CN101940143A - Tuft-form pruning and cold-proof cultivation technology for figs - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a cultivation method for avoiding freezing injury of figs which are cultured in open fields in cold regions in winter, and belongs to the technical field of fruit tree cultivation. The cultivation method is characterized in that: pruning is performed in a trunk-free tuft form; distances between rows of cultured plants are 1.5-2*2.5-3m; about 5cm of limb is left for shearing after planting in the spring of the first year; 3 to 4 buds are preserved on each new branch tip for re-shearing in the pruning in winter; then, 15 to 17 new branch tips, which are strong and fruit, are preserved on each new branch tip every year; the buds on base parts are eliminated in time in a growing period; all the new branch tips which fruit in early September are pinched; the fruits are collected timely in batches according to requirements on the degree of ripeness in a fruit ripening period; 3 to 4 buds are preserved on each new branch tip for retraction after leaves fall; and soil is covered for about 10cm after the shearing in winter in the regions to the north of the Yellow River, and is pushed away before budding in next spring. The tuft-form pruning and cold-proof cultivation technology for the figs is characterized by effectively avoiding the freezing injury of the figs which are cultured in the open fields in the cold regions in winter. The tuft-form pruning and cold-proof cultivation technology for the figs has the advantages of realizing dwarf dense planting, improving the yield and quality of fruits, facilitating tree management, along with simple and convenient operation and time and labor conservation, can be used for culturing the figs in the open fields, and also is suitable for protected cultivation.

Description

Fig clump shape shape training winter protection culture technique

Technical field: the invention belongs to the fruit tree planting technique field, is a kind of cultivation method that is used to prevent the fig winter freezing injury and reaches dwarfing dense planting and good quality and high output.

The background technology fig is rare health-care nutritive fruit, has very high nutritive value and medical value, and its anticancer function obtains countries in the world generally acknowledges, is described as the patron saint of human health " 21 century ".Over nearly 30 years, along with the intensification that people are worth understanding to fig nutrition, medicine, health care etc., the cultivation of fig is comparatively fast developed, but concentrate in blocks still few, fragmentary mostly cultivation.The factor of restriction fig large tracts of land development mainly contains two, one, and fruit is storage tolerance not, and shelf life is short, needs accessory processing; The 2nd, the fig cold resistance is poor, if meet-12 ℃ of low temperature, or mean of dekan temperature is lower than-6 ℃, the acrial part death of will enduring cold.In China, but the Yangtze river basin and areas to the south's outdoor cropping thereof; Soil burial winter protection need be carried out in fig main producing region, Xinjiang; Garden cultivation or the cultivation of protection ground can be carried out in the Yellow River and Huai He River area, and outdoor cropping is survived the winter and is subject to freeze injury; Need soil burial winter protection or the cultivation of protection ground to the north of the Yellow River.At present, also there are not to solve the effective ways that prevent to wait to the north of the Huaihe River colder regional fig open country cultivation winter freezing injury problem in winter.In addition, the fig growth is vigorous, and the tree height is big, what in general adopt is " in-line ", " X " shape or trunk shape training, in warm area and Xinjiang such as Japan, the Yangtze river basins, and general seeding row spacing 3 * 4-5m, mu is planted the 30-50 strain, is unfavorable for improving output and sets the body management.Urgent need is developed the planting type that can prevent that winter freezing injury again can short hat dense planting high yield and high quality.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to for preventing that colder regional fig open country in winter such as grade is cultivated winter freezing injury and realized that good quality and high output provides cultivation method to the north of the Huaihe River.It is strong to upgrade the rudiment ability after fig severe is pruned, and young sprout breaks up bud limit result while growing then.These biological propertyes of fig are clump bases of shape shape training open country winter protection high-yield culturing.

The present invention is a kind of cultivation method that prevents colder regional fig open country cultivation winter freezing injury in winter, it is characterized in that: no trunk clump shape shape training, and seeding row spacing 1.5-2 * 2.5-3m plants; Stay after planting the 1st year spring and cut driedly about 5cm, all young sprouts keep the heavy prunings of 3-4 bud during winter pruning; The healthy and strong 15-17 of young sprout as a result of annual later on reservation bar/strain, the base portion rudiment of in time erasing vegetative period, the whole pinching of firstfruits young sprout in September, the fructescence requires in good time picking fruit in batches according to maturity, and all young sprouts of fallen leaves back stay the pruning of 3-4 bud retraction; The area winter cuts about the earthing 10cm of back to the north of the Yellow River, pushs earthing aside before the next spring rudiment.

Adopt the present invention can carry out the cultivation of fig open country, also can be applicable to the cultivation of protection ground; The garden of building is as annual production 100-150kg/667m ², the 3rd year 1500kg/667m ²About.Simultaneously can realize downgrading dense planting, improve fruit yield and quality, invalid the bearing fruit that minimizing can not ripe be gathered, tree body convenient management, easy and simple to handle, damage by disease and insect is few, saves labor, and is suitable for scale, intensive cultivating.

Specific embodiments

A kind of cultivation method that prevents colder regional fig open country cultivation winter freezing injury in winter, specific implementation method: select for use healthy and strong no root knot nursery stock to build the garden, the seeding row spacing 1.5-2 * 2.5-3m that plants, the shelter forest of planting around the orchard; Adopt the pruning of no trunk clump shape shape; Stay after planting the 1st year spring and cut driedly about 5cm, all young sprouts keep the heavy prunings of 3-4 bud during winter pruning; The healthy and strong young sprout 15-17 of annual later on reservation bar/strain, the base portion rudiment of in time erasing vegetative period, the whole pinching of young sprout at the beginning of 9 months, the fructescence requires in good time picking fruit in batches according to maturity, and all young sprouts of fallen leaves back stay the pruning of 3-4 bud retraction; The area winter cuts about the earthing 10cm of back to the north of the Yellow River, pushs earthing aside before the next spring rudiment.

Claims (1)

1. one kind prevents colder regional fig open country cultivation winter freezing injury and downgrade the cultivation method of dense planting good quality and high output in winter, and it is characterized in that: no trunk clump shape shape is pruned, and seeding row spacing 1.5-2 * 2.5-3m plants; Stay after planting the 1st year spring and cut driedly about 5cm, all young sprouts keep the heavy prunings of 3-4 bud during winter pruning; The healthy and strong 15-17 of young sprout as a result of annual later on reservation bar/strain, the base portion rudiment of in time erasing vegetative period, the whole pinching of firstfruits young sprout in September, the fructescence requires in good time picking fruit in batches according to maturity, and all young sprouts of fallen leaves back stay 3-4 bud retraction; The area winter cuts about the earthing 10cm of back to the north of the Yellow River, pushs earthing aside before the next spring rudiment.