of life, add because its breeding time is short, management is easy relatively, and economic benefit is more obvious, than the high 5-6 of plantation conventional corn doubly, the area under cultivation of super-sweet corn constantly enlarges.But present domestic great majority are to utilize the crossbreed of introducing directly to carry out the second cycle line seed selection, cause the part excellent genes to be lost, selected inbred line hereditary basis is narrower and output, resistance are relatively poor, the super-sweet corn kind ubiquity inferior quality of being prepared, shortcoming such as output is general, resistance is not strong.We utilize the hybrid vigour pattern of conventional corn to improve the super-sweet corn resource of separate sources in pairs, create the assorted excellent pattern of super-sweet corn, cultivate the Hybrid of high-combining ability, satisfy market to high yield, degeneration-resistant demand; Utilize pollen mixture to pollinate and make up the super-sweet corn population mixture, repay in conjunction with individual plant fruit ear quality product and cultivate good quality and high output super-sweet corn crossbreed, have not yet to see this report.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to provides the method for the super-sweet corn new varieties of a kind of seed selection high-quality, high yield, high-output stress-resistance at super-sweet corn kind high-quality of using in the current production and the mutually ununified present situation of high yield, high-quality and resistance.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme:
1) selects Taiwan super-sweet corn-Hua Zhen and No. one, U.S. super-sweet corn-U.S. and two conventional corn inbred lines, through paired hybridization, backcross, backcross again, set up 2 super-sweet corn basic populations from different advantage groups;
2) with in 2 basic populations respectively according to (not morbidity or banded sclerotial blight, leaf blight and the head smut morbidity below 3 grades of field of super sweet seed (seed shrinkage type), quality trait (according to " variety of crops authorization standard (corn) " standard quality scoring (NY/T1197-2006) more than 85 minutes), plant resistance; Plant does not lodge) select fine individual plant that its pollen is mixed, pollinate for again middle menu strain one by one, each fruit ear equivalent seed number of selecting and remain of results is carried out mixed planting in colony, forms 2 super-sweet corn population mixtures, with the genetic diversity of assurance population mixture;
3) with 2 super-sweet corn population mixtures respectively continuously 6 generations of selfing select that plant type is compact, best in quality, the super-sweet corn inbred line 1 of good stress resistance and pollen amount greatly, extremely excellent, the resistance of quality super-sweet corn inbred line 2 preferably;
4) with inbred line 1 be a mother this, inbred line 2 hybridizes as male parent and forms super-sweet corn crossbreed-crystalline substance sweet No. 5.
Above-mentioned steps 1) described different advantage groups' conventional corn inbred line is respectively to tuck in 478 and neat 319.
Above-mentioned steps 2) makes and select all genes of plant to enter the super-sweet corn population mixture in every strain, guarantee the genetic diversity of super-sweet corn population mixture.
Above-mentioned steps 3) be select from 2 super-sweet corn population mixtures respectively that tree characteristics is good, resistance preferably individual plant carry out selfing, pollination self 20-22 days fresh fruit fringes cutting-out 1/3-1/2 are used for the quality product to be repaid, stay excellent abandon bad, to guarantee the fine quality of selected inbred line.
Because it is high-quality that the used super-sweet corn germplasm of basis of formation colony not only has, and derive from different regions, has blood relationship far away; Used conventional corn inbred line not only has strong advantage but also have yield stability, the strong required proterties of adaptability, has guaranteed the genetic diversity of basic population and the heterosis, hybrid vigor between colony.Repay in the selfing process single fruit fringe being carried out the quality product, stay and excellently abandon badly, guaranteed the fine quality of selected inbred line, thus select best in quality, economical character better, strong stress resistance, wide adaptability, super-sweet corn inbred line that coordinate force is high.
Compare with prior art, have following advantage brilliant sweet No. 5 that adopt the present invention to select:
1. exterior quality and edible quality are good.Quality seen in brilliant sweet 5 extras that application the inventive method is bred and edible quality is better than contrast (brilliant sweet No. 3), and bright tassel seed sugariness height, skin approach, brittleness is good, and seed is darker, and the fruit ear tubular suits to take off seed processing; Seed solid colour, beautiful, the marshalling of color and luster after the boiling; The fruit ear bract is complete and tighter, keeps the time of the quality of kind own longer.
2. Other Main Agronomic Characters is good, shows as high yield, stable yields.Since make up the used super-sweet corn germplasm of colony and be derive from different regions, blood relationship is far away, used conventional corn is the good inbred line with strong advantage, eurytopicity and high-combining ability, in two super-sweet corn population mixtures, select economical character is better, comprehensive resistance good, coordinate force is high inbred line 1 and brilliant sweet No. 5 parent of 2 conducts respectively, guaranteed brilliant sweet No. 5 good economical character and stable high yield characteristic.Sow in spring breeding time (emerging) about 87 days, summer autumn sowing 70-75 days in the area, Nanjing brilliant sweet No. 5 to the bright fringe of gathering.The plant type hemicompact is gathered, and the field comprehensive resistance is stronger, and leaf blight, helminthosporium maydis, banded sclerotial blight, rough dwarf disease, the corn borer resistance that causes harm is respectively high anti-, high anti-, anti-, high anti-, high anti-.The fruit ear cob is thinner, 1 centimetre of the seed degree of depth, and about typical Dan Sui fresh weight 250 grams, the seed marshalling, bract is complete, and the color and luster unanimity is no bald.About 722 kilograms of the bright fringes of per mu yield.Participated in Jiangsu Province's sweet corn production test in 2009, contrast of bright fringe output (brilliant sweet No. 3) volume increase 9.5%, and exterior quality and edible quality are better than contrast.(seeing Table 1)
Table 1: Other Main Agronomic Characters comparative test result
4. wide adaptability.Since the super-sweet corn germplasm origin that makes up colony in different regions, the conventional corn germplasm is to derive from adaptable different advantage group, guaranteed brilliant sweet No. 5 eurytopicity that selects.So far, brilliant sweet No. 5 in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui promotes, and in Guangdong, provinces and cities such as Guangxi, Hainan, Shanghai, Fujian, Jiangxi, Chongqing, Hunan, Hubei, Yunnan plant experimentally successfully.
5. male parent inbred line branch is many, pollen amount is big.Inbred line 2 branches of breeding with the inventive method are many, flower pesticide is big, pollen amount is big, the pollen duration is longer.Maternal plant type compactness, suitable dense planting and seed thousand kernel weight height.Production of hybrid seeds test shows that brilliant sweet No. 5 seed farms are solid full, 150 kilograms of average yield per mus, and the high-yield field can reach 200 kilograms, helps reducing breeding cost, promotes large tracts of land to promote.
Embodiment
Conventional corn inbred line and super-sweet corn kind used among the present invention are commercially available getting, and the conventional corn inbred line is tucked in 478 and neat 319 inbred lines for conventional use in the corn breeding field.
Use brilliant sweet No. 5 concrete steps of the inventive method seed selection:
The first step: set up 2 super-sweet corn basic populations:
1) the conventional corn inbred line of selecting high-quality, general performance good the super-sweet corn germplasm-Hua Zhen that derives from different regions and No. one, the U.S. by breeding objective (the super-sweet corn crossbreed of high-quality, high yield, stable yields, good stress resistance, wide adaptability) and having strong advantage, eurytopicity, a strong stress resistance tucks in 478 and neat 319, corresponding hybridization;
2 parts of hybrid seeds that 2) will obtain are planted respectively more than 100 strains, and with corresponding super-sweet corn parent 50 strains of backcrossing respectively, select super sweet seed (shrinkage type) to mix respectively and stay;
2 parts of ultra-sweet corn seeds that 3) will obtain are planted respectively more than 100 strains, and with corresponding super-sweet corn parent 50 strains of backcrossing again respectively, and the seed of results mixes respectively and stays, and every part of seed planted the 500-600 strain, promptly forms 2 super-sweet corn basic populations.
Second step: set up 2 super-sweet corn population mixtures:
1) from 2 basic populations respectively according to (not morbidity or banded sclerotial blight, leaf blight and the head smut morbidity below 3 grades of field of super sweet seed (seed shrinkage type), quality trait (according to " variety of crops authorization standard (corn) " standard quality scoring (NY/T1197-2006) more than 85 minutes), plant resistance; Plant does not lodge) select fine individual plant 100 strains, its pollen is mixed, pollinate for again middle menu strain one by one, selection tubular fruit ear, fruit ear 50 fringes that tassel row number 12-14 is capable;
2) each fruit ear that will gather in the crops 20 seeds of selecting and remain carry out mixed planting in colony, promptly form 2 super-sweet corn population mixtures.
The 3rd step: good inbred line 1 and 2 acquisition:
1) selects respectively from 2 super-sweet corn population mixtures that tree characteristics is good, selfing is carried out in resistance 100 strains preferably, simultaneously pollination self 20-22 days fresh fruit fringe being downcut 1/3-1/2 is used for the quality product and repays, remaining part is used for aging reserving seed for planting, the quality of selecting and remain preferably fruit ear by 6 generations of pedigree method selfed breeding, promptly breed a series of best in quality, tree characteristics better, super-sweet corn inbred line that resistance is stronger;
2) full diallel cross design (NC II) preparing hybrid combination of toing many or too much for use between colony than identifying, filters out combination-1X2(crystalline substance sweet No. 5 through combining ability test and product) the general performance optimum, inbred line 1 plant type is compact, best in quality, good stress resistance; Inbred line 2 pollen amounts are big, quality is extremely excellent, resistance is better.Inbred line 1 and 2 is the self propagated original seed respectively.
The 4th step: with inbred line 1 be a mother this, inbred line 2 hybridizes as male parent and obtains sweet No. 5 of crystalline substance.
Claims (4)
1. the selection of a super-sweet corn crossbreed is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1) selects Taiwan super-sweet corn-Hua Zhen and No. one, U.S. super-sweet corn-U.S. and two conventional corn inbred lines, through paired hybridization, backcross, backcross again, set up 2 super-sweet corn basic populations from different advantage groups;
2) with selecting fine individual plant that its pollen is mixed according to super sweet seed, quality trait, plant resistance respectively in 2 basic populations, pollinate for again middle menu strain one by one, each fruit ear equivalent seed number of selecting and remain of results is carried out mixed planting in colony, form 2 super-sweet corn population mixtures;
3) with 2 super-sweet corn population mixtures respectively continuously 6 generations of selfing select that plant type is compact, best in quality, the super-sweet corn inbred line 1 of good stress resistance and pollen amount greatly, extremely excellent, the resistance of quality super-sweet corn inbred line 2 preferably;
4) with inbred line 1 be a mother this, inbred line 2 hybridizes as male parent and forms super-sweet corn crossbreed-crystalline substance sweet No. 5.
2. selection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the described different advantage groups' of step 1) conventional corn inbred line is respectively to tuck in 478 and neat 319.
3. selection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: step 2) make and select all genes of plant to enter the super-sweet corn population mixture in every strain, guarantee the genetic diversity of super-sweet corn population mixture.
4. selection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: step 3) is downcut 1/3-1/2 with pollination self 20-22 days fresh fruit fringe and is used for the quality product and repays, stay excellent abandon bad, to guarantee the fine quality of selected inbred line.
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| CN2010105157792A CN101953295A (en) | 2010-10-22 | 2010-10-22 | Method for breeding super-sweet maize hybrid seeds |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105028175A (en) * | 2015-06-03 | 2015-11-11 | 南京市蔬菜科学研究所 | Breeding method of selfing lines of waxy corns and white waxy corns |
| CN105961186A (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2016-09-28 | 南京市蔬菜科学研究所 | Breeding method of excellent super sweet corn inbreeding line |
| CN107517845A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2017-12-29 | 山西尧山种业科技有限公司 | A kind of selection of hybrid maize |
-
2010
- 2010-10-22 CN CN2010105157792A patent/CN101953295A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105028175A (en) * | 2015-06-03 | 2015-11-11 | 南京市蔬菜科学研究所 | Breeding method of selfing lines of waxy corns and white waxy corns |
| CN105028175B (en) * | 2015-06-03 | 2018-03-09 | 南京市蔬菜科学研究所 | A kind of selection of waxy corn and white Waxy Corn Inbred Lines |
| CN105961186A (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2016-09-28 | 南京市蔬菜科学研究所 | Breeding method of excellent super sweet corn inbreeding line |
| CN107517845A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2017-12-29 | 山西尧山种业科技有限公司 | A kind of selection of hybrid maize |
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Application publication date: 20110126 |